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51-696: The Trans-Caprivi highway is a section of the Walvis Bay Corridor, a trade route linking land-locked Zambia (and neighbouring countries such as DR Congo , Malawi and Zimbabwe ) to the Walvis Bay port on the Atlantic Ocean . An example of the function of the corridor as a trade route is that trucks carry copper ore concentrate from the Dikulushi Mine in South-East DR Congo across Zambia and down

102-634: A claim to Walvis Bay. Walvis Bay was founded at the end of the 18th century as a stopover for sea travel between Cape Town and the Netherlands by the Dutch East India Company. No permanent (year round) settlement was attempted and little commercial development occurred on the site until the late 19th century. In the meantime, the Cape Colony had become British, and during the Scramble for Africa ,

153-699: A junction with the B8 road . At this junction, the corridor becomes the B8 east-north-east and heads for 345km to the town of Rundu , where it meets the B10 road and becomes the main road through the Caprivi Strip . The section from Okahandja to Otavi is shared with the Tripoli–Cape Town Highway . The corridor resumes being the B8 road and heads eastwards from Rundu for 510km to the border town of Katima Mulilo , where it crosses

204-643: A junction with the T2 road about 10km south of Kafue . At this junction, the T1 ends and the corridor becomes the T2 northwards. It heads northwards as the T2 for 55km to the city of Lusaka (capital city of Zambia). From Lusaka, it heads northwards as the T2 for 200km, through Kabwe , to Kapiri Mposhi , where it reaches a junction with the T3 road and enters the Copperbelt region. At this junction,

255-551: A new party registered in 2018, 1,207 votes), the local Joint Walvis Bay Residents Association with 945 votes, and the Popular Democratic Movement (PDM, the new name of the DTA) with 658 votes. On 28 November 2024, Trevino Forbes of IPC was re-elected as the mayor of Walvis Bay at a special council meeting. Walvis Bay is twinned with: Walvis Bay contains open spaces, scenic beauty and unique marine and plant life. It

306-650: A vital logistical hub. In addition to the importance of the port, development would strengthen trade corridors which consists of current road and rail networks. In an attempt to strengthen and enhance trade relations between other African countries, Namport (the Namibian Port Authority) in April 2019 signed a five-year MoU (Memorandum of Understanding) with the Port Authority of Dakar, Senegal. Walvis Bay International Airport provides commercial flight services to

357-493: Is 400 m lower than the surrounding plateau. The Mimbula Copper Project is a copper rich oxide and sulphide deposit, located on the outskirts of the town of Chingola on a mining licence held by Moxico Resources’ Zambian unit. Moxico Resources is a development and exploration mining company incorporated in the UK . In 2021, Moxico Resources began construction of a 10,000 tonne Leach Pad, Solvent Extraction and Electrowinning Plant. The Plant

408-565: Is a city in Namibia and the name of the bay on which it lies. It is the second largest city in Namibia and the largest coastal city in the country. The city covers an area of 29 square kilometres (11 sq mi) of land. The bay is a safe haven for sea vessels because of its natural deep-water harbour, protected by the Pelican Point sand spit , being the only natural harbour of any size along

459-450: Is a tertiary education institution based in town. International University of Management (IUM), Welwitchia Health Training Center and Monitronics Success College both have branches in Walvis Bay. Walvis Bay is governed by a municipal council that has ten seats. The 2015 local authority election was won by the SWAPO party which gained eight seats (5,818 votes). One seat each was won by

510-460: Is a town in Zambia's Copperbelt Province , the country's copper-mining region, with a population of 256,560 (2022 census). It is the home of Nchanga Copper Mine , a deep-shaft high-grade content copper mining operation, which subsequently (in the 1960s) led to the development of two open pit operations, Chingola Open Pit and then Nchanga Open Pit (the latter being the second largest open cast mine in

561-525: Is also at the start of the T5 road , running west-north-west to a border with Angola via Solwezi and Mwinilunga . Chingola is served by Kasompe Airport , ( IATA code: CGJ). It is also served by 2 shopping malls: The Park Mall and the Motherland Shopping Mall. The town has two hospitals: Nchanga North General Hospital (Government-owned, bed capacity 283) and Nchanga South Hospital (privately owned by

