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166-479: William Thomas Kinkade III (January 19, 1958 – April 6, 2012) was an American painter of popular realistic , pastoral , and idyllic subjects. He is notable for achieving success during his lifetime with the mass marketing of his work as printed reproductions and other licensed products by means of the Thomas Kinkade Company . According to Kinkade's company, one in every 20 American homes owned

332-407: A stade was a unit of measure—the length of a footrace; the buildings that housed these footraces were called stadia . Yankee Stadium was one of the first to be designed with the intent to be a multi-purpose facility. The field was initially surrounded by a (misshapen) 0.25-mile (0.40 km) running track, which effectively also served as a " warning track " for outfielders, the first in baseball,

498-661: A Winnie the Pooh figure at the Disneyland Hotel in Anaheim while saying, "This one's for you, Walt." In a letter to licensed gallery owners acknowledging he might have behaved badly during a stressful time when he overindulged in food and drink, Kinkade said accounts of the alcohol-related incidents included "exaggerated, and in some cases outright fabricated personal accusations". The letter did not address any incident specifically. In 2006, John Dandois, Media Arts Group executive, recounted

664-425: A "reality effect" to maintain its authenticity . Aesthetic realism, which was first called for by French filmmakers in the 1930s and promoted by Andre Bazin in the 1950s, acknowledges that a "film cannot be fixed to mean what it shows", as there are multiple realisms; as such, these filmmakers use location shooting, natural light and non-professional actors to ensure the viewer can make up her/his own choice based on

830-479: A 463 marker slightly farther to the left of the pair of double doors and a 433 marker was added between the 463 and 407 markers ostensibly to represent true straightaway center field (being roughly at the midpoint of the batter's-eye screen). From 1951 through 2007, Bob Sheppard was the public address announcer at Yankee Stadium. His distinctive voice (Yankee legend Reggie Jackson has called him "the Voice of God") and

996-519: A blacked-out batter's eye . A wall was built behind the bleachers blocking the views from Gerard Avenue and the elevated subway platform above River Avenue. On this wall, the Yankees erected the first instant replay display in baseball, referred to in literature as a "telescreen". All told, the Stadium was reduced to a listed capacity of 57,545. The Stadium's playing field was drastically altered. "Death Valley"

1162-498: A blue outline showing the location of the original Yankee Stadium diamond was interwoven into the grass, showing that second base on the new field is at the approximate location of home plate of the original diamond. Yankee Stadium was the first three-tiered sports facility in the United States and one of the first baseball venues to be given the lasting title of stadium . The word stadium deliberately evoked ancient Greece, where

1328-635: A catch-all term for art that was outside Impressionism and later movements of Modernism and also was not academic art . The later periods of the French Barbizon School and the Düsseldorf School of painting , with its students from many countries, and 20th-century American Regionalism are movements that are often also described as "naturalist", although the term is rarely used in British painting. Some recent art historians claimed either Courbet or

1494-502: A concert was just media speculation. The front office staff vacated the premises on January 23, 2009. Demolition began in March 2009 with the removal of the playing field. On May 13, 2009, the process of removing seats began and was completed on June 8. On September 3 and 4, the iconic white facade was dismantled. On November 4, 2009, construction workers began tearing down the outfield bleachers. On November 12, demolition work began on

1660-506: A copy of one of his paintings. Kinkade described himself as a "Painter of Light", a phrase he protected by trademark . Kinkade was criticized for some of his behavior and business practices; art critics faulted his work for being " kitsch ". Kinkade died of "acute intoxication" from alcohol and the drug diazepam at the age of 54. William Thomas Kinkade was born on January 19, 1958, in Sacramento County , California. He grew up in

1826-406: A corporation as Kinkade." Among such people, he is known more as a "mall artist" or a " chocolate box artist " than as a merited painter. Rabin later described Kinkade's paintings collectively as "a maudlin, sickeningly sentimental vision of a world where everything is as soothing as a warm cup of hot chocolate with marshmallows on a cold December day". In a 2001 interview, Kinkade said, "I am really

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1992-411: A debate, which was to last several centuries, as to the correct balance between drawing art from the observation of nature and from idealized forms, typically those found in classical models, or the work of other artists generally. Some admitted the importance of the natural, but many believed it should be idealized to various degrees to include only the beautiful. Leonardo da Vinci was one who championed

2158-514: A disparaging comment about Mee-Maw, and Catherine asks: "Mom, why would you want to paint Mee-Maw in such a negative light?" Selina answers, "Oh, Catherine, Thomas-fucking-Kinkade couldn't paint Mee-Maw in a positive light!" Bob Odenkirk references Thomas Kinkade on his 2014 comedy album Amateur Hour . On the track "The Kids", Odenkirk includes Kinkade's paintings in a litany of things he encourages his children to appreciate when in reality he wants them to reject when they are older. In June 2012,

2324-486: A feature now standard on all professional and major league fields. The left and right field bleacher sections were laid out roughly at a right angle to the third base stands, to be properly positioned for both track-and-field events and football. The large electronic scoreboard in right-center field, featuring both teams' lineups and scores of other baseball games, was the first of its kind. As Yankee Stadium owed its creation largely to Ruth, its design partially accommodated

2490-418: A few railway scenes, in painting until the later 19th century, when works began to be commissioned, typically by industrialists or for institutions in industrial cities, often on a large scale, and sometimes given a quasi-heroic treatment. American realism , a movement of the early 20th century, is one of many modern movements to use realism in this sense. The Realist movement began in the mid-19th century as

2656-503: A general attempt to depict subjects as they are considered to exist in third-person objective reality without embellishment or interpretation and "in accordance with secular, empirical rules." As such, the approach inherently implies a belief that such reality is ontologically independent of humankind's conceptual schemes, linguistic practices and beliefs and thus can be known to the artist, who can in turn represent this 'reality' faithfully. As Ian Watt states, modern realism "begins from

2822-526: A groundbreaking ceremony across the street in Macombs Dam Park . The Yankees played their final two seasons in the stadium in 2007 and 2008 while the new venue was being built. After the final game in Yankee Stadium's history was played on September 21, 2008, public tours of Yankee Stadium continued until November 23, 2008. November 9, 2008 was the last day the public tours included Monument Park and

2988-481: A lot of weird stuff." In June 2010, Kinkade was arrested in Carmel, California , for driving while under the influence of alcohol . He was later convicted. Kinkade was selected by a number of organizations to celebrate anniversaries, including Disneyland's 50th anniversary , Walt Disney World Resort 's 35th anniversary, Elvis Presley 's purchase of Graceland 50 years previously and the 25th anniversary of its opening to

3154-510: A mere 461 feet (141 m), behind the flagpole. As the monuments began to accumulate, the 461 sign was moved a few feet to the right. The deep right-center corner was 407, the right corner of the bleacher area was 367, and the right field line 296, with a 344 sign about halfway between them. A 457 sign was eventually added to left-center's "Death Valley", between the 402/415 pair and the 461. The 415 sign in deep left field appears in clips of Al Gionfriddo 's catch of Joe DiMaggio 's long drive in

3320-466: A month after Kinkade's death, Bob Odenkirk's brother, Bill Odenkirk, wrote a poem, "Lights Out", in acknowledgement of his passing. Realism (arts) In 19th-century Europe, "Naturalism" or the "Naturalist school" was somewhat artificially erected as a term representing a breakaway sub-movement of realism, that attempted (not wholly successfully) to distinguish itself from its parent by its avoidance of politics and social issues, and liked to proclaim

3486-485: A native Californian as well." At another point he says, "His name has a trademark — see?' and he would point to the subscript that appeared after his name." Mat Johnson 's 2011 novel Pym includes a parody of Kinkade named Thomas Karvel, "the Master of Light". A self-produced movie about Kinkade, Thomas Kinkade's Christmas Cottage , was released on DVD in late November 2008. The semi-autobiographical story examines

