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68-589: The Foundation series is set in the same universe as Asimov's first published novel, Pebble in the Sky , although Foundation takes place about 10,000 years later. Pebble in the Sky became the basis for the Galactic Empire series . Then, at some unknown date (prior to writing Foundation's Edge ) Asimov decided to merge the Foundation / Galactic Empire series with his Robot series . Thus, all three series are set in

136-478: A "Galactic Empire" within its story.) Asimov himself did not mention The End of Eternity in the series listing from Prelude to Foundation . As for Nemesis , it was written after Prelude to Foundation , but in the author's note Asimov explicitly states that the book is not part of the Foundation or Empire series, but that someday he might tie it to the others. In Forward the Foundation , Hari Seldon refers to

204-514: A "null field" that disorients humans, preventing anyone from approaching until the Vault itself allows them to. The exception is Salvor Hardin , the Warden and protector of Terminus, who possesses an inexplicable immunity to the field. The Star Bridge is a massive structure on Trantor that serves as a space elevator connecting the surface of the planet to a starship platform in geosynchronous orbit. Known as

272-517: A 20-thousand-year-old story of "a young woman that could communicate with an entire planet that circled a sun named Nemesis", a reference to Nemesis . In Nemesis , the main colony is one of the Fifty Settlements, a collection of orbital colonies that form a state. The Fifty Settlements possibly were the basis for the fifty Spacer worlds in the Robot stories. The implication at the end of Nemesis that

340-487: A device designed by Seldon, stores psychohistorical equations showing the future development of humanity. The Prime Radiant projects the equations onto walls in some unexplained manner, but it does not cast shadows, thus allowing workers easy interaction. As a tool of the Second Foundation, control operates through the power of the mind, allowing the user to zoom in to details of the equations, and to change them. The plan

408-424: A forty thousand word short novel for the magazine. The title was an adaption of Robert Browning 's Rabbi ben Ezra , the first few lines of which (starting "Grow old along with me! / The best is yet to be...") were included in the final novel. It was rejected by Startling Stories on the basis that the magazine's emphasis was more on adventure than science-heavy fiction (despite the editor inviting Asimov to write

476-513: A human, by gradually replacing his robotic components with synthetic organs, and citing the process as a transformation from robot to human. Succeeding generations of the Martin family assist him in his quest for humanity, but each is limited to what degree they are prepared to acknowledge Andrew's humanity. In The Positronic Man , the trends of fictional robotics in Asimov's Robot series (as outlined in

544-492: A place he does not recognize, and due to apparent changes in the spoken language that far into the future, he is unable to communicate with anyone. He wanders into a farm, and is taken in by the couple that lives there. They mistake him for a mentally deficient person, and they secretly offer him as a subject for an experimental procedure to increase his mental abilities. The procedure, which has killed several subjects, works in his case, and he finds that he can quickly learn to speak

612-435: A trusted friend, a confidant, and a member of the Martin family. The story is told from the perspective of Andrew (later known as Andrew Martin), an NDR-series robot owned by the Martin family, a departure from the usual practice by U.S. Robots and Mechanical Men of leasing robots. Andrew's initial experiences with the Martin family are replete with awkward moments which demonstrate his lack of socialization . However, he

680-556: Is Seldon's great work intended to achieve this goal, a huge work of mathematics that describes the pattern of events set in motion by Seldon's intervention and those of his successors; a plan that centres on the Foundation, but is far from Seldon's ostensible goal of setting up a repository of knowledge. The Time Vault , created and programmed by Seldon, is designed to open "at defining moments in galactic history", known as "Seldon Crises", and impart crucial knowledge through holographically recorded messages from Seldon. The Prime Radiant ,

748-400: Is accidentally pitched forward into the future. By then, Earth has become radioactive and is a low-status part of a vast Galactic Empire . There is both a mystery and a power-struggle, and a lot of debate and human choices. The protagonist is a very ordinary man, rather than the more typical space opera hero. This book takes place in the same universe as the Foundation series. Earth

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816-602: Is also in the same continuity; being referenced in Forward the Foundation , where Hari Seldon refers to a twenty-thousand-year-old story of "a young woman that could communicate with an entire planet that circled a sun named Nemesis". Commentators noted that Nemesis contains barely disguised references to the Spacers and their calendar system, the Galactic Empire, and even to Hari Seldon which seem to have been deliberately placed for

