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99-569: Having been dumped by her boyfriend after graduation, Aura ( Lena Dunham ) moves back home to her mother's loft in Tribeca for the summer. Aura's plan is to save money until her friend Frankie finishes her degree at Oberlin College and can move to the city so that they can be roommates. Aura's mother Siri is a successful photographer who takes pictures of scenes using tiny furniture. She is aided by Candice, her assistant, and Aura's teenage sister, Nadine. Siri

198-405: A mumblecore filmmaking style, a dialog-heavy style in which young people talk about their personal relationships. In 2006, she produced Pressure , in which a girl and two friends talk about experiencing an orgasm for the first time, which makes Dunham's character feel pressured to do so as well. "I didn't go to film school", Dunham explains. "Instead I went to liberal arts school and self-imposed

297-425: A soundtrack . In the late 1980s, cognitive psychology and psychology of music started an investigation on the impact that the soundtrack exerts on the interpretation of audiovisual stimuli. Canadian psychologist Annabel J. Cohen is one of the first scholars who systematically studied the relationship between music and moving image within the interpretation process of brief animated videos. Her studies converged in

396-594: A $ 3.5 million deal with Random House to publish her first book. The book, an essay collection called Not That Kind of Girl: A Young Woman Tells You What She's "Learned" , was published in September 2014. It reached number two on The New York Times Best Seller list in October 2014. On January 5, 2015, days before the premiere of the fourth season, Girls was renewed for a fifth season, despite dwindling viewership. That year, Dunham launched A Casual Romance Productions,

495-502: A 20-something writer struggling to get by in New York City. Some of the struggles facing Dunham's character Hannah—including being cut off financially from her parents, becoming a writer and making unfortunate decisions—are inspired by Dunham's real-life experiences. Dunham said Girls reflects a part of the population not portrayed in the 1998 HBO series Sex and the City . " Gossip Girl

594-515: A blockbuster film is released, or during and after a television series airs, an album in the form of a soundtrack is typically released alongside that. A soundtrack typically contains instrumentation or alternatively a film score . But it can also feature songs that were sung or performed by characters in a scene (or a cover version of a song in the media, rerecorded by a popular artist), songs that were used as intentional or unintentional background music in important scenes, songs that were heard in

693-475: A book. 'Kaladin', a book soundtrack to popular fantasy novelist Brandon Sanderson's book, 'The Way of Kings', was written by The Black Piper. The Black Piper, hailing from Provo, Utah, is a combined group of composers who share a love for fantasy literature. 'Kaladin' was funded through Kickstarter and raised over $ 112,000. It was released December 2017. A New York Times Bestselling series, Green Rider by Kristen Britain , celebrated its 25th anniversary with

792-588: A box set with an audiocassette entitled Music and Poetry of the Kesh , featuring three performances of poetry, and ten musical compositions by Todd Barton. In comics, Daniel Clowes' graphic novel Like a Velvet Glove Cast in Iron had an official soundtrack album. The original black-and-white Nexus #3 from Capitol comics included the Flexi-Nexi which was a soundtrack flexi-disc for the issue. Trosper by Jim Woodring included

891-595: A college student struggling to complete a screenplay —at the South by Southwest Festival in Austin, Texas. She was initially rejected by the festival the year before; she re-edited and successfully resubmitted the film. Dunham had a career breakthrough with her semiautobiographic 2010 feature film Tiny Furniture ; the film won Best Narrative Feature at South by Southwest Music and Media Conference , and subsequently screened at such festivals as Maryland Film Festival . Dunham plays

990-479: A commercially released soundtrack album of music as featured in the soundtrack of a film, video, or television presentation; or the physical area of a film that contains the synchronised recorded sound . In movie industry terminology usage, a sound track is an audio recording created or used in film production or post-production . Initially, the dialogue, sound effects, and music in a film each has its own separate track, and these are mixed together to make what

1089-496: A curriculum of creating tiny flawed video sketches, brief meditations on comic conundrums, and slapping them on the Internet." Another early film, entitled The Fountain , which depicted her in a bikini brushing her teeth in the public fountain at Oberlin College, went viral on YouTube. "Her blithe willingness to disrobe without shame caused an outburst of censure from viewers," observed The New Yorker 's Rebecca Mead. Dunham

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1188-452: A deal to develop a show for HBO and that her partner was Jenni Konner, whom I had worked with on Undeclared and a bunch of other projects. They asked me if I wanted to be a part of it, and I was thrilled to jump in." Dunham's television series, Girls , was greenlit by HBO in early 2011. Three episodes were screened to positive response at the 2012 South by Southwest Festival. The series follows Hannah Horvath (portrayed by Dunham),

