137-447: On The Record (formerly The Ryersonian ) is the masthead news title produced by journalism students at Toronto Metropolitan University in Toronto , Canada. Students produce daily news for the publication's website, live-blog local events relevant to students and broadcast TV news, also available on the website, at least once a week. Select news content is also published, in print, once
274-451: A G. Raymond Chang School of Continuing Education course; more than half of which were degree-credit courses. In 2017, the university had the highest reported student-faculty ratio in Ontario. In 2023, university has a reported a student-faculty ratio of 33:1. In 2018, the university conferred 7,199 bachelor's degrees, 1,084 master's degrees, and 75 doctoral degrees. More than a quarter of
411-488: A bicameral system with a board of governors and a senate empowered by provincial legislation, the Toronto Metropolitan University Act . The university's board of governors is charged with the management of university's affairs, including assets and property, as well as revenues. The board of governors has 24 members, including the university chancellor, the university president, three members elected by
548-716: A capital. In 1787, the British Lord Dorchester arranged for the Toronto Purchase with the Mississaugas of the New Credit First Nation, thereby securing more than a quarter of a million acres (1000 km ) of land in the Toronto area. Dorchester intended the location to be named Toronto. The first 25 years after the Toronto purchase were quiet, although "there were occasional independent fur traders" present in
685-633: A channel to the harbour. The peninsula was formed by longshore drift taking the sediments deposited along the Scarborough Bluffs shore and transporting them to the Islands area. The other source of sediment for the Port Lands wetland and the peninsula was the deposition of the Don River, which carved a wide valley through the sedimentary land of Toronto and deposited it in the shallow harbour. The harbour and
822-400: A part of the public realm. These include connector streets open to vehicular traffic and pedestrian-only streets . Victoria Street south of Gerrard Street is designated as a pedestrian-only zone, having been closed to vehicular traffic since 1978. In 2010, a one-year pilot program was approved by the municipal government that limited Gould Street to pedestrian traffic only, an initiative that
959-450: A photography museum and houses School of Image Arts. The Image Centre includes several galleries, with one dedicated for exhibit works from students of the School of Image Arts. The centre also holds offices, screening rooms, and storage facilities for the university's photographic collection; stored in special climate-controlled rooms. The Image Centre dates back to 1969, although the building
1096-579: A ravine or valley and continue on the other side. Toronto has many bridges spanning the ravines. Large bridges such as the Prince Edward Viaduct were built to span broad river valleys. Despite its deep ravines, Toronto is not remarkably hilly, but its elevation does increase steadily away from the lake. Elevation differences range from 76.5 metres (251 ft) above sea level at the Lake Ontario shore to 209 m (686 ft) above sea level near
1233-598: A rezoning application for a 41-storey tower at 202 Jarvis Street, which will include an 11-storey academic base with classrooms, labs, and research space intended for the Faculty of Science, along with a student residence in its upper levels. The university operates more than 40 buildings. As of 2019, the university's buildings account for over 370,000 square metres (4,000,000 sq ft) of gross floor area. The campus includes an assortment of buildings from different architectural periods; Oakham House dating back to 1848, and
1370-569: A sponsored research income of $ 95,200, while graduate students averaged a sponsored research income of $ 28,900 in 2019. Toronto Metropolitan University's research performance has also been noted in several bibliometric rankings that use citation analysis to evaluate the impact a university has in the academic field. In the University Ranking by Academic Performance 2020–21 rankings, the university placed 737th out of 3000 universities. Notable research projects and endeavours associated with
1507-507: A spoof issue lampooning the coverage of racists by the Ryersonian. In response, students and members of the RSU conducted a one-time protest by gathering up editions of the paper and dumping them in front of the Ryersonian's office. A blog known as Ryersonian Watch was also set up by an anonymous student. The blog only contained a handful of posts highly critical of The Ryersonian and sympathetic to
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#17328989739131644-503: A week, and distributed on campus on Wednesdays throughout the school year. On The Record accepts submissions from the entire Toronto Metropolitan University student body. It's also a "capstone course" - meaning it's one of several paths through the final year of the Bachelor of Journalism program for students. Students who take this path edit, produce and write for the masthead in either a part time or full-time basis for one term. Students in
1781-454: Is a prominent centre for music, theatre, motion picture production, and television production, and is home to the headquarters of Canada's major national broadcast networks and media outlets . Its varied cultural institutions , which include numerous museums and galleries , festivals and public events , entertainment districts, national historic sites , and sports activities , attract over 43 million tourists each year. Toronto
1918-400: Is a publicly funded university. The university completed the 2019–2020 academic year with $ 833.17 million of income, and $ 854.7 million in expenses. Government grants make up the largest source of income for the university, followed by student fees and tuition revenue. Salaries make up more than half of the university's expenses at $ 515.7 million. As of April 2020, the university's endowment
2055-565: Is a signatory of the Talloires Declaration , a declaration for sustainability created for presidents of post-secondary institutions around the world. In 2009, the university, along with the other members from the Council of Ontario Universities , signed a pledge known as Ontario Universities Committed to a Greener World , with the objective of transforming its campus into a model of environmental responsibility. The university operates under
2192-660: Is an academic division made up of nine schools focused on media, design, and creative industries; including the RTA School of Media . The Faculty of Science is composed of four departments. Graduate programs are coordinated by the Yeates School of Graduate Studies. Toronto Metropolitan University also jointly administers several academic programs with two other post-secondary institutions based in Greater Toronto, Sheridan College and York University . Continuing education at
2329-509: Is its escarpments. During the last ice age , the lower part of Toronto was beneath Glacial Lake Iroquois . Today, a series of escarpments mark the lake's former boundary, known as the "Iroquois Shoreline". The escarpments are most prominent from Victoria Park Avenue to the mouth of Highland Creek , where they form the Scarborough Bluffs . Other observable sections include the area near St. Clair Avenue West between Bathurst Street and
