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82-516: One of Donald Knuth 's favourite novels, he described it as "one of Sjöwall and Wahlöö 's brilliantly Swedish detective novels". A senior policeman known for brutality is violently knifed while in his hospital bed (in Sabbatsberg Hospital ). Within a 24-hour period, Martin Beck investigates the policeman's many enemies in an attempt to identify the killer, for whom the murder was only a precursor to

164-401: A Charles Whitman -style attack on Stockholm. Since they cannot find a starting clue, the police go in the archives of the police ombudsman where they find many old complaints about Nyman. They encounter the entry of their former colleague Åke Eriksson; Eriksson's wife was in diabetic coma but she was considered drunk by Nyman and locked in the drunk cell, where she died. Finally, on the roof of

246-527: A Lutheran , is also the author of 3:16 Bible Texts Illuminated , in which he examines the Bible by a process of systematic sampling , namely an analysis of chapter 3, verse 16 of each book. Each verse is accompanied by a rendering in calligraphic art, contributed by a group of calligraphers led by Hermann Zapf . Knuth was invited to give a set of lectures at MIT on the views on religion and computer science behind his 3:16 project, resulting in another book, Things

328-423: A Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics conference and someone asked what he did. At the time, computer science was partitioned into numerical analysis , artificial intelligence , and programming languages . Based on his study and The Art of Computer Programming book, Knuth decided the next time someone asked he would say, "Analysis of algorithms". In 1969, Knuth left his position at Princeton to join

410-517: A 2008 appeal. In 2007, the university's board of trustees approved a shift back to giving equal weight to "Case" and "Western Reserve". A new logo was chosen and implementation began July 1. In an open letter to the university community, interim president Eastwood admitted that "the university had misplaced its own history and traditions." The "Forward Thinking" campaign was launched in 2011 by President Barbara Snyder and raised $ 1 billion in 30 months. The board of trustees unanimously agreed to expand

492-528: A Computer Scientist Rarely Talks About , where he published the lectures God and Computer Science . Knuth strongly opposes granting software patents to trivial solutions that should be obvious, but has expressed more nuanced views for nontrivial solutions such as the interior-point method of linear programming . He has expressed his disagreement directly to both the United States Patent and Trademark Office and European Patent Organisation . In

574-407: A National Science Foundation Fellowship and Woodrow Wilson Foundation Fellowship but they had the condition that you could not do anything else but study as a graduate student so he would not be able to continue as a consultant to Burroughs. He chose to turn down the fellowships and continued with Burroughs. In summer 1962, he wrote a FORTRAN compiler for Univac, but considered that “I sold my soul to

656-603: A PhD in mathematics from the California Institute of Technology , with a thesis titled Finite Semifields and Projective Planes . In 1963, after receiving his PhD, Knuth joined Caltech's faculty as an assistant professor. While at Caltech and after the success of the Burroughs B205 ALGOL compiler, he became consultant to Burroughs Corporation, joining the Product Planning Department. At Caltech he

738-443: A book on computer programming language compilers . While working on this project, he decided that he could not adequately treat the topic without first developing a fundamental theory of computer programming, which became The Art of Computer Programming . He originally planned to publish this as a single book, but as he developed his outline for the book, he concluded that he required six volumes, and then seven, to thoroughly cover

820-404: A correspondent, "Beware of bugs in the above code; I have only proved it correct, not tried it." Knuth published his first "scientific" article in a school magazine in 1957 under the title "The Potrzebie System of Weights and Measures". In it, he defined the fundamental unit of length as the thickness of Mad No. 26, and named the fundamental unit of force "whatmeworry". Mad published

902-836: A medium of travel, was conducted in the basement of a Western Reserve University dormitory in 1887, and Albert A. Michelson became the first American to win the Nobel Prize in science. As of April 2024, 2 Surgeons General of the United States , 1 Justice of the United States Supreme Court , 18 heads of state , 5 Olympic medallists , 1 NASA astronaut , 3 billionaires, 69 appointees to the National Academies , and 17 Nobel laureates are numbered among Case Western Reserve University faculty or alumni, or one of its predecessors prior to federation. Western Reserve College,