1287-417: A decline in subscribers and failure to build momentum upon other platforms. Dunham claimed in her book Not That Kind of Girl: A Young Woman Tells You What She's "Learned" that she had been sexually assaulted by a person she called "Barry." Other details in the book indicated that "Barry" was a former Oberlin College classmate. In the book, Dunham describes "Barry" as a man who wore cowboy boots, sported

1386-537: A dramedy for HBO Max . In 2022, Dunham's second feature film, Sharp Stick , starring Kristine Froseth , Dunham, and Jon Bernthal , was released to mixed reviews. She also directed, wrote, and produced her third film, Catherine Called Birdy , an adaption of the children's novel of the same name by Karen Cushman for Working Title Films . The film had its world premiere at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 12, 2022. It

1485-502: A failure to launch and an auspicious debut for writer-director Lena Dunham." On review aggregator website Metacritic , the film received a score of 72 out of 100, based on 30 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews". Joe Leydon of Variety gave the film a positive review, writing "Winner of the narrative feature prize at the SXSW Film Festival, Tiny Furniture should strike a responsive chord in anyone who remembers — or

1584-402: A film, not the composite (sound) track with dialogue and sound effects. The term original soundtrack (OST) , often used for titles of albums of soundtrack music, is sometimes also used to differentiate the original music heard and recorded versus a rerecording or cover version . Types of soundtrack recordings include: The soundtrack to the 1937 Walt Disney animated film Snow White and

1683-404: A more dark thriller would compose of hard rock or urban music . In 1908, Camille Saint-Saëns composed the first music specifically for use in a motion picture (L'assasinat du duc de Guise), and releasing recordings of songs used in films became prevalent in the 1930s. Henry Mancini , who won an Emmy Award and two Grammys for his soundtrack to Peter Gunn , was the first composer to have

1782-412: A motion picture or television soundtrack. Majority of top charting songs were those featured or released on a film or television soundtrack album. In recent years the term soundtrack sort of subsided. It now mostly commonly refers to instrumental background music used in that media. Popular songs featured in a film or television series are instead highlighted and referenced in the credits, not as part of

1881-421: A mustache, hosted a radio show, worked at a campus library, and graduated from Oberlin in 2005; this description was characterized by the attorney of Dunham's former classmate as detailed enough to point towards his client. Dunham later apologized for the confusion and Random House reprinted the book with a disclaimer, releasing a statement saying: "Random House, on our own behalf and on behalf of our author, regrets

1980-476: A new production company named Good Thing Going which had a first look deal with HBO. In 2019, Dunham and Alissa Bennett started a podcast called The C-Word Podcast produced by Luminary . In response to the 2020 coronavirus pandemic , in March 2020 Dunham announced she would write a serialized novel, Verified Strangers , as a response to social isolation. She added that the act was a response to help herself and

2079-475: A noun, and as a verb. An early attempt at popularizing the term sound track was printed in the magazine Photoplay in 1929. A 1992 technical dictionary entry in the Academic Press Dictionary of Science and Technology does not distinguish between the form sound track and soundtrack. The contraction soundtrack came into public consciousness with the advent of so-called soundtrack albums in

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2178-405: A party in their loft while their mother is out for the night. Aura becomes upset, ostensibly by the number of drunk high schoolers at the party, and calls Charlotte to help deal with the situation. Upon arriving, however, Charlotte merely joins the party as well. Nadine eventually confronts Aura over her immaturity, yelling at her to grow up. The next morning, Aura's mother finds the frozen hamster in

2277-556: A production company to develop television and film projects. The company produced It's Me Hilary: The Man Who Drew Eloise . On February 20, 2015, it was reported that Dunham had been cast in a guest role in an episode of the ABC drama series Scandal , which aired March 19, 2015. In September 2015, Dunham stated that the sixth season of Girls was likely to be the last. This was later confirmed by HBO. In 2016, Dunham appeared in her mother's film, My Art , which had its world premiere at

2376-437: A recovering drug addict. She and Aura return to Charlotte's apartment that night, where they smoke marijuana. Charlotte also helps Aura land an $ 11/hour (no tips) job taking reservations at a restaurant. The news that she has landed a job is quickly overshadowed by the fact that Nadine has won a prestigious poetry prize for high school students. Aura begins to feel anxious in comparison to her put-together younger sister and resents

2475-538: A remake of the British comedy series of the same name for HBO, with Jennifer Garner in the lead and Dunham and Konner as showrunners and writers. On July 25, 2018, the series held a panel at the Television Critics Association 's annual summer press tour featuring executive producer Jenni Konner and cast member Jennifer Garner. The following day, a teaser trailer for the series was released. Camping

