50-547: The Tropicana Gold Mine is located 330 km northeast of Kalgoorlie, Western Australia . Since 2002, it has been jointly owned by AngloGold Ashanti (70% – manager) and Regis Resources (30%). The Tropicana tenements cover 12,500 km of crown land. It is located at the junction of the Yilgarn Craton and the Fraser Range Mobile Belt. The Tropicana deposit was discovered in 2005. The nearby Havana deposit
100-605: A "wild west", notorious for its bandits and prostitutes. This rapid increase in population and claims of neglect by the state government in Perth led to the proposition of the new state of Auralia , but with the sudden diaspora after the Gold Rush, these plans fell through. Places, famous or infamous, for which Kalgoorlie is noted include its water pipeline , designed by C. Y. O'Connor and bringing in fresh water from Mundaring Weir near Perth, its Hay Street brothels, its two-up school,
150-477: A cool change from the south, and occasionally with a thunderstorm. By contrast, winters are cool, with July average maximum and minimum temperatures being 16.5 °C (61.7 °F) and 4.8 °C (40.6 °F), respectively. Cold, wet days with a maximum below 12.0 °C (53.6 °F) occur about once every winter. The lowest maximum temperature recorded is 7.2 °C (45.0 °F), on 19 July 1961. Overnight temperatures fall below freezing about four times in
200-726: A dynamic and diverse cultural scene. Kalgoorlie–Boulder has many arts organisations and practising artists. Kalgoorlie–Boulder's location, being roughly 600 km from Perth, enjoys high levels of participation in Australian rules football (the Goldfields Football League ), netball , basketball, rugby league , soccer , field hockey , and cricket . Other popular sports in Kalgoorlie include tennis, lawn bowls , roller derby , rugby union , and swimming. Kalgoorlie also has an international squash tournament held every year at
250-474: A fee in return. Kalgoorlie has historical hotels still in operation: Many hotels have been put to private use, including: Hotels that have disappeared from the city include: The Kalgoorlie–Boulder metropolitan area consists of the following suburbs: Known as the home of the Super Pit, it is one of Kalgoorlie–Boulder's historical suburbs featuring many buildings and landmarks dating as far back as 1882. It
300-721: A major gold rush in the area now known as Kalgoorlie-Boulder in Western Australia. The resulting goldfield has been mined ever since and is renowned as The Golden Mile , the richest square mile in the world. The modern open-cut mine is a vast, astonishing sight known as the Super Pit . Hannan from Quin, County Clare , and his partners Thomas Flanagan from Ennis , County Clare and Daniel Shea from County Cork , are still remembered and celebrated in Australia and in Ireland. Paddy Hannan
350-429: A medical practice, a hotel, tavern and a non-maintained 18-hole golf course. Much smaller today than it originally was before the Super Pit expansion, Mullingar is located at the far east end of Lamington, between the northern Goldfields railway and Goldfields Highway. Paddy Hannan Patrick Hannan (baptised 26 April 1840 – 4 November 1925) was a gold prospector whose lucrative discovery on 14 June 1893 set off
400-490: A proposal for a new alternative route, out of the suburb onto the Kalgoorlie Bypass, to avoid traffic problems on the already heavily used Graeme Street which is a direct route to the city centre. Other developments include 'Karkurla Rise' and 'Karkurla View' which have added an additional 400 homes to the area. The central business district. Hannan Street, named after Paddy Hannan, is Kalgoorlie's main street and stretches
450-419: A rumoured new prospect at Mount Youle. One version of the story of the find has it that on the night of 14 June 1893, Hannan found gold in a gully. Not wanting to cause a rush, he concealed the find. During the night the trio moved one of their horses into the scrub. The following morning Hannan informed the main party they were going to stay behind to find their lost horse. After the main group moved off east,
500-506: A slight decline from the recent peak of 32,966 in 2013. Kalgoorlie–Boulder lies on the traditional lands of the Wangkatja people. Languages including Wangkatja, part of the Wati language family, continue to be spoken there today. In the winter of 1893, prospectors Patrick (Paddy) Hannan , Tom Flanagan , and Dan Shea were travelling to Mount Youle, when one of their horses cast a shoe. During