2466-660: Is known for its many skyscrapers and high-rise buildings , in particular the CN Tower , the tallest freestanding structure on land outside of Asia. The city is home to the Toronto Stock Exchange , the headquarters of Canada's five largest banks , and the headquarters of many large Canadian and multinational corporations. Its economy is highly diversified with strengths in technology, design, financial services, life sciences, education, arts, fashion, aerospace, environmental innovation, food services, and tourism. Toronto
2603-579: Is now a museum. The pre-amalgamation City of Toronto covers the downtown core and older neighbourhoods to the east, west, and north. It is the most densely populated part of the city. The Financial District contains the First Canadian Place , Toronto-Dominion Centre , Scotia Plaza , Royal Bank Plaza , Commerce Court and Brookfield Place . This area includes, among others, the neighbourhoods of St. James Town , Garden District , St. Lawrence , Corktown , and Church and Wellesley . From that point,
2740-684: Is operated by the Palin Foundation, an organization whose governing structure is made up of elected representatives from the Toronto Metropolitan University Students' Union, and the Continuing Education Students' Association at the university. The Toronto Metropolitan University Aerospace Engineering Centre is a research centre situated within a 680 m (7,300 sq ft) repurposed helicopter manufacturing facility at Downsview Park . Opened in 2018,
2877-646: Is primarily made up of Canadians, with over 93 per cent of the student body originating from Canada. Nearly 80 per cent of undergraduate students originated from the Greater Toronto Area . Toronto Toronto is the most populous city in Canada and the capital city of the Canadian province of Ontario . With a population of 2,794,356 in 2021, it is the fourth-most populous city in North America . The city
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#17328989739133014-778: Is situated within the Garden District , although it also operates facilities elsewhere in Toronto. The university includes seven academic divisions/faculties: the Faculty of Arts, the Faculty of Community Services, the Faculty of Engineering and Architectural Science, the Faculty of Science, the Creative School, the Lincoln Alexander School of Law, and the Ted Rogers School of Management. Many of these are further organized into smaller departments and schools. The university also provides continuing education services through
3151-504: Is the anchor of the Golden Horseshoe , an urban agglomeration of 9,765,188 people (as of 2021) surrounding the western end of Lake Ontario , while the Greater Toronto Area proper had a 2021 population of 6,712,341. Toronto is an international centre of business, finance, arts, sports, and culture and is one of the most multicultural and cosmopolitan cities in the world. Indigenous peoples have travelled through and inhabited
3288-465: Is the chair of the senate and a member of the board of governors by virtue of their office. Additionally, the president also serves as the vice-chancellor of the university, assuming the duties of the chancellor in the event they are unable to, or when the office is vacant. Mohamed Lachemi is the current president of the university, having been appointed in September 2016. Toronto Metropolitan University
3425-510: Is the third-largest tech hub in North America after Silicon Valley and New York City , and the fastest-growing hub. The word Toronto has been recorded with various spellings in French and English, including Tarento , Tarontha , Taronto , Toranto , Torento , Toronto , and Toronton . The most frequent early spelling, Taronto , referred to 'The Narrows', a channel of water through which Lake Simcoe discharges into Lake Couchiching where
3562-400: Is valued at $ 136.285 million. The university's academic year functions on a three-term system, fall, winter, and spring/summer. The university's academic programs are administered by seven faculties, the Faculty of Arts, the Faculty of Community Services, the Faculty of Engineering and Architectural Science, the Faculty of Science, The Creative School, the Lincoln Alexander School of Law and
3699-400: The 2026 FIFA World Cup . Toronto covers an area of 630 square kilometres (243 sq mi), with a maximum north–south distance of 21 kilometres (13 mi). It has a maximum east–west distance of 43 km (27 mi), and it has a 46-kilometre (29 mi) long waterfront shoreline, on the northwestern shore of Lake Ontario . The Toronto Islands and Port Lands extend out into
3836-563: The Canadian Indian residential school system . The university is a co-educational institution, with approximately 44,400 undergraduates and 2,950 graduate students enrolled there during the 2019–20 academic year. As of 2024, TMU has over 240,000 alumni. The university's athletics department operates several varsity teams that play as TMU Bold , competing in the Ontario University Athletics conference of U Sports . During
3973-513: The Canadian Shield . In addition to green spaces, a green roof and urban farm, initially known as the Andrew and Valerie Pringle Environmental Green Roof, was built atop George Vari Engineering and Computing Centre in 2003. The urban farm operates on a five-year crop rotation, and contains 30 different crops and hundreds of cultivars. Several undeveloped properties also exist on the campus, with
4110-521: The G. Raymond Chang School of Continuing Education . The institution was established in 1948 as the Ryerson Institute of Technology, named after Egerton Ryerson , a prominent contributor to the design of the public school system and teachers' college in Canada West . In 1964, the institution was reorganized under provincial legislation and renamed Ryerson Polytechnical Institute. Under that name, it
4247-569: The Great Irish Famine ; most of them were Catholic . By 1851, the Irish-born population had become the largest single ethnic group in the city. The Scottish and English population welcomed smaller numbers of Protestant Irish immigrants, some from what is now Northern Ireland, which gave the Orange Order significant and long-lasting influence over Toronto society. Almost every mayor of Toronto
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4384-637: The International Association of Universities . The university's business school is also accredited by the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business . In Maclean's 2023 Canadian university rankings, the university was ranked eighth in the magazine's comprehensive university category, tied with the University of New Brunswick ; and 19th in its reputational survey. The university has also placed in several global university rankings. In
4521-622: The Mississaugas had displaced the Iroquois, who abandoned the Toronto area at the end of the Beaver Wars , with most returning to their homeland in present-day New York state. French traders founded Fort Rouillé in 1750 (the current Exhibition grounds were later developed there), but abandoned it in 1759 during the Seven Years' War . The British defeated the French and their indigenous allies in
4658-737: The Second World War , Howard Hillen Kerr , the director of the Training and Re-Establishment Institute, along with other members of the Toronto Board of Education , saw a need for specialized institutes to provide educational and vocational training for specific jobs for returning veterans. After a trip to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1943, Kerr envisioned a similar institute in Canada spanning "the gap" between secondary education and universities . Kerr's effort led to
4795-605: The Student Learning Centre was completed adjacent to the library building. The 14,200 m (153,000 sq ft) Student Learning Centre was designed by the architectural firm Snøhetta , and was built to augment the library by providing additional study space; although no books from the university's collection are stored in the Student Learning Centre. The Image Centre is a 4,500 m (48,000 sq ft) complex located on campus that serves as