2574-478: A soundtrack album composed and performed by Bill Frisell , and the Absolute Edition of The League of Extraordinary Gentlemen: Black Dossier is planned to include an original vinyl record . The Crow released a soundtrack album called Fear and Bullets to coincide with the limited edition hardcover copy of the graphic novel. The comic book Hellblazer released an annual with a song called Venus of

2673-457: A soundtrack album to his novel Battlefield Earth entitled Space Jazz . He marketed the concept album as "the only original sound track ever produced for a book before it becomes a movie". There are two other soundtracks to Hubbard novels, being Mission Earth by Edgar Winter and To the Stars by Chick Corea . The 1985 novel Always Coming Home by Ursula K. Le Guin originally came in

2772-654: A ten-episode web series for Nerve.com entitled Tight Shots , described by The New York Times Magazine 's Virginia Heffernan as "a daffy serial about kids trying to make a movie and be artsy and have tons of sex." In 2009, Dunham created the Index Magazine web series, Delusional Downtown Divas , which satirized the New York City art scene. The production was unpaid, so Dunham and her friends "pooled their money from babysitting and art-assistant gigs and borrowed some camera gear." Also in 2009, Dunham premiered Creative Nonfiction —a comedy where she plays Ella,

2871-651: A weighted average, assigned the season a score of 49 out of 100 based on 26 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews". In August 2018, it was announced Dunham would appear in the film Once Upon a Time in Hollywood , directed by Quentin Tarantino , which released on July 26, 2019. Dunham portrayed the role of Catherine "Gypsy" Share . In October 2018, coinciding with the expiration of their joint HBO contract, Dunham and Konner split as producing partners and dissolved their production company. In August 2019, Dunham launched

2970-434: A widespread hit with a song from a soundtrack. Before the 1970s, soundtracks (with a few exceptions), accompanied towards musicals , and was an album that featured vocal and instrumental, (and instrumental versions of vocal songs) musical selections performed by cast members. Or cover versions of songs sung by another artist. After the 1970s, soundtracks started to include more diversity, and music consumers would anticipate

3069-750: A year before transferring to Oberlin College , where she graduated in 2008 with a degree in creative writing. She has a younger sibling, Cyrus , a 2014 graduate of Brown University , who appeared in Dunham's first film, Creative Nonfiction , and starred in her second film, Tiny Furniture . The siblings were raised in Brooklyn and spent summers in Salisbury, Connecticut . While a student at Oberlin College , Dunham produced several independent short films and uploaded them to YouTube . Many of her early films dealt with themes of sexual enlightenment and were produced in

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3168-402: Is also sometimes used for Broadway cast recordings. Contributing to the vagueness of the term are projects such as The Sound of Music Live! , which was filmed live on the set for an NBC holiday season special first broadcast in 2013. The album , released three days before the broadcast, contained studio pre-recordings by the original cast of all the songs used in the special, but because only

3267-425: Is called the composite track, which is heard in the film. A dubbing track is often later created when films are dubbed into another language. This is also known as an M&E (music and effects) track. M&E tracks contain all sound elements minus dialogue, which is then supplied by the foreign distributor in the native language of its territory. Current dictionary entries for soundtrack document soundtrack as

3366-486: Is downloadable for free on the movie website. Tiny Furniture was released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc in 2012 as part of the Criterion Collection . Tiny Furniture received positive reviews from critics and holds an 80% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes , with an average rating of 6.9/10, based on 98 reviews. The site's critical consensus reads, "Agonizingly funny, Tiny Furniture marks an observant study of

3465-408: Is eventually forced to kick him out after he annoys Siri with his entitled attitude. Meanwhile, Aura's flirtation with Keith hits a snag when she discovers he has a girlfriend and only seems interested in her ability to obtain prescription pills through Charlotte. After Keith stands her up when they make plans to get high together, Aura impulsively quits her restaurant job. Later that night, Nadine has

3564-506: Is experiencing — that post-college period in life when you’re impatiently eager to invent yourself, yet hesitant to get started. Written and directed by newcomer Lena Dunham, who also plays the lead role, this technically polished indie often feels like a semi-autographical effort by a filmmaker trying to work out issues in her art that she’s still confronting in life. But that, too, may help the pic connect with auds during limited theatrical exposure." Lena Dunham won for Best First Screenplay at

3663-523: Is initially supportive of her daughter's return home while Nadine appears condescending toward her. Upon moving back into her old room, Nadine commands Aura to replace a lightbulb. While searching for one, Aura stumbles upon her mother's journals from when she was Aura's age, and she begins reading them clandestinely. Shortly after arriving home, Aura goes to a party where she meets Jed, a mildly successful filmmaker who puts his work on YouTube . She also runs into her childhood friend Charlotte ( Jemima Kirke ),

