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30-867: The Thirumanimutharu River originates from three reserved forests in the Eastern Ghats (Shevaroy Mountain) in Salem district , Tamil Nadu . It runs for 120 kilometers through Namakkal district before joining the Cauvery River near Paramathi Velur at Nanjai Edayar village in Namakkal district, Tamil Nadu. The river originates from three reserved forests in the Eastern Ghats: Several streams flow southward from Velampatti Reserved Forest ( 11°45′30.6″N 78°19′51.8″E  /  11.758500°N 78.331056°E  / 11.758500; 78.331056 ), converging into

60-662: A lot by building many bridges and is considered to be the Smart city . Salem is famous for cultivating mangoes . Salem districts covers an area of 5245 sq. km. It is bounded by the districts of Namakkal, Dharmapuri, Erode, and Kallakurichi. The name Salem is thought to be derived from Sailam (hills) on account of being surrounded by hills. Geology There are 4 revenue divisions , 13 taluks , 1 municipal corporation , 6 municipalities, 21 revenue blocks , and 32 town panchayats in Salem district. According to 2011 census , Salem district had

90-402: A population of 3,482,056 with a sex-ratio of 954 females for every 1,000 males, much above the national average of 929. A total of 344,960 were under the age of six, constituting 180,002 males and 164,958 females. 50.95% of the population lived in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 16.67% and 3.43% of the population respectively. The average literacy of the district

120-514: A single river called the West Thirumanimutharu. This river flows towards Salem town, passing through many villages such as Achankuttapatti, Kuppanur, and Paruthikadu. Before entering Salem town, the East and West Thirumanimutharu Rivers converge at Mannarpalayam village ( 11°41′00.6″N 78°11′40.5″E  /  11.683500°N 78.194583°E  / 11.683500; 78.194583 ), forming

150-749: A single river known as the East Thirumanimutharu. This river passes through several villages, including Kuttathupatti, Palapatti, Jalakandapuram, Sarkar Nattamangalam, and Karumapuram, before entering Karipatti village. From Karipatti village, the Thirumanimutharu flows westward, passing through Ayothiyapattinam on its way to Salem town. Three water streams originate from the Manjavadi Ghat Reserved Forest ( 11°46′57.7″N 78°19′03.6″E  /  11.782694°N 78.317667°E  / 11.782694; 78.317667 ), merging into

180-657: A single river that continues through the Salem town area. A water stream originates from the Kapputhu Reserved Forest (south side of Yercaud Hills) ( 11°44′07.2″N 78°12′46.6″E  /  11.735333°N 78.212944°E  / 11.735333; 78.212944 ) and flows towards Salem town. Before entering Salem, it merges with the Thirumanimutharu River at Mannarpalayam ( 11°41′46.3″N 78°12′04.8″E  /  11.696194°N 78.201333°E  / 11.696194; 78.201333 ). Here, part of

210-708: Is a proposed initiative in Tamil Nadu aimed at improving water resource management in the region. This project is part of broader efforts to connect various river systems to address water shortages, particularly in drought-prone areas. Historically, the Thirumanimutharu River has been an important water source for agriculture and local communities. However, it has become heavily polluted due to industrial effluents, untreated sewage, and agricultural runoff. The river's degradation has sparked environmental concerns, leading to government intervention and public demand for rejuvenation. According to reports, BOD levels in various stretches of

240-629: Is called land of sago. In 1981, Salem Starch and Sago Manufacturers Service Industrial Co-operative Society Ltd (popularly called as SAGOSERVE) was established to promote the growth of sago industries. Nearly 80% of the national demand for Sago and Starch is being met by the Sagoserv. Salem Steel Plant , a special steel unit of Steel Authority of India Ltd have their plant located in Salem which produces Cold rolled stainless steel and Hot rolled stainless steel/carbon steel. The plant can produce Austenitic , ferritic, Martensite and low-nickel stainless steel in

270-582: Is continuously working to develop special grades for critical automotive applications. The Madras Aluminium Company Ltd (MALCO) is part of Vedanta Resources Plc, a London Stock Exchange listed FTSE 100 diversified metals and mining major. MALCO has a state-of-the-art, coal-based Captive Power Plant at the same location which was commissioned in the year 1999. In the year 2004 MALCO augmented its smelter capacity from earlier 25,000 TPA to 40,000 TPA. It generates 100 MW power from 4 units of 25MW each through power plant located at Mettur , Tamil Nadu. Around 90% of

300-478: Is maintained by the Salem district Tamil Nadu Police , headed by a Superintendent of Police . Sh. Gautam Goyal, IPS is the current Superintendent of Police. Special units include prohibition enforcement, district crime, social justice and human rights, district crime records and a district-level special branch. Salem district have central prison at Hastampatti . It's one of the oldest jail and can able to host 1431 in house prisoners. The Salem handloom industry