4932-511: The Ted Rogers School of Management; the latter academic division serving as the university's business school . The Lincoln Alexander School of Law is the newest academic faculty formed at the university, having taken its first cohort of students in September 2020. Most faculties are further organized into smaller departments and schools. The Faculty of Arts is made up of ten humanities and social science departments. The Creative School
5069-470: The Toronto Carrying-Place Trail , led to widespread use of the name. The pronunciation of the city is broadly / t ə ˈ r ɒ n t oʊ / tə- RONT -oh , which locals pronounce [təˈɹɒnoʊ] or [ˈtɹɒnoʊ] , leaving the second 't' silent. The site of Toronto lay at the entrance to one of the oldest routes to the northwest, a route known and used by
5206-521: The Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada released its report in May 2015, the university acted on several recommendations made out to post-secondary institutions in the report. As a result of Egerton Ryerson's association with the establishment of the Canadian Indian residential school system , the institution faced calls to reevaluate the namesake of the university in 2017. A consultation process to formulate
5343-645: The Vocational Education Act and the creation of vocational schools and technological institutes in Ontario. Although several institutes had been planned during the war, their establishment was delayed by the advent of the Cold War and the potential need to remobilize. However, with the prospect of another war diminished greatly by 1948, the decision was made to open the Ryerson Institute of Technology, with class calendars hastily issued in August 1948. The school
5480-589: The York University grounds in the city's north end at the intersection of Keele Street and Steeles Avenue. There are occasional hilly areas; in particular, midtown Toronto , as well as the Silverthorn and Fairbank neighbourhoods, have several sharply sloping hills. Lake Ontario remains occasionally visible from the peaks of these ridges as far north as Eglinton Avenue, 7 to 8 kilometres (4.3 to 5.0 mi) inland. The other major geographical feature of Toronto
5617-688: The province's Department of Education and what became the Ontario Agricultural College , Royal Ontario Museum , OCAD University , and Ontario Institute for Studies in Education . Later, the grounds were used by the Royal Canadian Air Force as a training centre during the Second World War. The Ryerson Institute of Technology was officially opened on September 16, 1948, with approximately 250 students enrolled. Kerr served as
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5754-532: The statue of him . Pressure to rename the university grew after the finding of 215 (later revised to 200) possible unmarked graves at the Kamloops Indian Residential School in May 2021. Shortly after its discovery, staff and students of the university's Yellowhead Institute announced they would cease using the Ryerson name in favour of "X University" to advocate for a name change. In June 2021,
5891-540: The 19th century, the city built an extensive sewage system to improve sanitation, and streets were illuminated with gas lighting as a regular service. Long-distance railway lines were constructed, including a route completed in 1854 linking Toronto with the Upper Great Lakes. The Grand Trunk Railway and the Northern Railway of Canada joined in the building of the first Union Station in downtown. The advent of
6028-444: The 2017–18 academic year. However, approximately 17.9 per cent of the university's first year students lived on campus. The university operates themed-residence floors in an effort to complement the academic studies of residents; such as the "fashion floor," a themed-residential floor reserved for students of Toronto Metropolitan University's school of fashion. In an effort to increase the number of residences available for students,
6165-522: The 2018-19 year, Toronto Metropolitan University's allocation of Canada Research Chairs was 23, with the university receiving $ 17.1 million from the Tri-Council for research support; most of which was provided by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada . The university also managed to raise $ 49.6 million for research support from various levels of government. In the same year,
6302-447: The 2022 Academic Ranking of World Universities , the university ranked 901–1000 in the world. The 2023 QS World University Rankings ranked the university 801–1000 in the world. The 2023 Times Higher Education World University Rankings placed the university 801–1000 in the world. In the U.S. News & World Report 2022–23 ranking, the university placed 1,452 in the world. The university also placed in rankings that evaluated
6439-569: The City of Toronto in 1834. Toronto hosted the 4th G20 summit during June 26–27, 2010. This included the largest security operation in Canadian history. Following large-scale protests and rioting, law enforcement arrested more than 1,000 people, the largest mass arrest in Canadian history. On July 8, 2013, severe flash flooding hit Toronto after an afternoon of slow-moving, intense thunderstorms. Toronto Hydro estimated 450,000 people were without power after
6576-557: The DMZ has assisted over 750 businesses, raised over $ 1.95 billion in funding, and fostered over 4800 jobs in the community. Notable start-ups supported by the DMZ include 500px . In 2018, UBI Global named The DMZ as the world's best university-based business incubator. In 2020, the university partnered with the City of Brampton to launch the Brampton Venture Zone by TMU. The incubator
6713-482: The Don River, and north of Davenport Road from Caledonia to Spadina Road ; the Casa Loma grounds sit above this escarpment. The geography of the lakeshore has dramatically changed since the first settlement of Toronto. Much of the land on the harbour's north shore is landfill, filled in during the late 19th century. Until then, the lakefront docks (then known as wharves) were set back farther inland than today. Much of
6850-478: The HOEM residence was opened in 2018. Dining services are also provided by the university, although the number of dining facilities remains limited when compared to other Canadian post-secondary institutions given the campus' location in downtown Toronto; with an estimated 275 food service providers situated within a five-minute walk of the campus in 2017. Toronto Metropolitan University's Student Campus Centre serves as
6987-717: The Huron had planted tree saplings to corral fish. This narrows was called tkaronto by the Mohawk , meaning 'where there are trees standing in the water', and was recorded as early as 1615 by Samuel de Champlain . The word Toronto , meaning 'plenty', also appears in a 1632 French lexicon of the Huron language , which is also an Iroquoian language. It also appears on French maps referring to various locations, including Georgian Bay, Lake Simcoe, and several rivers. A portage route from Lake Ontario to Lake Huron running through this point, known as
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#17328989739137124-576: The Huron, Iroquois, and Ojibwe . Archaeological sites show evidence of human occupation dating back thousands of years. The site was of strategic importance from the beginning of Ontario's recorded history. In the 1660s, the Iroquois established two villages within what is today Toronto, Ganatsekwyagon (Bead Hill) on the banks of the Rouge River and Teiaiagon on the banks of the Humber River . By 1701,
