Theater Die Kleine Freiheit was a theatre in Munich , Bavaria , Germany . It was closed in November 1996.
69-585: The cabaret presented its first program at the Atelier Theater in Elisabethstrasse on January 24-25, 1951. The main author was the writer Erich Kästner , while Kolman directed. The performers were mainly employees of the former cabaret "Die Schaubude," including Ursula Herking, Oliver Hassencamp and Bum Krüger. 48°08′19″N 11°35′02″E / 48.13861°N 11.58389°E / 48.13861; 11.58389 This European theatre-related article
138-598: A (non-existent) film, Das falsche Gesicht (The Wrong Face). The actual purpose of the journey was to avoid the final Soviet assault on Berlin. Kästner had also received a warning that the SS planned to kill him and other Nazi opponents before arrival of the Soviets. He was in Mayrhofen when the war ended. He wrote about this period in a diary published in 1961 under the title Notabene 45 . Another edition, closer to Kästner's original notes,
207-638: A German from Dresden in Saxony My homeland won't let me go I'm like a tree that, grown in Germany, Will likely wither there also. The Gestapo interrogated Kästner several times, the national writers' guild expelled him, and the Nazis burned his books as "contrary to the German spirit" during the book burnings of 10 May 1933, instigated by Joseph Goebbels . Kästner witnessed the event in person and later wrote about it. He
276-548: A Little Boy ). According to Kästner, he did not suffer from being an only child , had many friends, and was not lonely or overindulged. In 1913, Kästner entered a teacher training school in Dresden. However, he dropped out in 1916 shortly before completing the exams that would have qualified him to teach in state schools. He was drafted into the Royal Saxon Army in 1917 and was trained at a heavy artillery unit in Dresden. Kästner
345-592: A consortium of five European universities: Leipzig University, the London School of Economics , University of Vienna , University of Wroclaw and Roskilde University . In the field of anthropology, the university is cooperating with the Leipzig Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology . In 1995, the Leibniz-Institute for Jewish History and Culture named after Simon Dubnow was formed as
414-416: A first prize was not awarded by the jury. A lobby with partial support of the provincial government called for the rebuilding of St. Paul's Church and Augusteum . This caused the resistance of the university leadership, the majority of the students and population of Leipzig. On 24 March 2004 a jury chose a design by Dutch architect Erick van Egeraat , which was well received by almost all parties. He recalls
483-589: A founder of modern physical chemistry ) taught at Leipzig. Leipzig University was one of the first German universities to allow women to register as "guest students". At its general assembly in 1873, the Allgemeiner Deutscher Frauenverein [ de ] thanked the University of Leipzig and Prague for allowing women to attend as guest students. This was the year that the first woman in Germany obtained her JD, Johanna von Evreinov . During
552-506: A freelance correspondent. Kästner later used several other pseudonyms, including "Melchior Kurtz", "Peter Flint", and "Robert Neuner". Kästner's years in Berlin, from 1927 until the end of the Weimar Republic in 1933, were his most productive. He published poems, newspaper columns, articles, and reviews in many of Berlin's important periodicals. He was a regular contributor to dailies such as
621-496: A lament for Dresden (quoted from the English translation, When I Was a Little Boy ): "I was born in the most beautiful city in the world. Even if your father, child, was the richest man in the world, he could not take you to see it, because it does not exist any more. ... In a thousand years was her beauty built, in one night was it utterly destroyed." After the end of the war, Kästner moved to Munich , where he became culture editor for
690-618: A manuscript of 16th century music, is housed in the Leipzig University library, as well as the Papyrus Ebers . The Leipzig University Library also owns parts of the Codex Sinaiticus , a Bible manuscript from the 4th century, brought from Sinai in 1843 by Constantin von Tischendorf . Papyrus Ebers is the longest and oldest surviving medical manuscript from ancient Egypt, dated to around 1600 BC. The Codex contains large parts of
759-595: A member of NATO , and rearmed it for possible military conflict with the Warsaw Pact . Kästner remained a pacifist and spoke out at anti-militarist demonstrations against the nuclear weapons in West Germany. Later, he also took firm stand against the Vietnam War . Kästner began to publish less and less, partly because of his increasing alcoholism. He did not join any of the post-war literary movements in West Germany, and in
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#1733094400535828-556: A newspaper, the Neue Leipziger Zeitung . However, his increasingly critical reviews, and the "frivolous" publication of his erotic poem "Abendlied des Kammervirtuosen" (Evening Song of the Chamber Virtuoso) with illustrations by Erich Ohser , led to his dismissal in 1927. That same year, he moved to Berlin, although he continued to write for the Neue Leipziger Zeitung under the pseudonym "Berthold Bürger" ("Bert Citizen") as