330-406: Is one of the 38 districts of Tamil Nadu state in southern India. The district is now divided into Dharmapuri , Krishnagiri , Namakkal as individual districts. Salem is the district headquarters and other major towns in the district include Mettur , Tharamangalam , Thammampatti , Attur , Omalur , Sangagiri and Edappadi . That Salem dates to at least two thousand years ago is evident from

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360-456: Is one of the most ancient cottage industries and producing quality sari, dothi and angavasthram out of silk yarn and cotton yarn. In the recent past, home furnishing items are also woven, mainly for export purposes. More than 75,000 handlooms are working and the total value of cloth produced per annum is estimated at ₹ 500,000 million. With more than 125 spinning mills, with modern weaving units and garment units Salem established itself as one of

390-567: Is planning a Steel SEZ inside the Salem Steel plant covering about 250 acres (1.0 km ). There is an exclusive Electrical and Electronics Industrial Estate in the Suramangalam area of Salem city. Coimbatore - Erode -Salem stretch was well known for Industries and Textile processings and it is announced as Coimbatore-Salem Industrial Corridor and further development works are carried by SIPCOT Linking. Kanjamalai Iron ore found in

420-489: Is the biggest regional market for agro products. Narasus coffee one of the famous coffee in Tamil Nadu, Nandhi Dall Mills the oldest flour mill company, BSP refineries (Usha Refined Sunflower Oil) are other few companies have their presence in Salem. Being one of the fastest growing tier II cities, the Tamil Nadu government and ELCOT are planning to establish an IT park in Salem covering about 160 acres (0.65 km ). SAIL

450-511: The Tamil Nadu largest number of Sago industries which are engaged in the production Sago Foods and Starch. In Salem District alone, 34000 hectares of land is under tapioca cultivation which is the raw material for the sago industries and there are 650 units engaged in tapioca processing. In and around Salem the yield of tapioca is about 25-30 T/ha, highest in the World. National average is 19 T/ha and World average production stands at 10 T/ha. Hence it

480-651: The Thirumanimutharu River at Konnayar village. Several water streams (called the Elur River ) originate from the Namagiripettai village side of the Kolli Hills ( 11°27′04.8″N 78°19′04.4″E  /  11.451333°N 78.317889°E  / 11.451333; 78.317889 ). These streams flow through Elur village in Namakkal district and merge with the Thirumanimutharu River to the north of Kudacheri village. The Cauvery-Ponniyar-Thirumanimutharu River Linking Project

510-443: The capacity of Cold Rolled Stainless Steel Products from 65,000 TPA to 146,000 TPA and an additional Roll Grinding Machine for Hot Rolling Mill for increasing production to 3,64,000 TPA. The total project area is 1130 acres and cost of the project is ₹ 17,800 million. Southern Iron & Steel Company Ltd (joint venture with JSW Steel ) the first integrated steel plant of India at a cost of ₹ 22,350 million, located near Salem for

540-590: The discovery of silver coins from the Roman Emperor Nero Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus (37–68 CE) found by Koneripatti of Salem in 1987. It was ruled by Mazhavar King Kolli Mazhavan and kings Adhiyaman and Valvil Ori of Sangam age . It is part of Mazhanadu , a vast region that dates to the second century BCE. Salem was the largest district of Tamil Nadu. It was bifurcated into Salem and Dharmapuri districts in 1965 and Namakkal district in 1997. Now Salem has been developed

570-557: The entire power generated is exported; the rest is used internally. Efficient plant operations enabled MALCO to achieve a higher plant load factor since existence. The region around Salem is rich in mineral ores. Salem has one of the largest Magnesite , Bauxite and also Iron ore deposits in India. It has many magnesite factories operated by private and public sectors such as Burn Standard & Co , Dalmia Magnesites and Tata Refractories, SAIL refractories. The Leigh Bazaar market in Salem

600-677: The form of coils and sheets with an installed capacity of 70,000 tonnes/year in Cold Rolling Mill and 1,86,000 tonnes/year in Hot Rolling Mill. In addition, the plant has country's first top-of-the-line stainless steel blanking facility with a capacity of 3,600 tonnes/year of coin blanks and utility blanks/circles. Expansion and modernisation of Salem Steel Plant is ongoing. The plan envisages installation of Steel Melting and Continuous Casting facilities to produce 1,80,000 tonnes of slabs along with expansion of Cold Rolling Mill complex, enhancing