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612-534: Is also located in the city. The beach resort of Langstrand lies just a few kilometres north. The Walvis Bay Export Processing Zone is an important facet of the local economy. The Dutch referred to it as Walvisch Baye and the English as Whale Bay . In its eventual formal incorporation, it was named Walfish Bay , which was changed to Walvish Bay , and ultimately to Walvis Bay . It has also been referred to as Walwich Bay or Walwisch Bay . The Herero people of

663-416: Is carried by truck. The Walvis Bay Corridor Group is gearing up to increase import/export-business opportunities in Namibia. The Namibian National Development Plan expects to complete the expansion programme of the Walvis Bay port by 2019. Because of the harbour's geographical positioning, authorities plan to gain a footprint in providing landlocked Southern African Development Community (SADC) countries with

714-608: Is expected to be operational by Q2 2022 and is planned to be expanded in phases. A freight-only branch of Zambian Railways services the town from Kitwe. The branch includes the movement of copper ore to the smelters at Nkana in Kitwe. Chingola is on the main Copperbelt Highway (the T3 road ) running north to Lubumbashi in DR Congo via Chililabombwe and Konkola and running south-east to Kapiri Mposhi via Kitwe and Ndola . It

765-482: Is well suited for the outdoor lifestyle, boasting sports such as sandboarding, kiting, surfing, swimming, angling, sailing, golf and other indoor and outdoor sport codes. There is Walvis Bay Lagoon and Aquatic Activities, Kuiseb River Delta and the beach itself where people enjoy swimming and catching fish. The two-kilometre ( 1 + 1 ⁄ 4 -mile) sand spit allows the adjacent water to remain smooth in very strong winds, ideal for record attempting vessels like that by

816-716: The Vestas Sailrocket . The ocean side of the sand spit has a world-famous surf spot known in the international surf media as "Skeleton Bay." The city is home to Eleven Arrows F.C. and Blue Waters F.C. , football clubs that compete in the Namibia Premier Football League , and the Sparta Cricket Club Ground . Among the places of worship , they are predominantly Christian churches and temples: Evangelical Lutheran Church in Namibia ( Lutheran World Federation ), Evangelical Lutheran Church in

867-564: The British claimed Walvis Bay. They permitted the Cape Colony to complete the annexation of the territory in 1884, together with the Penguin Islands , following initial steps which had been taken in 1878. In 1910, Walvis Bay, as part of the Cape Colony , became part of the newly formed Union of South Africa . Subsequently, a dispute arose with Germany over the exclave 's boundaries, which

918-768: The Cape Province , thereby making it an exclave . From 1980, it was represented in both the Provincial Council and the House of Assembly as part of the Green Point constituency in Cape Town , before becoming a separate constituency in 1982. In response, the United Nations Security Council passed Resolution 432 (1978) , which declared that "the territorial integrity and unity of Namibia must be assured through

969-731: The Democratic Turnhalle Alliance (DTA, 565 votes) and the United Democratic Front (UDF, 433 votes). The 2020 local authority election was won by the Independent Patriots for Change (IPC), an opposition party formed in August 2020. The IPC obtained 5,043 votes and gained four seats. SWAPO was the runner-up, obtaining 3,348 votes and gaining three seats. One seat each went to the Landless People's Movement (LPM,

1020-631: The M19 road (which provides access to the near Kazungula Bridge border with Botswana ). From Kazungula, it heads eastwards for 70 kilometres as the M10 to the city of Livingstone (10 km north of the Victoria Falls ), where it reaches a junction with the T1 road . At this junction, the M10 ends and the corridor becomes the T1 north-eastwards. From Livingstone, it heads north-east as the T1 for 420km, through Choma , to reach

1071-636: The N1 route . From Kasumbalesa , the corridor heads north-north-west as the N1 route for 100 kilometres to the city of Lubumbashi . The section from Kafue (south of Lusaka) to Lubumbashi is shared with the Beira–Lobito Highway . This African road or road transport-related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Walvis Bay Walvis Bay (English: lit. Whale Bay ; Afrikaans : Walvisbaai ; German : Walfischbucht or Walfischbai )