897-537: A pacifist satire in which the world's animals unite to successfully force humans to disarm and make peace. This picture book was made into an animated film [ de ] by Curt Linda. Kästner also renewed his collaboration with Edmund Nick , whom he had met in Leipzig in 1929, when Nick, then Head of the Music Department at Radio Silesia, wrote the music for Kästner's radio play Leben in dieser Zeit . Nick, now
966-562: A research institution related to the university. Since 2008 the university is also home to one of Germany's few Confucius Institutes . The institute is based on an agreement of June 2006 between the university administration and representatives of the Chinese Embassy to establish a Confucius Institute in cooperation with the Renmin University and the "National Office for Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language". Leipzig University has been
1035-418: A thriving student life with a large number of student run bars, sports clubs and recreational facilities for students. The student body in Leipzig is diverse, not only due to the broad spectrum of subjects at the university but also because of the other higher education institutions in the city. The Moritzbastei is the largest student club in Germany, it is part of the historic city fortifications of Leipzig and
1104-461: Is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article about a Bavarian building or structure is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Erich K%C3%A4stner Emil Erich Kästner ( German: [ˈʔeːʁɪç ˈkɛstnɐ] ; 23 February 1899 – 29 July 1974) was a German writer, poet, screenwriter and satirist , known primarily for his humorous, socially astute poems and for children's books including Emil and
1173-758: Is associated with ten Nobel laureates , most recently with Svante Pääbo who won the Nobel Prize for Medicine in 2022. The university was modelled on the University of Prague , from which the German-speaking faculty members withdrew to Leipzig after the Jan Hus crisis and the Decree of Kutná Hora . The Alma mater Lipsiensis opened in 1409, after it had been officially chartered by Pope Alexander V in his Bull of Acknowledgment on (9 September of that year). Its first rector
1242-532: Is famous for its atmosphere and large number of cultural events. The university is home to the Leipzig Academic Orchestra and the University Choir of Leipzig. There are numerous courses offered in performing arts every semester and a dance festival is organised by students once a year. In the field of sports, the university offers training opportunities and courses in almost all disciplines. During
1311-736: The Berliner Tageblatt and the Vossische Zeitung , as well as to Die Weltbühne . Hans Sarkowicz and Franz Josef Görtz, the editors of his complete works (1998), list over 350 articles written between 1923 and 1933, but he must have written even more, since many texts are known to have been lost when Kästner's flat burned down during a bombing raid in February 1944. Kästner published his first book of poems, Herz auf Taille , in 1928, and by 1933 he had published three more collections. His Gebrauchslyrik ( Lyrics for Everyday Use ) made him one of
1380-762: The Neue Zeitung and publisher of Pinguin [ de ] , a magazine for children and young people. He was also active in literary cabaret , in productions at the Schaubude (1945–1948) and Die kleine Freiheit (after 1951), and in radio. During this time, he wrote a number of skits , songs, audio plays, speeches , and essays about National Socialism , the war years, and the stark realities of life in post-war Germany. Most notable among these works are Marschlied 1945 and Deutsches Ringelspiel . He also continued to write children's books, including Die Konferenz der Tiere [ de ] ( The Animals' Conference ),
1449-520: The Abitur exam with distinction, earning a scholarship from the city of Dresden. In the autumn of 1919, Kästner enrolled at the University of Leipzig to study history, philosophy, German studies, and theater. His studies took him to Rostock and Berlin, and in 1925 he received a doctorate for a thesis on Frederick the Great and German literature. He paid for his studies by working as a journalist and critic for
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#17330944005351518-744: The Cuvilliés Theatre in Munich, and for the radio, for which he read Als ich ein kleiner Junge war and other works. Kästner died of esophageal cancer on 29 July 1974 in the Neuperlach Hospital in Munich. He was buried in the St. George cemetery in the Bogenhausen district of Munich. Shortly after his death, the Bavarian Academy of Arts established a literary prize in his name. Many streets in Germany and
1587-655: The Hans Christian Andersen Award for Als ich ein kleiner Junge war , his autobiography. The English translation by Florence and Isabel McHugh, published as When I Was a Little Boy in 1959, won the Lewis Carroll Shelf Award in 1961. Kästner received several other awards, including the Filmband in Gold for best screenplay for the German film version of Das doppelte Lottchen (1950), the literary prize of