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3652-502: A new two-year contract with the Yankees in March 2008 but lacked the strength necessary to do the job and missed the entire 2008 season, including the 2008 All-Star Game , which was played at Yankee Stadium. He could not announce the final game at the old stadium in September 2008, but recorded a video address that was played during the pregame ceremonies and also recorded the lineups for the game. He officially announced his retirement after

3818-471: A patriotic excitement. Artist and Guggenheim Fellow Jeffrey Vallance has spoken about Kinkade's devout religious themes and their reception in the art world : This is another area that the contemporary art world has a hard time with, that I find interesting. He expresses what he believes and puts that in his art. That is not the trend in the high-art world at the moment, the idea that you can express things spiritually and be taken seriously ... It

3984-441: A player was replaced in the field, their replacement was also welcomed with a chant. In 2008, center fielder Melky Cabrera booted a routine grounder while attempting to wave to the fans. In its 86 years of existence, Yankee Stadium hosted 6,581 regular season home games for the Yankees. Only Fenway Park (Boston), Wrigley Field (Chicago), Sportsman's Park (St. Louis), and Tiger Stadium (Detroit) have hosted more games. Due to

4150-455: A prefab base provided by Kinkade." Kinkade reportedly designed and painted all of his works, which were then moved into the next stage of the process of mass-producing prints. It is assumed he created most of the original, conceptual work that he produced. However, he also employed a number of studio assistants to help create multiple prints of his famous oils. Thus while it is believed that Kinkade designed and painted all of his original paintings,

4316-785: A prelude for the popularity of scenes of work in genre painting in the 17th century, which appeared all over Europe, with Dutch Golden Age painting sprouting several different subgenres of such scenes, the Bamboccianti (though mostly from the Low Countries ) in Italy, and in Spain the genre of bodegones , and the introduction of unidealized peasants into history paintings by Jusepe de Ribera and Velázquez . The Le Nain brothers in France and many Flemish artists including Adriaen Brouwer and David Teniers

4482-498: A quasi-scientific basis, playing on the sense of "naturalist" as a student of natural history , as the biological sciences were then generally known. There have been various movements invoking realism in the other arts, such as the opera style of verismo , literary realism , theatrical realism and Italian neorealist cinema . When used as an adjective, "realistic" (usually related to visual appearance) distinguishes itself from "realist" art that concerns subject matter. Similarly,

4648-571: A range of weather conditions and degrees of natural light. After being another development of Early Netherlandish painting, 1600 European portraiture subjects were often idealized by smoothing features or giving them an artificial pose. Still life paintings and still life elements in other works played a considerable role in developing illusionistic painting, though in the Netherlandish tradition of flower painting they long lacked "realism", in that flowers from all seasons were typically used, either from

4814-541: A reaction to Romanticism and History painting . In favor of depictions of 'real' life, the Realist painters used common laborers, and ordinary people in ordinary surroundings engaged in real activities as subjects for their works. Its chief exponents were Gustave Courbet , Jean-François Millet , Honoré Daumier and Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot . According to Ross Finocchio, formerly of the Department of European Paintings at

4980-433: A sketching handbook. Two years later they produced a book, The Artist's Guide to Sketching , which was one of Guptill Publications' best-sellers that year. The success of the book resulted in both working for Ralph Bakshi Studios where they created background art for the 1983 animated feature movie Fire and Ice . While working on the movie, Kinkade began to explore the depiction of light and of imagined worlds. After

5146-491: A story that on one occasion six years previously, Kinkade became drunk at a Siegfried & Roy magic show in Las Vegas and began shouting " Codpiece ! Codpiece!" at the performers. Eventually he was calmed by his mother. Dandois also said of Kinkade, "Thom would be fine, he would be drinking, and then all of a sudden, you couldn't tell where the boundary was, and then he became very incoherent, and he would start cussing and doing

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5312-461: A style depicting the unidealized version of the subject, can be used in depicting any type of subject without commitment to treating the typical or every day. Despite the general idealism of classical art, this too had classical precedents, which came in useful when defending such treatments in the Renaissance and Baroque . Demetrius of Alopece was a 4th-century BCE sculptor whose work (all now lost)

5478-528: A total of 20,000 cubic yards (15,000 m ) of concrete used in the original structure. Yankee Stadium officially opened on Wednesday, April 18, 1923, with the Yankees' first home game, against the Boston Red Sox. According to the New York Evening Telegram , "everything smelled of ... fresh paint, fresh plaster and fresh grass". At 3 pm, the composer-conductor John Philip Sousa led

5644-595: A tradition at Yankee Stadium alongside '"Take Me Out to the Ballgame". Usually, a recording of "God Bless America" by Kate Smith was played, although sometimes there was a live performance by Irish tenor Ronan Tynan . For part of the 2005 season, the Yankees used a recording of Tynan, but the Smith version was reinstated due to fan complaints about the long duration of the Tynan version. The tradition of playing Smith's version continued in

5810-485: A variety of events and historic moments during its existence. Many of these moments were baseball-related, including World Series games, no-hitters , perfect games , and historic home runs, but the stadium also hosted boxing matches, the 1958 NFL Championship Game , college football, concerts, and three Papal Masses. Its condition deteriorated in the 1960s and 1970s, prompting its closure for renovation from October 1973 through 1975 . The renovation significantly altered

5976-478: Is a Conceptual artist . All he would have to do to solidify this position would be to make an announcement that the beliefs he has expounded are just Duchampian posturing to achieve his successes. But this will never happen. Kinkade earnestly believes in his faith in God and his personal agenda as an artist. Kinkade's production method has been described as "a semi-industrial process in which low-level apprentices embellish

6142-677: Is also attributed to William Dean Howells and Henry James who served as the spokesmen for realism as well as articulator of its aesthetic principles. The realistic approach to theater collapsed into nihilism and the absurd after World War II. Italian Neorealism was a cinematic movement incorporating elements of realism that developed in post-WWII Italy. Notable Neorealists included Vittorio De Sica , Luchino Visconti , and Roberto Rossellini . Realist films generally focus on social issues. There are two types of realism in film: seamless realism and aesthetic realism. Seamless realism tries to use narrative structures and film techniques to create

6308-428: Is also commonly derogatorily referred as "traditional bourgeois realism". Some writers of Victorian literature produced works of realism. The rigidities, conventions, and other limitations of "bourgeois realism" prompted in their turn the revolt later labeled as modernism ; starting around 1900, the driving motive of modernist literature was the criticism of the 19th-century bourgeois social order and world view, which

6474-455: Is always difficult to present serious religious ideas in an art context. That is why I like Kinkade. It is a difficult thing to do. Essayist Joan Didion is a representative critic of Kinkade's style: A Kinkade painting was typically rendered in slightly surreal pastels. It typically featured a cottage or a house of such insistent coziness as to seem actually sinister, suggestive of a trap designed to attract Hansel and Gretel . Every window

6640-483: Is based on " objective reality ." It focuses on showing everyday activities and life, primarily among the middle- or lower-class society, without romantic idealization or dramatization. According to Kornelije Kvas, "the realistic figuration and re-figuration of reality form logical constructs that are similar to our usual notion of reality, without violating the principle of three types of laws – those of natural sciences, psychological and social ones". It may be regarded as

6806-455: Is commonly recognized as having made great progress in the representation of anatomy. No original works on panels or walls by the great Greek painters survive, but from literary accounts and the surviving corpus of derivative works (mostly Graeco-Roman works in mosaic ), illusionism seems to be highly valued in painting. Pliny the Elder 's famous story of birds pecking at grapes painted by Zeuxis in

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6972-575: Is considered a realistic representation of the nobility although it included fantastical elements. Yankee Stadium (1923) The original Yankee Stadium was located in the Bronx in New York City . It was the home of the New York Yankees from 1923 to 2008 , except for 1974 – 1975 when it was renovated. It hosted 6,581 Yankees regular season home games during its 85-year history. It