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984-457: A novel approach that Newsweek and CBS Evening News later reported on. Knuth was one of the founding editors of the Case Institute's Engineering and Science Review , which won a national award as best technical magazine in 1959. He then switched from physics to mathematics, and received two degrees from Case in 1960: his Bachelor of Science, and simultaneously a master of science by

1066-741: A number of programs taught in conjunction with other University Circle institutions, including University Hospitals , the Cleveland Clinic , the Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veteran's Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland Institute of Music , the Cleveland Hearing & Speech Center , the Cleveland Museum of Art , the Cleveland Institute of Art , the Cleveland Museum of Natural History . Severance Hall , home of

1148-786: A provision for the purchase of land in the University Circle area, adjacent to Western Reserve University, for the Case School of Applied Science. The school relocated to University Circle in 1885. In 1921 Albert Einstein came to the Case campus during his first visit to the United States, out of respect for the physics work performed there. Besides noting the research done in the Michelson–Morley experiment , Einstein also met with physics professor Dayton Miller to discuss his own research. During World War II , Case School of Applied Science

1230-545: A school with professional programs and liberal arts, came together to form Case Western Reserve University. In 1968, the Department of Biomedical Engineering launched as a newly unified collaboration between the School of Engineering and School of Medicine as the first in the nation and as one of the first Biomedical Engineering programs in the world. The following year in 1969, the first Biomedical Engineering MD/PhD program in

1312-434: A skyscraper in downtown Stockholm, it comes to a showdown with Eriksson, who has lost everything, at which point the novel ends with Martin Beck seriously injured by a gunshot. Martin Beck and his now grown-up daughter Ingrid develop their friendship; they eat out together. Police officer Kurt Kvant is killed in this book by the crazed killer on the roof. The book was adapted to film in 1976 and directed by Bo Widerberg . It

1394-514: A small printing business and taught bookkeeping. While a student at Milwaukee Lutheran High School , Knuth thought of ingenious ways to solve problems. For example, in eighth grade, he entered a contest to find the number of words that the letters in "Ziegler's Giant Bar" could be rearranged to create; the judges had identified 2,500 such words. With time gained away from school due to a fake stomachache, Knuth used an unabridged dictionary and determined whether each dictionary entry could be formed using

1476-517: A special award of the faculty, who considered his work exceptionally outstanding. At the end of his senior year at Case in 1960, Knuth proposed to Burroughs Corporation to write an ALGOL compiler for the B205 for $ 5,500. The proposal was accepted and he worked on the ALGOL compiler between graduating from Case and going to Caltech . In 1963, with mathematician Marshall Hall as his adviser, he earned

1558-476: A special unit for part-time and adult students in downtown Cleveland . By the 1960s, Reserve President John Schoff Millis and Case President T. Keith Glennan shared the idea that federation would create a complete university, one better able to attain national distinction. Financed by the Carnegie Corporation , Cleveland Foundation , Greater Cleveland Associated Foundation , and several local donors,

1640-470: A study commission of national leaders in higher education and public policy was charged with exploring the idea of federation. The Heald Commission, so known for its chair, former Ford Foundation President Henry T. Heald , predicted in its final report that a federation could create one of the largest private universities in the nation. In 1967, Case Institute of Technology, a school with its emphasis on engineering and science, and Western Reserve University,

1722-497: A yield rate of 13.8%. Of the 43% of incoming students in 2023 who submitted SAT scores, the total interquartile range was 1440–1530; of the 23% of incoming students in 2023 who submitted ACT scores, the interquartile range of composite scores was 32–35. Of all matriculating students, the average high school GPA was 3.8. 71% of admitted students graduated in the top 10% of their high school class. In U.S. News & World Report ' s 2025 rankings , Case Western Reserve