7261-476: The Master's of Journalism program can also take this path. In 2010, The Ryersonian began tweeting from @theryersonian and developed a Facebook page, The Ryersonian. At the start of the 2011 academic year, The Ryersonian transformed into a title that aims to produce news and features in all media to meet the needs of students in a new curriculum that had retired the old print, TV and online streams to better reflect
7398-669: The Progressive Conservatives' majority. North York mayor Mel Lastman became the first "megacity" mayor, and the 62nd mayor of Toronto, with his electoral victory . Lastman gained national attention after multiple snowstorms, including the January Blizzard of 1999 , dumped 118 centimetres (46 in) of snow and effectively immobilized the city. He called in the Canadian Army to aid snow removal by use of their equipment to augment police and emergency services. The move
7535-409: The RSU in a positive light. Furthermore, a debate was held between Judy Rebick and the managing editor of The Ryersonian to discuss the reasons between how and why the article was published. The debate helped to explain the editorial reasoning as to why editors at the newspaper decided that the Facebook group and Don Andrews were worth covering and helped to eliminate any notion that The Ryersonian
7672-552: The Toronto Harbour), and the Rouge River at the city's eastern limits. Most of the ravines and valley lands in Toronto today are parklands and recreational trails are laid out along the ravines and valleys. The original town was laid out in a grid plan on the flat plain north of the harbour, and this plan was extended outwards as the city grew. The width and depth of several of the ravines and valleys are such that several grid streets, such as Finch Avenue , Leslie Street , Lawrence Avenue , and St. Clair Avenue , terminate on one side of
7809-404: The Toronto area, located on a broad sloping plateau interspersed with rivers, deep ravines, and urban forest , for more than 10,000 years. After the broadly disputed Toronto Purchase , when the Mississauga surrendered the area to the British Crown , the British established the town of York in 1793 and later designated it as the capital of Upper Canada . During the War of 1812 , the town
7946-622: The Toronto skyline extends northward along Yonge Street. Old Toronto is also home to many historically wealthy residential enclaves, such as Yorkville , Rosedale, The Annex, Forest Hill, Lawrence Park , Lytton Park , Deer Park , Moore Park , and Casa Loma, most stretching away from downtown to the north. East and west of downtown, neighbourhoods such as Kensington Market , Chinatown , Leslieville , Cabbagetown and Riverdale are home to bustling commercial and cultural areas as well as communities of artists with studio lofts, with many middle- and upper-class professionals. Other neighbourhoods in
8083-474: The West. Like the Irish before them, many of these migrants lived in overcrowded shanty-type slums, such as " the Ward ", which was centred on Bay Street , now the heart of the country's Financial District . As new migrants began to prosper, they moved to better housing in other areas, in what is now understood to be succession waves of settlement. Despite its fast-paced growth, by the 1920s, Toronto's population and economic importance in Canada remained second to
8220-451: The Zone Learning network, which is made up of 11 incubators focused on different sectors and business challenges. The first and largest 'zone', The DMZ , was established in 2010 as the Digital Media Zone, before later changing its name to DMZ. The DMZ assists early to mid-stage technology start-ups by connecting them with investors and researchers, as well as provide them access to mentors from industry-related experts. As of January 2023,
8357-405: The adjacent Port Lands on the harbour's east side was a wetland filled in early in the 20th century. The shoreline from the harbour west to the Humber River has been extended into the lake. Further west, landfill has been used to create extensions of land such as Humber Bay Park. The Toronto Islands were a natural peninsula until a storm in 1858 severed their connection to the mainland, creating
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#17328989739138494-405: The architecture of its homes, and for being one of Toronto's earliest planned communities, was designated as an Ontario Heritage Conservation district in 1985. The Casa Loma neighbourhood is named after "Casa Loma", a castle built in 1911 by Sir Henry Pellat , complete with gardens, turrets, stables, an elevator, secret passages, and a bowling alley. Spadina House is a 19th-century manor that
8631-423: The area, with the usual complaints of debauchery and drunkenness. In 1793, Governor John Graves Simcoe established the town of York on the Toronto Purchase lands, naming it after Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany . Simcoe decided to move the Upper Canada capital from Newark (Niagara-on-the-Lake) to York, believing the new site would be less vulnerable to attack by the United States. The York garrison
8768-481: The bachelor's degrees awarded that year were conferred to students in business and commerce programs. The majority of master's and doctoral degrees conferred by the university in 2018 were to students in engineering or social science-related programs. The graduation rate for students that entered the university in 2011 is 74.2 per cent. The university holds membership in a number of national and international post-secondary organizations, such as Universities Canada and
8905-419: The campus are situated in areas zoned for commercial and residential use. In addition to zoning by-laws, the height of the university's buildings is also limited by ordinances that protect the flight paths of air medical services to St. Michael's Hospital and the Hospital for Sick Children . Gerrard Street to the north, Jarvis Street to the east, Dundas Street East to the south, and Yonge Street to
9042-481: The capital until 1865 (two years before Canadian Confederation). Since then, the capital of Canada has remained Ottawa , Ontario. Toronto became the capital of the province of Ontario after its official creation in 1867. The seat of government of the Ontario briefly returned to the same building that hosted the Third Parliament Building of Upper Canada, before moving to the Ontario Legislative Building at Queen's Park in 1893. Because of its provincial capital status,
9179-617: The central city retain an ethnic identity, including two smaller Chinatowns, the Greektown area, Little Italy , Portugal Village , and Little India , among others. The inner suburbs are contained within the former municipalities of York and East York. These are mature and traditionally working-class areas, consisting primarily of post–World War I small, single-family homes and small apartment blocks. Neighbourhoods such as Crescent Town , Thorncliffe Park , Flemingdon Park , Weston, and Oakwood Village consist mainly of high-rise apartments, which are home to many new immigrant families. During
9316-437: The centre of student governance and student directed cultural, social, and recreational activities. The Student Campus Centre contains the offices of a number of student organizations, including the Toronto Metropolitan Students' Union , The Eyeopener student newspaper , and other student groups. In addition to office space, the centre also houses student lounges, study areas and computer labs, and restaurants. The building
