143-586: Tiruchirappalli ( Tamil pronunciation: [ˈt̪iɾɯtːʃiɾaːpːaɭːi] , formerly called Trichinopoly in English, also known as Tiruchi or Trichy ), is a major tier II city in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and the administrative headquarters of Tiruchirappalli district . The city is credited with being the best livable and the cleanest city of Tamil Nadu, as well as the fifth safest city for women in India. It
286-514: A Tiruchiite . Situated at the edge of the Kaveri Delta, the culture of Tiruchirappalli is predominantly Brahminical , prevalent elsewhere in the delta. With a substantial population of students and migrant industrial workers from different parts of India, Tiruchirappalli has a more cosmopolitan outlook than the surrounding countryside. The main festival celebrated in Tiruchirappalli is Pongal ,
429-601: A customs airport until 4 October 2012, when it was given international status by the Ministry of Civil Aviation. The airport has three adjacent terminals. The original passenger terminal has been converted into an international cargo complex housing the control tower and technical block. In 2009 this was replaced with a modern integrated passenger terminal, which became inactive when the new integrated passenger terminal began operations for both international and domestic air traffic. Currently all passenger movements are handled from
572-634: A cost of ₹ 600 million (equivalent to ₹ 1.3 billion or US$ 16 million in 2023) was inaugurated in December 2010. Set up by the Electronics Corporation of Tamil Nadu, the park occupies an area of 59.74 hectares (147.6 acres) and constitutes a Special Economic Zone . Employing a workforce of over 1,500, more than six companies including Vuram , iLink Systems Pvt. Ltd., Scientific Publishing Company, Vdart Technologies, GI Tech Gaming Co. India Pvt. Ltd., VR Della IT Services Pvt. Ltd., and
715-471: A growth rate of 36.9% during the period 1941–51. After independence in 1947, Tiruchirappalli fell behind other cities such as Salem and Coimbatore in terms of growth. Tiruchirappalli remained a part of Madras State , which was renamed Tamil Nadu in 1969. The city underwent extensive economic development in the 1960s with the commissioning of Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited . In the early 1980s, M. G. Ramachandran , then Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu drafted
858-784: A major deterrent to the city's tourism industry. Once a part of the Chola kingdom, Tiruchirappalli has a number of exquisitely sculpted temples and fortresses. Most of the temples, including the Rockfort temples, the Ranganathaswamy Temple at Srirangam , the Jambukeswarar Temple at Thiruvanaikkaval , the Samayapuram Mariamman Temple , the Erumbeeswarar Temple , Gneeliwaneswarar Temple at Thiruppaingneeli and
1001-460: A major reform of the boundaries of India's states and territories that organized them along linguistic lines. At this time, for example, Travancore-Cochin was renamed Kerala (Malayalam: കേരളം). Later state name changes include the reorganization of Madhya Bharat into Madhya Pradesh (Hindi: मध्य प्रदेश) in 1959; and the renaming of the Madras State to Tamil Nadu (Tamil: தமிழ்நாடு ) in 1969, of
1144-764: A member to the Lok Sabha —the lower house of the Parliament of India . The Lok Sabha seat has been held by the Indian National Congress for four terms (1957–62, 1984–89, 1989–91 and 1991–96), the Communist Party of India (1962–67, 1971–77 and 1977–80) and the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (2001–04, 2009–14 and 2014–present) for three terms each) and Bharatiya Janata Party (1998–99 and 1999–2001) for two terms each. Candidates from
1287-466: A native Tamil name (Tamil: தமிழ்நாடு Tamil Nadu , 'Tamil country'). In general, changes to the local names of cities in the indigenous languages are less common. However, a change in English may sometimes also be a reflection of changes in other Indian languages other than the specific local one. For example, the change of Madras (Tamil: மதராஸ் ) to Chennai (Tamil: சென்னை ) was reflected in many of India's languages, and incidentally in English, while
1430-408: A plan to move the state's administrative headquarters to Tiruchirappalli. A satellite town was developed near Navalpattu on the outskirts of the city, but the proposed move was shelved by successive governments. Like much of Tamil Nadu, Tiruchirappalli remains prone to communal tensions based on religion and ethnicity. There have been occasional outbreaks of violence against Sri Lankans . In 2009,
1573-548: A public relations officer, a city engineer, a city health officer and an Assistant Commissioner for each of the four zones. A Local Planning Authority for Tiruchirappalli was created on 5 April 1974 as per the Tamil Nadu Town and Country Planning Act of 1971 with the District Collector of Tiruchirappalli as chairman and the assistant director of Town and Country Planning as its member secretary. The city of Tiruchirappalli
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#17330926545391716-571: A regional harvest festival celebrated during January. As part of the Pongal celebrations, Jallikattu , a bull-taming village sport played on the last day of the festival, is occasionally held on the outskirts of the city. Aadi Perukku , Samayapuram flower festival, Vaikunta Ekadasi , Srirangam car festival, and the Teppakulam float festival are some of the prominent festivals that are held locally. Bakrid and Eid al-Fitr are also widely celebrated, owing to
1859-590: A rejection of British influence, yet the recent rise of the Hindu nationalist party Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) has been associated with the growing trend of Hindu nationalism in politics, and consequently, the rising fear in Muslims of their past being rewritten. Significant occurrences prompting this frustration include the renaming of the city of Allahabad (tracing back to Mughal rule) to Prayagraj (ancient name in Sanskrit) and
2002-412: A secular, multifaith nation. Furthermore, in defense of Muslim contribution and cultural heritage, she writes, “If some Muslim rulers were cruel and unjust should Hindus retaliate by practicing reverse religious bigotry, forgetting the contribution made by other Muslim rulers and citizens to enrich their art, architecture and learning?” This raises the question of whether silencing the bad is worth losing
2145-426: A separate district, divided into 18 zonal offices and units, with a total of 38 police stations. The Tiruchirappalli city police force is headed by a Commissioner of police assisted by Deputy Commissioners. Law and order in suburban areas is enforced by the Tiruchirappalli district police. It has the lowest proportion of rape and murder cases in the state. Electricity supply to the city is regulated and distributed by
2288-459: A team to work on the exercise of land acquisition and payment of compensation. During December 2017, the deputy director general of Defence Estates has provided in principle approval for providing 337.7 acres (136.7 ha) of land to the AAI, in lieu of land of “equal value” from the state government. The District Administration is also in process of acquiring residential buildings. The AAI has expanded
2431-427: A workshop at Ponmalai 2 km away. The airfield gained prominence during 1944 when planes were brought for calibration and other training activities also ferry flights started using the airfield. During second half of 1944, three squadrons were operating out of the airfield. At the end of war the airfield served as Staging Post and Personnel Transit Centre due to its prominent location. Various units also located at
2574-772: Is ISO 9001:2008 quality certified and was declared as an international airport in October 2012. The airport's oldest terminal was converted into a cargo complex, while a new passenger terminal was built with three aerobridges. In January 2024, a new integrated passenger terminal was inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi . The first known history of commercial flight landing at the airport dates back to 23 December 1936 when Tata Sons, Ltd . operated an Indo-Ceylon special airmail service between Madras and Colombo via Trichinopoly carrying Christmas mails connecting their regular airmail service between Karachi and Madras via Bhuj, Ahmedabad, Bombay, Hyderabad. The Special "Goodwill Flight"