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1804-508: Is Gao Dena ( simplified Chinese : 高德纳 ; traditional Chinese : 高德納 ; pinyin : Gāo Dénà ). He was given this name in 1977 by Frances Yao shortly before making a three-week trip to China . In the 1980 Chinese translation of Volume 1 of The Art of Computer Programming ( simplified Chinese : 计算机程序设计艺术 ; traditional Chinese : 計算機程式設計藝術 ; pinyin : Jìsuànjī chéngxù shèjì yìshù ), Knuth explains that he embraced his Chinese name because he wanted to be known by

1886-489: Is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity". According to the National Science Foundation , in 2019 the university had research and development (R&D) expenditures of $ 439 million, ranking it 20th among private institutions and 58th in the nation. Case alumni, scientists, and scholars have played significant roles in many scientific breakthroughs and discoveries including

1968-508: Is a private research university in Cleveland, Ohio , United States. It was established in 1967 by a merger between Western Reserve University and the Case Institute of Technology. Case Western Reserve University comprises eight schools that offer more than 100 undergraduate programs and about 160 graduate and professional options across fields in STEM, medicine, arts, and the humanities. In 2024,

2050-599: Is an organist and a composer . He and his father served as organists for Lutheran congregations. Knuth and his wife have a 16-rank organ in their home. In 2016 he completed a piece for organ, Fantasia Apocalyptica , which he calls a "translation of the Greek text of the Revelation of Saint John the Divine into music". It was premièred in Sweden on January 10, 2018. Knuth's Chinese name

2132-505: Is noted (among other fields) for research in electrochemistry and electrochemical engineering . The Michelson–Morley interferometer experiment was conducted in 1887 in the basement of a campus dormitory by Albert A. Michelson of Case School of Applied Science and Edward W. Morley of Western Reserve University. Michelson became the first American to win a Nobel Prize in science. Also in 2018, The Hollywood Reporter ranked CWRU's Department of Theater Master of Fine Arts program with

2214-519: Is one hexadecimal dollar", and $ 0.32 for "valuable suggestions". According to an article in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology 's Technology Review , these Knuth reward checks are "among computerdom's most prized trophies". Knuth had to stop sending real checks in 2008 due to bank fraud, and now gives each error finder a "certificate of deposit" from a publicly listed balance in his fictitious "Bank of San Serriffe ". He once warned

2296-540: Is the 1974 recipient of the ACM Turing Award , informally considered the Nobel Prize of computer science. Knuth has been called the "father of the analysis of algorithms ". Knuth is the author of the multi-volume work The Art of Computer Programming . He contributed to the development of the rigorous analysis of the computational complexity of algorithms and systematized formal mathematical techniques for it. In

2378-457: Is to instruct a computer what to do, let us concentrate rather on explaining to human beings what we want a computer to do. Knuth embodied the idea of literate programming in the WEB system. The same WEB source is used to weave a TeX file, and to tangle a Pascal source file. These in their turn produce a readable description of the program and an executable binary respectively. A later iteration of

2460-537: The Case School of Applied Science . Classes began on September 15, 1881. The school received its charter by the state of Ohio in 1882. For the first four years of the school's existence, it was located in the Case family's home on Rockwell Street in downtown Cleveland . Classes were held in the family house, while the chemistry and physics laboratories were on the second floor of the barn. Amasa Stone 's gift to relocate Western Reserve College to Cleveland also included

2542-832: The Cleveland Orchestra , is on the Case Western Reserve campus. The Case Quadrangle, known also to students as the Engineering Quad, contains most engineering and science buildings, notably the John D. Rockefeller Physics Building. The Case Quad also houses administration buildings, including Adelbert Hall . The Michelson–Morley experiment occurred here, commemorated by a marker and the Michelson-Morley Memorial Fountain . The southernmost edge consists of athletic areas— Adelbert Gymnasium , Van Horn Field and