3762-648: Is not upset over it. Aura uses the opportunity to get to know her mother, and asks her about what she was like when she was Aura's age. The film was shot on the Canon EOS 7D . Filming took place in Tribeca and Lower Manhattan . The film was shot in November 2009. Dunham says she wrote a "tight script" to which the actors were faithful. The soundtrack included music by Teddy Blanks of The Gaskets , Domino (Domino Kirke, and Jordan Galland ), Rebecca Schiffman and Sonia's Party! & The Everyone's Invited Band. The soundtrack

3861-410: Is simply used for promotional purposes for well known artists, or new or unknown artists. These soundtracks contain music not at all heard in the film/television series, and any artistic or lyrical connection is purely coincidental. However depending on the genre of the media the soundtrack of popular songs would have a set pattern; a lighthearted romance might feature easy listening love songs, whilst

3960-581: The San Francisco Chronicle said that "The entire constellation of impetuous, ambitious, determined and insecure young urbanites in Girls is realigning in the new season, but at no point in the four episodes sent to critics for review do you feel that any of it is artificial". Verne Gay of Newsday said it is "Sharper, smarter, more richly layered, detailed and acted". Ken Tucker of Entertainment Weekly felt that "As bright-eyed and bushy-tailed as it

4059-574: The 73rd Venice International Film Festival . She also voiced Mary in My Entire High School Sinking Into the Sea , a 2016 American animated teen comedy drama film directed by Dash Shaw . It was selected to be screened in the Vanguard section at the 2016 Toronto International Film Festival . Dunham also filmed scenes for the film Neighbors 2: Sorority Rising , but they were cut from

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4158-519: The Congruence-Association Model of music and multimedia . More recent empirical studies proved that the film music goes far beyond the role of an emotionalizing accessory in film contexts; contrarily, it can radically alter the empathy experienced by the viewers toward the characters on screen, attributed emotions (e.g., whether a character is happy or sad), evaluation of the scenic environments, plot anticipations, and moral judgement of

4257-522: The Troféu HQ Mix (Brazilian most important comic book award) in the category "Special Homage". As Internet access became more widespread, a similar practice developed of accompanying a printed work with a downloadable theme song , rather than a complete and physically published album. The theme songs for Nextwave , Runaways , Achewood , and Dinosaur Comics are examples of this. The novella Chasing Homer (2019) by László Krasznahorkai

4356-471: The closing credits , or songs for no apparent reason related to the media other than for promotion, that were included in a soundtrack. Soundtracks are usually released on major record labels (just as if they were released by a musical artist), and the songs and the soundtrack itself can also be on music charts, and win musical awards. By convention, a soundtrack record can contain all kinds of music including music inspired by but not actually appearing in

4455-582: The gender wage gap in Hollywood, and one written by singer Alicia Keys about her decision to start wearing little to no make-up . In November 2017, following Dunham and Konner's controversial letter denouncing Aurora Perrineau 's accusation of sexual assault by Murray Miller , Zinzi Clemmons announced that she would no longer contribute to the newsletter, saying Dunham's racism was "well-known" and called for all women of color to "divest" from Dunham. In October 2018, Dunham and Konner announced that Lenny Letter would be shutting down, reportedly due to

4554-476: The 1951 film version of A Streetcar Named Desire was released on a 10-inch LP by Capitol Records and sold so well that the label rereleased it on one side of a 12-inch LP with some of Max Steiner 's film music on the reverse. Steiner's score for Gone with the Wind has been recorded many times, but when the film was reissued in 1967, MGM Records finally released an album of the famous score recorded directly from

4653-491: The 1980s Commodore 64 computer. Koji Kondo was an early and important composer for Nintendo games. As the technology improved, polyphonic and often orchestral soundtracks replaced simple monophonic melodies starting in the late 1980s and the soundtracks to popular games such as the Dragon Quest and Final Fantasy series began to be released separately. In addition to compositions written specifically for video games,

4752-719: The 1996 Star Wars novel Shadows of the Empire (written by author Steve Perry ), Lucasfilm chose Joel McNeely to write a score. This was an eccentric, experimental project, in contrast to all other soundtracks, as the composer was allowed to convey general moods and themes, rather than having to write music to flow for specific scenes. A project called "Sine Fiction" has made some soundtracks to novels by science fiction writers like Isaac Asimov and Arthur C. Clarke , and has thus far released 19 soundtracks to science-fiction novels or short stories. All of them are available for free download. Author L. Ron Hubbard composed and recorded

4851-517: The 200th Anniversary Celebration of the U.S. Constitution in Philadelphia, The MUSE Concerts or the various Greenpeace events (i.e. The First International Greenpeace Record Project , Rainbow Warriors and Alternative NRG ) all had special music, effects and dialogue written especially for the event which later went on sale to the record and later video-buying public. Only a few cases exist of an entire soundtrack being written specifically for