2717-666: Is 236 feet (72 m). According to the Limca Book of Records , it was the tallest temple tower in the world until 1999. The Jambukeswarar Temple at Thiruvanaikkaval and the Erumbeeswarar Temple at Thiruverumbur were built in the rule of the Medieval Cholas. The Jambukeswarar Temple is one of the Pancha Bhoota Stalams dedicated to Lord Shiva; it is the fifth largest temple complex in Tamil Nadu. The city's best known mosque
2860-552: Is a major engineering equipment manufacturing and fabrication hub in India. The Golden Rock Railway Workshop , which moved to Tiruchirappalli from Nagapattinam in 1928, is one of the three railway workshop –cum–production units in Tamil Nadu. The workshops produced 650 conventional and low-container flat wagons during 2007–2008. A high-pressure boiler manufacturing plant was set up by Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL), India's largest public sector engineering company, in May 1965. This
3003-474: Is almost flat with an average elevation of 81 metres (266 ft). A few isolated hillocks rise above the surface, the highest of which is the Rockfort; its estimated age of 3,800 million years makes it one of the oldest rocks in the world. Other prominent hillocks include the Golden Rock , Khajamalai , and one each at Uyyakondan Thirumalai and Thiruverumbur . Apart from Kaveri and its tributary Kollidam ,
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#17330926545393146-499: Is amended. An example is the change from English Calcutta to English Kolkata – the local Bengali name ( কলকাতা Kôlkata ) did not change. Such changes in English spelling may be in order to better reflect a more accurate phonetic transliteration of the local name, or may be for other reasons. In the early years after Indian independence , many name changes were affected in northern India for English spellings of Hindi place names that had simply been Romanized inconsistently by
3289-448: Is an international airport serving Tiruchirappalli in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu . The airport, spread over an area of 702.02 acres (284.10 ha), is located on National Highway 336 , about 5 km (3.1 mi) south of the city centre. As of 2024, it is the 31st busiest airport in India for passengers handled and 10th busiest for total international aircraft movement. It is
3432-409: Is available. Softnet (STPI), Tata VSNL , Bharti and Reliance are other major broadband internet service providers in the city. Tiruchirappalli has a regional passport office, the second in Tamil Nadu, which commenced its operations on 23 March 1983 bifurcated from Chennai region. After Coimbatore and Madurai regional office were established in late 2000s by bifurcating from Trichy region, currently
3575-411: Is chaired by Member of Tiruchirapalli Parliamentary Constituency. The current MP of Trichy Mr. Durai Vaiko after election as first order of his business has met the civil aviation minister on 1 July 2024 and demanded for faster action from AAI side to expand the runway as Land acquisition is nearing completion from Local Administration side. The district administration had formed a special team comprising
3718-425: Is gradually being rewritten with names reflecting Hindu heritage rather than Muslim ones. Indian author Pushpa Sundar writes, “The objective behind the renaming, whether done earlier or being done now, is to erase the prevailing memory of the good done along with the bad by the other, while simultaneously super-imposing history as interpreted by the current rulers as the flawless truth.” She prompts readers to consider
3861-681: Is internationally known for a brand of cheroot known as the Trichinopoly cigar , which was exported in large quantities to the United Kingdom during the 19th century. A major road and railway hub in the state, the city is served by the Tiruchirappalli International Airport (TRZ) which operates direct flights to the Middle East (Dubai, Saudi Arabia) and Southeast Asia (Singapore, Malaysia). Historically, Tiruchirappalli
4004-457: Is now used as an alternate taxiway to the apron. The re-carpeting work on the active runway 09/27 was completed during February 2020 to July 2021, after 10 years, at a cost of ₹ 200 million (US$ 2.4 million). Stands 10-20 became active on 31 December 2023 located in the new apron of 15,580 sq.m. size built as part of the new terminal. Before January 2024, there were four taxiways designated as A, B, C and D. On 31 December 2023, along with
4147-445: Is one of the biggest private sector distilleries in Tamil Nadu and produced 13.5 megalitres (3.0 million imperial gallons) of spirit alcohol between December 2005 and November 2006. The Ordnance Factories Board runs a weapons manufacturing unit and a Heavy Alloy Penetrator Project (HAPP) facility; the latter was set up in the late 1980s and consists of a flexible manufacturing system (FMS)—the first of its kind in India. From
4290-676: Is represented in the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly by four elected members, one each for the Tiruchirappalli East , Tiruchirappalli West , Srirangam and Thiruverumbur constituencies. J.Jayalalithaa , former chief minister of Tamil Nadu, represented the Srirangam constituency between 2011 and 2015. Tiruchirappalli is also part of the Tiruchirappalli Lok Sabha constituency and once every five years, elects
4433-597: Is situated in central south-eastern India, almost at the geographic centre of the state of Tamil Nadu. The Cauvery Delta begins to form 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) west of the city where the river divides into two streams—the Kaveri and the Kollidam —to form the island of Srirangam . By road it is 912 kilometres (567 mi) south of Hyderabad , 322 kilometres (200 mi) south-west of Chennai and 331 kilometres (206 mi) south-east of Bangalore . The topology of Tiruchirappalli
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4576-925: Is the Nadir Shah Mosque . The Christ Church constructed by the German Protestant missionary Christian Friedrich Schwarz in 1766 and the Our Lady of Lourdes Church are noted examples of Gothic Revival architecture in the city. Renaming of cities in India The renaming of the cities in India started in 1947 following the end of the British imperial period . Several changes were controversial, and not all proposed changes were implemented. Each had to be approved by Government of India in Delhi . The renaming of states and territories in India has also taken place, but until
4719-401: Is the fourth largest city as well as the fourth largest urban agglomeration in the state. Located 322 kilometres (200 mi) south of Chennai and 374 kilometres (232 mi) north of Kanyakumari , Tiruchirappalli sits almost at the geographic centre of Tamil Nadu state. The Cauvery Delta begins 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) west of the city where the Kaveri river splits into two, forming
4862-445: Is visible from almost every part of the city's north. The Teppakulam at the foot of the Rockfort is surrounded by bazaars. It has a mandapa at its centre. The Ranganathaswamy Temple, dedicated to the Hindu god Vishnu , is located on the island of Srirangam. Often cited as the largest functioning Hindu temple in the world, it has a perimeter of 4,116 metres (13,504 ft) and occupies 156 acres (630,000 m). Considered to be among
5005-427: The 2011 Indian census , Tiruchirappalli had a population of 847,387, 9.4% of whom were under the age of six, living in 214,529 families within the municipal corporation limits. The recorded population density was 5,768/km (14,940/sq mi) while the sex ratio was 975 males for every 1,000 females. The Tiruchirappalli urban agglomeration had a population of 1,022,518, and was ranked the fourth largest in Tamil Nadu and