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2624-557: The Cleveland Play House as 18th in the English-speaking world. In 2019, this ranking improved to 12th. In 2014, Washington Monthly ranked Case Western Reserve University as the 9th best National University, but in the 2018 rankings, Case Western Reserve was ranked the 118th best National University. In 2013, Washington Monthly ranked Case Western Reserve as the nation's 4th best National University for contributing to

2706-553: The MIX / MMIX instruction set architectures . He strongly opposes the granting of software patents , and has expressed his opinion to the United States Patent and Trademark Office and European Patent Organisation . Donald Knuth was born in Milwaukee , Wisconsin , to Ervin Henry Knuth and Louise Marie Bohning. He describes his heritage as "Midwestern Lutheran German". His father owned

2788-497: The Stanford University faculty, where he became Fletcher Jones Professor of Computer Science in 1977. He became Professor of The Art of Computer Programming in 1990, and has been emeritus since 1993. Knuth is a writer as well as a computer scientist. "The best way to communicate from one human being to another is through story." In the 1970s, Knuth called computer science "a totally new field with no real identity. And

2870-577: The Theta Chi fraternity . While studying physics at Case, Knuth was introduced to the IBM 650 , an early commercial computer . After reading the computer's manual, Knuth decided to rewrite the assembly and compiler code for the machine used in his school because he believed he could do it better. In 1958, Knuth created a program to help his school's basketball team win its games. He assigned "values" to players in order to gauge their probability of scoring points,

2952-789: The Turing Award , the National Medal of Science , the John von Neumann Medal , and the Kyoto Prize . Knuth was elected a Distinguished Fellow of the British Computer Society (DFBCS) in 1980 in recognition of his contributions to the field of computer science. In 1990, he was awarded the one-of-a-kind academic title Professor of The Art of Computer Programming ; the title has since been revised to Professor Emeritus of The Art of Computer Programming . Case Western Reserve University Case Western Reserve University ( CWRU )

3034-488: The Weatherhead School of Management where he then killed graduate student Norman Wallace and wounded two professors. Halder took people in the building hostage, and they ran and barricaded themselves and hid during the seven hours that the gunman roamed the building, shooting indiscriminately. He was finally apprehended by a SWAT team. Halder was convicted on multiple felony counts and sentenced to life in prison; he lost

3116-597: The commencement speech in 1854. In 1838, the Loomis Observatory was built by astronomer Elias Loomis , and today remains the second oldest observatory in the United States, and the oldest still in its original location. In 1852, the Medical School became the second school in the United States to graduate a woman, Nancy Talbot Clark . Five more women graduated over the next four years, including Emily Blackwell and Marie Zakrzewska , giving Western Reserve

3198-502: The 1960s, and was acknowledged as a major contributor in Joseph Madachy 's Mathematics on Vacation . Knuth also appears in a number of Numberphile and Computerphile videos on YouTube , where he discusses topics from writing Surreal Numbers to why he does not use email. Knuth had proposed the name " algorithmics " as a better name for the discipline of computer science. In addition to his writings on computer science, Knuth,

3280-576: The 1970s, the publishers of TAOCP abandoned Monotype in favor of phototypesetting . Knuth became so frustrated with the inability of the latter system to approach the quality of the previous volumes, which were typeset using the older system, that he took time out to work on digital typesetting and created TeX and Metafont . While developing TeX, Knuth created a new methodology of programming, which he called literate programming , because he believed that programmers should think of programs as works of literature: Instead of imagining that our main task

3362-776: The Red Line connects campus to Cleveland Hopkins Airport and Downtown Cleveland . The bus rapid transit (BRT) HealthLine runs down the center of campus along Euclid Ave . Numerous RTA bus routes run through campus. The university in its present form consists of eight schools that offer more than 100 undergraduate programs and about 160 graduate and professional options. CWRU also supports over 100 interdisciplinary academic and research centers in various fields. The undergraduate student body hails from all 50 states and over 90 countries. The six most popular majors are biomedical engineering , biology / biological sciences , nursing , mechanical engineering , and psychology . Since 2016,