884-757: Is at odds with the chronology given in Asimov's later novels, in particular Foundation and Earth and The Caves of Steel . The latter novel indicates that the robot R. Daneel Olivaw was constructed some three thousand years after the founding of New York City . Foundation and Earth , in its concluding scene, establishes that Daneel survives into the Interregnum period, after the First Galactic Empire collapses. He gives his age as (roughly) twenty thousand years. The Galactic Era dating system, to which most of Asimov's Foundation Series adheres, places Foundation and Earth approximately twelve thousand years after

952-648: Is between Earth in the book and the historical situation of Judea under the Roman Empire , with the fanatics plotting rebellion against Trantor being modeled upon the Zealots who in 66 AD launched the First Jewish–Roman War which ended with destruction of the Jerusalem Temple, an event of Jewish history. This fits well in the general scheme of Trantor being the equivalent of Rome, and Trantor's later decline in

1020-492: Is described in Foundation's Edge as containing acres of equations, starting with Seldon's own work and extended in colour-coded addenda by Seldon's successors. A Visi-Sonor is a multi-keyed musical instrument that produces holographic visual effects as well as music. By incorporating his own mental ability to manipulate emotions, The Mule is able to use the instrument to brainwash others in Foundation and Empire (1952). In

1088-402: Is he declared a human being. This event takes place on the two-hundredth anniversary of his creation, hence the title of the novella and film. This story is set within Asimov's Foundation universe , which also includes his earlier Susan Calvin positronic robot tales. It is clearly set centuries prior to the events of his novelette " Mother Earth " and the novel The Caves of Steel , during

1156-456: Is initially possessed only by the Empire, the Foundation is able to reverse-engineer their own version using the captured warship Invictus . Called whisper-ships , these starships are able to jump without requiring a Spacer to navigate. In the series, The Vault has been sent to Terminus ahead of the colonists who establish the Foundation. The object, which hovers above the ground, is surrounded by

1224-457: Is left open that other refugees from Earth might have settled elsewhere in the universe. On June 17, 1951, the NBC radio network broadcast a much abbreviated radio dramatization of Pebble in the Sky in the science fiction anthology series Dimension X . In this much abbreviated version (only 25 minutes), the whole story of time travel was cut out with Bel and Pola being the main characters. The ending

1292-443: Is much better with inanimate objects and animals and begins to display sentient characteristics (such as creativity; emotion; self-awareness) traditionally the province of humans. He is taken off his mundane household duties, for which he was intended, and allowed to pursue his creativity, making a fortune by selling his creations. Andrew seeks legal protection stemming from his initial creative output and eventual full recognition as

1360-493: Is now sixty-two years old. The Earth is part of the Trantorian Galactic Empire, with a resident Procurator (who lives in a domed town in the high Himalayas ) and a Galactic military garrison , but in practice it is ruled by a group of Earth-centered "religious fanatics" who believe in the ultimate superiority of Earthlings. They have created a new, deadly supervirus that they plan to use to kill or subjugate

1428-597: Is part of the Empire of Trantor , later the setting for Hari Seldon 's invention of psychohistory . Asimov returned to the radioactive-Earth theme in The Stars, Like Dust ; The Currents of Space ; and Foundation and Earth . He would explore it most fully in Robots and Empire . Pebble in the Sky has been grouped along with The Stars, Like Dust and The Currents of Space as the so-called Galactic Empire series . However, these are only loosely connected, occurring between

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1496-467: The Foundation series had appeared from 1942 onwards in magazines, but Foundation was not published in book form until 1951. The original Foundation books are also a string of linked episodes, whereas this is a complete story involving a single group of characters. Pebble in the Sky was originally written in the summer of 1947 under the title "Grow Old with Me" for Startling Stories , whose editor Sam Merwin, Jr. had approached Asimov to write

1564-535: The "Author's Note" of Prelude to Foundation , the novels The End of Eternity (1955), Nemesis (1989), and The Positronic Man (1992) (written by Robert Silverberg) are related to the greater Foundation series. The End of Eternity is vaguely referenced in Foundation's Edge , where a Gaian character in Foundation and Earth mentions the Eternals, whose "task it was to choose a reality that would be most suitable to Humanity". ( The End of Eternity also refers to