5148-671: The Carnatic state and the British . The most prominent historical monuments in Tiruchirappalli include the Rockfort at Teppakulam , the Ranganathaswamy temple at Srirangam dedicated to the reclining form of Hindu God Vishnu, and is also the largest functioning temple in the world, and the Jambukeswarar temple at Thiruvanaikaval , which is also the largest temple for the Hindu God Shiva in
5291-546: The Church of South India . The most widely spoken language is Tamil , but there are significant numbers of Telugu , Gujarati , Kannada , Malayalam and Hindi speakers. Saurashtra is also spoken by some significant minorities. The standard dialect of Tamil spoken is the Central Tamil dialect . There is also a substantial population of Anglo-Indians , and Sri Lankan Tamil migrants , most of whom are housed in refugee camps on
5434-648: The Communist Party of India , Tamil Maanila Congress and the Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam have won once each. Indian politician Rangarajan Kumaramangalam , who served as the Minister of Power in the government of Atal Bihari Vajpayee , was elected to the Lok Sabha from Tiruchirappalli in the 1998 and 1999 elections. Law and order are enforced by the Tamil Nadu police, which for administrative purposes, has constituted Tiruchirappalli city as
5577-645: The Company Raj and later the British Raj , Tiruchirappalli emerged as one of the most important cities in India. According to the 1871 Indian census —the first in British India—Tiruchirappalli had a population of 76,530, making it the second largest city in the presidency after the capital of Madras (now Chennai). It was known throughout the British Empire for its unique variety of cheroot , known as
5720-430: The Indian media , particularly the influential Indian press . In the case of smaller towns and districts which were less notable outside and inside India, and where a well known English name (or exonym) could not be said to exist, older spellings used under British India may not have had any specific legislation other than changes in practice on the romanization of indigenous Indian language names. Aside from changes to
5863-616: The Madurai Nayak kingdom began to assert its independence. The city flourished during the reign of Vishwanatha Nayak ( c. 1529 –1564), who is said to have protected the area by constructing the Teppakulam and building walls around the Srirangam temple. His successor Kumara Krishnappa Nayaka made Tiruchirappalli his capital, and it served as the capital of the Madurai Nayak kingdom from 1616 to 1634 and from 1665 to 1736. In 1736
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6006-455: The Mysore State to Karnataka (Kannada: ಕರ್ನಾಟಕ) in 1973, and of Uttaranchal to Uttarakhand (Hindi: उत्तराखण्ड ) in 2007. Name changes have varied with respect to the levels of language at which they have been applied, and also accepted. Some of these local name changes were changes made in all languages: the immediate local name, and also all India's other languages. An example of this is
6149-605: The NH-336 passing beside the original terminal. The Salient features of the terminal is as following: The terminal was designed by a French company, Egis Group , in partnership with the British architectural firm, Pascall+Watson , as the project managers, completed the design and plan for construction by March 2018. The tender for construction was awarded to ITD Cementation India Limited in August 2018. Prime Minister Narendra Modi laid
6292-461: The Pudukottai -Trichy National Highway 336 the airport is well connected with frequent City buses to the major bus and railway terminals of the city like Central Bus Stand , Chatram Bus Stand , Srirangam and Trichy Junction . In addition to this, exclusive buses were introduced to originate inside the airport premise destined to Thanjavur, Central Bus Stand and Karur. In March 2023, the airport
6435-410: The Ranganathaswamy temple , for which Tiruchirapalli is known worldwide, welcomes passengers at the airport. The terminal roof, flooring patterns, column cladding, feature walls and the signage design are inspired by local arts, culture and traditions. The terminal is situated on the existing airport land available on the southern side, for which a new four-lane elevated access road has been built from
6578-706: The Tamil Nadu Electricity Board (TNEB). Tiruchirappalli is the headquarters of the Trichy region of TNEB. The city and its suburbs form the Trichy Metro Electricity Distribution Circle, which is subdivided into six divisions. A chief distribution engineer is stationed at the regional headquarters at Tennur . Water supply is provided by the Tiruchirappalli City Corporation . The city gets its drinking water supply from
6721-792: The Thayumanavar Temple between them. The Thayumanavar temple, the largest of the three, houses a shrine for Pārvatī as well as the main deity. As per a legend, Vayu Bhaghvan and Adiseshan had a dispute to find out who is superior, to prove the superiority adiseshan encircled the Kailasam, Vayu tried to remove this encircle by creating santamarutham (Twister). Because of the santamarutham, eight kodumudigal (parts) fell from kailasam into eight different places which are Thirugonamalai ( Trincomalee, Sri Lanka ), Thirukalahasti , Thiruchiramalai (Rock fort), Thiruenkoimalai , Rajathagiri , Neerthagiri , Ratnagiri , and Swethagiri Thirupangeeli . The Rockfort
6864-573: The Trichinopoly Group runs to the north-east of the city, and to the south-east there are layers of archaean rocks, granite and gneiss covered by a thin bed of conglomeratic laterite . The region falls under Seismic Zone III , which is moderately vulnerable to earthquakes. The city of Tiruchirappalli lies on the plains between the Shevaroy Hills to the north and the Palani Hills to
7007-559: The Trichinopoly cigar . Tiruchirappalli was the first headquarters for the newly formed South Indian Railway Company in 1874 until its relocation to Madras in the early 20th century. Tiruchirappalli played an active role during the pre-independence era ; there were a number of strikes and non-violent protests during the Quit India Movement , notably the South Indian Railway Strike that took place in 1928. The city
7150-460: The apron expanded to hold seven aircraft, the fire station upgraded, a new taxiway and the current integrated passenger terminal were constructed. The Phase II expansion on 210 ha (510 acres) by AAI includes extending the runway to 3,800 m (12,500 ft), construction of a modern, new Air Traffic Control (ATC) tower, an additional building complex and other works. The Government of Tamil Nadu has agreed to provide land free to AAI for
7293-462: The foundation stone for the construction of the new terminal through video conferencing from Tiruppur , on 10 February 2019. Until 11 June 2024 operations were handled from the Integrated passenger Terminal. On 11 June 2024 all the operations were shifted from Integrated Passenger Terminal to New Integrated Passenger Terminal. The future usage of this Integrated Passenger Terminal is undecided which
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#17330926545397436-487: The shilpa sastras , the canonical texts of Hindu temple architecture. Tiruchirappalli experiences a dry-summer tropical savanna climate ( Köppen climate classification : As ), with no major change in temperature between summer and winter. The climate is generally characterised by high temperature and low humidity. With an annual mean temperature of 28.9 °C (84.0 °F) and monthly average temperatures ranging between 25 °C (77 °F) and 32 °C (90 °F),
7579-771: The 108 Divya Desams (Holy shrines of Lord Vishnu), the temple is believed to house the mortal remains of the Vaishnavite saint and philosopher Ramanujacharya . Originally built by the Cholas, the temple was later renovated by the Pandyas, the Hoysalas , the Madurai Nayaks and the Vijayanagar empire between the 9th and 16th centuries AD. There are 21 gopurams (towers), of which the Rajagopuram