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3444-507: The TUG 2010 Conference, Knuth announced a satirical XML -based successor to TeX, titled "iTeX" ( pronounced [iː˨˩˦tɛks˧˥] , performed with a bell ringing), which would support features such as arbitrarily scaled irrational units, 3D printing , input from seismographs and heart monitors, animation, and stereophonic sound. In 1971, Knuth received the first ACM Grace Murray Hopper Award . He has received various other awards, including

3526-707: The Veale Convocation, Recreation and Athletic Center (commonly referred to as the Veale Center). The Veale Center houses the Horsburgh Gymnasium and the Veale Natatorium. The Flora Stone Mather Quadrangle is located north of Euclid Avenue between East Blvd., East 115th Street, and Juniper Road. The Flora Stone Mather College Historic District is more strictly defined by the area between East Blvd, Bellflower Road, and Ford Road north of Euclid Avenue. Named for

3608-400: The article in issue No. 33 (June 1957). To demonstrate the concept of recursion , Knuth intentionally referred "Circular definition" and "Definition, circular" to each other in the index of The Art of Computer Programming , Volume 1 . The preface of Concrete Mathematics has the following paragraph: When DEK taught Concrete Mathematics at Stanford for the first time, he explained

3690-477: The book to prepare students for doing original, creative research. In 1995, Knuth wrote the foreword to the book A=B by Marko Petkovšek , Herbert Wilf and Doron Zeilberger . He also occasionally contributes language puzzles to Word Ways: The Journal of Recreational Linguistics . Knuth has delved into recreational mathematics . He contributed articles to the Journal of Recreational Mathematics beginning in

3772-592: The campaign to $ 1.5 billion, which reached its mark in 2017. The campaign ultimately raised $ 1.82 billion. A 2020 United States presidential debate , the first of two, was held at the Samson Pavilion of the Health Education Campus (HEC), shared by the Cleveland Clinic . In February 2020, president Barbara Snyder was appointed the president of Association of American Universities (AAU). Later that year, former Tulane University president Scott Cowen

3854-725: The college of the Connecticut Western Reserve , was founded in 1826 in Hudson, Ohio , as the Western Reserve College and Preparatory School . Western Reserve College, or "Reserve" as it was popularly called, was the first college in northern Ohio. The school was called "Yale of the West"; its campus, now that of the Western Reserve Academy , imitated that of Yale. It had the same motto, "Lux et Veritas" (Light and Truth),

3936-449: The devil” to write a FORTRAN compiler. After graduating, Knuth returned to Burroughs in June 1961 but did not tell them he had graduated with a master's degree, rather than the expected bachelor's degree. Impressed by the ALGOL syntax chart, symbol table, recursive-descent approach and the separation of the scanning, parsing and emitting functions of the compiler Knuth suggested an extension to

4018-661: The discovery of gravitational waves ; the invention of the MRI ; the first external defibrillator ; isolation of the poliovirus ; the collaboration between the Case Institute of Technology and the Harshaw Chemical Company which enriched a majority of the uranium used in the Manhattan Project ; the Michelson-Morley experiment , which disproved the existence of "luminiferous aether" and confirmed that light did not need

4100-416: The distinction of graduating six of the first eight female physicians in the United States. By 1875, Cleveland had emerged as the dominant population and business center of the region, and the city wanted a prominent higher education institution. In 1882, with funding from Amasa Stone , Western Reserve College moved to Cleveland and changed its name to Adelbert College of Western Reserve University. Adelbert

4182-559: The famous Michelson–Morley experiment . There had been some discussion of a merger of the two institutions as early as 1890, but those talks dissolved quickly. In the 1920s, the Survey Commission on Higher Education in Cleveland took a strong stand in favor of federation and the community was behind the idea as well, but in the end all that came of the study was a decision by the two institutions to cooperate in founding Cleveland College,