7138-749: Is far older as demonstrated by the principles of dramatic forms such as the presentation of the physical world that closely matches reality. The achievement of realism in the theatre was to direct attention to the social and psychological problems of ordinary life. In its dramas, people emerge as victims of forces larger than themselves, as individuals confronted with a rapidly accelerating world. These pioneering playwrights present their characters as ordinary, impotent, and unable to arrive at answers to their predicaments. This type of art represents what we see with our human eyes. Anton Chekov , for instance, used camera works to reproduce an uninflected slice of life . Scholars such as Thomas Postlewait noted that throughout

7304-461: Is listed as a startup cost for franchisees. The Los Angeles Times reported that some of Kinkade's former colleagues, employees, and even collectors of his work said that he had a long history of cursing and heckling other artists and performers. The Times further reported that he openly fondled a woman's breasts at a South Bend, Indiana , sales event, and alleged his proclivity for ritual territory marking by urination, once relieving himself on

7470-541: Is really despicable." On June 2, 2010, Pacific Metro, the artist's production company, filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy , one day after defaulting on a $ 1 million court-imposed payment to the aforementioned Karen Hazlewood and Jeffrey Spinello. A $ 500,000 payment had been disbursed previously. From 1997 through 2005, court documents show at least 350 independently owned Kinkade franchises. By May 2005, that number had more than halved. Kinkade received $ 50 million during this period. An initial cash investment of $ 80,000 to $ 150,000

7636-498: Is specifically designed to look like a Babe Ruth model. As the most prominent feature on the stadium's exterior, recognizable even to first-time visitors, the bat was often used as a designated meeting spot for fans to meet their ticket holding friends before entering the stadium. The "Bat" continues to stand outside the Metro North Station , built in 2009. A 450-foot (140 m) long pedestrian walkway and its staircase meet at

7802-603: Is the subject of a semi-autobiographical movie released during 2008, Christmas Cottage . After two years of general education at Berkeley, Kinkade transferred to the Art Center College of Design in Pasadena. During June 1980, Kinkade spent a summer traveling across the United States with his college friend James Gurney . The two of them finished their journey in New York and secured a contract with Guptill Publications to produce

7968-463: Is to reproduce nature by carrying it to its maximum power and intensity: it is truth balanced with science". Émile Zola adopted the term with a similar scientific emphasis for his aims in the novel. Many Naturalist paintings covered a similar range of subject matter as that of Impressionism , but using tighter, more traditional brushwork styles. The term "continued to be used indiscriminately for various kinds of realism" for several decades, often as

8134-479: The 1947 World Series . That sign, and its 367 counterpart in right field, were both covered by auxiliary scoreboards during the 1949 season. Those boards displayed the current game inning-by-inning along with runs-hits-errors. When the stadium reopened in 1976, the distance in straight-away center field was 417 feet (127 m). The deepest part of the outfield was in left center at 430 feet (130 m). The most recent field dimensions were reached primarily by moving

8300-538: The 2002 World Series . He was also honored with the 2002 World Children's Center Humanitarian Award for his contributions to improving the welfare of children and their families through his work with Kolorful Kids and Art for Children. In 2003, Kinkade was chosen as a national spokesperson for the Make-A-Wish Foundation . In 2004, he was selected for a second time by the Christmas Pageant of Peace to paint

8466-541: The Boston Red Sox , by a score of 4–1, with Ruth hitting a three-run home run into the right-field stands. Asked later for his opinion of the stadium, he replied, "Some ball yard." Upon opening, Fred Lieb of the New York Evening Telegram dubbed it "The House That Ruth Built". The Yankees also won their first World Series during the Stadium's inaugural season . Future Yankee manager Casey Stengel hit

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8632-665: The Hebrew Orphan Asylum , at Amsterdam Avenue between 136th and 138th streets in Manhattan , nearly became reality. Consideration was also given to building atop railroad tracks on the West Side of Manhattan (an idea revived in 1998) and to Long Island City , in Queens . The area Huston and Ruppert settled on was a 10 acres (4.0 ha) lumberyard in the Bronx within walking distance from and in sight of, Coogan's Bluff . The Polo Grounds

8798-579: The Labours of the Months in late medieval art, of which many examples survive from books of hours , concentrate on peasants laboring on different tasks through the seasons, often in a rich landscape background, and were significant both in developing landscape art and the depiction of everyday working-class people. In the 16th century, there was a fashion for the depiction in large paintings of scenes of people working, especially in food markets and kitchens; in many,

8964-676: The Late Middle Ages , where some painted wooden sculptures in particular strayed into the grotesque in portraying Christ covered in wounds and blood, with the intention of stimulating the viewer to meditate on the suffering that Christ had undergone on their behalf. These were especially found in Germany and Central Europe. After abating in the Renaissance, similar works re-appeared in the Baroque , especially in Spanish sculpture. Renaissance theorists opened

9130-590: The Metropolitan Museum of Art , Realists used unprettified detail depicting the existence of ordinary contemporary life, coinciding with the contemporaneous naturalist literature of Émile Zola , Honoré de Balzac and Gustave Flaubert . The French Realist movement had equivalents in all other Western countries, developing somewhat later. In particular the Peredvizhniki or Wanderers group in Russia who formed in

9296-902: The National Christmas Tree in Washington, D.C. The painting, Symbols of Freedom , was the official image for the 2004 Pageant of Peace. In 2004, Kinkade received an award from NALED recognizing him as the Most Award Winning Artist in the Past 25 Years. In 2005, he was named the NALED Graphic Artist of the Year. He was also recognized for his philanthropic efforts by NALED with the Eugene Freedman Humanitarian Award. In Heath and Potter's 2004 book The Rebel Sell: Why

9462-521: The New Yankee Stadium in the 2009 World Series . The Stadium was the first facility in North America with three tiers, although the triple deck originally extended only to the left and right field corners. The concrete lower deck extended well into left field, with the obvious intention of extending the upper deck over it, which was accomplished during the 1926–27 off-season. As originally built,

9628-736: The New York Giants football team announced that it would leave Yankee Stadium for a new football-only stadium in the Meadowlands Sports Complex under development in New Jersey. In 1971, the city of New York forced (via eminent domain ) Rice to sell the stadium for a mere $ 2.5 million (equivalent to $ 18.8 million today). That December, after significant lobbying by Lindsay, the New York City Board of Estimate approved $ 24 million ($ 140 million in 2014 dollars) for

9794-599: The Points of Light Foundation , a nonprofit organization dedicated to engaging more people more effectively in volunteer service to help solve serious social problems, named Kinkade as "Ambassador of Light". He was the second person in the Foundation's 15-year history to be chosen as Ambassador, the first being the organization's founder, former U.S. President George H. W. Bush . During his Ambassador of Light Tour, Kinkade visited cities nationwide to increase awareness and raise money for

9960-477: The QVC home shopping network. Some academics expressed concerns about the implications of Kinkade's success in relation to Western perceptions of visual art: in 2009, Nathan Rabin of The A.V. Club wrote, "To his detractors, he represents the triumph of sub-mediocrity and the commercialization and homogenization of painting [...] perhaps no other painter has been as shameless or as successful at transforming himself into

10126-536: The September 11 attacks and their families in New York City , Pennsylvania , and Washington, D.C. More than $ 2 million was donated as a result of this affiliation. In 2003, Kinkade was chosen as a National Spokesman for the Make-A-Wish Foundation, and during the 20 Years of Light Tour in 2004, he raised more than $ 750,000 and granted 12 wishes for children with life-threatening medical conditions. In 2005,