7722-406: The 2000s, it also connected Trichy with Ras-Al-Khaimah and Fujairah. Indian Airlines operated up until it was merged with Air India. Starting from late 2000, Trichy was connected with South East Asian destinations like Kuala Lumpur and Singapore by foreign airlines. Air India Express also started connecting Trichy with both Middle East and South East Asian destinations. The airport was categorised as
7865-539: The 2010s with actual substantial name changes in both local language and in English such as the old British state name of Travancore–Cochin to Kerala (1956). The most notable exceptions are Indian English spelling-changes of Orissa to Odisha (2011) and the union territory of Pondicherry (which includes the city of Pondicherry ) to Puducherry (2006). India has various local languages. Even (Romanised) English spellings in long and wide use often vary depending upon which government department or agency uses them. To
8008-472: The 2nd century AD. Tiruchirappalli Rock Fort , the rock is said to be one of the oldest formations in the world. It is 3.8 billion years old, as it is older than Greenland and Himalayas . The medieval history of Tiruchirappalli begins with the reign of the Pallava king Mahendravarman I , who ruled over South India in the 6th century AD and constructed the rock-cut cave-temples within the Rockfort . Following
8151-401: The 53rd in India as of 2011. The city had an average literacy rate of 91.37%, significantly higher than the national average of 73.00%. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes accounted for 10.48% and 0.27% of the population respectively. There were 228,518 people, roughly constituting about 26.96% of the total population, who lived in slums in the city. The daily floating population of the city
8294-424: The 65 wards and is headed by a mayor assisted by a Deputy Mayor . The executive wing has seven departments—general administration, revenue, town planning, engineering, public health, information technology and personnel—and is headed by a City Commissioner. The Commissioner is assisted by two executive engineers for the east and west sections, and Assistant Commissioners for personnel, accounts and revenue departments,
8437-675: The Bombay-Goa-Cananore-Trivandrum-Tirchinopoly route during early 1937 which later made connection to the Karachi-Colombo Air Mail service at Trichinopoly. During World War II , RAF Station Kajamalai was established at the airfield and used by the British Royal Air Force . The base started operating during May 1942 and until the beginning of 1944 the base was primarily used for repair and maintenance of warplanes which on landing were taken to
8580-545: The Bombay-Madras-Tiruchirappalli-Colombo route, which was later transferred to Indian airlines operated on Madras-Tiruchirappalli-Colombo route. Beginning in the late 1950s, Tiruchirappalli was connected by domestic service with Madras, Madurai, Cochin and Trivandrum by Indian Airlines at different routings during different periods of time. During the 1990s, Indian Airlines started connecting Trichy with Middle Eastern cities like Kuwait and Sharjah. During
8723-502: The British administration – such as the British spelling Jubbulpore , renamed Jabalpur ( जबलपुर ) among the first changes in 1947. These changes did not generate significant controversy. More recent and high-profile changes – including renaming such major cities as Calcutta to Kolkata – have generated greater controversy. Since independence, such changes have typically been enacted officially by legislation at local or national Indian government level, and may or may not then be adopted by
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#17330926545398866-459: The Government of Tamil Nadu and once land sought for the expansion is available, the extension would take place. The district administration has expressed its willingness to pay the market price for the land to be acquired. But the extension of the runway is pending for a long time due to delays in acquiring land. The AAI has sought around 510 acres (210 ha) of land for the current expansion. Of
9009-535: The Kaveri River and 1,470 bore wells linked to 60 service reservoirs in and around the city. Four of the six head works from which the city gets its water supply are maintained by the municipal corporation and the rest by other agencies. Pollution has been a major concern in Tiruchirappalli. The Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board has set up five stations in the city to check the quality of air. As of 2012, about 432 tonnes (432,000 kg) of solid waste are produced in
9152-416: The Maratha Empire. Tiruchirappalli was administered by the Maratha general Murari Rao from 1741 to 1743, when it was regain by the Nizam of Hyderabad after the six months long siege of Trichinopoly (1743) . Nizam appointed Khwaja Abdullah as the Governor and returned to Golkonda . When the Nawab of the Carnatic Muhammed Ali Khan Wallajah was dethroned by Chanda Sahib after the Battle of Ambur (1749),
9295-407: The Rockfort is a fortress which stands atop a 273-foot-high rock. It consists of a set of monolithic rocks accommodating many rock-cut cave temples. Originally built by the Pallavas, it was later reconstructed by the Madurai Nayaks and Vijayanagara rulers. The temple complex has three shrines, two of which are dedicated to Lord Ganesha , one at the foot and the Ucchi Pillayar Temple at the top, and
9438-434: The Sangam period. Uraiyur , the capital of the Early Cholas for 600 years from the 3rd century BC onwards, is a neighbourhood in the present-day Tiruchirappalli. The city is referred to as Orthoura by the historian Ptolemy in his 2nd-century work Geography . The world's oldest surviving dam, the Kallanai (Lower Anaicut) about 18 kilometres (11 mi) from Uraiyur, was built across the Kaveri River by Karikala Chola in
9581-404: The Tamil Nadu Disaster Recovery Centre function out of the existing building, occupying the entire built-up space. The ELCOT IT Park Trichy is in close proximity to the Tiruchi International Airport. The facility was highlighted through the two editions of Global Investors Meet and became a key factor for the demand for the built-up space. A resident of Tiruchirappalli is generally referred to as
9724-423: The Tamil endonym had always been Chennai and remained unaffected by the change. The renaming of cities is often specifically from English to Indian English in connection with that dialect's internal reforms. In other words, the city itself is not actually renamed in the local language, and the local name (or endonym) in the indigenous languages of India does not change, but the official spelling in Indian English
9867-456: The Tiruchirappalli City Municipal Corporation Act 1994 by inclusion of the erstwhile Srirangam and Golden Rock municipalities. Covering 167.23 square kilometres (64.57 sq mi), the municipal corporation comprises 65 wards and four administrative zones; these are Srirangam, Ariyamangalam , Golden Rock and Abhishekapuram . Tiruchirappalli City Municipal Corporation Council, the legislative body, comprises 65 councillors elected from each of
10010-504: The Tiruchirappalli Municipal Corporation. As of 2013, there were a total of 40,580 UGD connections maintained by the municipal corporation. In 2020, it is estimated that 31% of the city is covered under a networked sewage system; however, As of September 2020, the corporation has fast-tracked its project to cover the entire city, funded jointly by urban local body, Tamil Nadu Urban Finance and Infrastructure Development Corporation Ltd (Tufidco) and Asian Development Bank. The high toxicity of
10153-421: The United Kingdom. The city has a number of retail and wholesale markets, the most prominent among them being the Gandhi Market , which also serves people from other parts of the district. Other notable markets in the city are the flower bazaar in Srirangam and the mango market at Mambazha Salai . The suburb of Manachanallur is known for its rice mills, where polished Ponni rice is produced. Tiruchirappalli