550-603: A stampede began. It was estimated that about 400 men were prospecting in the area within three days, and over 1,000 within a week. In 1904, at the age of sixty-four, Hannan was granted an annual pension of £150 by the Government of Western Australia . Having searched for gold throughout his adult life, he did not cease his prospecting activities until after 1910, his seventieth year. At that time he went to live with two of his nieces in Fallon Street, Brunswick, Victoria (close to
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#1732917643981600-595: A thriving sex industry, with parts of Hay Street once being considered Kalgoorlie's red-light district . Originally, brothels were only allowed to operate in Hay Street. While there were once a number of brothels in Kalgoorlie, this has since decreased. Prostitutes from all over the world moved to Kalgoorlie for employment in the town's sex work industry. Today, only one brothel remains in Kalgoorlie: Questa Casa ( Italian for "This House"; locally known as
650-535: A typical winter. Such events occur on clear nights following a day of cold southerly winds. Weather Atlas (sun hours) Kalgoorlie–Boulder is a regional centre and has a Chamber of Commerce and a Chamber of Minerals and Energy. Since 1992, Kalgoorlie has been home to the Diggers & Dealers conference, held annually in August. It is Australia's premier international mining conference. The Fimiston Open Pit (Super Pit)
700-443: A week. The mine blasts at 1:00 pm every day, unless winds would carry dust over the town. Each of the massive trucks carries 225 tonnes of rock and the round trip takes about 35 minutes, most of that time being the slow uphill haul. Employees must live in Kalgoorlie; there's no fly-in, fly-out operation. The current life of mine plan covers operation until 2035, with investigations for mine extension ongoing. Kalgoorlie once had
750-579: A year. To reduce emissions and cost from its 54 MW diesel generators, a hybrid energy system with 24 MW of solar power and a 13 MW battery operated in 2024, and 24 MW of wind power (four 6MW-units) started construction. It occasionally operates without the diesel generators. Annual production figures for the mine were: Kalgoorlie, Western Australia Kalgoorlie is a city in the Goldfields–Esperance region of Western Australia , located 595 km (370 mi) east-northeast of Perth at
800-461: Is 260 mm (10 in) on an average of 68 days and, while the average rainfall is fairly evenly distributed throughout the year, there is considerable variation from year to year. January is the hottest month, with an average maximum temperature of 33.6 °C (92.5 °F), but temperatures above 40.0 °C (104.0 °F) occur nearly once a week when hot, dry, north to northeasterly winds arrive. Such high temperatures are usually followed by
850-461: Is an open-cut gold mine about 3.6 km (2.2 mi) long, 1.6 km (1.0 mi) wide, and over 600 m (1,969 ft) deep. Originally consisting of a large number of underground mines , including the Paringa, Oroya, Brown Hill, Chaffers, and Hainault mines, they were consolidated into a single open pit mine in 1989. A visitor centre overlooks the mine, which operates 24 hours a day, 7 days
900-416: Is now a luxury desert golf course and club. Alongside the golf course project has been the development and release of Greenview estate. It lies on the western border of Hannans. This ongoing project has been designed as an environmentally friendly estate, and will eventually consist of over 2000 homes, apartments and facilities such as parks and schools. As one of Kalgoorlie's highest growth areas there has been
950-522: The Boddington Gold Mine in early 2009 to Newmont , a move seen by analysts as the "logical thing" in order to allow the expenditure on the Tropicana development. The open pit at the mine was designed to be up to 6 km long, 1.5 km wide and up to 400 m deep. The mine site was planned to involve the clearing of 3,440ha of vegetation and likely to emit up to 330,000 tonnes of carbon dioxide
1000-690: The Town of Kalgoorlie and Shire of Boulder formally amalgamated to create the City of Kalgoorlie–Boulder, adjoining the two towns into what is now the fifth most populous city in Western Australia. On 20 April 2010, Kalgoorlie was shaken by an earthquake that reached 5.0 on the Richter scale . The epicentre was 30 km north east of the town. The quake caused damage to a number of commercial hotels and historic buildings along Burt Street in Boulder. The entire Burt St. precinct