4950-485: The 2010 Independent Spirit Awards . Lena Dunham Lena Dunham ( / ˈ l iː n ə ˈ d ʌ n ə m / ; born May 13, 1986) is an American writer, director, actress, and producer. She is the creator, writer, and star of the HBO television series Girls (2012–2017), for which she received several Emmy Award nominations and two Golden Globe Awards . Dunham also directed several episodes of Girls and became

5049-628: The 2016 film My Entire High School Sinking Into the Sea , which premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival . On television, aside from Girls , she has played guest roles in Scandal and The Simpsons (both 2015). In 2017, she portrayed Valerie Solanas in American Horror Story: Cult . Dunham's work, as well as her outspoken presence on social media and in interviews, have attracted significant controversy, praise, criticism, and media scrutiny throughout her career. Dunham

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5148-642: The DVD, erasing the alternate vocal masters from the CD and combining the two). Among MGM's most notable soundtrack albums were those of the films Good News , Easter Parade , Annie Get Your Gun , Singin' in the Rain , Show Boat , The Band Wagon , Seven Brides for Seven Brothers , and Gigi . Film score albums did not really become popular until the LP era , although a few were issued in 78-rpm albums. Alex North 's score for

5247-492: The Hardsell , which was then recorded and a music video to accompany with. The Brazilian graphic novel Achados e Perdidos ( Lost and Found ), by Eduardo Damasceno and Luís Felipe Garrocho , had an original soundtrack composed by musician Bruno Ito . The book was self-published in 2011 after a crowdfunding campaign and was accompanied by a CD with eight songs (one for each chapter of the story). In 2012, this graphic novel won

5346-634: The Seven Dwarfs was the first commercially issued film soundtrack. It was released by RCA Victor Records on multiple 78 RPM discs in January 1938 as Songs from Walt Disney's Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (with the Same Characters and Sound Effects as in the Film of That Title) and has since seen numerous expansions and reissues. The first live-action musical film to have a commercially issued soundtrack album

5445-551: The advent of CD technology allowed developers to incorporate licensed songs into their soundtrack (the Grand Theft Auto series is a good example of this). Furthermore, when Microsoft released the Xbox in 2001, it featured an option allowing users to customize the soundtrack for certain games by ripping a CD to the hard-drive. As in Sound of Music Live! the music or dialogue in question

5544-487: The biggest cliché for a Jewish woman to say." The Modern Hebrew poetry of Yehuda Amichai helped her to connect with her Judaism . Dunham attended Friends Seminary before transferring in seventh grade to Saint Ann's School in Brooklyn , where she met Tiny Furniture actress and future Girls co-star Jemima Kirke . As a teen, Dunham also won a Scholastic Art and Writing Award . She attended The New School for

5643-496: The characters. Furthermore, eyetracking and pupillometry studies found that film music is able to influence gaze direction and pupil dilation depending on its emotional valence and semantic information conveyed. Recently, new experiments showed that film music can alter time perception while watching movies; in particular, soundtracks deemed as activating and arousing lead to time overestimation as opposed to more relaxing or sad music. Lastly, soundtracks have been proved to shape

5742-433: The close bond between Nadine and their mother. Depressed, Aura begins to spend time with Jed, who is couchsurfing as his agent tries to land him a TV development deal, and flirts with Keith ( David Call ), a junior chef at the restaurant. When her mother and sister leave for a week in order to tour colleges, Aura invites Jed to stay with her. Together they discover that Aura's pet hamster Gilda has died, and they store it in

5841-600: The confusion." Other passages in the book recounting interactions of a sexual nature, starting when she was seven years old – with her then one-year-old sibling Grace (now Cyrus ) – also attracted significant controversy, and prompted numerous editorials about children's sexuality and personal boundaries. Dunham's work and her outspoken presence on social media and in interviews have attracted significant controversy, criticism, and media scrutiny throughout her career. On several occasions, Dunham has been accused of making racially insensitive remarks. Upon release, Girls

5940-424: The films finish their theatrical runs and some have become extremely rare collectors' items. In a few rare instances an entire film dialogue track was issued on records. The 1968 Franco Zeffirelli film of Romeo and Juliet was issued as a 4-LP set, as a single LP with musical and dialogue excerpts, and as an album containing only the film's musical score. The ground-breaking film Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?