10296-694: The aftermath following Calcutta’s renaming, residents of Chennai stated little preference in city names and were more concerned with tangible evidence of post-colonial reform. For others such as heritage activists, however, this seemingly trivial action is seen as a restoration of identity. Notable city names that were officially changed by legislation after independence include: For others, by state order, see list of renamed Indian cities and states . Town names that derive from ancient names: Several other changes have been proposed for states and towns. Tiruchirappalli International Airport Tiruchirappalli International Airport ( IATA : TRZ , ICAO : VOTR )
10439-632: The airfield during and after the war: When the Ceylon government asked permission to operate flights between Colombo and Trichinopoly in 1947, the Indian government improved the aerodrome for full functioning and allowed flight operations to Colombo in 1948. On 3 December 1948, Air Ceylon inaugurated a regular weekly commercial service between Colombo and Karachi, using a Dakota flight via Tiruchirappalli and Bombay. During 1950, Air Ceylon operated dedicated daily flights from Colombo to Tiruchirappalli via Jaffna . During 1952, Air India operated daily flights on
10582-418: The airport director, revenue divisional officer, joint director of agriculture, officials of Public Works Department, and other agencies concerned to expedite the land acquisition process. The state government has provided administrative sanction to acquire nearly 345.62 acres (139.87 ha) in May 2017, including dry and wet lands, besides 40 acres (16 ha) of government land. It has been decided to form
10725-453: The ambiguity, the shift to Chennai was driven more by the name Madras serving as a reminder of the remnants of colonial rule, rather than its literal linguistic associations. Similarly, Chennai was likely derived from Chennaipattanam, another town near Fort St. George. Other sources form connections to Dravidian languages, particularly the Telugu word “chennu”, meaning beautiful. Nevertheless, unlike
10868-754: The attack. The Carnatic kingdom was annexed by the British in July 1801 as a consequence of the discovery of collusion between Tipu Sultan—an enemy of the British—and Umdat Ul-Umra , son of Wallajah and the Nawab at the time, during the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War . Trichinopoly was incorporated into the Madras Presidency the same year, and the district of Trichinopoly was formed, with the city of Trichinopoly (or Tiruchirappalli) as its capital. During
11011-430: The bays has been completed and operationalised. Construction of another bay has not started as of January 2024, due to technical constraints. As part of the construction of the new terminal, an additional apron of 15,580 m (167,700 sq ft) size was constructed for parking up to 11 code C aircraft type, along with an isolation bay and GSE area including taxi tracks was completed by 31 December 2023. Located on
11154-460: The cargo terminal is 250 metric tonnes. The airport is the gateway for foreign export, as there is no easy way for export from the central region of Tamil Nadu. On 12 July 2013, the Ministry of Finance notified the airport for international courier cargo movement. However, the facilities for the same are yet to be set up by AAI. On 11 October 2013, a five-metric ton capacity cold storage facility
11297-513: The cities of Aurangabad (Marathi: औरंगाबाद) and Osmanabad (Marathi: उस्मानाबाद) had been renamed Chhatrapati Sambhaji Nagar (Marathi: छत्रपती संभाजी नगर) and Dharashiv (Marathi: धाराशिव), by then Chief Minister of Maharashtra, Uddhav Thackerey , in 2020. These proposals are changes from the Islamic name to a Hindu native name. Official name changes take place quickly if not immediately in official government sources. Adoption may be slower among
11440-621: The city Natharnagar after the Sufi saint Nathar Vali , who is thought to have lived there in the 12th century AD. Tiruchirappalli was invaded by Nanjaraja Wodeyar in 1753 and Hyder Ali of the Mysore kingdom in 1780, both attacks repulsed by the troops of the British East India Company. A third invasion attempt, by Tipu Sultan —son of Hyder Ali—in 1793, was also unsuccessful; he was pursued by British forces led by William Medows , who thwarted
11583-656: The city every day. Solid waste management in the city is handled by the corporation; places such as the Gandhi Market, Central Bus terminus and the Chathram bus terminus are being monitored by other agencies. The principal landfill is at Ariyamangalam. Waste water management in the Trichy-Srirangam underground drainage (UGD) areas is handled by the Tamil Nadu Water Supply and Drainage Board (TWAD) and in other areas by
11726-532: The city is also drained by the Uyyakondan Channel, Koraiyar and Kudamurutti river channels. The land immediately surrounding the Kaveri River—which crosses Tiruchirappalli from west to east—consists of deposits of fertile alluvial soil on which crops such as finger millet and maize are cultivated. Further south, the surface is covered by poor-quality black soil . A belt of Cretaceous rock known as
11869-408: The city is the hottest in the state. The warmest months are from April to June, when the city experiences frequent dust storms. As of November 2013, the highest temperature ever recorded in Tiruchirappalli was 43.9 °C (111.0 °F), which occurred on 2 May 1896; the lowest was observed on 6 February 1884 at 13.9 °C (57.0 °F). The high temperatures in the city have been attributed to
12012-482: The city of Faizabad district to Ayodhya district (a holy city of Hinduism). Upon the adoption of the name Prayagraj, a BJP official stated, "Today, the BJP government has rectified the mistake made by Akbar ." Within a nation dominated by a Hindu majority, politics and religion have been intertwined, allegedly silencing Muslim voices with every removal of Muslim-sounding places. Along with India’s changing image, its history
12155-589: The city the title, "Energy equipment and fabrication capital of India". Other important industries in Tiruchirappalli include Trichy Distilleries and Chemicals Limited (TDCL), which was established at Senthaneerpuram in the former Golden Rock municipality in 1966. and the Trichy Steel Rolling Mills, which was started as a private limited company on 27 June 1961. The Trichy Distilleries and Chemicals Limited manufactures rectified spirit , acetaldehyde , acetic acid , acetic anhydride and ethyl acetate . It
12298-464: The city. Textile weaving, leather-work and gem cutting are some of the important crafts practised in Tiruchirappalli. Wooden idols of Hindu gods and goddesses are sold at Poompuhar , the crafts emporium run by the Government of Tamil Nadu. The Trichy Travel Federation (TTF) was formed on 5 May 2009 to promote Tiruchirappalli as a favourable tourist destination. The federation organises an annual food festival called Suvai . Lack of infrastructure has been
12441-438: The city. Both Global System for Mobile Communications ( GSM ) and Code division multiple access (CDMA) mobile services are available. BSNL also provides broadband internet services. BSNL began offering wireless internet services with the commencement of Evolution-Data Optimized (EVDO) transmission in 2008. Tiruchirappalli is one of the few cities in India where BSNL's Caller Line Identification (CLI)-based internet service Netone
12584-459: The city. The presence of a large number of energy equipment manufacturing units in and around the city has earned it the title of "Energy Equipment and Fabrication Capital of India". It is one of the few towns and cities in List of AMRUT Smart cities in Tamil Nadu selected for AMRUT Schemes from central government and the developmental activities are taken care by government of Tamil Nadu. Tiruchirappalli
12727-669: The downfall of the Pallavas in the 8th century, the city was conquered by the Medieval Cholas , who ruled until the 13th century. After the decline of the Cholas, Tiruchirappalli was conquered by the Pandyas , who ruled from 1216 until their defeat in 1311 by Malik Kafur , the commander of Allauddin Khilji . The victorious armies of the Delhi Sultanate are believed to have plundered and ravaged