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1122-572: The Namibian general contract workers strike began in Walvis Bay, after starting the day before in Windhoek . The goal of the strike was the abolition of the contract labour system, to oppose apartheid , and promote Namibia's independence. In 1977, following increasing international pressure to relinquish its control over South West Africa, South Africa repealed the Act, but transferred control of Walvis Bay back to

1173-616: The cold desert climate ( BWk ) according to the Köppen climate classification . It is caused by the rain shadow of the Naukluft Mountains and the cooling effect of the coastal sea temperature by the Benguela Current . Walvis Bay receives only 13.2 millimetres (0.52 in) average precipitation per year, making it one of the driest cities on earth. Despite its dry climate, the city is relatively humid. Average relative humidity throughout

1224-649: The Cape of Good Hope, shall for judicial and administrative purposes be regarded as if it were part of the mandated territory of South West Africa". However, South Africa had also sought to annex South West Africa itself, and had presented such a proposal to the League of Nations. Consequently, in 1949, the Act was amended to give representation in the Parliament of South Africa to whites in South West Africa. On 14 December 1971

1275-457: The KCM (Konkola Copper Mines Plc), bed capacity about 100). The town also has sports amenities that were previously managed and maintained by the subsidiary of Zambia Consolidated Copper Mines Limited, Nchanga Division; These include Crickets Club, Swimming pool (non functional), Rugby Club, Golf Club, tennis and Cinema (now converted into a church). These clubs are all located along Fern Avenue, aside from

1326-737: The Namibian Cabinet, and Carl von Hirschberg, former South African Ambassador to the United Nations. In August 1993, prior to the end of apartheid , the Multiparty Negotiating Forum in South Africa passed a resolution calling for "the incorporation-reintegration of Walvis Bay and the Off-Shore Islands into Namibia." The Transfer of Walvis Bay to Namibia Act was passed by the Parliament of South Africa that year. Following

1377-630: The Namibian government in association with French Groupe PSA signed an investment agreement to initiate a joint-venture to assemble Opel and Peugeot vehicles in Walvis Bay. The N$ 190m-project has been earmarked to commence in 2018 with a forecasted annual target volume of 5000 units by 2020, a target carried by SACU countries' market demand. However, Peugeot threatened to close the plant over disputes with South Africa over import tariffs. Walvis Bay Salt produces approximately 1 million tons of salt per year through solar evaporation of sea water. Most of

1428-579: The Republic of Namibia ( Lutheran World Federation ), Baptist Convention of Namibia ( Baptist World Alliance ), Assemblies of God , Catholic Church . In addition to that there are also Anglican Churches namely St Raphael Anglican Church in Mondesa, St Mathews Anglican Church close to Namport as well as Seafarers Mission at Namport. There is also a Muslim mosque. [REDACTED] Media related to Walvis Bay at Wikimedia Commons Chingola Chingola

1479-668: The Trans-Caprivi highway to the copper smelter at Tsumeb in Namibia. The refined copper is then exported from Namibian ports. As the name suggests, the corridor starts at Walvis Bay (in Namibia ), passes through Ndola (in Zambia ) and ends at Lubumbashi (in DR Congo ). The corridor begins in the coastal town of Walvis Bay as the B2 road , heading northwards to the coastal town of Swakopmund (a distance of 35km), where it turns eastwards. It heads eastwards from Swakopmund, through Karibib , to

1530-865: The airport on 15 April 2016. Tourism has had an increasing influence in the town's economy, with international tourists arriving at its airport and port facilities. Several cruise liners visit the port each year. With many tourism activities hosted by small and large tour operators the town has turned into a tourism destination. In Walvis Bay there are a variety of fishing companies like Hangana Seafood, Caroline Fishing, Benguella Fishing Company, Cadilu Fishing, Etosha Fisheries, Kuiseb Fishing Enterprises, Blue Ocean Products, Benguella Sea Products, Consortium Fisheries, Talanam Fish Processor. These companies catch diverse types of fish, like snoek , horse mackerel , anchovy , white steenbras , kabeljou, kingklip , hake , catfish , tuna , and sardines . Hangana Seafood are processors and exporters of fish and fish products. As such,