1656-467: The decline and dissolution of the Ottoman Empire in the 19th and first decade of 20th century together with some other German universities Leipzig University turned into one of the centers of higher education for state administrations and elites of newly independent Balkan states ( Romania , Greece , Bulgaria and Serbia ) educating over 5,500 students from the region in 1859–1909 period. Until
1725-439: The 1950s and 1960s he came to be perceived mainly as an author of children's books. His novel Fabian was made into a movie in 1980, as were several of his children's books. The most popular of these adaptations are Disney 's 1961 American film The Parent Trap starring Hayley Mills and its 1998 remake starring Lindsay Lohan , both based on his novel Das doppelte Lottchen ( Lisa and Lottie ). In 1960, Kästner received
1794-844: The 19th century. Like many European universities, the University of Leipzig was structured into colleges ( collegia ) responsible for organising accommodation and collegiate lecturing. Among the colleges of Leipzig were the Small College, the Large College, the Red College ( Rotes Kolleg , also known as the New College), the college of our Lady ( Frauenkolleg ) and the Pauliner-College ( Pauliner Kolleg ). There were also private residential halls ( bursen , see English 'bursaries'). The colleges had jurisdiction over their members. The college structure
1863-687: The Detectives and Lisa and Lottie . He received the international Hans Christian Andersen Award in 1960 for his autobiography Als ich ein kleiner Junge war [ de ] . He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature in six separate years. Kästner was born in Dresden , Saxony , and grew up on Königsbrücker Straße in Dresden's Äußere Neustadt . Close by, the Erich Kästner Museum
1932-593: The Far East are strong as well, e.g. there are cooperations with leading institutions such as Moscow's Lomonosov University and Renmin University in Beijing. There are several International Master's programs: American Studies, Global Studies, Sustainable Development Studies, SEPT (MBA in SME Promotion) and one Bachelor/Master's/Ph.D. program (International Physics Studies Program ) taught in English. American Studies Leipzig
2001-533: The Musical Director at the Schaubude, set more than 60 of Kästner's songs to music. Kästner's optimism in the immediate post-war era gave way to resignation as Germans in the West attempted to normalize their lives following the economic reforms of the early 1950s and the ensuing "economic miracle" (" Wirtschaftswunder "). He became further disillusioned as Chancellor Konrad Adenauer remilitarized West Germany, made it
2070-703: The Old Testament and a complete New Testament in ancient Greek, and is one of the most important known manuscripts of the Greek Old Testament and the New Testament. It is the oldest fully preserved copy of the New Testament. Some of the University Library locations in Leipzig are: In addition to the university library, one of the two centers of the German National Library is based at Leipzig,
2139-504: The asteroid 12318 Kästner are named after him. A list of his works under their German titles, arranged by their German publication dates: University of Leipzig Leipzig University (German: Universität Leipzig ), in Leipzig in Saxony , Germany, is one of the world's oldest universities and the second-oldest university (by consecutive years of existence) in Germany. The university
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2208-574: The beginning of the Second World War , Leipzig University attracted a number of renowned scholars and later Nobel Prize laureates , including Paul Ehrlich, Felix Bloch, Werner Heisenberg and Sin-Itiro Tomonaga. Many of the university's alumni became important scientists. Under Nazi rule many degrees of Jews were cancelled. Some were later reinstated as Karl-Marx University degrees by the GDR. Noteworthy Nazis, such as Max Clara (chair of anatomy) taught at
2277-403: The cinema several times: in 1954 by Kurt Hoffmann , in 1973 by Werner Jacobs and in 2003 [ de ] by Tomy Wigand [ de ] . In 1932 Kästner wrote Der 35. Mai (The 35th of May) , which is set in a fantasy land entered via a wardrobe and includes futuristic features such as mobile phones. Gerhard Lamprecht 's film version of Emil und die Detektive (1931)
2346-776: The city of Munich in 1956, and the Georg Büchner Prize in 1957. The government of West Germany honored Kästner with its order of merit, the Bundesverdienstkreuz ( Federal Cross of Merit ), in 1959. In 1968 he received the Lessing-Ring [ de ] together with the literary prize of the German Masonic Order . In 1951, Kästner was elected President of the PEN Center of West Germany, and he remained in office until 1961. In 1965 he became President Emeritus. He
2415-480: The collections of which are open to use for academic research. The original four facilities were the Faculty of Arts, Theology, Medicine, and Law. As of November 2021, the university comprises the following 14 faculties with institutes and centers associated with each one. Today, the university has 14 faculties. With over 29,000 students, it is Saxony's second-largest university. There are now more than 150 institutes and