9453-516: The centre was formed in partnership between the university's Faculty of Engineering and Architectural Science, Bombardier , and the Downsview Aerospace Innovation and Research Consortium (DAIR). The centre provides a collaborative research environment for the university's faculty and graduate students with its industry partners. The centre forms a part of DAIR's larger research and development park . The university's varsity soccer program also makes use of sports facilities at Downsview Park. In 2018,
9590-407: The channel of the Don River have been dredged numerous times for shipping. The lower section of the Don River was straightened and channelled in the 19th century. The former mouth drained into a wetland; today, the Don River drains into the harbour through a concrete waterway, the Keating Channel . To mitigate flooding in the area, as well as to create parkland, a second more natural mouth was built to
9727-527: The city granted the operation of the transit franchise to the Toronto Railway Company . The public transit system passed into public ownership in 1921 as the Toronto Transportation Commission , later renamed the Toronto Transit Commission . The system now has the third-highest ridership of any city public transportation system in North America . The Great Toronto Fire of 1904 destroyed a large section of downtown Toronto . The fire destroyed more than 100 buildings. The fire claimed one victim, John Croft, who
9864-583: The city was also the location of Government House , the residence of the viceregal representative of the Crown in right of Ontario . Long before the Royal Military College of Canada was established in 1876, supporters of the concept proposed military colleges in Canada. Staffed by British Regulars, adult male students underwent a three-month-long military course at the School of Military Instruction in Toronto. Established by Militia General Order in 1864,
10001-470: The city was hit by a massive blackout which affected millions of Torontonians (it also affected most of Southern Ontario and parts of the United States), stranding some hundreds of people in tall buildings, knocking out traffic lights and suspending subway and streetcar service across the city during those aforementioned days. On March 6, 2009, the city celebrated the 175th anniversary of its inception as
10138-449: The city, there exist hundreds of small neighbourhoods and some larger neighbourhoods covering a few square kilometres. The many residential communities of Toronto express a character distinct from the skyscrapers in the commercial core. Victorian and Edwardian-era residential buildings can be found in enclaves such as Rosedale , Cabbagetown , The Annex , and Yorkville . The Wychwood Park neighbourhood, historically significant for
10275-571: The elimination of racially based immigration policies by the late 1960s, Toronto became a destination for immigrants from all over the world. By the 1980s, Toronto had surpassed Montreal as Canada's most populous city and chief economic hub. During this time, in part owing to the political uncertainty raised by the resurgence of the Quebec sovereignty movement , many national and multinational corporations moved their head offices from Montreal to Toronto and Western Canadian cities. On January 1, 1998, Toronto
10412-573: The employment prospects of graduates. In the Times Higher Education' s 2022 global employability ranking, Toronto Metropolitan University placed 192nd in the world, and tenth in Canada. The university engages in a number of scholarly research activities. As of February 2021, there were 37 research centres and institutes operated by the university and its faculties. In the 2018–19 year, the university published 1,369 academic publications, and formed over 303 research funding partnerships. During
10549-630: The first mayor of Toronto . Mackenzie would later lead the unsuccessful Upper Canada Rebellion of 1837 against the British colonial government. Toronto's population of 9,000 included some African-American slaves, some of whom had been brought by the Loyalists, and Black Loyalists , whom the Crown had freed (most of the latter were resettled in Nova Scotia). By 1834, refugee slaves from America's South were also immigrating to Toronto to gain freedom. Slavery
10686-680: The hurricane caused more than CA$ 25 million in damage. In 1967, the seven smallest municipalities of Metropolitan Toronto were merged with larger neighbours, resulting in a six-municipality configuration that included the former city of Toronto and the surrounding municipalities of East York , Etobicoke , North York , Scarborough , and York . In the decades after World War II, refugees from war-torn Europe and Chinese job-seekers arrived, as well as construction labourers, particularly from Italy and Portugal. Toronto's population grew to more than one million in 1951 when large-scale suburbanization began and doubled to two million by 1971. Following
10823-423: The institute became a full polytechnic university and renamed Ryerson Polytechnic University, expanding the mandate of the institution to include scholarly research. The school of graduate studies was formally established in 1997. In June 2002, the institution shortened its name to Ryerson University to reflect its new scope. The beginning of the 21st century saw another construction boom on its campus. After
10960-469: The institute only offered two-year career training and vocational programs; its program catalogue was later expanded to include three-year diplomas by the early 1950s. Kerr mandated that English, physical education, and history be mandated in the school's curriculum in 1952. Initially, plans were made to house the institute entirely within the Toronto Normal School building but the rapid growth of
11097-484: The institution's first principal until 1966, when he became the head of the Council of Regents for Colleges of Applied Arts and Technology. The initial aim for the institute to serve as a career training and vocational school was reflected by its early enrolment, with the majority of its early students being enrolled in continuing education part-time night school programs, as opposed to a full-year academic stream. Initially
11234-412: The institution's response to the report was launched in 2018, led by faculty member Denise O'Neil Green . Green was later appointed the university's first vice-president for equity and community inclusion; the first vice-president position with this mandate in a Canadian post-secondary institution. In 2018, a plaque that describes Egerton Ryerson's role in the residential school system was placed next to
11371-400: The lake, allowing for a somewhat sheltered Toronto Harbour south of the downtown core. An Outer Harbour was constructed southeast of downtown during the 1950s and 1960s, and it is now used for recreation. The city's limits are formed by Lake Ontario to the south, the western boundary of Marie Curtis Park , Etobicoke Creek , Eglinton Avenue and Highway 427 to the west, Steeles Avenue to
11508-409: The majority of Torontonians speak English as their primary language, over 160 languages are spoken in the city. The mayor of Toronto is elected by direct popular vote to serve as the chief executive of the city. The Toronto City Council is a unicameral legislative body, comprising 25 councillors since the 2018 municipal election , representing geographical wards throughout the city. Toronto
11645-505: The much longer established Montreal , Quebec. However, by 1934, the Toronto Stock Exchange had become the largest in the country. In 1954, the City of Toronto and 12 surrounding municipalities were federated into a regional government known as Metropolitan Toronto . The postwar boom had resulted in rapid suburban development. It was believed a coordinated land-use strategy and shared services would provide greater efficiency for
