76-475: 54°34′49″N 1°13′18″W / 54.5803°N 1.2216°W / 54.5803; -1.2216 Temenos is a sculpture in Middlesbrough , Northern England . It is approximately 110 metres (360 ft) long and 50 metres (160 ft) high and cost £2.7 million. The steel structure consists of a pole, a circular ring and an oval ring, all held together by steel wire. The name Temenos comes from
152-558: A capacity of up to 600. The venue is run by Middlesbrough Council and is funded, in part, by Arts Council England as a National Portfolio Organisation specialising in music. It was refurbished with the assistance of the National Lottery Heritage Fund and reopened in 2018. The Middlesbrough Theatre (formerly the Little Theatre) is in the suburb of Linthorpe . It was designed by architects Elder & De Pierro and
228-528: A cinema, a golf shop and a gym. Captain Cook Square, with the Future High Streets Fund, transitioned from majority retail sector to having a hospitality sector; mini-golf, indoor go-kart track, e-sport venue and bowling alley. Industry in the town was once dominated by steelmaking, shipbuilding and chemical industries. Since the late 20th century and into the 21st century, the demise of much of
304-654: A departure, not a positive description. One of the word's early users, Ivan Illich , prefigured this criticism and invented the term Conviviality, or the Convivial Society , to stand as a positive description of his version of a post-industrial society. A group of scholars (including Allen Scott and Edward Soja ) argue that industry remains at the center of the whole process of capitalist accumulation, with services not only becoming increasingly industrialized and automated but also remaining highly dependent on industrial growth. Some observers, including Soja (building on
380-476: A general theoretical backdrop in research design . As the term has been used, a few common themes, including the ones below have begun to emerge. Daniel Bell popularized the term through his 1974 work The Coming of Post-Industrial Society . Although some have credited Bell with coining the term, French sociologist Alain Touraine published in 1969 the first major work on the post-industrial society. The term
456-526: A healthy musical heritage. A number of bands and musicians hail from the area, including Paul Rodgers , Chris Rea , and Micky Moody . Middlesbrough Town Hall is the pre-eminent theatre venue in Middlesbrough. It has two concert halls: the first is a classic Victorian concert hall with a proscenium stage and seating 1,190; the second, under the main hall, is called the Middlesbrough Crypt and has
532-456: A lone bomber dropped 13 bombs between South Bank Road and the South Steel plant. More bombing occurred throughout the course of the war, with the railway station put out of action for two weeks in 1942. By the end of the war over 200 buildings had been damaged or destroyed within the Middlesbrough area. Areas of early and mid-Victorian housing were demolished and much of central Middlesbrough
608-779: A more prominent role in the wake of manufacturing's decline. Actor and then-artistic director of the Old Vic Theatre , Kevin Spacey , has argued the economic case for the arts in terms of providing jobs and being of greater importance in exports than manufacturing (as well as an educational role) in a guest column he wrote for The Times . Post-industrialism is criticized for the amount of real fundamental change it produces in society, if any at all. A mild view held by Alan Banks and Jim Foster contends that representations of post-industrial society by advocates assume professional, educated elites were previously less relevant than they have become in
684-410: A post-industrial society as they still expect its benefits but are more sensitized to moral trade-offs and risks. Similarly, post-industrial society has serviced the creative culture. Many of those most well-equipped to thrive in an increasingly technological society are young adults with tertiary education. As education itself becomes more and more oriented towards producing people capable of answering
760-585: A year. Temperatures range from mild summer highs in July and August typically around 21 °C (70 °F), to winter lows in December and January falling to around 0 °C (32 °F). Seasonal variations are small and both the mild summers and cool winters are far removed from the average climates of the latitude (54.5°N). This is mainly due to the British Isles being a relatively small land mass surrounded by water,
836-526: A £15 million series of five art installations by the sculptor Anish Kapoor and the structural designer Cecil Balmond . The artwork was planned to be created in the towns of Darlington , Hartlepool , Middlesbrough , Redcar and Stockton on Tees , all in the Tees Valley . The project was launched in July 2008 by Tees Valley Regeneration . If completed, the project would become the world's biggest public art project. In September 2012, Kapoor insisted that