12870-567: The existing apron with the construction of a third aerobridge and ramp equipment area, measuring 2,800 sq.m. at an estimated cost of ₹ 22.5 million (US$ 270,000), which became active in January 2019. The Ministry of Civil Aviation initiated the plan to expand the apron to provide two more aircraft bays, increasing the bay count to nine. Work on additional bays was started in February 2020 at an estimated cost of ₹ 10 million (US$ 120,000), Work on one of
13013-489: The expansion. The airport is one of the non-metro airports selected for ₹ 200 crore (US$ 24 million) city side development on Public-Private Partnership (PPP) model. Due to the consistent increase in the air traffic, the existing integrated passenger terminal building became insufficient. Initially, it was planned to expand the existing integrated terminal by 180 meters on both sides, by constructing an additional 17,920 m (192,900 sq ft) area to increase
13156-400: The exports. On 1 July 2017, EDI facility was introduced at the cargo terminal. With this facility, speedy and electronic clearance of freight is assured eliminating the manual process, making the export process more simple. This is expected to pave the way for additional commodities being exported from the airport. The airport's older runway, 15/33, was closed as part of early development, and
13299-452: The first post-independence Chief Minister of West Bengal. Gradual replacement of British claim in street and place names marked the reclaiming of symbolic ownership of the urban land. However, these changes were also received with varying degrees of discontent, given that the decisions lie in the hands of the greater social and political powers. In other instances, such as Madras (the capital of Tamil Nadu) being rebranded as Chennai in 1996,
13442-494: The following: The current runway at the airport is one of the shortest runways among all the international airports in India. The original runway was planned to be expanded in two phases. Phase 1 is completed, and as part of the Phase 2 expansion, the runway is planned to be extended to 3,200 m (10,500 ft) initially from the existing 2,480 m (8,140 ft), and later to 3,800 m (12,500 ft). AAI has sought land to
13585-626: The former fled to Tiruchirappalli, where he set up his base. The subsequent siege of Trichinopoly (1751-1752) by Chanda Sahib took place during the Second Carnatic War between the British East India Company and Muhammed Ali Khan Wallajah on one side and Chanda Sahib and the French East India Company on the other. The British were victorious and Wallajah was restored to the throne. During his reign he proposed renaming
13728-430: The good done as well. Given India’s vast size and population, numerous efforts to decolonize and standardize India’s city names have been observed. One prominent example to spark controversy is India’s first modern city in which British power was once consolidated–the city that was previously known as Calcutta (British pronunciation) has been referred to as Kolkata (local Bengali pronunciation) since 2001. Unsurprisingly,
13871-475: The hangar, which was previously used by V.K.N. Aviation Academy. They also have created three computer-aided smart classrooms facility in the airport. The Government of Tamil Nadu has allocated two acres (0.81 ha) of its land adjoining to the airport for the club to set up its operational infrastructure. Tiruchirappalli Airport has been undergoing expansion since 2004. The runway was extended from 1,800 m (6,000 ft) to 2,480 m (8,136 ft),
14014-636: The island of Srirangam which is now incorporated into the Tiruchirappalli City Municipal Corporation . The city occupies an area of 167.23 square kilometres (64.57 sq mi) and had a population of 916,857 in 2011. Tiruchirappalli's recorded history begins in the 3rd century BC, when it was under the rule of the Cholas . The city has also been ruled by the Mutharaiyars , Pallavas , Pandyas , Vijayanagar Empire , Nayak Dynasty ,
14157-454: The last Madurai Nayak ruler, Meenakshi , committed suicide, and Tiruchirappalli was conquered by Chanda Sahib . He ruled the kingdom from 1736 to 1741, when he was captured and imprisoned by the Marathas in the siege of Trichinopoly (1741) led by general Raghuji Bhonsle under the orders of Chhattrapati Shahu . Chanda Sahib remained prisoner for about eight years before making his escape from
14300-575: The late 1980s, a synthetic gem industry was developed in the city; the gemstones are cut and polished in Tiruchirappalli district and in Pudukottai district . In 1990, the Indian government launched a scheme to increase employment by boosting the production of American diamonds and training local artisans in semi-automated machinery and technology. The local gem industry was reportedly generating annual revenues of ₹ 100 million (equivalent to ₹ 600 million or US$ 7.1 million in 2023) by
14443-454: The media in India and abroad, and among Indian authors. Indian culture features a centuries long integration of ethnic and religious groups, however, occurrences such as the renaming of Indian cities and places bring the underlying tensions among these groups to the surface. This is most easily demonstrated through opposing interests and interpretations of history between the nation’s Muslim and Hindu populations. Immediate post-colonialism saw
14586-630: The mid-1990s. Concerns have been raised over the employment of children aged 9–14 in the gem cutting and polishing industry. As a result, in 1996, Tiruchirappalli district was selected to be involved in the National Child Labour Project and in the running of special schools to educate working children. As of December 2010, the Tiruchirappalli region annually exports around ₹ 262.1 million (equivalent to ₹ 590 million or US$ 7.0 million in 2023) of software. The ELCOT IT Park Trichy —the city's first IT park—commissioned at
14729-485: The morality behind rewriting history as the values and attitudes of generations change, eroding the cultural authenticity as we do. The implementation of Hinduism in politics served as a catalyst for further cultural and psychological struggles as Muslim Indians expressed greater insecurity in their heritage and identity as citizens of India. With the addition of Hindu pride stirring hatred towards certain minorities, these developments seem to contradict India’s claim of being
14872-559: The name may derive from a rock inscription carved in the 16th century in which Tiruchirappalli is written as Tiru-ssila-palli , meaning "holy-rock-town" in Tamil . Other scholars have suggested that the name Tiruchirappalli is a rewording of Tiru-chinna-palli , meaning "holy little town". The Madras Glossary gives the root as Tiruććināppalli or the "holy ( tiru ) village ( palli ) of the shina ( Cissampelos pareira ) plant". According to Hindu mythology , Tiruchirappalli derives its name from
15015-411: The new Integrated Passenger Terminal which was inaugurated on 2 January 2024 and began operations from 11 June 2024. The building has an area of 75,000 m (810,000 sq ft), with capacity to handle 4.5 million passengers per year and peak-hour handling capacity of 3,480 passengers. It has been constructed as per Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment (GRIHA) four-star rating standards
15158-399: The new apron, parallel taxiway E1, E2, E3 and four new taxiways F, G, H and J were activated. All the aircraft flying in the Tiruchirappalli control area and operated out of Tiruchirappalli Airport are handled from the air traffic control (ATC) tower located in the cargo terminal building. Trichy ATC is one of the oldest towers in India, and began operations on 5 November 1960. Along with
15301-438: The new terminal project AAI has proposed to construct a new Category-II technical block cum air traffic control tower. Initially it was proposed to construct a 42.5 meters tall tower, but after a feasibility study was done to increase the height to 75 meters, it was finalised to be 46 meters tall, including the top antenna. Tenders for the construction were floated at a cost of 51.49 crores in July 2022. Work began in July 2023 and