6039-527: The final film. In 2017, Dunham portrayed Valerie Solanas , the real-life radical feminist and SCUM Manifesto author who attempted to murder Andy Warhol in the late 1960s, in American Horror Story: Cult . Girls ' sixth and final season concluded on April 16, 2017, leaving a total of 62 episodes in the series. Since 2016, Dunham has been working on a second book that will be published by Random House. In February 2018, A Casual Romance Productions announced that it would be producing Camping ,

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6138-463: The first two episodes of season two, which was criticized as tokenism in response to the initial backlash from the first season. Dunham spoke publicly about the criticism on several occasions; in an interview with IndieWire , she said: Soundtrack A soundtrack is a recorded audio signal accompanying and synchronised to the images of a book , drama , motion picture , radio program , television program , or video game ; colloquially,

6237-484: The first woman to win the Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directing – Comedy Series . She started her career writing, directing, and starring in her semi-autobiographical independent film Tiny Furniture (2010), for which she won an Independent Spirit Award for Best First Screenplay. She has since written and directed the 2022 films Sharp Stick and Catherine Called Birdy . In 2013, Dunham

6336-403: The former HBO series and moved to New York to pursue their dreams. Dunham herself says she "revere[s] that show just as much as any girl of my generation". The first season premiered on HBO on April 15, 2012, and received critical acclaim. The New York Times applauded the series, writing that " Girls may be the millennial generation 's rebuttal to Sex and the City , but the first season

6435-461: The freezer in a plastic bag until Aura can bury her. Jed and Aura ultimately neglect to take care of the apartment while drinking most of Siri's wine and eating frozen dinners. Siri eventually confronts Aura about these things upon her return, which Aura first lies about before throwing a tantrum in front of her mother and sister. Despite this, Aura later asks her mom to let Jed extend his visit by having him stay on an inflatable mattress in her room. She

6534-575: The freezer, which Aura promptly disposes of. Aura also tells a bewildered Frankie that she no longer can move in with her, offering the excuse that her mother needs her too much. Unsure of what to do with her filmmaking degree, Aura lucks out when Charlotte asks a curator friend to put one of Aura's college videos in his gallery. At the exhibit, Charlotte is annoyed when Frankie appears to discuss living arrangements with Aura. Charlotte encourages Aura to leave Frankie in order to spend time with Keith, who also showed up. Ditching Frankie, Aura goes with Keith and

6633-425: The larger instruments may be pre-recorded onto a backing track and the remaining instruments may play live, or the reverse may occur in such instances as Elvis: The Concert or Sinatra: His Voice. His World. His Way both of which use isolated vocal and video performances accompanied by a live band. In the case of event soundtracks, large public gatherings such as Hands Across America , The Live Aid Concert,

6732-473: The late 1940s. First conceived by movie companies as a promotional gimmick for new films, these commercially available recordings were labeled and advertised as "music from the original motion picture soundtrack ", or "music from and inspired by the motion picture." These phrases were soon shortened to just "original motion picture soundtrack ." More accurately, such recordings are made from a film's music track, because they usually consist of isolated music from

6831-499: The lead role of Aura. Laurie Simmons (Dunham's real-life mother) plays Aura's mother, and Dunham's real-life sibling Cyrus plays Aura's on-screen sibling. For her work on Tiny Furniture , Dunham also won an Independent Spirit Award for Best First Screenplay. The success of Tiny Furniture earned Dunham a blind script deal at HBO . The network set Dunham up with veteran showrunner Jennifer Konner . Konner told Vulture 's Jada Yuan that she got involved with Dunham because she

6930-511: The magazine for featuring an unedited photo and leaving the cellulite on her thighs visible. In 2015, Dunham, with Jenni Konner , co-founded Lenny Letter , a feminist online newsletter. Lenny Letter was initially supported by Hearst Corporation advertising, and subsequently by Condé Nast . In addition to the regular newsletter, Lenny Letter published a Fiction Issue and a Poetry Issue during fall 2015. Notable articles include an essay written by actress Jennifer Lawrence about

7029-491: The master take used in the film could not be found in its isolated form (without the M&;E), the aforementioned alternate masters and alternate vocal and solo performances might be used instead. As a result of all this ambiguity, over the years the term soundtrack began to be commonly applied to any recording from a film, whether taken from the actual film soundtrack or re-recorded in the studio at an earlier or later time. The term

7128-479: The memory of the scene that the viewers form, to the point of biasing their recall coherently with the music's semantic contents. Soundtrack may also refer to music used in video games. While sound effects were nearly universally used for action happening in the game, music to accompany the gameplay was a later development. Rob Hubbard and Martin Galway were early composers of music specifically for video games for

7227-461: The movie. But I'd just broken up with my writing partner and couldn't be less interested in the idea of supervising anybody. I really was like, 'I'm going to find my voice, and be on my own.' And then they called me and they were like, 'Oh, the Tiny Furniture girl is doing a show, do you want to supervise her?' And I was like, 'Yes! One million percent. Sign me up. Totally on board.' Dunham's star

7326-435: The movie; the score contains only music by the original film's composers. Contemporaneously, a soundtrack can go against normality, (most typically used in popular culture franchises) and contains recently released and/or exclusive never before released original pop music selections, (some of which become high charting records on their own, which due to being released on another franchises title, peaked because of that) and