2484-411: The destruction of most of the buildings and the majority of its libraries, this kernel is represented by the professoriate alone. This is what must be preserved as the great repository of value in the university. By the end of the war 60 per cent of the university's buildings and 70 per cent of its books had been destroyed. The university reopened after the war on 5 February 1946, but it was affected by
2553-518: The group, Herbert Belter , was executed in 1951 in Moscow. The German Democratic Republic was created in 1949, and in 1953 for Karl Marx Year the university was renamed by its government the Karl Marx University, Leipzig after Karl Marx . In 1968, the partly damaged Augusteum , including Johanneum and Albertinum and the intact Paulinerkirche , were demolished to make way for a redevelopment of
2622-543: The home of the first German chair for Chinese and East Asian Languages in the 19th century, which later became the Institute of East Asian Studies, which still exists today (see Georg von der Gabelentz ). Leipzig University is recognized in several university ranking systems. In the 2024 QS World University Rankings , the university was ranked 479th globally, placing it within the top 30 (29th) nationally. The Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU), for 2023, positioned
2691-626: The leading figure of the Neue Sachlichkeit movement, which focused on using a sobering, distant and objective style to satirise contemporary society. In the autumn of 1928, he published his best-known children's book, Emil und die Detektive , illustrated by Walter Trier . The owner of the Weltbühne publishing house, Edith Jacobsen, had suggested the idea of writing a detective story to Kästner. The book sold two million copies in Germany alone and has since been translated into 59 languages. The novel
2760-420: The most difficult hour of its more than five-hundred-year history has bonded the professors with each other and with the students. The special task of repairing the damage caused by air attacks has now broadened out to the more general duty to save the continuity of our university and preserve its substance, at the very least its indestructible kernel, through the crisis that has now reached its fullest stage. After
2829-415: The outer form of the St. Paul's Church (today called Paulinum ) and Augusteum, and abstracted the original building complex. Renovations began in the summer of 2005. In 2008 the university was able to prevail in the nationwide "Initiative of Excellence" of Germany and it was granted the graduate school " BuildMoNa : Leipzig School of Natural Sciences – Building with Molecules and Nano-objects". In addition,
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2898-525: The renovation project is 140 million euros. The new buildings were scheduled to be completed in 2009/2010, in time for the university's 600th anniversary celebrations. Besides the faculties and other teaching institutions, several other bodies serve the university: the University Library, a university archive and administration, numerous museums (e.g. the Museum for Music Instruments and the Museum of Ancient Egypt) and
2967-477: The screenplay for Münchhausen , using the pseudonym Berthold Bürger. The film was a prestige project by Ufa Studios to celebrate the twenty-fifth anniversary of its establishment, an enterprise backed by Goebbels. In 1944, Kästner's home in Berlin was destroyed during a bombing raid. In early 1945, he and others pretended that they had to travel to the rural community of Mayrhofen in Tyrol for location shooting for
3036-648: The signatories to the Urgent Call for Unity . However, unlike many other authors critical of the dictatorship, Kästner did not go into exile. After the Nazis' rise to power, he visited Merano and Switzerland and met with exiled writers, yet he returned to Berlin, arguing that there he would be better able to chronicle events. It is probable that he also wanted to avoid abandoning his mother. His Necessary Answer to Superfluous Questions ( Notwendige Antwort auf überflüssige Fragen ) in Kurz und Bündig explains Kästner's position: I'm
3105-498: The subgenre of literature about child detectives. Emil und die Detektive has been adapted for the cinema five times, three of them in Germany: in 1931, 1935 (UK), 1954, 1964 (USA) and 2001. Kästner followed this success with Pünktchen und Anton (1931) and Das fliegende Klassenzimmer (1933). Walter Trier 's illustration significantly contributed to the books' overwhelming popularity. Das fliegende Klassenzimmer has been adapted for
3174-574: The times as well as the downfall of the Weimar Republic . From 1927 until 1931, Kästner lived at Prager Straße 17 (today near no. 12) in Berlin–; Wilmersdorf and after that, until February 1945, at Roscherstraße 16 in Berlin- Charlottenburg . Kästner was a pacifist and wrote for children because of his belief in the regenerative powers of youth. He resisted the Nazi regime and was one of