15444-469: The north-east monsoon winds, and from December to February the climate is cool and moist. The average annual rainfall is 841.9 mm (33.15 in), slightly lower than the state's average of 945 mm (37.2 in). Fog and dew are rare and occur only during the winter season. Trichy has been ranked 11th best “National Clean Air City” (under Category 1 >10L Population cities) in India according to 'Swachh Vayu Survekshan 2024 Results' According to
15587-471: The northern parts of the kingdom, and Tiruchirappalli was taken by the Vijayanagar prince Kumara Kampanna Udaiyar in 1371. The Vijayanagar Empire ruled the region from 1378 until the 1530s, and played a prominent role in reviving Hinduism by reconstructing temples and monuments destroyed by the previous Muslim rulers. Following the collapse of the Vijayanagar Empire in the early part of the 16th century,
15730-415: The office caters to the needs of Trichy and seven adjacent districts namely, Karur , Nagappattinam, Perambalur, Pudukkottai, Thanjavur, Ariyalur and Tiruvarur. During British rule, Tiruchirappalli was known for its tanneries, cigar-manufacturing units and oil presses. At its peak, more than 12 million cigars were manufactured and exported annually. Tanned hides and skins from Tiruchirappalli were exported to
15873-622: The offices of a Sri Lankan airline were attacked in the city. In September 2012, two groups of Sri Lankan pilgrims who had visited the Basilica of Our Lady of Good Health in Velankanni and the Poondi Madha Basilica had their buses attacked in Tiruchirappalli by a group of Tamil activists. Owing to a series of terrorist attacks in Indian cities since 2000, security has been increased at sites such as Sri Ranganathaswamy Temple . Tiruchirappalli
16016-521: The official English spellings of local names there have also been renaming proposals to realign the official name, hence the English name with an alternative local name. Ethnically sensitive examples include the proposals by the Bharatiya Janata Party (1990, 2001) to rename Ahmedabad (Hindi: अहमदाबाद) to Karnavati and Allahabad (Hindi: इलाहाबाद) to Prayagraj (Hindi: प्रयागराज), the latter ultimately being officially adopted in 2018. Similarly,
16159-477: The outskirts of the city. Covering 18 square kilometres (6.9 sq mi), the municipality of Tiruchirappalli was inaugurated under the Town Improvements Act 1865 on 1 November 1866; it originally consisted of two ex-officers and nine nominated members. Council elections were introduced in 1877 and the first chairman was elected in 1889. The municipality was upgraded to a municipal corporation as per
16302-434: The passenger handling capacity to 1,075 peak-hour passengers, but later, the Ministry of Civil Aviation initiated the construction of a new two-level passenger terminal at a cost of ₹ 951 crore (equivalent to ₹ 11 billion or US$ 130 million in 2023). during February 2019 and completed at a cost of ₹ 11.12 billion (US$ 130 million) and began operations on 11 June 2024. The expansion project includes
16445-516: The point, a few examples are Quilandy versus Koyilandy (Malayalam: കൊയിലാണ്ടി), Cannanore versus Kannur (Malayalam: കണ്ണൂർ), and Rangiya versus Rangia (Assamese: ৰঙিয়া). Different departments of the government may have used official spellings in use at the time, while locations associated with Indian railways mostly maintained British-era spellings. The confusion inherent in such variations has often resulted in serious consequences like people having two "different" addresses (theoretically designating
16588-471: The presence of two rivers—Kaveri and Kollidam—and the absence of greenery around the city. As Tiruchirappalli is on the Deccan Plateau the days are extremely warm and dry; evenings are cooler because of cold winds that blow from the south-east. From June to September, the city experiences a moderate climate tempered by heavy rain and thundershowers. Rainfall is heaviest between October and December because of
16731-498: The quality of the groundwater was suitable for human consumption, the quality of the pond water in the city was "not fit for human usage, agricultural or industrial purposes". Under the National Urban Sanitation Policy, Tiruchirappalli was ranked sixth in India and first in Tamil Nadu on the basis of sanitation for the year 2009–10. In January 2010, Tiruchirappalli became the first city in India where open defecation
16874-510: The region. The statue of the Hindu god Ranganatha in the temple of Srirangam vanished at about this time and was not recovered and reinstated for more than fifty years. Tiruchirappalli was ruled by the Delhi and Madurai sultanates from 1311 to 1378, but by the middle of the 14th century the Madurai Sultanate had begun to fall apart. Gradually, the Vijayanagar Empire established supremacy over
17017-498: The renaming of predominantly Hindi-speaking Uttaranchal ( Hindi : उत्तराञ्चल ) to a new local Hindi name (Hindi: उत्तराखण्ड Uttarakhand ). Other changes were only changes in some of the indigenous languages. For example, the renaming of the Madras Presidency to Madras State in 1947 and then Tamil Nadu in 1969 required non-Tamil speakers to change from an approximation of the British name ( Tamil : மதராஸ் மாகாணம் Madras Presidency , then Madras State Tamil: மதராஸ் மாநிலம் ) to
17160-428: The renaming trend was not limited to just city names, being further reflected in the postcolonial adoption of prominent Bengali figures as street names, parks, and significant landmarks. Notably, streets originally dedicated to notable colonial rulers such as Wellesley Street and Cornwallis Street are now proudly displayed as Rafi Ahmed Kidwai Road and Bidhan Sarani , commemorating an Indian independence activist and
17303-470: The same place) in their official records leading to legal disputes, or one house having residents of different house addresses due to differing place names. Many people argue that such confusion can lead to indeterminate and/or unintended consequences. In the post-colonial era, several Indian states' names were changed. Some of these changes coincided with the States Reorganisation Act of 1956,
17446-455: The south and south-west. Tiruchirappalli is completely surrounded by agricultural fields. Densely populated industrial and residential areas have recently been built in the northern part of the city, and the southern edge also has residential areas. The older part of Tiruchirappalli, within the Rockfort, is unplanned and congested while the adjoining newer sections are better executed. Many of the old houses in Srirangam were constructed according to
17589-538: The substantial number of Muslims in the city. Nationwide festivals such as the Gregorian New Year , Christmas, Deepavali and Holi are also celebrated in Tiruchirappalli. The 12th century Tamil epic Kambaramayanam was first recited at the Ranganathaswamy temple in Srirangam. In 1771, Rama Natakam , a musical drama written Arunachala Kavi and based on the Ramayana , was also performed there. Tiruchirappalli
17732-713: The temples in Urayur , are built in the Dravidian style of architecture ; the Ranganathaswamy Temple and Jambukeswarar Temple are often counted among the best examples of this style. The rock-cut cave temples of the Rockfort, along with the gateway and the Erumbeeswarar Temple, are listed as monuments of national importance by the Archaeological Survey of India . Considered one of the symbols of Tiruchirappalli,
17875-405: The third-busiest airport in the state in terms of passengers served after Chennai and Coimbatore , and the second-busiest airport in the state in terms of international connectivity, after Chennai . The airport handled by Airports Authority of India is served by two Indian and five foreign carriers providing direct connectivity to four domestic and ten international destinations. The airport
18018-562: The three-headed demon Trishira , who meditated on the Hindu god Shiva near the present-day city to obtain favours from the god. An alternative derivation, albeit not universally accepted, is that the source of the city's name is the Sanskrit word "Trishirapuram"— Trishira , meaning "three-headed", and palli or puram meaning "city". Tiruchirappalli is one of the oldest inhabited cities in Tamil Nadu ; its earliest settlements date back to