1050-749: The silky pears ". The city was established in 1893 during the Western Australian gold rushes . It soon replaced Coolgardie as the largest settlement on the Eastern Goldfields . Kalgoorlie is the ultimate destination of the Goldfields Water Supply Scheme and the Golden Pipeline Heritage Trail . The nearby Super Pit gold mine was Australia's largest open-cut gold mine for many years. During August 2021, Kalgoorlie–Boulder had an estimated urban population of 29,068,
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#17329176439811100-712: The "Pink House"). Questa Casa claims to be Australia's oldest operating brothel, having begun operations in 1904. Questa Casa now only employs two sex workers , but also serves as an adult tourist attraction. The demise of the red light district has largely been attributed to the rescinding of the Containment Policy in 1994. The Containment Policy was an informal policy that restricted all sex work in Kalgoorlie to one street: Hay Street. Nevertheless, "skimpy barmaids" (female bartenders who wear sexually provocative clothing, usually flying into Kalgoorlie from elsewhere) are known to occasionally sell sex. Kalgoorlie–Boulder has
1150-570: The Super Pit – is the centre of the area's social life. Of particular interest is the Kalgoorlie–Boulder Racecourse, a horse racing venue. Two grass sports ovals and a cinema showing recent international releases are in the area. Well known in the area are the Kalgoorlie, Geraldton, Perth, and Albany skimpy barmaids, mostly flown in, employed by pubs like Exchange Hotel , who walk around "scantily clad" in bikini, lingerie or burlesque outfits to attract punters and who expect
1200-672: The YMCA. In a statewide sense, the semiprofessional Goldfields Giants basketball team competes in the State Basketball League , and were league champions in 2007 and 2008. The Goldfields Titans play in the Western Australia Rugby League Harvey Norman Premiership state rugby league competition. Home games are at the Oasis playing fields on Saturday afternoons. Horse racing is also very popular in
1250-574: The city of Melbourne). He died there in 1925 and was buried in Melbourne General Cemetery , in the Catholic section, near the North Gate. In 1993 his grave was restored by the citizens of Kalgoorlie, led by Tess Thomson, as a part of the celebration of the 100-year anniversary of the original find by Hannan, Flanagan and Shea. In memory of a man who is regarded as the founder of Kalgoorlie,
1300-404: The city, and Kalgoorlie–Boulder is home to the internationally recognised annual "Race Round". Every year the annual Kalgoorlie Desert Race is held. It is a gruelling off-road race. Given the wealth of its yesteryear, Kalgoorlie features many elaborate heritage buildings that have been retained. Kalgoorlie–Boulder – the largest settlement for many hundreds of kilometres, with many employees at
1350-582: The end of the Great Eastern Highway . It is sometimes referred to as Kalgoorlie–Boulder , as the surrounding urban area includes the historic townsite of Boulder and the local government area is the City of Kalgoorlie–Boulder . Kalgoorlie–Boulder lies on the traditional lands of the Wangkatja group of peoples. The name "Kalgoorlie" is derived from the Wangai word Karlkurla or Kulgooluh , meaning "place of
1400-430: The ensuing gold rush, significant deposits of calaverite were discovered, but ignored as it was believed at the time that this was a mineral akin to fool's gold . The calaverite was subsequently used for construction in the town, including for buildings and paving. When it was realised in 1896 that calaverite is a compound of tellurium with actual gold, there was a rush to demolish any such structures in order to extract
1450-477: The fact to the warden's office within seven days, so Hannan set off for Coolgardie to register their find, doing so on 17 June 1893. It has been suggested that Hannan, rather than Flanagan or Shea, was chosen to officially register the claim because only he could read and write, but there is evidence that Flanagan was literate, since, in 1864, he had clearly signed the official death certificate of his brother John Flanagan, and had written his own place of residence at
1500-538: The future mine and a 40 MW power station being required to supply it with electricity. The project was estimated to have an initial mine life of 10 years, later extended to 15 years, with an annual production of around 330,000 to 400,000 ounces (9000–11,000 kg) of gold and an overall production of 3.6 million ounces (102,000 kg). The decision for the mine to go ahead made in December 2010, with mining scheduled to begin in 2013. AngloGold Ashanti sold its 33% stake in