3243-411: The uniformity imposed on social institutions in the Soviet occupation zone . In 1948 the freely elected student council was disbanded and replaced by Free German Youth members. The chairman of the Student Council, Wolfgang Natonek , and other members were arrested and imprisoned, but the university was also a nucleus of resistance. Thus began the Belter group, with flyers for free elections. The head of
3312-416: The university and were appointed to positions with great authority. The university was kept open throughout World War II, even after the destruction of its buildings. During the war the acting rector, Erich Maschke , described the continuation of the university in a memo on 11 May 1945, announcing the vote for a new rector: Since 4 December 1943 a fixed determination not to abandon the Leipzig University in
3381-454: The university hospital. The university's Leipzig Botanical Garden , the second-oldest botanical garden in Europe. was established in 1542. The university's Musical Instrument Museum includes one of the world's three surviving pianos built by Bartolomeo Cristofori , the piano's inventor. Five other Cristofori instruments are included in the museum's collections. Key Central institutions of the university are The University Library of Leipzig
3450-496: The university in the range of 201–300 on the global scale and somewhere between 10th and 19th within the country. The university is ranked 18th in Germany, 98th in Europe, and 264th in the world by the web-based Webometrics Ranking of World Universities, a ranking evaluating universities' scientific online publications. Leipzig university has a large body of international students. In winter term 2017, out of its 28,797 students about 11% (3,174) were foreign students. Leipzig has
3519-418: The university is spread across 38 locations in Leipzig. The main buildings in the city center (district Mitte ) are still located on the same land plots as the earliest university buildings in 1409. The university's buildings in the center of Leipzig underwent substantial reconstruction from 2005, the new university's main building being drafted by Dutch architect Erick van Egeraat . The estimated total cost for
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#17330944005353588-525: The university offers 190 study programs leading to Bachelor's degrees , Master's degrees, Staatsexamen , Diplom (equivalent to master's degree) and Ph.D.s . The university offers a number of courses in English and other foreign languages, and there are several programs which have been specially designed for foreign students. Exchange partner universities include the universities of Arizona , Oklahoma , Houston , Alberta , Ohio , and Edinburgh . Traditionally contacts to universities in Eastern Europe and
3657-524: The university was able to receive grants from the Saxon excellence initiative for the "Life" project – a project that tries to explore common diseases more effectively. Also in 2008 the "Bach Archive" was associated with the university. In 2009, the Leipzig University celebrated its 600th anniversary with over 300 scientific and cultural lectures and exhibitions, reflecting the role of the university's research and teaching from its beginning. The university's urban campus comprises several locations. All in all,
3726-405: The university, carried out between 1973 and 1978. The dominant building of the university was the University Tower (now City-Hochhaus Leipzig ), built between 1968 and 1972 in the form of an open book. In 1991, following the reunification of Germany , the university's name was restored to the original Leipzig University ( Alma mater lipsiensis ). The reconstruction of the University Library, which
3795-456: Was Johannes Otto von Münsterberg . From its foundation, the Paulinerkirche served as the university church. After the Reformation , the church and the monastery buildings were donated to the university in 1544. In order to secure independent and sustainable funding, the university was endowed with the lordship over nine villages east of Leipzig (university villages). It kept this status for nearly 400 years until land reforms were carried out in
3864-423: Was a great success. Kästner, however, was dissatisfied with the screenplay, and that led him to become a screenwriter for the Babelsberg film studios. Kästner's only major adult novel, Fabian (Roman) [ de ] , was published in 1931. Kästner included rapid cuts and montages in it, in an attempt to mimic cinematic style. Fabian, an unemployed literary expert, experiences the uproariously fast pace of
3933-445: Was abandoned later and today only the names survive. During the first centuries, the university grew slowly and was a rather regional institution. This changed, however, during the 19th century when the university became a world-class institution of higher education and research. At the end of the 19th century, important scholars such as Bernhard Windscheid (one of the fathers of the German Civil Code) and Wilhelm Ostwald (viewed as
4002-425: Was also instrumental in the founding of the Internationale Jugendbibliothek , a library in Munich that collects and preserves children's and youth books from all over the world. In 1953 he was founding member of IBBY (International Board on Books for Young People). Kästner never married. He wrote his last two children's books, Der kleine Mann and Der kleine Mann und die kleine Miss , for his son Thomas Kästner, who