1632-516: The "tether" or the "stalk", transit from the platform to the surface of the planet takes 14 hours. When the Star Bridge is severed by a terrorist attack in " The Emperor's Peace ", the bulk of it crashes to the surface and kills 100 million citizens. Trader and con man Hober Mallow possesses a castling device which allows two people of similar mass to switch places via a form of teleportation . Imperial General Bel Riose uses it to switch places with

1700-598: The Asimov estate announced the publication of a prequel to I, Robot under the working title Robots and Chaos , the first volume in a prequel trilogy featuring Susan Calvin by fantasy author Mickey Zucker Reichert . The first book was published in November 2011 under the title I, Robot: To Protect , followed by I, Robot: To Obey in 2013 and I, Robot: To Preserve in 2016. The following works are listed in chronological order by narrative: In Foundation (1951), famed mathematician and psychologist Hari Seldon has developed

1768-621: The Emperor clone Brother Day in the season two finale " Creation Myths ", resulting in Day being vented into space and killed. Asimov notes in "The Psychohistorians" that there are "nearly twenty-five million inhabited planets in the Galaxy". Pebble in the Sky Pebble in the Sky is a science fiction novel by American writer Isaac Asimov , published in 1950. This work is his first novel — parts of

1836-532: The Empire series. The Caliban trilogy describes the terraforming of the Spacer world Inferno, a planet where an ecological crisis forces the Spacers to abandon many long-cherished parts of their culture. Allen's novels echo the uncertainties that Asimov's later books express about the Three Laws of Robotics , and in particular the way a thoroughly roboticized culture can degrade human initiative. After Asimov's death and at

1904-450: The Foundation ; Foundation and Chaos (1998) is set at the same time as the first chapter of Foundation , filling in the background; Foundation's Triumph (1999) covers ground following the recording of the holographic messages to the Foundation, and ties together a number of loose ends. These books are now claimed by some to collectively be a " Second Foundation trilogy", although they are inserts into pre-existing prequels and some of

1972-467: The Foundation Series being the equivalent of Rome's decline centuries after the destruction of Jerusalem. Asimov's position in this ancient historical controversy is clear, with the fanatic rebels being the undoubted villains of the book. It is noteworthy that Joseph Schwartz – the man from the past who ultimately foils the fanatics' plot – is clearly Jewish, and his action in effect saves the people of

2040-406: The Second Foundation, using their mentalic powers against them. The 2021 Apple TV+ television series adaptation Foundation deviates substantially from Asimov's source work, and includes technological elements not featured by Asimov in the novels. Though cloning does not factor in Asimov's novels, the television series introduces a "Genetic Dynasty", surreptitiously administered for centuries by

2108-488: The book I, Robot ) are detailed as background events, with an indication that they are influenced by Andrew's story. No more robots in Andrew's line are developed. There is also a movement towards centralized processing, including centralized control of robots, which would avoid any more self-reflecting robots such as Andrew. Only when Andrew allows his positronic brain to "decay", thereby willfully abandoning his immortality,

Foundation universe - Misplaced Pages Continue

2176-480: The books in his list "were not written in the order in which (perhaps) they should be read". In the Author's Note , Asimov noted that there is room for a book between Robots and Empire and The Currents of Space , and that he could follow Foundation and Earth with additional volumes. Forward the Foundation , Nemesis , and The Positronic Man do not appear in Asimov's list, as they were not yet published at

2244-400: The books in his list "were not written in the order in which (perhaps) they should be read." The following works are listed in chronological order by narrative: Asimov's novels covered only 500 of the expected 1,000 years it would take for the Foundation to become a galactic empire. The novels that were written after Asimov did not continue the timeline but rather sought to fill in gaps in

2312-461: The cause is never really described. With large uninhabitable areas, it is a very poor planet, and anyone who is unable to work is legally required to be euthanized . The people of the Earth must also be executed when they reach the age of sixty, a procedure known as "The Sixty", with very few exceptions; mainly for people who have made significant contributions to society. That is a problem for Schwartz, who

2380-532: The current lingua franca . He also slowly realizes that the procedure has given him strong telepathic abilities, including the ability to project his thoughts to the point of killing or injuring a person. The Earth, at this time, is seen by the rest of the Galactic Empire as a rebellious planet — it has rebelled three times in the past — and the inhabitants are widely frowned upon and discriminated against. Earth also has several large radioactive areas, although