18161-442: The total about 188 acres (76 ha) are dry land, 116 acres (47 ha) wetland, 164.68 acres (66.64 ha) defense land, 40.59 acres (16.43 ha) wasteland and 5.8 acres (2.3 ha) is with Hindu Religious and Charitable Trust. To facilitate fast process on the airport expansion, a joint technical advisory committee involving the departments of agriculture, public works department and revenue had been formed during 2012, which
18304-455: The transition was regarded with less contention, in part due to the vague origins of the name Madras. Historically recognized as a significant administrative, military, and economic center, the name was believed to originate from Madrasapattinam, a fishing village north of Fort St. George built by the British. Other theories include Portuguese influence (Madre de Deus, meaning Mother of God) or Sanskrit derivations (Madhu-ras, meaning honey). Despite
18447-494: The waste water released by the Trichy Distilleries and Chemicals Limited (TDCL) is a major cause of concern for the corporation. The corporation's annual expenditure for the year 2010–11 was estimated to be ₹ 1,559.4 million (equivalent to ₹ 3.2 billion or US$ 38 million in 2023). In 2013, researchers from Bharathidasan University assessed water quality in the Tiruchirappalli area and concluded that although
18590-1009: The world. The archaeologically important town of Uraiyur , capital of the Early Cholas , is now a neighbourhood in Tiruchirappalli. The city played a critical role in the Carnatic Wars (1746–1763) between the British and the French East India companies . The city is an important educational centre in the state of Tamil Nadu, and houses nationally recognized institutions such as National Institute of Technology (NIT), Indian Institute of Management (IIM), Bharathidasan University (BDU), Indian Institute of Information Technology (IIIT), Tamil Nadu National Law University (NLU), Government Medical College . Industrial units such as Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL), Golden Rock Railway Workshop , Ordnance Factory Tiruchirappalli (OFT) and High Energy Projectile Factory (HEPF) have their factories in
18733-517: Was built at a cost of ₹ 800 million (US$ 9.6 million) was inaugurated on 21 February 2009 and operations started from 1 June 2009. The two-story terminal has a floor area of 11,777 m (126,770 sq ft) with handling capacity of 0.49 million passengers per annum and peak hour capacity of 470 passengers. Some of the features of the terminal include: The integrated terminal had two lounges, VIP lounge and commercial important persons (CIP) lounge which were managed by AAI. The old terminal
18876-564: Was categorised into four pillars, namely Institutional, Social, Economic and Physical, which comprised 78 indicators such as urban transport, waste water management, solid waste management and governance. Tiruchirappalli comes under the Tiruchi Telecom District of the Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL), India's state-owned telecom and internet services provider. There are about 20,000 business telephone subscribers in
19019-473: Was commonly referred to in English as "Trichinopoly". The shortened forms "Trichy" or "Tiruchi" are used in everyday speech and the full name Tiruchirapalli appears in official use by government and quasi-government offices but seldom used by the general public. According to the late scholar C. P. Brown , Tiruchirappalli might be a derivative of the word Chiruta-palli (lit. "little town"). Orientalists Henry Yule and Arthur Coke Burnell have speculated that
19162-452: Was constructed at a cost of ₹ 11.12 billion (US$ 130 million) The terminal's design is inspired by the monuments of Tiruchirapalli, festivals like Pongal , art forms like kolam and ancient Tamil architecture forms like gopurams , placed on both sides of the entrance gates. The large roof of the terminal over the departure concourse is derived from traditional southern Indian architecture. A big temple tower-like structure, resembling
19305-468: Was converted into an international cargo complex at a cost of ₹ 10 million. The 4,000 m (43,000 sq ft) cargo complex was commissioned for operations on 21 November 2011. The export wing occupies 2,193 m (23,610 sq ft) and 1,750 m (18,800 sq ft) for the import wing. The Central Board of Excise and Customs had earlier approved and notified the airport as an air cargo complex. The one-time holding capacity of
19448-532: Was estimated at around 250,000. The city's population is predominantly Hindu . Muslims constitute about twenty percent, and there is also a considerable Christian population. Sikhs and Jains are present in smaller numbers. Roman Catholics in Tiruchirappalli are affiliated to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Tiruchirapalli while Protestants are affiliated to the Trichy–Tanjore Diocese of
19591-487: Was expected to take two years. Salient features of the project are: The Madras Flying Club started in 1929 during the Madras Presidency during British Raj . Operated previously in Chennai Airport premises, it had to shift its operations to Tiruchirapalli due to congestion and operational difficulties. The academy began its operations at the airport on 10 January 2020, where they have placed 6 training aircraft at
19734-523: Was followed by a seamless steel plant and a boiler auxiliaries plant. In 2010, the Tiruchirappalli unit of the company contributed to nearly 30 per cent of its total sales, making it the largest of all units. As of 2011, the Tiruchirappalli division employed about 10,000 people, and is supported by a number of ancillary industries producing almost 250,000 tonnes (250,000,000 kg) of fabricated materials. These ancillary units together with BHEL contribute nearly 60 per cent of India's steel fabrication, earning
19877-401: Was home to some of the prominent Carnatic musicians —including Lalgudi Jayaraman , Srirangam Kannan and A. K. C. Natarajan —and scholars such as T. S. Murugesan Pillai , Kundalam Rangachariar and K. A. P. Viswanatham . Composers, poets and vocalists such as G. Ramanathan , T. K. Ramamoorthy , Vaali and P. Madhuri , who have made significant contributions to Tamil film music hail from
20020-406: Was inaugurated at the cargo section. This facility will be helpful during flight delay, flight cancellation, advance booking and holiday bookings of cargo. On 21 April 2017, a dedicated import cargo facility was created on 190 m (2,000 sq ft) at a cost of ₹ 2 million (US$ 24,000) to encourage more imports through the airport. At present, the imports are very minimal as compared with
20163-399: Was operated by Miles M4A Merlin aircraft registered as VT-AHC and piloted by H. D. Barucha, the return flight to Madras via Trichinopoly occurred the next day. This flight was a precursor for the extension of their regular Karachi-Madras Airmail service until Colombo via Trichinopoly, which began operations on 28 February 1938. There is evidence of weekly Air Mail service in operation on
20306-505: Was prevented in all its slums. In a 2016 survey conducted by the Ministry of Urban Development , as a part of the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan campaign, Tiruchirappalli was ranked third in the list of cleanest cities in India . Under the ease of living index 2018 published by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, Tiruchirappalli was ranked twelfth in India and first in Tamil Nadu among the 111 cities considered. The ranking framework
20449-608: Was the base for the Vedaranyam salt march initiated by C. Rajagopalachari in parallel with the Dandi March in 1930. Tiruchirappalli was an epicentre of the anti-Hindi agitations of Tamil Nadu when a team of Tamil language supporters gathered and organised a rally from the city to Madras in 1938 . Later in 1965, Tiruchirappalli was made the base of the "Madras state Anti-Hindi Conference" convened by C. Rajagopalachari. The population of Tiruchirappalli continued to grow rapidly, achieving
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