11782-617: The north and the Rouge River and the Scarborough–Pickering Townline to the east. The city is mostly flat or gentle hills, and the land gently slopes upward away from the lake. The flat land is interrupted by the Toronto ravine system , which is cut by numerous creeks and rivers of the Toronto waterway system , most notably the Humber River in the west end, the Don River east of downtown (these two rivers flanking and defining
11919-464: The paper's competitor, The Eyeopener . The controversy led members of the Ryerson Students' Union to call for harsher restrictions on what could be published in the Ryersonian. However, since The Ryersonian is produced by students of TMU's journalism school and has no connection financially or editorially from the RSU, the move was seen as a way to retaliate against prior coverage that didn't show
12056-458: The railway dramatically increased the numbers of immigrants arriving, commerce and industry, as had the Lake Ontario steamers and schooners entering port before. These enabled Toronto to become a major gateway linking the world to the interior of the North American continent. Expanding port and rail facilities brought in northern timber for export and imported Pennsylvania coal. Industry dominated
12193-506: The referendum results and did so in April when it tabled the City of Toronto Act . Both opposition parties held a filibuster in the provincial legislature, proposing more than 12,000 amendments that allowed residents on streets of the proposed megacity to take part in public hearings on the merger and adding historical designations to the streets. This only delayed the bill's inevitable passage, given
12330-462: The region. The metropolitan government began to manage services that crossed municipal boundaries, including highways, police services, water and public transit . In that year, a half-century after the Great Fire of 1904, disaster struck the city again when Hurricane Hazel brought intense winds and flash flooding. In the Toronto area, 81 people were killed, nearly 1,900 families were left homeless, and
12467-447: The same program after their first year of study at the institution; although these figures vary depending on the faculty and program. The retention rate for the university's first-time, full-time first-year students in any program was 88 per cent. In the 2019–20 academic year, the university's student body included 44,400 full-time and part-time undergraduate students, and 2,950 full-time and part-time graduate students. The student body
12604-485: The school enabled officers of militia or candidates for commission or promotion in the Militia to learn military duties, drill and discipline, to command a company at Battalion Drill, to drill a company at Company Drill, the internal economy of a company, and the duties of a company's officer. The school was retained at Confederation, in 1867. In 1868, Schools of cavalry and artillery instruction were formed in Toronto. In
12741-548: The south during the first half of the 2020s, thereby creating a new island, Ookwemin Minising . Toronto encompasses an area formerly administered by several separate municipalities that were amalgamated over the years. Each developed a distinct history and identity over the years, and their names remain in common use among Torontonians. Former municipalities include East York, Etobicoke, Forest Hill , Mimico , North York, Parkdale , Scarborough, Swansea , Weston and York. Throughout
12878-451: The statue of Egerton Ryerson was toppled by activists and its severed head was thrown into Toronto Harbour . The university stated that the statue will not be restored or replaced. In August 2021, the university announced that it would accept the 22 recommendations of an internal task force, including the renaming of the university. On April 26, 2022, the university announced its renaming to Toronto Metropolitan University. The name change
13015-409: The storm and Toronto Pearson International Airport reported 126 mm (5 in) of rain had fallen over five hours, more than during Hurricane Hazel. Within six months, from December 20 to 22, 2013, Toronto was brought to a near halt by the worst ice storm in the city's history, rivalling the severity of the 1998 Ice Storm (which mainly affected southeastern Ontario, and Quebec). At the height of
13152-568: The storm, over 300,000 Toronto Hydro customers had no electricity or heating. Toronto hosted WorldPride in June 2014, and the Pan and Parapan American Games in 2015 . The city continues to grow and attract immigrants. A 2019 study by Toronto Metropolitan University (then known as Ryerson University) showed that Toronto was the fastest-growing city in North America. The city added 77,435 people between July 2017 and July 2018. The Toronto metropolitan area
13289-457: The student population made such plans impossible. Therefore, work on the first building built specifically for the institute began in 1958; Kerr Hall was completed in 1963. Several buildings had to be razed, including temporary barracks used during the Second World War and the Toronto Normal School (though its portico façade was kept). A number of other buildings were later built surrounding the courtyard. The Ryerson Polytechnical Institute Act
13426-461: The town's surrender. American soldiers destroyed much of the garrison and set fire to the parliament buildings during their five-day occupation. Because of the sacking of York, British troops retaliated later in the war with the burning of Washington, D.C. York was incorporated as the City of Toronto on March 6, 1834, adopting the Indigenous name. Reformist politician William Lyon Mackenzie became
13563-565: The university and other tenants. Along with university-owned properties, the university also leases or holds strata titles for a number of properties surrounding the central campus. Toronto Metropolitan University Library serves as the main academic library for the university, and is housed in an 11-storey Brutalist-style structure that was completed in 1974. As of 2012, the library's collection held over 522,000 books, over 836,000 microform units, and provide access to electronic resources including e-books, serial titles, and databases. In 2015,
13700-545: The university announced plans to open a medical school in Brampton . Brampton City Council gifted the university the Bramalea Civic Centre and most of the land it resides for this purpose. The university's Facilities Management and Development maintains a sustainability office that is charged with implementing green initiatives and sustainable operating practices throughout the university's facilities. The university
13837-482: The university announced plans to open a new campus in the neighbouring municipality of Brampton , in partnership with Sheridan College , in 2022. The provincial government allocated approximately $ 90 million in order to fund the development of the campus. However, provincial funding for the project was later withdrawn in October 2018 by a new provincial government, effectively cancelling the planned development. In 2022,
13974-421: The university community, including its faculty, student body, and alumni. Additionally, the chancellor, president, vice-presidents, deans, the chief librarian, and university registrar are also considered members of the senate. The chancellor serves as the titular head of the university, and is primarily charged with the conferment of degrees, as well as honorary degrees from the institution. The chancellor of