630-528: The implementation of rejuvenation projects, such as the construction of STPs, has faced delays due to issues like tender processes and bureaucratic hurdles, slowing down the river's recovery. This article related to a location in Namakkal district , Tamil Nadu , India is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article related to a river in India is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Salem district Salem District

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660-418: The major textile center in Tamil Nadu . The history of handloom and spinning mills dates back to pre-independence period in Salem. But until 1960s there were fewer than 5 spinning mills. Private handloom weaving started thriving in the region along with the large scale cooperative sector handloom weaving and marketing units. Small scale hand dying units were started around the region to the industry. Around 1980s

690-551: The northern side of the Jarugumalai Reserved Forest ( 11°37′34.4″N 78°12′21.0″E  /  11.626222°N 78.205833°E  / 11.626222; 78.205833 ), flowing through the Skandasramam Murugan Temple and reaching Kumaragiri Lake. It then continues through the middle of Salem town, eventually merging with the Thirumanimutharu River within Salem town. Two water streams originate from

720-539: The production of TMT corrosion resistant bars/alloy steels. The Salem plant is the largest special steel plant in India aims to develop the Kanjamalai , Kavuthimalai and Vediappanmalai iron ore mines in Tamil Nadu on receipt of requisite approvals to improve raw material security. This will facilitate expansion of production capacity to 2 MTPA. It will also allow the unit to diversify into the production of value-added products such as annealed, drawn and peeled steel. The plant

750-503: The river have reached critical levels, indicating severe pollution and contamination. The high levels of industrial pollutants and sewage have severely affected aquatic ecosystems. Oxygen depletion, caused by organic waste and chemicals, has reduced biodiversity in the river. In response to the severe pollution, several efforts have been made to clean up and rejuvenate the Thirumanimutharu River: Despite these efforts,

780-617: The southern side of the Kanjamalai Reserved Forest ( 11°36′36.9″N 78°03′45.6″E  /  11.610250°N 78.062667°E  / 11.610250; 78.062667 ) and flow eastward, merging with the Thirumanimutharu River at Chinnasiragapadi. The Ponniyar River originates to the north side of the Kanjamalai Reserved Forest ( 11°37′12.6″N 78°01′46.6″E  /  11.620167°N 78.029611°E  / 11.620167; 78.029611 ) and flows through Elampillai , Magudanchavadi, and Mallasamudram , merging with

810-450: The textile industry grew significantly. Many major spinning mills and waste spinning units came up into existence. Many Handloom societies and dying houses were established. New and increased number of Power Loom units were mushroomed in the places like Gugai, Ammapet , Attayampatti , Mallasamudram , Vennanthur , Magudanchavadi , Rasipuram , Komarapalayam , Pallipalayam , Jalakandapuram and Elampillai . The Salem region also houses

840-1126: The time of the 2011 census, 88.48% of the population spoke Tamil , 6.08% Telugu , 2.48% Kannada and 1.58% Urdu as their first language. Other significant languages spoken here include Saurashtra . Salem district is home to the Periyar University and the Vinayaka Mission University. The district has many educational institutions including Government Arts College (autonomous), Government Arts College for Women, Government College of Engineering (autonomous), Sona College of Technology (Autonomous), Thiagarajar Polytechnic College (Autonomous), Indian Institute of Handloom Technology, Government Polytechnic College, Central Law College, Sarada Institutions, and Mohan Kumaramangalam College (Medical), Salem Film school, Salem. Schools include Sri Chaitanya Techno School, Holy Cross, Glazebrooke, Holy Angels', St. Johns, Cluny, Golden Gates, Emerald Valley, Senthil Public School, Vidya Mandir, Little Flower, CSI Higher Secondary School and St. Joseph Schools. Law and order

870-737: The water from the Thirumanimutharu River is diverted to Mookaneri Lake in Kannankurichi using a check dam. Another water stream originates from the west side of the Yercaud Hills in Kurumbapatty ( 11°44′26.8″N 78°10′17.9″E  /  11.740778°N 78.171639°E  / 11.740778; 78.171639 ) and merges with the Thirumanimutharu River to the north of Nethimedu ( 11°38′58.7″N 78°08′04.8″E  /  11.649639°N 78.134667°E  / 11.649639; 78.134667 ) in Salem town. The Kannimar Stream originates from

900-490: Was 72.86%, compared to the national average of 72.99%. The district had a total of 915,967 households. There were a total of 1,694,160 workers, comprising 247,011 cultivators, 396,158 main agricultural labourers, 132,700 in household industries, 785,161 other workers, 133,130 marginal workers, 9,993 marginal cultivators, 58,052 marginal agricultural labourers, 8,803 marginal workers in household industries and 56,282 other marginal workers. Languages of Salem district (2011) At

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