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#1732970519918912-506: Is exacerbated by a " corporate liberalism " that seeks to continue economic growth through "the creation and satisfaction of false needs ", or as Christopher Lasch more derisively refers to it, "subsidized waste". Urban development (UD) in the context of post-industrialism is also a point of contention. In opposition to the view that the new leaders of post-industrial society are increasingly environmentally aware, this critique asserts that UD rather leads to environmental degradation, which
988-586: Is near the Riverside Stadium and the Parkway Centre is in Coulby Newham. Cleveland retail park (South Bank) and the retail part of Teesside Park (between Thornaby and Middlesbrough) are on the council's outskirts. The leisure part of Teesside Park is in the council area, including a cinema and bowling alley. Middlesbrough Leisure Park is located at the eastern edge of the town centre: it has restaurants,
1064-783: Is one of the Tree Cities of the World . The town centre is approximately 6 miles (9.7 km) from the coast, 7 miles (11 km) from Roseberry Topping in the North York Moors National Park and 25 miles (40 km) from the Yorkshire Dales National Park . Middlesbrough is within the Teesside , which is centred around the River Tees ; it includes nearby towns such as Stockton and Redcar . The following list shows
1140-490: Is reflected by the economic history of post-industrial societies. As economic activities shift from primarily primary and secondary sector-based to tertiary, and later quaternary, sector-based, cities in which this shift occurs become more open to exchanges of information. This is necessitated by the demands of a tertiary and quaternary sector: in order to better service an industry focused on finance, education, communication, management, training, engineering, and aesthetic design,
1216-549: Is rooted in the patterns of development. Urban sprawl , characterised behaviourally by cities "expanding at the periphery in even lower densities" and physically by " office parks , malls, strips, condo clusters, corporate campuses, and gated communities", is singled out as the main issue. Resulting from a post-industrialist culture of " mobile capital , the service economy , post-Fordist disposable consumerism and banking deregulation ", urban sprawl has caused post-industrialism to become environmentally and socially regressive. Of
1292-419: Is stressed to be one where knowledge is power and technology is the instrument. Naturally, where one is creatively inclined, they are advantaged by such a society. The doctrine of "speed, mobility, and malleability" is well suited to a dynamic creative industry and as industries of good production decrease in precedence, the way is paved for artists, musicians, and other such types, whose skills are better used by
1368-609: Is supplemented by the aforementioned movement of power into the hands of young educated people concerned with social justice. Economists at Berkeley have studied the value of knowledge as a form of capital , adding value to material capital, such as a factory or a truck. Speaking along the same lines of their argument, the addition or 'production' of knowledge, could become the basis of what would undoubtedly be considered 'post-industrial' policies meant to deliver economic growth. The valuation of specifically scientific knowledge and technology can paradoxically be devalued by individuals in
1444-465: Is that it is a technocracy ". Such societies then become notable for their ability to subvert social consciousness through powers of manipulation rather than powers of coercion , reflective of the "ideology of the ruling class [as] … predominantly managerial". Pope Francis has suggested that "the post-industrial period may well be remembered as one of the most irresponsible in history", although he follows this comment with "the hope that humanity at
1520-682: Is treated elsewhere by contentions that the post-industrial society merely perpetuates capitalism. Recalling the critical assertion that all modern societies are technocracies, T. Roszak completes the analysis by stating that "all societies are moving in the direction of technocracies". From this, the foremost "suave technocracies" reside in the West, whereas all others are successively graded in descending order: "vulgar technocracies", " teratoid technocracies", and finally "comic opera technocracies". This view importantly presumes one transition and furthermore one path of transition for societies to undergo, i.e.