4071-448: Was awarded three international professorships: The Fulbright-Leipzig Chair for American Studies, the DAAD Professorship for American and International Studies, and the Picador Guest Professorship for Literature. It is also the home of Aspeers – Emerging voices in American Studies , a graduate-level peer-reviewed scholarly journal for American studies . Erasmus Mundus Global Studies is an interdisciplinary, research-based Master offered by
4140-420: Was born in 1957. Kästner frequently read from his works. In the 1920s, he recorded some of his poems of social criticism and in some of the films based on his books he performed as the narrator, as he did for the first audio production of Pünktchen und Anton . Other recordings for Deutsche Grammophon include poems, epigrams, and his version of the folk tale Till Eulenspiegel . He also read in theaters, such as
4209-423: Was denied membership of the new Nazi-controlled national writers' guild, Reichsverband deutscher Schriftsteller (RDS), because of what its officials called the "culturally Bolshevist attitude in his writings prior to 1933." During the Third Reich , Kästner published apolitical novels such as Drei Männer im Schnee ( Three Men in the Snow ) (1934) in Switzerland. In 1942, he received a special exemption to write
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#17330944005354278-653: Was established in 1543. It is one of the oldest German university libraries and it serves as a source of literature and information for the Leipzig University as well as the general public in the region. Its extensive historical and special collections are nationally and internationally recognized. The library consists of the main building "Bibliotheca Albertina" and forty branches situated near their respective academic institutions. The current stock comprises 5 million volumes and about 7,700 periodicals. Collections range from important medieval and modern manuscripts to incunabula, papyri, autographs, ostraka and coins. The Apel Codex ,
4347-523: Was founded on 2 December 1409 by Frederick I, Elector of Saxony and his brother William II, Margrave of Meissen , and originally comprised the four scholastic faculties. Since its inception, the university has engaged in teaching and research for over 600 years without interruption. Famous alumni include Angela Merkel , Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz , Johann Wolfgang von Goethe , Leopold von Ranke , Friedrich Nietzsche , Robert Schumann , Richard Wagner , Tycho Brahe , Georgius Agricola . The university
4416-400: Was heavily damaged during the war and in the GDR barely secured, was completed in 2002. With the delivery of the University Tower to a private user, the university was forced to spread some faculties over several locations in the city. It controversially redesigned its historical centre at the Augustusplatz . In 2002, Behet Bonzio received the second prize in the architectural competition;
4485-490: Was living in Leipzig and Berlin , he wrote her fairly intimate letters and postcards almost every day, and overbearing mothers make regular appearances in his writings. It has been rumored that Erich Kästner's natural father was the family's Jewish doctor, Emil Zimmermann (1864–1953), but these rumors have never been substantiated. Kästner wrote about his childhood in his autobiography Als ich ein kleiner Junge war [ de ] (1957, translated as When I Was
4554-403: Was not sent to the front, but the brutality of the military training he underwent and the death of contemporaries he experienced strongly influenced his later antimilitarism . The merciless drilling he was subjected to by his drill sergeant also caused a lifelong heart condition. Kästner portrays this in his poem Sergeant Waurich . After the end of the war, Kästner went back to school and passed
4623-440: Was published in 2006 under the title Das Blaue Buch (The Blue Book). In his diary for 1945, published many years later, Kästner describes his shock at arriving in Dresden shortly after the bombing of the city in World War II (February 1945) and finding it a pile of ruins in which he could recognize none of the streets or landmarks among which he had spent his childhood. His autobiography Als ich ein kleiner Junge war includes
4692-400: Was subsequently opened in the Villa Augustin that had belonged to Kästner's uncle Franz Augustin. Kästner's father, Emil Richard Kästner, was a master saddlemaker . His mother, Ida Amalia (née Augustin), had been a maidservant, but in her thirties she trained as a hairstylist in order to supplement her husband's income. Kästner had a particularly close relationship with his mother. When he
4761-427: Was unusual in that, in contrast to most children's literature of the period, it is set in contemporary Berlin and not in a fairy-tale world. Kästner also refrained from overt moralising, letting the characters' actions speak for themselves. Its sequel, Emil und die Drei Zwillinge (1933; Emil and the Three Twins ) takes place on the shores of the Baltic . The Emil books may have influenced the creation of other books in
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