2448-419: The earlier Foundation storylines and not generally recognized as a new Trilogy. In an epilogue to Foundation's Triumph , Brin noted he could imagine himself or a different author writing another sequel to add to Foundation's Triumph , feeling that Hari Seldon's story was not yet necessarily finished. He later published a possible start of such a book on his website. More recently, the Asimov estate authorized

2516-419: The earlier stories. The Foundation universe was once again revisited in 1989's Foundation's Friends , a collection of short stories written by many prominent science fiction authors of that time. Orson Scott Card 's " The Originist " clarifies the founding of the Second Foundation shortly after Seldon's death; Harry Turtledove 's "Trantor Falls" tells of the efforts by the Second Foundation to survive during

2584-492: The era of the Spacers and the Foundation series, but not otherwise overlapping in time, location, or theme. In this work, unlike The End of Eternity , the time travel is one-way and uncontrolled. It is unlikely that the technologies are related, since, according to Andrew Harlan, the energy requirements for transporting a human with the Eternity's technology far exceed the capabilities of twentieth century Earth. One element of

2652-562: The event, and which had become distorted, due to the loss of much of their planetary history. This work is generally regarded as part of the Empire series, but does not directly mention either Trantor or the other Spacer worlds. One character is said to have a Visi-Sonor, the same musical instrument that is played by the clown Magnifico in Foundation and Empire . Asimov integrated the Robot series into his all-encompassing Foundation series , making

2720-399: The events of Pebble in the Sky . Adding up all the differences, Joseph Schwartz's time displacement ultimately transported him only some eleven millennia into the future. In Foundation , the Galactic Empire has existed for 12,000 years. Nuclear power is believed to have existed for 50,000 years, even though this is long after the era of Pebble in the Sky . The obvious historical analogy

2788-413: The few really mature and professional jobs available in book form [ in 1950 ]. . . . Asimov's characterization is good, his suspense is almost unbearable, and his handling of the theme of group prejudice is masterful." Galaxy Science Fiction ' s Floyd C. Gale told readers "Don't miss" it and the other Empire novels. Lester del Rey found the novel "a first-rate story." The 50,000-year estimate

Foundation universe - Misplaced Pages Continue

2856-514: The future Earth from re-enacting the great tragedy of Schwartz's own people. In Foundation and Earth , it is described that the Empire began a restoration of Earth, but that this was subsequently abandoned. There are also descendants of the old population at " Alpha ", a planet circling one of the suns of Alpha Centauri. They were settled there by the Empire, which intended to make a whole terraformed world, but which ultimately produced just one large island. Janov Pelorat stated that, if he understood

2924-715: The inhabitants of the off-Earth colonies are splitting off from Earthbound humans could also be connected to a similar implication about the Spacers in Mark W. Tiedemann 's Robot books. According to Alasdair Wilkins, in a discussion posted on Gizmodo, "Asimov absolutely loves weird, elliptical structures. All three of his non-robot/Foundation science fiction novels – The End of Eternity , The Gods Themselves , and Nemesis – leaned heavily on non-chronological narratives, and he does it with gusto in The Gods Themselves ." In The Robots of Dawn , Dr. Han Fastolfe briefly summarizes

2992-461: The latter as an experiment for the magazine), and again by John W. Campbell , Asimov's usual editor. In 1949, Doubleday editor Walter I. Bradbury accepted the story on the suggestion of Frederik Pohl , on the condition it was expanded to seventy thousand words and the title changed to something more science fiction oriented, and it was published in January 1950 as Pebble in the Sky . "Grow Old With Me"

3060-412: The legends of Alpha correctly, the start of the restoration attempt was right before a period of much larger problems for the Empire. Daneel explains that he had a role in attempting the restoration of Earth's soil and also settling humans at "Alpha", but achieved less than he had wanted. Whether he was personally involved in the actual events of Pebble in the Sky is not discussed, but strongly implied. It

3128-456: The new device that boosted Schwartz's mental powers, his daughter Pola Shekt, and visiting archaeologist Bel Arvardan , are captured by the rebels, but they escape with the help of Schwartz's new mental abilities, and they are narrowly able to stop the plan to release the virus. Schwartz uses his mental abilities to provoke a pilot from the Imperial garrison into bombing the site where the arsenal of