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4264-503: The growing numbers of computer programmers in China at the time. In 1989, his Chinese name was placed atop the Journal of Computer Science and Technology 's header, which Knuth says "makes me feel close to all Chinese people although I cannot speak your language". Knuth used to pay a finder's fee of $ 2.56 for any typographical errors or mistakes discovered in his books, because "256 pennies

4346-474: The letters in the phrase. Using this algorithm, he identified over 4,500 words, winning the contest. As prizes, the school received a new television and enough candy bars for all of his schoolmates to eat. Knuth received a scholarship in physics to the Case Institute of Technology (now part of Case Western Reserve University ) in Cleveland , Ohio, enrolling in 1956. He also joined the Beta Nu Chapter of

4428-571: The philanthropist wife of prominent industrialist Samuel Mather and sister-in-law of the famous statesman John Hay , the Mather Quad is home to Weatherhead School of Management , School of Law , Mandel School of Applied Social Sciences , and many departments of the College of Arts and Sciences . The Kelvin Smith Library, Thwing Center, and Tinkham Veale Student Center (known also as "The Tink") sit on

4510-602: The process, he also popularized the asymptotic notation . In addition to fundamental contributions in several branches of theoretical computer science , Knuth is the creator of the TeX computer typesetting system, the related METAFONT font definition language and rendering system, and the Computer Modern family of typefaces. As a writer and scholar, Knuth created the WEB and CWEB computer programming systems designed to encourage and facilitate literate programming , and designed

4592-516: The public good. The publication's ranking was based upon a combination of factors including social mobility, research, and service. In 2009, the school had ranked 15th. Although Washington Monthly no longer ranks contributions to the public good as such, in its 2018 rankings of National Universities Case Western Reserve was ranked 180th in Social mobility and 118th in Service. In 2013, Case Western Reserve

4674-476: The same entrance standards, and nearly the same curriculum. It was different from Yale in that it was a manual labor college , in which students were required to perform manual labor, seen as psychologically beneficial. Western Reserve College's founders sought to instill in students an "evangelical ethos" and train ministers for Ohio, where there was an acute shortage of them. The college was located in Hudson because

4756-509: The somewhat strange title by saying that it was his attempt to teach a math course that was hard instead of soft. He announced that, contrary to the expectations of his colleagues, he was not going to teach the Theory of Aggregates, nor Stone's Embedding Theorem , nor even the Stone–Čech compactification . (Several students from the civil engineering department got up and quietly left the room.) At

4838-462: The standard of available publications was not that high. A lot of the papers coming out were quite simply wrong. ... So one of my motivations was to put straight a story that had been very badly told." From 1972 to 1973, Knuth spent a year at the University of Oslo among people such as Ole-Johan Dahl . This is where he had originally intended to write the seventh volume in his book series, which

4920-553: The state-of-the-art, co-designed with J. McNeeley. He attended a conference in Norway in May, 1967 organised by the people who invented the Simula language. Knuth influenced Burroughs to use Simula. Knuth had a long association with Burroughs as a consultant from 1960 to 1968 until his move into more academic work at Stanford in 1969. In 1962, Knuth accepted a commission from Addison-Wesley to write

5002-589: The subject. He published the first volume in 1968. Just before publishing the first volume of The Art of Computer Programming , Knuth left Caltech to accept employment with the Institute for Defense Analyses' Communications Research Division , then situated on the Princeton campus, which was performing mathematical research in cryptography to support the National Security Agency . In 1967, Knuth attended

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5084-453: The symbol table that one symbol could stand for a string of symbols. This became the basis of the DEFINE in Burroughs ALGOL, which has since been adopted by other languages. However, some really disliked the idea and wanted DEFINE removed. The last person to think it was a terrible idea was Edsger Dijkstra on a visit to Burroughs. Knuth worked on simulation languages at Burroughs producing SOL ‘Simulation Oriented Language’, an improvement on