1581-580: The area called it Ezorongondo . Portuguese navigator Diogo Cão reached Cape Cross , north of the bay, in 1485. There followed Bartolomeu Dias , who anchored his flagship São Cristóvão in what is now Walvis Bay on 8 December 1487, on his expedition to discover a sea route to the East via the Cape of Good Hope . He named the bay "O Golfo de Santa Maria da Conceição". However, the Portuguese did not formally stake

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1632-590: The capacity of the port to 750,000 containers per year from 350,000. The terminal also includes a dedicated cruise liner berth. Walvis Bay has a number of public (government-run), semi-public, and private schools. Among them are Duneside High School, Duinesig Primary School, International School of Walvis Bay, The Dolphin Schools, Alexanders Private School, Kuisebmond Secondary School, Walvis Bay Private School and others. A number of kindergartens cater to young children. The Namibian Maritime and Fisheries Institute (NAMFI)

1683-492: The city's residents, as well as to neighbouring towns and villages. Airlink services flights between South Africa and Walvis Bay. In August 2019 a new container terminal was opened, built on a 40-acre platform reclaimed from the sea. The terminal was built by the state-owned China Harbour Engineering Company with funds from the Namibian government and the African Development Bank, costing N$ 4.2b. This increases

1734-551: The corridor becomes the T3 northwards. The section from Livingstone to Kapiri Mposhi is shared with the Cairo-Cape Town Highway . From Kapiri Mposhi, it heads northwards as the T3 for 170km, through the city of Ndola , to the city of Kitwe . From Kitwe, it heads northwards for 90km, through Chingola , to the border town of Kasumbalesa , where it crosses the national boundary in a northerly direction to enter DR Congo and become

1785-403: The country's coast. Being rich in plankton and marine life , these waters also draw large numbers of southern right whales , attracting whalers and fishing vessels. A succession of colonists developed the location and resources of this strategic harbour settlement. The harbour's value in relation to the sea route around the Cape of Good Hope had caught the attention of world powers since it

1836-583: The end of the TransNamib Railway to Windhoek , and on B2 road . Walvis Bay, with its large bay and sand dunes, is an important centre of tourism activity in Namibia. Attractions include the artificial Bird Island , centre of a guano collection industry, the Dune 7 sand dune, the salt works, the abundant birdlife, and a museum. Kuisebmund Stadium , home to two clubs in the Namibia Premier League ,

1887-573: The fishing enterprise accounts for a major part of Walvis Bay's economy. In May 2018, a spokesman for the National Fishing Corporation of Namibia (Fishcor), confirmed that a new N$ 530 million onshore processing plant would be operational by September 2018. After completion, the factory (which plans to employ 700 people of which 70% will be female), promises to be the largest pelagic processing plant in sub-Saharan Africa and will process about 80 000 tonnes of fish per annum. In March 2018,

1938-450: The golf course. There are several lodges in Chingola and one notable hotel, Protea by Marriott Chingola located along Kabundi road. Nchanga Rangers Football club is the towns largest soccer club and officiates games at the towns largest soccer stadium located near Nchanga North suburbs. During the 60's, 70's and 80's, Chingola was hailed as the cleanest and well maintained town in Zambia. This

1989-549: The national boundary in a northerly direction to enter Zambia . Immediately after crossing the border, it reaches a junction with Zambia's M10 road . The corridor becomes the M10 and immediately crosses the Zambezi River in a north-easterly direction as the Katima Mulilo Bridge to enter the town of Sesheke . From Sesheke, the corridor heads eastwards as the M10 for 135km to the small town of Kazungula , where it meets

2040-406: The port has increased from 30,000 containers a year to 370,000 containers in 2016. As of 2017 the port was being upgraded to increase its capacity to move 1 million containers a year by 2019. Bureaucratic and logistical problems at the city's competitor port at Durban , South Africa have diverted traffic to the port at Walvis Bay. Ninety-five percent of all cargo hauled overland through Walvis Bay