3196-508: The novel Psychohistorical Crisis , set in the Foundation universe after the start of the Second Empire. Novels by various authors ( Isaac Asimov's Robot City , Robots and Aliens and Robots in Time series) are loosely connected to the Robot series, but contain many inconsistencies with Asimov's books, and are not generally considered part of the Foundation series. In November 2009,

3264-505: The novel Asimov was particularly fond of was the inclusion of a scene of exposition conducted over the course of a game of chess between two of the characters. By recounting all the moves, Asimov reacted against the common tendency of novelistic portrayals of chess games to neglect the action on the board. The game that he chose to present was a victory by Grigory Levenfish (black) over Boris Verlinsky (white) in Moscow in 1924, one which gained

3332-519: The prequel novel Prelude to Foundation (1988), Eto Demerzel , the First Minister and chief advisor to Emperor Cleon I , is revealed to be the ancient sentient robot R. Daneel Olivaw from Asimov's Robot series , one of the last of his kind. The Mind Static device is introduced in Second Foundation . It is a tool developed by a group within the Foundation for use against the members of

3400-461: The publication of another trilogy of robot mysteries by Mark W. Tiedemann . These novels, which take place several years before Asimov's Robots and Empire , are Mirage (2000), Chimera (2001), and Aurora (2002). These were followed by yet another robot mystery, Alexander C. Irvine 's Have Robot, Will Travel (2004), set five years after the Tiedemann trilogy. In 2001, Donald Kingsbury published

3468-421: The purpose of later integration into the Foundation universe. The foreword to Prelude to Foundation contains the chronological ordering of Asimov's science fiction books. Asimov stated that the books of his Robot , Empire , and Foundation series "offer a kind of history of the future, which is, perhaps, not completely consistent, since I did not plan consistency, to begin with." Asimov also noted that

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3536-435: The regal Lady Demerzel , an expanded and gender-swapped version of the character from Prelude to Foundation and its sequel, Forward the Foundation (1993). In the series, the 12,000-year-old Empire is ruled by a revolving trio of Cleon I clones: Brother Day, a Cleon in his prime; Brother Dawn, a young Cleon being trained to succeed Brother Day; and Brother Dusk, a retired and aging Cleon who serves in an advisory role. In

3604-549: The request of Janet Asimov and the Asimov estate's representative, Ralph Vicinanza approached Gregory Benford and asked him to write another Foundation story. He eventually agreed, and with Vicinanza and after speaking "to several authors about [the] project", formed a plan for a trilogy with "two hard SF writers broadly influenced by Asimov and of unchallenged technical ability: Greg Bear and David Brin ." Foundation's Fear (1997) takes place chronologically between part one and part two of Asimov's second prequel novel, Forward

3672-420: The rest of the Empire, and to avenge themselves for the way their planet has been treated by the galaxy at large. Citizens of the Empire are unaware of Earth's lethal viruses, and mistakenly believe it is Earth's radioactive environment that causes the characteristic syndrome of "Radiation Fever," and that Earthlings pose the Empire no threat. Joseph Schwartz, along with Affret Shekt, the scientist who developed

3740-526: The robot R. Daneel Olivaw appear again twenty thousand years later in the age of the Galactic Empire, in sequels and prequels to the original Foundation trilogy; and in the final book of the Robots series, Robots and Empire , Asimov describes how the worlds that later formed the Empire were settled, and how Earth became radioactive (which was first mentioned in Pebble in the Sky ). The stand-alone novel Nemesis

3808-484: The robot is ultimately declared an official human being. The 1999 film Bicentennial Man , starring Robin Williams , was based both on the original story and the novel. In the twenty-first century the creation of the positronic brain leads to the development of robot laborers and revolutionizes life on Earth. Yet to the Martin family, their household robot NDR-113 is more than a mechanical servant. "Andrew" has become

3876-533: The sacking of Trantor, the imperial capital and Second Foundation's home; and George Zebrowski 's "Foundation's Conscience" is about the efforts of a historian to document Seldon's work following the rise of the Second Galactic Empire. Also, shortly before his death in 1992, Asimov approved an outline for three novels by Roger MacBride Allen , known as the Caliban trilogy, set between Robots and Empire and