1550-472: The gold therein. Nearly every structure created in the previous three years was scrapped in the process. The population of the town was 2,018 (1,516 males and 502 females) in 1898. The mining of gold, along with other metals such as nickel , has been a major industry in Kalgoorlie ever since, and today employs about one-quarter of Kalgoorlie's workforce and generates a significant proportion of its income. The concentrated area of large gold mines surrounding
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1600-600: The goldfields railway loopline, the Kalgoorlie Town Hall, the Paddy Hannan statue/drinking fountain, the Super Pit , and Mount Charlotte lookout. Its main street is Hannan Street , named after the town's founder. One of the infamous brothels also serves as a museum and is a major national attraction. Kalgoorlie and the surrounding district were served by an extensive collection of suburban railways and tramways, providing for both passenger and freight traffic. In 1989,
1650-458: The halt in their journey, the men noticed signs of gold in the area around the foot of what is now the Mount Charlotte gold mine, located on a small hill north of the current city, and decided to stay and investigate. On 17 June 1893, Hannan filed a Reward Claim, leading to hundreds of men swarming to the area in search of gold, and Kalgoorlie, originally called Hannan's Find, was born. During
1700-551: The length of the suburb. The western side of the suburb consists of housing and some light industry. The eastern side contains retail chains, banks, the police station, court house, restaurants, hotels, tourist attractions, schools, university, and a TAFE. One of Kalgoorlie's oldest suburbs. Much like other older suburbs, almost every street is parallel with Hannan Street in Central Kalgoorlie. Streets are noticeably wide. It houses North Kalgoorlie Primary School, small businesses,
1750-480: The main named railway service from Perth was the overnight sleeper train The Westland , which ran until the 1970s. In 1917, a 4 ft 8 + 1 ⁄ 2 in ( 1,435 mm ) standard gauge railway line was completed, connecting Kalgoorlie to Port Augusta , South Australia , across 2,000 kilometres (1,243 mi) of desert, and consequently the rest of the eastern states. The standardisation of
1800-561: The main street and a suburb in Kalgoorlie both bear Hannan's name, and in 1929 a statue of him by the sculptor John MacLeod was erected there. The city boasts several commemorative plaques to the three Irishmen, Hannan, Flanagan and Shea. A popular Irish pub at the Burswood Entertainment Complex was also named after Hannan. In Ireland there is a plaque dedicated to his memory opposite Quin Abbey , Quin, County Clare, and there
1850-417: The mine for A$ 903 million. A pre-feasibility study carried out by AngloGold Ashanti in 2007–08 showed the mine capital cost would be A$ 500 million to $ 540m and could produce up to 430,000 ounces of gold a year. The projects location at the western edge of the remote Great Victoria Desert constitutes one of the biggest barriers for the project, with 220 km of road having to be built to be able to access
1900-499: The original Hannan's find is often referred to as the Golden Mile, and was sometimes referred to as the world's richest square mile of earth. In 1901, the population of Kalgoorlie was 4,793 (3,087 males and 1,706 females) which increased to 6,790 (3,904 males and 2,886 females) by 1903. The 3 ft 6 in ( 1,067 mm ) narrow-gauge Government Eastern Goldfields Railway line reached Kalgoorlie station in 1896, and
1950-567: The railway connecting Perth (which changed route from the narrow-gauge route) in 1968 completed the Sydney–Perth railway , making rail travel from Perth to Sydney possible; the Indian Pacific rail service commenced soon after. During the 1890s, the Goldfields area boomed as a whole, with an area population exceeding 200,000, composed mainly of prospectors. The area gained a reputation for being
2000-401: The street and common pathways linking homes. The area has been plagued by antisocial problems. In 2003, a significant urban renewal project was commenced, including the renaming of the suburb to Golden Grove and re-aligning of homes. The project has seen some success but has yet to fully eliminate antisocial problems within the area. See Broadwood. Located in Kalgoorlie's far north. Hannans