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10292-455: The Seventh ("Silk-Stocking") Regiment Band in playing The Star-Spangled Banner . After a parade of the players and dignitaries, Babe Ruth was presented with a case containing a symbolically big bat. New York Governor Al Smith threw out the first pitch directly into the glove of catcher Wally Schang rather than the customary couple of feet wide. The Yankees went on to defeat Ruth's former team,

10458-463: The Yale Bowl through 1974 , Shea in 1975 , and the new Giants Stadium in 1976 ). When the renovated stadium opened in 1976 on April 15, the cost had ballooned to $ 160 million ($ 857 million in 2023 dollars); originally borne by New York City, it is now being paid off by New York State. The outside shell of the stadium remained the same, with its original concrete walls painted over. Among

10624-401: The new Yankee Stadium opened, the retired numbers, plaques, and monuments were moved into a new Monument Park in the new ballpark. One of the most distinguishing characteristics of Yankee Stadium was the façade , which consisted of a copper frieze that originally ran along the front of the roof of the triple-decked grandstand. The copper frieze developed a green patina over time until it

10790-497: The pitcher's mound pitching plate (rubber) and the surrounding dirt of both areas and transporting them to comparable areas of new Yankee Stadium. An official closing ceremony was reportedly discussed to occur in November 2008, but was scrapped when the organization decided the final event should be a baseball game. Yankee officials said that while the team had contemplated a final ceremony (with any proceeds going to charity), talk of

10956-467: The "bat". Beginning in the 1990s and after the first pitch was thrown at the top of the first inning, the " Bleacher Creatures " in Section 39, usually led by a man nicknamed Bald Vinny, began chanting the names of every player in the defensive lineup (except the pitcher and catcher, with some rare exceptions), starting with the center fielder. They did not stop chanting the player's name until he acknowledged

11122-468: The 15th century. In the 19th century, Realism art movement painters such as Gustave Courbet were not especially noted for fully precise and careful depiction of visual appearances; in Courbet's time that was more often a characteristic of academic painting , which very often depicted with great skill and care scenes that were contrived and artificial, or imagined historical scenes. Realism, or naturalism as

11288-400: The 1860s and organized exhibitions from 1871 included many realists such as Ilya Repin , Vasily Perov and Ivan Shishkin , and had a great influence on Russian art. In Britain, artists such as Hubert von Herkomer and Luke Fildes had great success with realist paintings dealing with social issues. Broadly defined as "the faithful representation of reality", Realism as a literary movement

11454-417: The 1920s and 1930s, the Yankees' popularity was such that crowds in excess of 80,000 were not uncommon. It was referred to as "the Yankee Stadium" (with the "s" in "stadium" sometimes lowercase) until the 1950s. Yankee Stadium underwent more extensive renovations from 1936 through 1938. The wooden bleachers were replaced with concrete, shrinking the "death valley" area of left and center substantially, although

11620-622: The 1960s and used them to create a politically oriented cinema. French filmmakers made some politically oriented realist films in the 1960s, such as the cinéma vérité and documentary films of Jean Rouch while in the 1950s and 1960s, British, French and German new waves of filmmaking produced "slice-of-life" films (e.g., kitchen sink dramas in the UK). Verismo was a post-Romantic operatic tradition associated with Italian composers such as Pietro Mascagni , Ruggero Leoncavallo , Umberto Giordano , Francesco Cilea and Giacomo Puccini . They sought to bring

11786-437: The 1974–1975 renovations, they were still relatively close to home plate and retained the "short porch" moniker, favoring future Yankee lefty sluggers such as Graig Nettles and Reggie Jackson . There is an urban legend that the stadium's field level was several feet below sea level, but that is easily disproven by observing how much higher the stadium site was (and is) than the level of the nearby Harlem River . The altitude of

11952-460: The 2009 season. Sheppard died in July 2010. Following Sheppard's death, Derek Jeter used Sheppard's recorded announcement for his at-bats at Yankee Stadium until the end of his career. The Hammond Organ was installed at Yankee Stadium in 1967 and was primarily played by Eddie Layton from its introduction until his retirement after the 2003 season. The playing of the organ has added to the character of

12118-520: The 5th century BC may well be a legend. As well as accuracy in shape, light, and color, Roman paintings show an unscientific but effective knowledge of representing distant objects smaller than closer ones and representing regular geometric forms such as the roof and walls of a room with perspective. This progress in illusionistic effects in no way meant a rejection of idealism; statues of Greek gods and heroes attempt to represent with accuracy idealized and beautiful forms, though other works, such as heads of

12284-465: The Creatures (usually with a wave or a point), who then moved on to the next player. Other names called out during roll call from time to time have included Yankee broadcasters John Sterling and Michael Kay or Aaron Boone , Bucky Dent and Babe Ruth when the Yankees hosted the rival Boston Red Sox. Sometimes, after a long rain delay, the Creatures started another Roll Call for comedic effect. Often when

12450-538: The Culture Can't Be Jammed , Kinkade's work is described as "so awful it must be seen to be believed". In Dana Spiotta 's 2011 novel Stone Arabia , the main character's boyfriend, an art teacher at a private school in Los Angeles, gives Kinkade pieces, which are described as "deeply hideous" and "kitschy", to others as gifts, explaining his rationale for this by saying, "Well, he is America's most successful artist. And

12616-450: The Elder and Younger painted peasants, but rarely townsfolk. In the 18th century, small paintings of working people remained popular, mostly drawing on the Dutch tradition and featuring women. Much art depicting ordinary people, especially in the form of prints , was comic and moralistic, but the mere poverty of the subjects seems relatively rarely to have been part of the moral message. From

12782-708: The Impressionists for the label. The development of increasingly accurate representations of the visual appearances of things has a long history in art. It includes elements such as the accurate depiction of the anatomy of humans and animals, the perspective and effects of distance, and the detailed effects of light and color. The art of the Upper Paleolithic in Europe achieved remarkably lifelike depictions of animals. Ancient Egyptian art developed conventions involving both stylization and idealization. Ancient Greek art

12948-544: The Mets' new home, Shea Stadium , had opened in Queens at a similar public cost.) By this time, it was obvious that the stadium had significant structural issues; concrete chunks were seen by several fans falling from the stands. Burke floated two proposals to build a new stadium on the same site in the Bronx; one included a dome. CBS also asked for 10,000 additional parking spaces and road improvements to alleviate traffic. In August 1971,

13114-762: The Points of Light Foundation and the Volunteer Center National Network , which serves more than 360 Points of Light member Volunteer Centers in communities across the country. Archbishop Mitty High School of San Jose dedicated the "Thomas Kinkade Center for the Arts" in 2003. Kinkade was reportedly a member of the Church of the Nazarene . Kinkade received many awards for his works, including multiple National Association of Limited Edition Dealers (NALED) awards for Artist of

13280-579: The Polo Grounds, outdrawing the Giants. By the middle of 1920, the Giants had issued an eviction notice to the Yankees, which was soon rescinded. In 1921, the Yankees won their first American League pennant (but lost the then-best-of-nine 1921 World Series to the Giants in eight games, all played at the Polo Grounds). This exacerbated Giants owner Charles Stoneham 's and manager John McGraw 's resentment of

13446-416: The Renaissance, such images continued in book illustrations and prints, with the exception of marine painting which largely disappeared in fine art until the early Industrial Revolution , scenes from which were painted by a few painters such as Joseph Wright of Derby and Philip James de Loutherbourg . Such subjects probably failed to sell very well, and there is a noticeable absence of industry, other than

13612-498: The U.S. and around the globe. In 2011, the Kinkade studio said that Kinkade was the most collected artist in Asia but received no income from those regions because of widespread forgery. Kinkade's works are sold by mail order and in dedicated retail outlets. Some of the prints also feature light effects that are painted onto the print surface by hand by "skilled craftsmen," touches that add to