3944-405: The same universe, giving them a combined length of 18 novels, and a total of about 1,500,000 words. The merge also created a time-span of the series of around 20,000 years. The Stars, Like Dust states explicitly that the Earth is radioactive because of a nuclear war. Asimov later explained that the in-universe reason for this perception was that it was formulated by Earthmen many centuries after

4012-416: The science of psychohistory , which uses sophisticated mathematics and statistical analysis to predict future trends on a galactic scale. He has predicted the unavoidable and relatively imminent fall of the Galactic Empire, and intends to establish the Foundation, "a repository of crucial, civilization-preserving knowledge" that will enable society to revive itself more quickly and efficiently. The Seldon Plan

4080-405: The short story collection Earth Is Room Enough , and again with the Empire series novels in 2002 as The Empire Novels . The book was adapted for radio by Ernest Kinoy for Dimension X as "Pebble in the Sky"; first broadcast in 1951 it was released as an audio download in 2007 by Radio Spirits , and again in 2011. The book begins with a retired tailor from the mid-20th century, who

4148-508: The story from " The Bicentennial Man " (1976), which was later expanded by Robert Silverberg into the novel The Positronic Man (1992). The foreword to Prelude to Foundation contains the chronological ordering of Asimov's science fiction books. Asimov stated that the books of his Robot , Galactic Empire , and Foundation series "offer a kind of history of the future, which is, perhaps, not completely consistent, since I did not plan consistency to begin with." Asimov also noted that

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4216-405: The super-virus exists. The book ends on a hopeful note — perhaps the Empire can be persuaded to restore the Earth and reintroduce uncontaminated soil. Boucher and McComas were disappointed by the novel, saying that despite Asimov's good ideas, "his heavy treatment and routine plot are disappointing. L. Sprague de Camp , however, recommended the novel highly, praising it as "excellent; one of

4284-537: The television series, an aura is depicted as a protective force shield technology forbidden to everyone except the Emperors, but in season two it is revealed that the Foundation also possesses the technology and has distributed it to their envoys. Jumpships are starships capable of faster-than-light travel, operated by Spacers , genetically engineered and cybernetically enhanced humans made capable of remaining conscious and functional during jumps. Though jump technology

4352-477: The time, and the order of the Empire novels in Asimov's list is not entirely consistent with other lists. For example, the 1983 Ballantine Books printing of The Robots of Dawn lists the Empire novels as: The Stars, Like Dust , The Currents of Space , and Pebble in the Sky . Given that The Currents of Space includes Trantor and that The Stars, Like Dust does not, these two books possibly were accidentally reversed in Asimov's list. While not mentioned in

4420-450: The victor a brilliancy-prize. While walking down the street in Chicago, Joseph Schwartz, a retired tailor, is the unwitting victim of a nearby nuclear laboratory accident, by means of which he is instantaneously transported tens of thousands of years into the future (50,000 years, by one character's estimate, a figure later retconned by future Asimov works as a "mistake"). He finds himself in

4488-828: Was later published in its original form along with other draft stories in The Alternate Asimovs in 1986. In Before the Golden Age , Asimov wrote that Pebble in the Sky was influenced by the short story " Proxima Centauri " by Murray Leinster . The book has been reprinted many times: in 1953 by Galaxy , in 1957 and 1964 by Bantam , in 1958 and 1982 by Corgi as the first British edition, in 1968 by Sidgwick & Jackson in hardcover, in 1969, 1972, 1974 (both paper and hard cover editions) and 1981 by Sphere Science Fiction , in 1971 and 1975 by Fawcett Books , in 1983 by Del Rey Books , in 1986 in hardcover by Grafton and in 1990 again by Doubleday in hardcover; in addition, it

4556-408: Was quite different, since the virus was released, leaving Earth alone as "a pebble in the sky". The Positronic Man The Positronic Man is a 1992 novel by American writers Isaac Asimov and Robert Silverberg , based on Asimov's 1976 novelette " The Bicentennial Man ". It is about a robot that begins to display characteristics, such as creativity, traditionally the province of humans;

4624-645: Was reprinted as part of the Empire series, in 1986 by Ballantine Books , in 1992 by Spectra and in 2010 by Orb Books , in both print and Kindle editions. Pebble in the Sky was also included in a number of omnibuses : first in 1952 in Triangle along with the others in the Empire series ( The Stars, Like Dust and The Currents of Space which had only been published earlier that year), in 1978 in The Far Ends of Time and Earth along with The End of Eternity and

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