5166-497: The system, CWEB , replaces Pascal with C , C++ , and Java . Knuth used WEB to program TeX and METAFONT, and published both programs as books, both originally published the same year: TeX: The Program (1986); and METAFONT: The Program (1986). Around the same time, LaTeX , the now-widely adopted macro package based on TeX, was first developed by Leslie Lamport , who later published its first user manual in 1986. Donald Knuth married Nancy Jill Carter on 24 June 1961, while he

5248-424: The top fields for graduating CWRU undergraduate students have been engineering, nursing, research and science, accounting and financial services, and information technology. In 2023, the university received 39,039 applications. It extended offers of admission to 11,193 applicants, or 28.7%. 73% of admitted students were from outside Ohio and 13% from outside the United States. 1,544 accepted students chose to enroll,

5330-451: The topic and then resigned, expecting that he would be fired. President Charles Backus Storrs took a leave of absence for health, and soon died. One of the two remaining professors, Elizur Wright , soon left to head the American Anti-Slavery Society . Western Reserve was the first college west of the Appalachian Mountains to enroll (1832) and graduate (1836) an African-American student, John Sykes Fayette . Frederick Douglass gave

5412-428: The town made the largest financial offer to help in its construction. That town, about 30 miles southeast of Cleveland, had been an antislavery center from the beginning: its founder, David Hudson , was against slavery, and founding trustee Owen Brown was a noted abolitionist who secured the location for the college. The abolitionist John Brown , who would lead the 1859 raid on Harpers Ferry , grew up in Hudson and

5494-442: The university enrolled 12,475 students (6,528 undergraduate plus 5,947 graduate and professional) from all 50 states and 106 countries and employed more than 1,182 full-time faculty members. The university's athletic teams, Case Western Reserve Spartans, play in NCAA Division III as a founding member of the University Athletic Association . Case Western Reserve University is a member of the Association of American Universities and

5576-407: The university's ability to recruit and maintain high-quality faculty, fund-raising and leadership." Also, the logo was derided among the university's community and alumni and throughout northeastern Ohio; critics said it looked like "...a fat man with a surfboard." On May 9, 2003, the 2003 Case Western Reserve University shooting occurred when Biswanath Halder entered the Peter B. Lewis Building of

5658-646: The western edge of the Mather Quad. On and near campus, CircleLink is a free public shuttle service in University Circle and Little Italy. Colloquially, the shuttle buses are known as Greenies . To supplement evening and nighttime hours, the Safe Ride Program provides personal pickup of students and staff upon request. For city public transit , rail and bus access are managed by the Greater Cleveland Regional Transit Authority (RTA). Unlimited use RTA passes are provided to undergraduate and full-time graduate students. The two Red Line rapid train stations are Little Italy–University Circle and Cedar–University . Notably,

5740-501: The world began at Case Western Reserve. The first computer engineering degree program in the United States was established in 1971 at Case Western Reserve. In 2003, the university unveiled a new logo and branding campaign that emphasized the "Case" portion of its name. In 2006, interim university president Gregory Eastwood convened a task group to study reactions to the campaign. The panel's report indicated that it had gone so poorly that, "There appear to be serious concerns now about

5822-422: Was a graduate student at the California Institute of Technology. They have two children: John Martin Knuth and Jennifer Sierra Knuth. Knuth gives informal lectures a few times a year at Stanford University , which he calls "Computer Musings". He was a visiting professor at the Oxford University Department of Computer Science in the United Kingdom until 2017 and an Honorary Fellow of Magdalen College . Knuth

5904-539: Was also ranked 32nd among U.S. universities—and 29th among private institutions—in the inaugural 2016 edition of The Wall Street Journal/Times Higher Education (WSJ/THE) rankings, but ranked tied for 39th among U.S. universities in 2019. Case Western Reserve University's biochemistry program is jointly administered with the CWRU School of Medicine , and was ranked 14th nationally in the latest rankings by Blue Ridge Institute for Medical Research . Case Western Reserve