7425-400: The orchestral portion of the material from the album is the same as that used in the special (i.e., the vocals were sung live over a prerecorded track), this creates a similar technicality. Although the instrumental music bed from the CD will lock to picture, the vocal performances will not (although it is possible to create a complete soundtrack recording by lifting the vocal performances from

7524-410: The original film cast, but which had been edited or rearranged for time and content and would not lock to picture. In reality, however, soundtrack producers remain ambiguous about this distinction, and titles in which the music on the album does lock to picture may be labeled as OCS and music from an album that does not lock to picture may be referred to as OMPS. The phrase "recorded directly from

7623-525: The playback discs used on set, then copy and re-copy them from one disc to another adding transitions and cross-fades until the final master was created. Needless to say, it was several generations removed from the original and the sound quality suffered for it. The playback recordings were purposely recorded very dry (without reverberation); otherwise it would come across as too hollow sounding in large movie theatres. This made these albums sound flat and boxy. MGM Records called these "original cast albums" in

7722-554: The readers in a time of anxiety. The serialization started later that month on the Vogue website. Dunham directed and served as an executive producer on the first episode of HBO's Industry . That same year, she appeared in The Stand In directed by Jamie Babbit . In 2021, Dunham had a small role in Music , directed by Sia . She also served as an executive producer on Genera+ion ,

7821-644: The release of a book soundtrack by the same name. It was recorded in Utah, featuring artist Jenny Oaks Baker and William Arnold and was released in 2018. A soundtrack for J. R. R. Tolkien 's The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings was composed by Craig Russell for the San Luis Obispo Youth Symphony. Commissioned in 1995, it was finally put on disk in 2000 by the San Luis Obispo Symphony. For

7920-612: The series, as well as two Golden Globe Awards for Best Television Series – Musical or Comedy and Best Actress – Television Series Musical or Comedy . In February 2013, Dunham became the first woman to win a Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directing – Comedy Series for her work on Girls . Girls was renewed for a second season in April 2012, before the first season had finished airing. The first season finale drew over one million viewers. The second season of Girls continued to receive critical acclaim. David Wiegland of

8019-399: The soundtrack" was used for a while in the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s to differentiate material that would lock to picture from that which would not (excluding alternate masters and alternate vocals or solos). However, partly because many 'film takes' actually consisted of several different attempts at the song edited together, over time that term became nebulous as well. For example, in cases where

8118-411: The soundtrack. Like the 1967 rerelease of the film, this version of the score was artificially enhanced for stereo . In recent years, Rhino Records has released a 2-CD set of the complete Gone With the Wind score, restored to its original mono sound. One of the biggest-selling film scores of all time was John Williams ' music from the movie Star Wars . Many film score albums go out of print after

8217-443: The style of Decca Broadway show cast albums mostly because the material on the discs would not lock to picture, thereby creating the largest distinction between 'Original Motion Picture Soundtrack' which, in its strictest sense would contain music that would lock to picture if the home user would play one alongside the other and 'Original Cast Soundtrack' which in its strictest sense would refer to studio recordings of film music by

8316-601: The two smoke marijuana in the street. Encouraged by Charlotte's earlier advice to be spontaneous, Aura makes a move on Keith who, despite still being in a relationship, responds with passion. As Keith still lives with his girlfriend and Aura cannot bring him to her mother's apartment, the two crawl into a pipe in a construction yard where they have unprotected sex. Returning home, Aura fights with her mother but eventually apologizes. She later climbs into bed with her and tells her about her evening with Keith. Aura confesses to having read her diaries, though her mother calmly replies she

8415-501: Was MGM 's 1946 film biography of Show Boat composer Jerome Kern , Till the Clouds Roll By . The album was originally issued as a set of four 10-inch 78-rpm records. Only eight selections from the film were included in this first edition of the album. In order to fit the songs onto the record sides the musical material needed editing and manipulation. This was before tape existed, so the record producer needed to copy segments from

8514-458: Was also raised considerably when she was profiled by David Carr in The New York Times ; he was later credited with introducing her to Judd Apatow . Apatow watched Tiny Furniture , and was surprised Dunham had also written and directed the film. "I emailed her and told her I thought it was great", Apatow told The Hollywood Reporter . "It turned out she was in the middle of negotiating

8613-504: Was an obsessive Tiny Furniture fan: I got a copy of Tiny Furniture from [HBO president] Sue Naegle . Actually, [ New Girl creator] Liz Meriwether told me about it and said, 'Oh, there's this great movie. This girl, she's 23, she wrote, directed, and starred in it; she's in her underwear the whole time.' And I was like, 'I really don't want to see that.' And then she was like, 'Oh, trust me, it's great.' So Sue gave it to me just because she had it ... I used to, like, give out copies of