13778-448: The Yankee bullpen to left-center from right and making a few other changes so as to bring the left-center field wall in. The 1973-era left-center field wall locations could still be seen in 1976, as this is where the outfield bleacher seats began. The following is a partial list of the stadium's dimensions throughout the years: After a mid-1960s remodeling, the 461 marker was replaced by

13944-629: The Yankees and reinforced their insistence that the Yankees find another place to play their home games. McGraw, always ready with a pointed quote for the sportswriters, derisively suggested that the Yankees relocate "to Queens or some other out-of-the-way place". Tillinghast L'Hommedieu Huston and Jacob Ruppert , the Yankees' owners since January 1915, finally decided to put the club's dream into reality and build their own stadium. The owners did so at considerable financial risk and speculation. Baseball teams typically played in 30,000-seat facilities, but Huston and Ruppert invoked Ruth's name when asked how

14110-474: The Yankees could justify a ballpark with 60,000 seats. The doubt over the Yankees' lasting power was amplified by baseball's sagging popularity after the 1919 Black Sox Scandal , in which eight Chicago White Sox players were expelled for conspiring with gamblers to fix that year's World Series . Many people also felt three baseball teams could not prosper in New York City, but Huston and Ruppert were confident

14276-458: The Yankees could thrive amongst the more established New York Giants and Brooklyn Dodgers of the National League (their gamble eventually paid off: Both National League teams relocated to California following the 1957 season). The total bill for construction of the stadium was $ 2.5 million. Huston and Ruppert explored many areas for Yankee Stadium. Of the other sites being considered,

14442-552: The Year and Graphic Artist of the Year, and his art was named Lithograph of the Year nine times. In 2002, Kinkade was inducted into the California Tourism Hall of Fame as an individual who had influenced the public's perception of tourism in California through his images of California sights. He was selected along with fellow artists Simon Bull and Howard Behrens to commemorate the 2002 Salt Lake City Winter Olympics and

14608-519: The accusations, and Media Arts Group had defended itself successfully in previous suits by other former gallery owners. Kinkade himself was not singled out in the finding of fraud by the arbitration board. In August 2006, the Los Angeles Times reported that the FBI was investigating these issues, with agents from offices across the country conducting interviews. Former gallery dealers also charged that

14774-422: The appearance of the venue and reduced the distance of the outfield fences. In 2006, the Yankees began building a new $ 2.3 billion stadium in public parkland adjacent to the stadium, which included $ 1.2 billion in public subsidies. The design includes a replica of the frieze along the roof that had been part of the original Yankee Stadium. Monument Park , a Hall of Fame for prominent former Yankees,

14940-554: The area was still much deeper than in most ballparks; and the second and third decks were extended to short right center. Runways were left between the bleachers and the triple-deck on each end, serving as bullpens. By 1938, the Stadium had assumed the "classic" shape that it would retain for the next 35 years. In April 1945, Yankees president Larry MacPhail announced that after the War , the Yankees would install an additional tier of bleachers to increase stadium capacity to 100,000. In addition to

15106-643: The arts, including the Make-a-Wish Foundation , World Vision , Art for Children Charities, and the Salvation Army . During 2002, he partnered with the Salvation Army to create two charity prints, The Season of Giving and The Light of Freedom . Proceeds from the sale of the prints were donated to the Salvation Army for their relief efforts at the World Trade Center site and to aid the victims of

15272-530: The bleachers, he also planned to add 2,000 additional box-seats by lowering the field and shortening the distance from the backstop to home-plate from 82 to 60 feet (25 to 18 m). However, the plans fell through and the expansion did not take place. Many sources incorrectly state that prior to the 1955 season , Yankee Stadium's Ballantine Beer scoreboard was sold to the Phillies for use in Shibe Park . Although

15438-433: The box seats had been chiseled away in the left field corner, allowing a somewhat longer foul line distance of 301 feet (92 m). The seating curved away sharply and the far corner of the lower left stand was 402 feet (123 m) away. The large wooden bleachers remained well out of reach to most batters hitting toward left and center fields. In 1928 the deep left-center field corner was marked as 490 feet (150 m), with

15604-645: The city to renovate Yankee Stadium. The figure included $ 3.5 million for the purchase of the stadium and the 8-acre (3.2 ha) piece of land from Rice University and the Knights of Columbus . At the time, New York City was on the brink of bankruptcy. In January 1973 , CBS sold the Yankees to a group led by George Steinbrenner for $ 10 million. Yankee Stadium closed for renovation on September 30, 1973. The Yankees played their home games in 1974 and 1975 at Shea Stadium (The NFL Giants played their last Yankee Stadium game on September 23 (a tie), then went to

15770-451: The company used Christianity to take advantage of people. "They really knew how to bait the hook," said one ex-dealer who spoke on condition of anonymity. "They certainly used the Christian hook." One former dealer's lawyer stated, "Most of my clients got involved with Kinkade because it was presented as a religious opportunity. Being defrauded is awful enough, but doing it in the name of God

15936-520: The contrast between the relative "classical-idealism" of the Carracci and the "naturalist" style of the Caravaggisti , or followers of Caravaggio , who painted religious scenes as though set in the back streets of contemporary Italian cities and used "naturalist" as a self-description. Bellori , writing some decades after Caravaggio's early death and no supporter of his style, refers to "Those who glory in

16102-481: The crowd, hiding among them the figures of Norman Rockwell and Dale Earnhardt . He also painted the farewell portrait for Yankee Stadium . Concerning the Indianapolis Motor Speedway painting, Kinkade said: The passion I have is to capture memories, to evoke the emotional connection we have to an experience. I came out here and stood up on the bleachers and looked around, and I saw all the elements of

16268-453: The deep right-center field corner 429. The "straightaway" right field distance (at an exit gate) was marked 350 and the right field foul line 295. The right field area would remain the only hitter-friendly portion of the outfield before its 1970s remodeling. When the wooden bleachers were replaced by a concrete structure in the 1930s, its left corner (now aligned with the main stand) was marked as 415 feet (126 m). Deep left center shrank to

16434-565: The early 15th century and gradually spread across Europe, with accuracy in anatomy rediscovered under the influence of classical art. As in classical times, idealism remained the norm. The accurate depiction of landscape in painting had also been developing in Early Netherlandish/Early Northern Renaissance and Italian Renaissance painting and was then brought to a very high level in 17th-century Dutch Golden Age painting , with very subtle techniques for depicting

16600-634: The elite. In the West, classical standards of illusionism did not begin to be reached again until the Late medieval and Early Renaissance periods and were helped first in the Netherlands in the early 15th century, and around the 1470s in Italy by the development of new techniques of oil painting which allowed very subtle and precise effects of light to be painted using several layers of paint and glaze. Scientific methods of representing perspective were developed in Italy in

16766-401: The famously ugly Socrates , were allowed to fall below these ideal standards of beauty. Roman portraiture , when not under too much Greek influence, shows a greater commitment to a truthful depiction of its subjects, called verism . The art of Late Antiquity famously rejected illusionism for expressive force, a change already well underway by the time Christianity began to affect the art of

16932-412: The field level grandstand. By the end of November, most of the grandstand and bleachers at field level were gone. By the first week of December, demolition of the midlevel loge seats had begun. By January 2010, the loge level was gone and demolition began on the left field escalator bank adjacent to Gate 2. In February 2010, demolition work began on the upper deck and the outfield wall; the final part of

17098-444: The film, rather than being manipulated into a "preferred reading". Siegfried Kracauer is also notable for arguing that realism is the most important function of cinema. Aesthetically realist filmmakers use long shots , deep focus and eye-level 90-degree shots to reduce manipulation of what the viewer sees. Italian neorealism filmmakers from after WWII took the existing realist film approaches from France and Italy that emerged in