14111-432: The university entered into a public–private partnership in 2012 to construct the HOEM residence on Jarvis Street. However, as opposed to the university's other residences, the HOEM residence is not owned and operated by the university. O'Keefe House was also another student residence operated by the university prior to the opening of the HOEM residence in 2018. O'Keefe House was repurposed for other university uses after
14248-410: The university having acquired two parking lots from Infrastructure Ontario in 2013 for $ 32 million; a 5,400-square-metre-lot (58,000 sq ft) at 202 Dundas Street East and a 750-square-metre-lot (8,100 sq ft) at 136 Dundas Street East. The university plans to continue to operate them as parking lots until enough capital is raised to develop the sites. In 2019, the university submitted
14385-513: The university includes hitchBOT , a hitchhiking robot created by university faculty member, Frauke Zeller , and David Smith of McMaster University . HitchBOT formed a part of the larger Smart Robots for Health Communication project, a joint research initiative between the two universities to study social robotics, artificial intelligence, and human-to-robot interactions; especially in a clinical environment. The university operates Canada's largest network of university-based business incubators ,
14522-416: The university is appointed by the board of governors on a three-year term; with the current chancellor, Janice Fukakusa, having been appointed in October 2018. The board of governors is also empowered to appoint a university president; who serves as the chief executive officer of the university and acts on behalf of the board with respect to operational management and control of the university. The president
14659-431: The university is managed by the G. Raymond Chang School of Continuing Education ; which offered over 400 courses as of February 2021. The university has 909 full-time faculty members during the 2019–20 academic year. In the same year, the university had an enrolment of 28,800 full-time undergraduate students and 2,600 full-time graduate students. In the 2019–20 academic year, the university also saw 5,951 people enrol in
14796-402: The university managed to raise $ 13.2 million for research support from various related industries and non-governmental sources. In 2020, Research Infosource ranked Toronto Metropolitan University 23rd out of 50 Canadian research universities; with the university having a sponsored research income of $ 79.574 million during the 2019 fiscal year. In the same year, the university's faculty averaged
14933-406: The university requires applicants whose first language is not English to present proof that they are proficient in the language. The mean secondary school average for a newly admitted students from an Ontario-based secondary school institution in the 2018–19 academic year was 85.4 per cent. In the beginning of the 2019–20 academic year, the university saw 81.9 per cent of its students continue in
15070-440: The university's alumni, three members elected by the university's teaching faculty, three members elected by the student body, and two members elected by administrative staff. The other eleven members of the board of governors are appointed, nine of whom by the provincial Lieutenant Governor-in-Council . The senate is responsible for the educational policies of the university. The senate is made up of 52 elected representatives of
15207-550: The university's newest building, the Daphne Cockwell Health Sciences Complex, opened in 2019. Many of the earliest buildings built specifically for use by the university were designed during the mid-20th century in a Brutalist architectural-style . The university campus saw significant expansion during the early 21st century, with the university's total floor area nearly doubling in size from 2000 to 2019. Several buildings operate as shared spaces between
15344-546: The university, although access to these spaces is also open to the public. These spaces include Devonian Square, and Kerr Hall's quadrangle . Devonian Square was designed by Toronto Parks, Forestry and Recreation Division , and was partly funded by the Devonian Group of Charitable Foundations of Calgary—who also lent the park its name. The space features a reflecting pool, and large Precambrian igneous and metamorphic rocks that are approximately two billion years old from
15481-589: The war, and the area became part of the British colony of Quebec in 1763. During the American Revolutionary War , an influx of British settlers arrived there as United Empire Loyalists fled for the British-controlled lands north of Lake Ontario. The Crown granted them land to compensate for their losses in the Thirteen Colonies. The new province of Upper Canada was being created and needed
15618-631: The waterfront for the next 100 years. During the late 19th century, Toronto became the largest alcohol distillation (in particular, spirits ) centre in North America. By the 1860s, the Gooderham and Worts Distillery operations became the world's largest whisky factory. A preserved section of this once dominant local industry remains in the Distillery District . The harbour allowed access to grain and sugar imports used in processing. Horse-drawn streetcars gave way to electric streetcars in 1891 when
15755-462: The way media are evolving globally. Several editions in the 2006–07 year addressed issues of on-campus racial tension. In November 2006, it was reported that a group called "I'm a White Minority @ Ryerson" was formed on Facebook, the popular online networking site. The controversy snowballed as known white supremacist, and leader of the Nationalist Party of Canada Don Andrews , a Ryerson alum,
15892-420: The west, serve as the perimeter for the campus core; although the university also operates facilities beyond the core campus. Kerr Hall serves as the "campus heart," while Gould Street to the south of Kerr Hall serves as the university's main east–west corridor, connecting it with the other areas of the campus. Most of the streets and laneways throughout Toronto Metropolitan University's campus are considered
16029-513: Was a member of the Orange Order between 1850 and 1950, and the city was sometimes referred to as the " Belfast of Canada" because of Orange influence in municipal politics and administration. For brief periods, Toronto was twice the capital of the united Province of Canada : first from 1849 to 1851, following unrest in Montreal, and later from 1855 to 1859. After this date, Quebec was designated as
16166-464: Was an explosive expert clearing the ruins from the fire. It caused CA$ 10,387,000 in damage (roughly CA$ 277,600,000 in 2020 terms). The city received new European immigrant groups from the late 19th century into the early 20th century, particularly Germans, French, Italians, and Jews. They were soon followed by Russians, Poles, and other Eastern European nations, in addition to the Chinese entering from
16303-587: Was banned outright in Upper Canada (and throughout the British Empire) in 1834. Torontonians integrated people of colour into their society. In the 1840s, an eating house at Frederick and King Streets, a place of mercantile prosperity in the early city, was operated by a black man named Bloxom. As a major destination for immigrants to Canada, the city grew rapidly through the remainder of the 19th century. The first significant wave of immigrants were Irish, fleeing
16440-455: Was biased in any way in its reporting. In June 2021, what was then Ryerson University's school of journalism announced that it would be renaming the publication as well as the Ryerson Review of Journalism before the 2021–2022 school year to remove any reference to Egerton Ryerson , an architect of the Canadian Indian residential school system . The announcement was made a day after a vigil