8712-520: Was at times as cruelly insightful and bleakly funny as Louie on FX or Curb Your Enthusiasm on HBO." James Poniewozik from Time reserved high praise for the series, calling it "raw, audacious, nuanced and richly, often excruciatingly funny". Despite the acclaim, the series also generated significant criticism over its lack of racial representation and Dunham's frequent on-screen nudity. The first season garnered Dunham four Emmy Award nominations for her roles in acting, writing, and directing

8811-453: Was born in New York City. Her father, Carroll Dunham , is a painter, and her mother, Laurie Simmons , is an artist and photographer, and a member of The Pictures Generation , known for her use of dolls and dollhouse furniture in her photographs of setup interior scenes. Her father is Protestant of mostly English ancestry; whereas her mother is Jewish . Dunham has described herself as feeling "very culturally Jewish, although that's

8910-427: Was in its first season, Girls may now be even spunkier, funnier, and riskier". The second season ran on HBO from January 2013 to March 2013, with third and fourth seasons subsequently being renewed. The third season of Girls premiered in January 2014 with over one million viewers. The following month, Dunham hosted an episode of Saturday Night Live with musical guest The National . In late 2012, Dunham signed

9009-576: Was included in the annual Time 100 list of the most influential people in the world . In 2014, Dunham released her first book, Not That Kind of Girl: A Young Woman Tells You What She's "Learned" . In 2015, along with Girls showrunner Jenni Konner , Dunham created the publication Lenny Letter , a feminist online newsletter. The publication ran for three years before its discontinuation in late 2018. Dunham briefly appeared in films such as Supporting Characters and This Is 40 (both 2012) and Happy Christmas (2014). She voiced Mary in

9108-430: Was issued by Warner Bros Records as a 2-LP set containing virtually all the dialogue from the film. RCA Victor also issued a double-album set what was virtually all the dialogue from the film soundtrack of A Man for All Seasons , Decca Records issued a double-album for Man of La Mancha and Disney Music Group (formerly Buena Vista Records) issued a similar double-album for its soundtrack for The Hobbit . When

9207-438: Was met with a mixed to negative response from critics upon its premiere. On the review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes , the first season holds a 28% approval rating, with an average rating of 5.1 out of 10 based on 32 reviews. The website's critical consensus reads, "The first season of Camping makes it difficult to determine who the least happy campers are: those on the screen or those watching it." Metacritic , which uses

9306-400: Was met with criticism regarding the all-white main cast in the otherwise culturally diverse setting of New York City . Though some pointed out that many Americans are friends with other people of the same race, and adding a "token" African-American or Asian-American friend would be "immature" to reality. Donald Glover guest starred as Sandy, a black Republican and Hannah's love interest, in

9405-474: Was prepared specifically for use in or at an event such as that described above. In the case of theme parks, actors may be ensconced in large costumes where their faces may be obscured. They mime along to a prerecorded music, effects and narration track that may sound as if it was lifted from a movie, or may sound as if it had been overly dramatized for effect. In the case of cruise ships, the small stage spaces do not allow for full orchestration, so that possibly

9504-431: Was published with an original soundtrack by Miklos Szilveszter, accessible through a QR code at the start of each chapter. In Japan , such examples of music inspired by a work and not intended to soundtrack a radio play or motion picture adaptation of it are known as an image album or image song , though this definition also includes such things as film score demos inspired by concept art and songs inspired by

9603-632: Was released in a limited release on September 23, 2022, by Amazon Studios , prior to streaming on Prime Video on October 7, 2022. In December 2023, Netflix announced that Too Much , a new series co-created, written, executive produced, and directed by Dunham, would enter production the following year in the United Kingdom . Dunham has appeared on several magazine covers, including Vogue , Elle , Marie Claire , Popular Mechanics , and Rolling Stone . After Dunham posed with bare legs for Glamour 's February 2017 cover, she praised

9702-508: Was shocked by the backlash and decided to take the video down: There were just pages of YouTube comments about how fat I was, or how not fat I was," Dunham said. "I didn't want you to Google me and the first thing you see is a debate about whether my breasts are misshapen." Pressures (2006), Open the Door (2007), Hooker on Campus (2007), and The Fountain (2007) were released as DVD extras with Tiny Furniture . In 2007, Dunham starred in

9801-478: Was teens duking it out on the Upper East Side and Sex and the City was women who [had] figured out work and friends and now want to nail romance and family life. There was this 'hole-in-between' space that hadn't really been addressed," she said. The pilot intentionally references Sex and the City as producers wanted to make it clear that the driving force behind Girls is that the characters were inspired by

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