2050-436: The three men started to pick up the gold and peg out their lease. Amongst the various counter-claims to emerge over the years, one lively version of the story was told in 1909 by Fred Dugan (another prospector, who was present at the time) relating how Thomas Flanagan found the first nuggets, and covered his find with brushwood to conceal it until the following day. By law, those finding "payable" gold were required to report
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2100-467: The time - White Hills (in Bendigo, Victoria, Australia). The other possible reasons for Hannan going alone to the office at Coolgardie are set out by Martyn Webb, who relates that: The fact that Flanagan and Shea were able to secure another 100 ounces while Hannan was away registering their claim at Coolgardie might help to explain why Hannan was chosen ... simply because they were better at specking than he
2150-526: Was 22, arriving in Melbourne on 23 December 1862 aboard the Henry Fernie from Liverpool. He is recorded in the passenger list as Pat Hannan, a labourer. In 1893 in Western Australia, Hannan and his partners were the first to find gold near Mount Charlotte, less than 40 kilometres from the existing Coolgardie Goldfields. Hannan, Flanagan and Shea were following a large number of prospectors who set out for
2200-452: Was discovered in 2006. Mining commenced in July 2012 and first ore was sent to the crushing circuit in July 2013. The first gold was poured on 26 September 2013. The area was seen as a new major Australian gold province, previously unexplored due to its remoteness, and dubbed the "Tropicana Gold Belt". In May 2021, Regis Resources purchased Independence Group's 30 percent stake in the ownership of
2250-621: Was evacuated until 23 April. Work in the Superpit and many other mines around Kalgoorlie was stopped. Two people suffered minor injuries as a result of the quake. According to the 2016 census , there were 29,873 people in the Kalgoorlie–Boulder Significant Urban Area: Kalgoorlie has a hot semi-arid climate ( BSh ) bordering both a hot desert climate ( BWh ) and a cool semi-arid climate ( BSk ) with hot summers and mild winters. The average annual rainfall
2300-541: Was once the central business district for the Town of Boulder, but since amalgamation with Kalgoorlie, it is now more of a historical local centre. Boulder has its own post office, town hall and many hotels along its main thoroughfare, Burt Street. A significant refurbishment has been commenced as part of the 'Royalties for Regions' initiative. A new housing suburb located next to the Kalgoorlie–Boulder Airport , which
2350-568: Was recently expanded. This area derives its name from the golf course that once occupied the area. It was released to provide affordable property to a growing population in Kalgoorlie–Boulder. Fairways features a private primary school, church, caravan park and small business. Adeline was originally constructed around 1970 by the State Housing Commission. The suburb was built on the " Radburn concept ", with houses facing away from
2400-431: Was the first suburb to have its own independent shopping centre ("Hannans Boulevard") which includes a IGA SuperMarket (formally Coles supermarket). The area also has a primary school and an 18-hole golf course. The original course was not formally grassed but was recently refurbished. Several surrounding golf clubs joined together to form one club known as 'The Goldfields Golf Club'. A dam has been constructed to service what
2450-465: Was the son of John Hannan and Bridget Lynch, and was baptised on 26 April 1840 in the town of Quin, County Clare , Ireland. His baptismal record shows that his godparents (sponsors) were Margaret Lynch and John O'Brien. Many of the people in his family emigrated to Australia from 1852 onwards, and close ties were maintained. Two of Hannan's nieces would welcome Hannan into their house for the last years of his life. Hannan emigrated to Australia when he
2500-451: Was – it needs good eyesight. On the other hand, since the journey was arduous and had to be done as quickly as possible, Hannan might have been chosen because, as Uren and others suggest, he was the youngest and the fittest of the three. … The most likely reason … was that he was the undisputed leader of the party. Hannan registered the claim in Flanagan's name as well as his own. Within hours
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