17264-610: The first post-season home run in stadium history while playing with the opposing New York Giants . The only other teams to do so prior to the 2006 St. Louis Cardinals in (the new) Busch Stadium had been the Pittsburgh Pirates , who won the 1909 World Series in Forbes Field 's inaugural season, and the Boston Red Sox , who won the 1912 World Series in Fenway Park 's first year. The Yankees accomplished this feat yet again in

17430-423: The food is given as much prominence as the workers. Artists included Pieter Aertsen and his nephew Joachim Beuckelaer in the Netherlands, working in an essentially Mannerist style, and in Italy the young Annibale Carracci in the 1580s, using an unpolished style, with Bartolomeo Passerotti somewhere between the two. Pieter Bruegel the Elder pioneered large panoramic scenes of peasant life. Such scenes acted as

17596-403: The gallery. The award was later increased to $ 2.8 million with interest and legal fees. The plaintiffs and other former gallery owners also made accusations of being pressured to open additional galleries that were not viable financially, being forced to accept expensive, unsalable inventory , and being undersold by discount outlets the prices of which they were not allowed to match. Kinkade denied

17762-440: The game's left-handed-hitting slugger. Initially the fence was 295 feet (90 m) from home plate down the right-field line, referred to as the "short porch" and 350 feet (110 m) to near right field, compared with 490 feet (150 m) to the deepest part of center field, nicknamed "Death Valley". The right-field bleachers were appropriately nicknamed "Ruthville". Although the right field fences were eventually pushed back after

17928-413: The habit of assembling compositions from individual drawings or as a deliberate convention; the large displays of bouquets in vases were atypical of 17th-century habits; the flowers were displayed one at a time. The depiction of ordinary, everyday subjects in art also has a long history, though it was often squeezed into the edges of compositions or shown at a smaller scale. This was partly because art

18094-461: The illusion of light and the resemblance to an original work of art, and which are then sold at greater prices. Licensing with Hallmark and other corporations has made it possible for Kinkade's images to be used extensively for other merchandise such as calendars , jigsaw puzzles , greeting cards , and CDs . By December 2009, his images also appeared on Walmart gift cards. Kinkade was reported to have earned $ 53 million for his artistic work during

18260-566: The international construction company Taylor Woodrow . Salon's Janelle Brown visited the community and found it to be "the exact opposite of the Kinkadeian ideal. Instead of quaint cottages, there's generic tract housing; instead of lush landscapes, concrete patios; instead of a cozy village, there's a bland collection of homes with nothing—not a church, not a cafe, not even a town square—to draw them together." Kinkade donated to non-profit organizations concerned with children, humanitarian relief, and

18426-489: The land under the ballpark to the Knights of Columbus for $ 2 million ($ 17,746,517 in 2016 dollars). After he purchased the Philadelphia Athletics and transferred the franchise to Kansas City on November 8 , 1954, Johnson sold Yankee Stadium to John W. Cox on March 22 , 1955. Cox, a 1927 graduate of Rice University , donated the ballpark to his alma mater on July 19 , 1962. In the 1966–67 offseason, during

18592-446: The mid-19th century onwards, the difficulties of life for the poor were emphasized. Despite this trend coinciding with large-scale migration from the countryside to cities in most of Europe, painters still tended to paint poor rural people. Crowded city street scenes were popular with the Impressionists and related painters, especially ones showing Paris. Medieval manuscript illuminators were often asked to illustrate technology, but after

18758-471: The middle name "Christian"), Kinkade believed he gained his inspiration from his religious beliefs and that his work was intended to include a moral dimension. Many pictures include specific chapter-and-verse allusions to Bible passages. In 2009, he painted a portrait of the Indianapolis Motor Speedway for the cover of that year's Indianapolis 500 race program that included details of

18924-518: The more noticeable changes after the renovation was the removal of 118 columns reinforcing each tier of the stadium's grandstand. The stadium's roof, including its distinctive 15 feet (4.6 m) metal frieze , was replaced by the new upper shell and new lights were added. A white painted concrete replica of the frieze was added atop the wall encircling the bleachers. The playing field was lowered by about 7 feet (2.1 m) and moved outward slightly. Escalators and ramps were added in three sections to make

19090-437: The most controversial artist in the world." Kinkade's company, Media Arts Group Inc., was accused of unfair dealings with owners of Thomas Kinkade Signature Gallery franchises . In 2006, an arbitration board awarded Karen Hazlewood and Jeffrey Spinello $ 860,000 in damages and $ 1.2 million in fees and expenses due to Kinkade's company "[failing] to disclose material information" that would have discouraged them from investing in

19256-472: The motivation and inspiration behind his most popular painting, The Christmas Cottage. Jared Padalecki plays Kinkade and Marcia Gay Harden plays his mother. Peter O'Toole plays young Kinkade's mentor , who tells him, "Paint the light, Thomas! Paint the light! ." In "Mother", a fifth season episode of the TV series Veep , Selina Meyer discusses her mother, Mee-Maw, with her daughter, Catherine. Selina makes

19422-519: The movie, Kinkade worked as a painter, selling his originals in galleries throughout California. Recurring features of Kinkade's paintings are their pastel colors and brilliant illumination of the scene. Rendered with idealistic values of American scene painting , his works often portray bucolic and idyllic settings, such as gardens, streams, stone cottages, lighthouses and Main Streets . His hometown of Placerville (where his works are much displayed)

19588-548: The name of naturalists" ( naturalisti ). During the 19th century, naturalism developed as a broadly defined movement in European art, though it lacked the political underpinnings that motivated realist artists. The originator of the term was the French art critic Jules-Antoine Castagnary , who in 1863 announced that: "The naturalist school declares that art is the expression of life under all phases and on all levels, and that its sole aim

19754-482: The national anthem has rarely been performed by the organists, opting for military recordings of the Star Spangled Banner. In 2005, a new Hammond Elegante was installed replacing the original Hammond Colonnade. One of the most famous traditions for Yankee Stadium was playing Frank Sinatra 's version of the " Theme from New York, New York " over the loudspeakers after every home win, since 1980. Sinatra's version

19920-415: The naturalism of influential late 19th-century writers such as Émile Zola , Gustave Flaubert and Henrik Ibsen into opera. This new style presented true-to-life drama that featured gritty and flawed lower-class protagonists while some described it as a heightened portrayal of a realistic event. Although an account considered Giuseppe Verdi 's Luisa Miller and La traviata as the first stirrings of

20086-411: The new Stadium. The YES Network uses the frieze in its graphics. It was incorporated into the logo for the 2008 All-Star Game held at the Stadium. It is also used around the main grandstand at the team's spring training facility , which has the post-reconstruction dimensions. During its 87-year existence, Yankee Stadium's dimensions were changed several times. The many photographs taken throughout

20252-400: The new stadium until April 2019, when accusations surfaced that some of her other songs contained racist lyrics. For the final game at Yankee Stadium, Tynan performed "God Bless America" live, including the rarely heard introduction to the song (which Tynan included every time he performed the song at a Yankees game). Currently, "God Bless America" is played on the organ at the new stadium during

20418-436: The nineteenth and twentieth centuries, there were numerous joining of melodramatic and realistic forms and functions, which could be demonstrated in the way melodramatic elements existed in realistic forms and vice versa. In the United States, realism in drama preceded fictional realism by about two decades as theater historians identified the first impetus toward realism during the late 1870s and early 1880s. Its development

20584-564: The old ballpark's site is 55 feet (17 m) above sea level. Monument Park was an open-air museum that contained the Yankees' retired numbers, as well as a collection of monuments and plaques honoring distinguished members of the New York Yankees. It was located beyond the left-center field fences, near the bullpens. The origins of Monument Park can be traced to the original three monuments of Lou Gehrig , Miller Huggins and Babe Ruth that once used to stand in-play in center field. Over

20750-408: The ones collectors were likely to own were printed factory-like and touched up with manual brush strokes by someone other than Kinkade. Kinkade is reportedly one of the most counterfeited artists, in large part because of advances in affordable, high resolution digital photography and printing technology. Additionally, mass-produced hand-painted fakes from countries such as China and Thailand abound in