16577-438: Was billed as a "soft landing pad" for international startups breaking into North America, and was renamed the 'Brampton Venture Zone by TMU' in August 2022, in light of the university's renaming process. The requirements for admission differ between students from Ontario, students from other provinces in Canada, and students based outside of Canada, due to the lack of uniformity in marking schemes. In addition to academic records,
16714-528: Was built at the entrance of the town's natural harbour, sheltered by a long sand-bar peninsula. The town's settlement formed at the harbour's eastern end behind the peninsula, near the present-day intersection of Parliament Street and Front Street (in the " Old Town " area). In 1813, as part of the War of 1812 , the Battle of York ended in the town's capture and plunder by United States forces. John Strachan negotiated
16851-504: Was completed in 1991 and holds 565 rooms. The Daphne Cockwell Complex was completed in 2019, and holds 332 rooms. The latter building is a multi-purpose structure, with the lower levels of the Daphne Cockwell Complex holding academic facilities; whereas its residential component is housed in its upper levels. The majority of university students do not live on campus, with only 5.2 per cent of students having lived on campus during
16988-478: Was formalized in December 2022 through an amendment to the institution's governing legislation. The university's central campus primarily lies within the Garden District of downtown Toronto . The campus is "interwoven" with the rest of the downtown core, with few entrance markers delineating the campus from the rest of the city. Most of the campus is designated as a mixed-use institutional area, although portions of
17125-435: Was granted limited degree-granting powers during the 1970s. The institution was reorganized into a full-fledged university in 1993 and renamed Ryerson Polytechnic University. In 2002, several years after the university's school of graduate studies was established, the university adopted the name Ryerson University. In 2022, it was renamed Toronto Metropolitan University, in response to concerns about Egerton Ryerson's influence on
17262-561: Was greatly enlarged, not through traditional annexations , but as an amalgamation of the Municipality of Metropolitan Toronto and its six lower-tier constituent municipalities: East York, Etobicoke, North York, Scarborough, York, and the original city itself. They were dissolved by an act of the Government of Ontario and formed into a single-tier City of Toronto (colloquially dubbed the " megacity "), replacing all six governments. The merger
17399-411: Was held on campus commemorating 215 dead Indigenous children found at Kamloops Indian Residential School . In September 2021, the newspaper changed its name to On The Record . Toronto Metropolitan University Toronto Metropolitan University ( TMU , or Toronto Met ), formerly Ryerson University , is a public research university located in Toronto , Canada. The university's core campus
17536-400: Was later extended by six months. In February 2012, the city moved to permanently close Gould Street to car traffic, from O'Keefe Lane to Bond Street. The closed pedestrian-only portions of Gould Street is designated as Toronto Metropolitan University Square, and includes an outdoor skating rink in the winter. Most of the parks, plazas, and green spaces on the university's campus are owned by
17673-508: Was named after Egerton Ryerson , who established the Toronto Normal School in 1847 on the future site of the Ryerson Institute of Technology. He also helped develop education in Canada West as the region's chief superintendent of education, creating a model for publicly funding the training of teachers and working on Canada West's Education Act, 1846 . The site of the normal school eventually developed into several buildings used by
17810-451: Was not completed until 2012, after the university was gifted 292,000 photographs of the Black Star collection. In total, the centre's collection contains approximately 375,000 objects, including historical photographs, photographs from contemporary artists, as well as the archival collections from publications like Life and The New York Times . The centre is housed in a building that
17947-531: Was passed by the provincial Parliament in 1963 to reorganize the institution. The institution was provided with its own board of governors and renamed Ryerson Polytechnical Institute in 1964. The nursing programs of three hospitals were transferred to the institution, the first one to be offered in a post-secondary institution in Canada. In 1971, the institute received limited degree-granting authority: Bachelor of Applied Arts and Bachelor of Technology, then Bachelor of Business Administration in 1977. In 1993,
18084-679: Was profiled on the front page of the March 21 edition. He defended the Facebook group's rights to form a white culture student group. Some criticized the paper for the story's poor timing, as March 21 is also the International Day for the Elimination of Racism . The Eyeopener , TMU's other student newspaper and competitor to the Ryersonian , ran an editorial critical of the Ryersonian's coverage and ran
18221-541: Was proposed as a cost-saving measure by the Progressive Conservative provincial government under premier Mike Harris . The announcement touched off vociferous public objections. In March 1997, a referendum in all six municipalities produced a vote of more than 3:1 against amalgamation. However, municipal governments in Canada are creatures of the provincial governments, and referendums have little to no legal effect. The Harris government could thus legally ignore
18358-465: Was renovated by Diamond Schmitt Architects during the early 2010s. The university operates three student residences with approximately 1,144 beds on campus including the Daphne Cockwell Complex, the International Living & Learning Centre, and Pitman Hall. The International Learning Centre was built in 1987 and is oldest student residence, housing approximately 256 residences. Pitman Hall
18495-408: Was ridiculed by some in other parts of the country, fuelled in part by what was perceived as a frivolous use of resources. The city attracted international attention in 2003 when it became the centre of a major SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) outbreak. Public health attempts to prevent the disease from spreading elsewhere temporarily dampened the local economy. From August 14 to 17, 2003,
18632-609: Was the second-fastest-growing metropolitan area in North America, adding 125,298 persons, compared with 131,767 in the Dallas–Fort Worth–Arlington metroplex in Texas. The large growth in the Toronto metropolitan area is attributed to international migration to Toronto. The COVID-19 pandemic in Canada first occurred in Toronto and was among the hotspots in the country . Toronto was named as one of 16 cities in North America (and one of two Canadian cities) to host matches for
18769-694: Was the site of the Battle of York and suffered heavy damage by American troops . York was renamed and incorporated in 1834 as the city of Toronto . It was designated as the capital of the province of Ontario in 1867 during Canadian Confederation . The city proper has since expanded past its original limits through both annexation and amalgamation to its current area of 630.2 km (243.3 sq mi). The diverse population of Toronto reflects its current and historical role as an important destination for immigrants to Canada . About half of its residents were born outside of Canada and over 200 ethnic origins are represented among its inhabitants. While
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