2091-524: The reintegration of Walvis Bay within its territory". In 1990, South West Africa gained independence as Namibia , but Walvis Bay remained under South African sovereignty, with South Africa increasing the number of troops. However, in 1992, the two countries agreed to establish a transitional Joint Administrative Authority for Walvis Bay and the Offshore Islands. The Authority was headed by two Chief Executive Officers, Nangolo Mbumba , then Secretary to

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2142-472: The salt is for industrial use but the company also produces table salt under the "Cerebos" brand. Walvis Bay is an important logistical port for the southern African region, providing port facilities for the import and export of cargo for the rest of Namibia, Zambia, Democratic Republic of Congo, and Botswana. Since the Walvis Bay Corridor Group (WBCG) was established in 2000, cargo moving through

2193-442: The signing of a treaty between the two countries, South Africa formally transferred sovereignty of Walvis Bay and the Penguin Islands to Namibia on 1 March 1994. Due to its South African administration Walvis Bay was developed as a segregated town. The suburb of Kuisebmond , located 3.2 kilometres (1.8 mi) from Walvis Bay city centre, housed Black people; Narraville , located 3.3 kilometres (2 mi) from Walvis Bay city centre,

2244-415: The summer; autumn, spring, and even winter have all seen higher temperatures than the hottest days in summer. These record highs occur when offshore winds blow downwards from the high plateau inland and are nonetheless mild by comparison to many other cities in the tropics at the same latitude. Higher temperatures have been recorded, even just slightly inland, such as a report of 42.8 °C (109.0 °F) at

2295-609: The town of Okahandja (a distance of 290km), where it reaches a junction with the B1 road . At this junction, the B2 ends and the corridor becomes the B1 northwards. The entire section from Walvis Bay to Okahandja is shared with the Trans-Kalahari Corridor . From Okahandja, it heads northwards as the B1 for 290km, through Otjiwarongo , to the town of Otavi (south-west of Tsumeb ), where it reaches

2346-399: The world). Chingola was founded in 1943, somewhat later than most other Copperbelt Province towns. Chingola was built to service the newly opened Nchanga Copper mine . Situated at the north-west end of the Copperbelt Province , the Nchanga Mines Open Pit workings lie in an arc 11 km long around the west and north of the town, covering nearly 30 km . The deepest part of the pit

2397-439: The year remains above 80%. The warmest month is February with average temperature 17.9 °C (64.2 °F), while the coolest months are August and September with average temperature 13.2 °C (55.8 °F). The diurnal temperature range is also low, averaging only 5.7 °C (10.3 °F). A weather station operated on the Pelican Point headland from 1958 to 1984. Unusually, the highest temperatures are not recorded during

2448-407: Was discovered by the outside world in 1485. The importance of the harbour, combined with its extreme isolation by land, explains the complicated political history of the town. For much of its history, Walvis Bay was governed as an exclave separate from the rest of the territory that today is Namibia. The town is situated just north of the Tropic of Capricorn in the Kuiseb River delta and lies at

2499-445: Was eventually settled in 1911, with Walvis Bay being allocated an area of 1,124 square kilometres (434 sq mi). The exclave was overrun by the Germans during the South West Africa Campaign early in the First World War , but the Union Defence Force (UDF) of South Africa eventually ousted the Germans in 1915. Subsequently, Walvis Bay was quickly integrated into the new martial law regime in South West Africa. South Africa

2550-403: Was inhabited by Coloureds ; and Whites lived in the city centre. After the incorporation of the town into Namibia, many people have settled in shacks around it. In an effort to reduce the impact of the informal settlements , the municipality formed the Tutaleni Housing Project to the northeast. Despite its location within the tropics , Walvis Bay features the very rare mild variation of

2601-468: Was later awarded control (a Class "C" mandate ) over South West Africa by the League of Nations to administer the territory. Civilian rule was restored in South West Africa in 1921 and administration of Walvis Bay was transferred to South West Africa under the South West Africa Affairs Act of 1922 . Despite the territory never having been part of German South West Africa , the Act stated that: "the port and settlement of Walvis Bay, which forms part of

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