20916-452: The original stadium "Yankee Stadium I" and the renovated stadium "Yankee Stadium II". On April 13, 1998, an 18-inch (46 cm) long beam fell onto a seat before a scheduled game causing the postponement of two games and the relocation of a third to nearby Shea Stadium while the stadium was inspected. After years of speculation that the Yankees would build a new stadium to replace Yankee Stadium, construction began on August 16, 2006, with

21082-480: The outfield wall (the Continental Airlines ad, the out-of-town scoreboard and the remaining part of the advertising panel to its right) was taken down February 24, 2010. By March 25, the entire upper deck was taken down. Following an unsuccessful attempt to save Gate 2 (the only portion of the original Yankee Stadium that mostly remained unaltered after the venue's renovation), demolition of the outer walls of

21248-685: The painting of portraits as low down the social scale as the prosperous merchants of Flanders , and some of these, notably the Arnolfini Portrait by Jan van Eyck (1434) and more often in religious scenes such as the Merode Altarpiece by Robert Campin and his workshop (circa 1427), include very detailed depictions of middle-class interiors full of lovingly depicted objects. However, these objects are at least largely there because they carry layers of complex significance and symbolism that undercut any commitment to realism for its own sake. Cycles of

21414-405: The paintings themselves it is obvious that they are technically competent. Kinkade's genius, however, is in his capacity to identify and fulfill the needs and desires of his target audience—he cites his mother as a key influence and archetypal audience — and to couple this with savvy marketing ... If Kinkade's art is principally about ideas, and I think it is, it could be suggested that he

21580-433: The park as if its construction was already in progress. The Kingsbridge pipe dream continued with new owners Ruppert and Huston, but nothing came of it. The Yankees would remain tenants at the Polo Grounds for ten years, the same length of time they had spent at Hilltop Park . For the 1920 season, the Yankees acquired star slugger Babe Ruth and in his first year with his new team, the Yankees drew 1.3 million fans to

21746-501: The period 1997 to May 2005. About 2000, there was a national network of several hundred Thomas Kinkade Signature Galleries; however, they began to falter during the late-2000s recession . During June 2010, his Morgan Hill, California , manufacturing operation that reproduced the art filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection, listing nearly $ 6.2 million in creditors' claims. The company, Pacific Metro, planned to reduce its costs by outsourcing much of its manufacturing. Although Kinkade

21912-400: The period in which Rice owned the stadium, the concrete exterior was painted white, and the interior was painted blue. The metal frieze circling the upper deck was painted white. In 1970, newly reelected Mayor John Lindsay approached team president Michael Burke of CBS , which owned the Yankees, with an offer to spend $ 25 million on improvements to Yankee Stadium. (Six years earlier,

22078-451: The playing of Queen 's " We Are the Champions " followed by Frank Sinatra's "New York, New York". Outside the stadium's main entrance gate stands a 138-foot (42 m) tall exhaust pipe in the shape of a baseball bat, complete with tape at the handle that frays off at the end. It is sponsored by Hillerich & Bradsby , makers of the famous Louisville Slugger line of baseball bats, which

22244-536: The position that truth can be discovered by the individual through the senses" and as such, "it has its origins in Descartes and Locke , and received its first full formulation by Thomas Reid in the middle of the eighteenth century." While the preceding Romantic era was also a reaction against the values of the Industrial Revolution , realism was in its turn a reaction to Romanticism, and for this reason it

22410-486: The public, and Yankee Stadium's farewell 85th season in 2008. Kinkade also paid tribute to Fenway Park . Kinkade was the artist chosen to depict the historic Biltmore House ; he also created the commemorative portrait of the 50th running of the Daytona 500 during 2008. In 2001, Media Arts unveiled "The Village at Hiddenbrooke," a Kinkade-themed community of homes, built outside of Vallejo, California , in partnership with

22576-414: The pure study of nature and wished to depict the whole range of individual varieties of forms in the human figure and other things. Leon Battista Alberti was an early idealizer, stressing the typical, with others such as Michelangelo supporting the selection of the most beautiful – he refused to make portraits for that reason. In the 17th century, the debate continued. In Italy, it usually centered on

22742-507: The retired number area. On November 12, 2008, construction workers began removing memorials from Monument Park for relocation to the new facility. On November 8, 2008, former Yankees Scott Brosius , Paul O'Neill , David Cone and Jeff Nelson , all members of the 1998 World Series championship team , joined 60 children from two Bronx based youth groups Youth Force 2020 and the ACE Mentor Program in ceremoniously digging up home plate ,

22908-499: The seventh-inning stretch. When the Yankees scored a run, a version of the Westminster chime played as the last player to score in the at-bat gets to home plate. The version of the chime is the beginning of "Workaholic" by the music group 2 Unlimited . When the Yankees' closer Mariano Rivera entered a game, he was accompanied by Metallica 's " Enter Sandman ". Since 1996 , the Yankees' World Series championships were celebrated with

23074-490: The stadium began on March 29. Demolition of the original Yankee Stadium was completed on May 13, 2010. A 10-acre (40,000 m ) park complex called Heritage Field was constructed on the old stadium site, accounting for 40% of the original parkland that is now occupied by the new Stadium. The groundbreaking ceremony for Heritage Field took place on June 29, 2010. Heritage Field was officially opened in April 2012. At its opening,

23240-410: The stadium for many years, playing before games, introducing players, during the national anthem and the rendition of " Take me out to the ball game " during the seventh-inning stretch . After Layton's retirement, he got to pick his replacement, Paul Cartier. In recent years, the use of the organ has been decreased in favor of recorded music between innings and introducing players. Since the 2004 season,

23406-441: The stadium seated 58,000. For the stadium's first game, the announced attendance was 74,217 (with another 25,000 turned away); however, Yankees business manager Ed Barrow later admitted that the actual attendance was closer to 60,000. Regardless of what the figure was, it was undoubtedly more than the 42,000 fans who attended game five of the 1916 World Series at Braves Field , baseball's previous attendance record. However, during

23572-448: The stadium's history serve as references, especially as the Yankees were among the first to post distance markers on the outfield walls, doing so beginning in 1928. In its 1923 incarnation, the right and left field foul lines hit the box seat railings at a distance of only about 257 feet from home plate. This did not pose too much of a problem for pitchers, as the seating angled away sharply, especially in left field. The right field corner

23738-496: The term "illusionistic" might be used when referring to the accurate rendering of visual appearances in a composition. In painting, naturalism is the precise, detailed and accurate representation in art of the appearance of scenes and objects. It is also called mimesis or illusionism and became especially marked in European painting in the Early Netherlandish painting of Robert Campin , Jan van Eyck and other artists in

23904-557: The town of Placerville , graduated from El Dorado High School in 1976, and attended the University of California, Berkeley , and Art Center College of Design in Pasadena . Some of the people who mentored and taught Kinkade prior to college were Charles Bell and Glenn Wessels . Wessels encouraged Kinkade to go to the University of California at Berkeley. Kinkade's relationship with Wessels

24070-558: The track. It was empty at the time. But I saw the stadium, how the track laid out, the horizon, the skyline of Indianapolis and the Pagoda. I saw it all in my imagination. I began thinking, 'I want to get this energy — what I call the excitement of the moment — into this painting.' As I began working on it, I thought, 'Well you have this big piece of asphalt, the huge spectator stands; I've got to do something to get some movement.' So I just started throwing flags into it. It gives it kind of

24236-603: The tragedy of the forced dispersal of Yosemite 's Sierra Miwok Indians during the Gold Rush , by including an imaginary Miwok camp as what he calls "an affirmation that man has his place, even in a setting touched by God's glory." Mike McGee, director of the CSUF Grand Central Art Center at California State University, Fullerton , wrote of the Thomas Kinkade Heaven on Earth exhibition: Looking just at