5986-470: Was appointed interim president. On October 29, 2020, Eric W. Kaler , former University of Minnesota president, was appointed as the new Case Western Reserve University president, effective July 1, 2021. Case Western Reserve University's main campus is approximately 5 miles (8 km) east of Downtown Cleveland in the neighborhood known as University Circle , an area containing many educational, medical, and cultural institutions. Case Western Reserve has

6068-509: Was founded, to eventually become the Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering. Although the trustees of Case Institute of Technology and Western Reserve University did not formally federate their institutions until 1967, the institutions already shared buildings and staff when necessary and worked together often. One such example was seen in 1887, when Case physicist Albert Michelson and Reserve chemist Edward Morley collaborated on

6150-536: Was one of 131 colleges and universities nationally that took part in the V-12 Navy College Training Program which offered students a path to a Navy commission. Over time, the Case School of Applied Science expanded to encompass broader subjects, adopting the name Case Institute of Technology in 1947 to reflect the institution's growth. Led by polymer expert Eric Baer in 1963, the nation's first stand-alone Polymer Science and Engineering program

6232-508: Was operating as a mathematician but at Burroughs as a programmer working with the people he considered to have written the best software at the time in the ALGOL compiler for the B220 computer (successor to the B205). He was offered a $ 100,000 contract to write compilers at Green Tree Corporation but turned it down making a decision not to optimize income and continued at Caltech and Burroughs. He received

6314-478: Was published in 1994. In April 2020, Knuth said he anticipated that Volume 4 will have at least parts A through F. Volume 4B was published in October 2022. Knuth is also the author of Surreal Numbers , a mathematical novelette on John Conway 's set theory construction of an alternate system of numbers. Instead of simply explaining the subject, the book seeks to show the development of the mathematics. Knuth wanted

6396-529: Was ranked as tied for 51st among national universities and 160th among global universities. The 2020 edition of The Wall Street Journal / Times Higher Education (WSJ/THE) rankings ranked Case Western Reserve as 52nd among US colleges and universities. In 2018, Case Western Reserve was ranked 37th in the category American "national universities" and 146th in the category "global universities" by U.S. News & World Report . In 2019 U.S. News ranked it tied for 42nd and 152nd, respectively. Case Western Reserve

6478-528: Was renamed The Man on the Roof ( Swedish : Mannen på Taket ), and stars Carl-Gustaf Lindstedt , Sven Wollter , Thomas Hellberg and Håkan Serner . It was awarded with two Guldbagge Awards . Donald Knuth Donald Ervin Knuth ( / k ə ˈ n uː θ / kə- NOOTH ; born January 10, 1938) is an American computer scientist and mathematician. He is a professor emeritus at Stanford University . He

6560-411: Was the name of Stone's son. In 1877, Leonard Case Jr. began laying the groundwork for the Case School of Applied Science by secretly donating valuable pieces of Cleveland real estate to a trust. He asked his confidential advisor, Henry Gilbert Abbey, to administer the trust and to keep it secret until after his death in 1880. On March 29, 1880, articles of incorporation were filed for the founding of

6642-516: Was the son of co-founder Owen Brown. Hudson was a major stop on the Underground Railroad . Along with Presbyterian influences of its founding, the school's origins were strongly though briefly associated with the pre- Civil War abolitionist movement; the abolition of slavery was the dominant topic on campus in 1831. The trustees were unhappy with the situation. The college's chaplain and Bible professor, Beriah Green , gave four sermons on

6724-460: Was to deal with programming languages. But Knuth had finished only the first two volumes when he came to Oslo, and thus spent the year on the third volume, next to teaching. The third volume came out just after Knuth returned to Stanford in 1973. By 2011, Volume 4A had been published. Concrete Mathematics: A Foundation for Computer Science 2nd ed., which originated with an expansion of the mathematical preliminaries section of Volume 1 of TAoCP ,

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