24402-532: The two scoreboards possessed some superficial resemblances, they differed in many details and the Yankee Stadium scoreboard remained at Yankee Stadium until 1959 when it was replaced, two years after a different Ballantine scoreboard was installed at Shibe (by then renamed Connie Mack Stadium). The stadium was owned by the Yankees until December 17 , 1953 when the ballclub's co-owners Dan Topping and Del Webb sold it and Blues Stadium for $ 6.5 million ($ 57,676,180 in 2016 dollars) to Arnold Johnson , who also dealt

24568-445: The upper deck more accessible. The original wooden stadium seats were replaced with wider plastic ones and the upper deck expanded upward nine rows, excluding the walkway. A new upper concourse was built above the old and original concourse exits were closed in by new seating. A new middle tier was built featuring a larger press box and 16 luxury boxes. About one-third of the bleacher seats were eliminated, their middle section converted to

24734-476: The venue with the New York Giants . However, relations between the two teams were rocky, with the Giants harboring resentment towards the Yankees. The Yankees had been looking for a new and permanent venue since at least 1909. The local papers had periodic announcements about the Yankees acquiring and developing land in the Kingsbridge neighborhood for a new ballpark northeast of 225th and Broadway, and wrote about

24900-527: The verismo, some claimed that it began in 1890 with the first performance of Mascagni 's Cavalleria rusticana , peaked in the early 1900s. It was followed by Leoncavallo's Pagliacci, which dealt with the themes of infidelity, revenge, and violence. Verismo also reached Britain where pioneers included the Victorian-era theatrical partnership of the dramatist W. S. Gilbert and the composer Arthur Sullivan (1842–1900). Specifically, their play Iolanthe

25066-541: The way he announced players for over half a century made him a part of the lore of the stadium and the team. Before a player's first at-bat of the game, Sheppard announced his position, his uniform number, his name, and his uniform number again. Example: "Now batting for the Yankees, the shortstop, number 2, Derek Jeter, Number 2." For each following at-bat, Sheppard announced just the position and name: "The shortstop, Derek Jeter." Due to health reasons, 96-year-old Sheppard announced his last game on September 5, 2007. He did sign

25232-413: The years, the Yankees continued to honor players and personnel with additional monuments and plaques. After the 1974–1975 renovations of Yankee Stadium, the outfield fence was moved in, enclosing the monuments and plaques on the old fence and creating "Monument Park". A visual collection of retired numbers was soon added to this location. Monument Park remained there until the stadium's closing in 2008; after

25398-490: Was a problem for the outfielders, as its construction tended to make a bounding fair ball take an unpredictable carom. This problem, dubbed the "bloody angle" by the players, was solved prior to the 1924 season by moving the infield some ten feet toward center and rotating it slightly. That resulted in a new left field distance of 281 feet 1 inch (85.67 m), and a new right field of 294 feet 6 inches (89.76 m) (eventually posted as 295). By 1928 some of

25564-549: Was also the home of the New York Giants National Football League (NFL) team from October 21, 1956 through September 23, 1973 . The stadium's nickname is " The House That Ruth Built " which is derived from Babe Ruth , the baseball superstar whose prime years coincided with the stadium's opening and the beginning of the Yankees' winning history. The stadium was built from 1922 to 1923 for $ 2.4 million ($ 43 million in 2023 dollars). Its construction

25730-437: Was among the most commercially successful painters of the 1990s, his work has been criticized. Soon after news of Kinkade's death in April 2012, author Susan Orlean termed it death of a "kitsch master". During the same month, journalist Laura Miller lampooned Kinkade's work as "a bunch of garish cottage paintings". Kinkade was criticized for the extent to which he commercialized his art, for example, by selling his prints on

25896-405: Was countered with an anti-rationalist, anti-realist and anti-bourgeois program. Theatrical realism is said to have first emerged in European drama in the 19th century as an offshoot of the Industrial Revolution and the age of science. Some also specifically cited the invention of photography as the basis of the realist theater while others view that the association between realism and drama

26062-542: Was expensive and usually commissioned for specific religious, political or personal reasons, which allowed only a relatively small amount of space or effort to be devoted to such scenes. Drolleries in the margins of medieval illuminated manuscripts sometimes contain small scenes of everyday life, and the development of perspective created large background areas in many scenes set outdoors. Medieval and Early Renaissance art usually showed non-sacred figures in contemporary dress by convention. Early Netherlandish painting brought

26228-539: Was lit, to lurid effect, as if the interior of the structure might be on fire. Didion compared the "Kinkade Glow" to the luminism of 19th-century painter Albert Bierstadt , who sentimentalized the infamous Donner Pass in his Donner Lake from the Summit. She saw "unsettling similarities" between the two painters and worried that Kinkade's treatment of the Sierra Nevada , The Mountains Declare His Glory, similarly ignored

26394-536: Was located on the Manhattan side of the Harlem River , at 155th Street and Eighth Avenue . Huston and Ruppert purchased the lumberyard from William Waldorf Astor for $ 600,000, equal to $ 10.9 million today. Construction began May 5, 1922 and Yankee Stadium opened to the public less than a year later. The stadium's walls were built of "an extremely hard and durable concrete that was developed by Thomas Edison ", with

26560-455: Was paid for entirely by Yankees owner Jacob Ruppert , who was eager to have his own stadium after sharing the Polo Grounds with the New York Giants baseball team the previous ten years. Yankee Stadium opened for the 1923 season and was hailed at the time as a unique facility in the country. Over the course of its history, it became one of the most famous venues in the United States, hosting

26726-465: Was painted white during the 1960s. After the 1970s renovation, it ran a shorter distance, restricted to the top of the bleacher billboards and scoreboard. Until the September 30, 1973 – April 14, 1976 renovation, the Yankees' American League championship pennants hung from the frieze. Tony Morante, who was in charge of tours at the Stadium, found most of these pennants in a box in 2004 and brought them to team executives to have them restored for display at

26892-407: Was played after Yankees wins, whereas Liza Minnelli 's was played after Yankee losses. After the September 11 attacks , all American Major League Baseball stadiums started playing " God Bless America " during the seventh-inning stretch for the remainder of the 2001 season. Many teams ceased this practice the following season, although it has continued in postseason events at many cities and become

27058-452: Was reduced by more than 40 feet (12 m) while the right-field home-run porch was moved out. Monuments once in play were moved to a newly created Monument Park . In 1985, the left field fence was moved in and the stadium assumed its final dimensions in 1988. Although it was essentially the same structure, the renovations were significant enough that some sources consider them two different stadiums. The ESPN Sports Almanac, for instance, calls

27224-420: Was relocated to the new stadium. Yankee Stadium closed following the 2008 season and the new stadium opened in 2009 , adopting the "Yankee Stadium" moniker. The original Yankee Stadium was demolished in 2010, two years after it closed, and the 8-acre (3.2 ha) site was converted into a public park called Heritage Field . The Yankees had played at the Polo Grounds in upper Manhattan since 1913, sharing

27390-657: Was said to prefer realism over ideal beauty, and during the Ancient Roman Republic , politicians preferred a truthful depiction in portraits, though the early emperors favored Greek idealism. Goya 's portraits of the Spanish royal family represent a sort of honest, unflattering portrayal of important people. A recurring trend in Christian art was "realism" that emphasized the humanity of religious figures, above all Christ and his physical sufferings in his Passion . Following trends in devotional literature , this developed in

27556-467: Was the inspiration for many of his street and snow scenes. He also depicted various Christian themes, including the Christian cross and churches. His country scenes rarely depict people, a point that he frequently received questions about. Kinkade said he was emphasizing the value of simple pleasures and that his intent was to communicate inspirational messages through his paintings. A self-described "devout Christian" (even giving all four of his children

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