1596-587: The Ancient Greek ( τέμενος < τέμνω , temno, 'to cut') term for land cut off and assigned as an official domain, especially to kings and chiefs, or a piece of land marked off from common uses and dedicated to a god, a sanctuary, holy grove or holy precinct. The structure is in the Middlehaven area of Middlesbrough, close to where the Transporter bridge is located; construction work started in autumn 2008 and
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#17329705199181672-538: The Cleveland non-metropolitan county until its abolition and in 1996 , the Borough of Middlesbrough became a unitary authority of North Yorkshire . In 2011, a local enterprise partnership was formed from the former Cleveland boroughs and the borough of Darlington called Tees Valley , in 2016 the area appointed a combined authority mayor. The Middlesbrough constituency is represented by Andy McDonald for Labour in
1748-622: The Conservative Party , who won the seat from Labour in the 2017 general election . Prior to Clarke's election, the seat had always been Labour since it was created in 1997. Different constituencies have historically covered the town: Middlesbrough is south of the River Tees with nature reserves and heavy industry on the opposite bank. Some open spaces in the town are off the B1380 road (Ladgate Lane): Sandy Flatts, Middlesbrough Municipal Golf Course, Stewart Park and Ormesby Hall 's grounds. It
1824-482: The Teesside built-up area and the Tees Valley . It is located 41 miles (66 km) south of Newcastle upon Tyne , 43 miles (69 km) north of York , 66 miles (106 km) north-west of Leeds , and 217 miles (349 km) north of London . With a population of 148,215 recorded in 2021 , Middlesbrough is one of the largest settlements in North East England . A hamlet surrounded by rural farmland until
1900-486: The ceremonial county of North Yorkshire. Since 2016, Middlesbrough has had a representative seat on the Tees Valley Combined Authority (TVCA). Middlesbrough started as a Benedictine priory on the south bank of the River Tees , its name possibly derived from it being midway between the holy sites of Durham and Whitby . The earliest recorded form of Middlesbrough's name is "Mydilsburgh". Some believe
1976-599: The Global West, which its proponents assume to be solely capable of fully realizing industrialization and then post-industrialization. Herman Kahn optimistically predicted the "economic growth, expanded production and growing efficiency" of post-industrial societies and the resultant "material abundance and… high quality of life " to extend to "almost all people in Western societies" and only "some in Eastern societies". This prediction
2052-523: The House of Commons. He was elected in a by-election held on 29 November 2012 following the death of previous Member of Parliament Sir Stuart Bell , who was the MP since 1983. Middlesbrough has been a traditionally safe Labour seat. The first Conservative MP for Middlesbrough was Sir Samuel Alexander Sadler , elected in 1900. The Middlesbrough South and East Cleveland constituency is represented by Simon Clarke of
2128-540: The River Tees to find a suitable new site downriver of Stockton on which to place new coal staithes . As a result, in 1829, he and a group of Quaker businessmen bought the Middlesbrough farmstead and associated estate, some 527 acres (213 ha) of land, and established the Middlesbrough Estate Company. Through the company, the investors set about a new coal port development (designed by John Harris ) on
2204-529: The area in 2006 and the remaining companies are now members of the Northeast of England Process Industry Cluster (NEPIC). The Middlesbrough Mela is an annual, multi-cultural festival attracting an audience of up to 40,000 to enjoy a mix of live music, food, craft and fashion stalls. It began in Middlesbrough's Central Gardens, now Centre Square, and is either held there or in Albert Park. Middlesbrough also has
2280-403: The area today. The expansion of Middlesbrough southwards, eastwards and westwards continued throughout the 20th century absorbing villages such as Linthorpe , Acklam , Ormesby , Marton and Nunthorpe and continues to the present day. The local authority is Middlesbrough Council , a unitary authority . Middlesbrough also forms part of the Tees Valley Combined Authority . Middlesbrough
2356-556: The area; for example, Ormesby , Stainsby and Tollesby were once separate villages that belonged to Vikings called Orm, Steinn and Toll that are now areas of Middlesbrough were recorded in the Domesday Book of 1086. In 1801, Middlesbrough was a small farming township with a population of just 25. From 1829 onwards it experienced rapid growth. In 1828, the influential Quaker banker, coal mine owner and Stockton and Darlington Railway (S&DR) shareholder Joseph Pease sailed up
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2432-435: The borough covered the civil parish of Middlesbrough and parts of the parishes of Linthorpe (where the old township had been made a separate parish in 1866), Marton , Normanby , Ormesby and West Acklam. The Local Government Act 1894 said that parishes could no longer straddle borough boundaries, and so the parish of Middlesbrough was enlarged to cover the whole borough. The borough was further enlarged in 1913, taking in
2508-622: The church of St. Hilda of Middleburg to Whitby. Up until its closure on the Dissolution of the Monasteries by Henry VIII in 1537, the church was maintained by 12 Benedictine monks, many of whom became vicars, or rectors, of various places in Cleveland. After the Angles , the area became home to Viking settlers. Names of Viking origin (with the suffix by meaning village ) are abundant in
2584-417: The city must become points of exchange capable of providing the most updated information from across the globe. Conversely, as cities become a convergence of international ideas, the tertiary and quaternary sector can be expected to grow. A cult of 'creatives' have sprung up embodying and often describing and defending the post-industrial ethos. They argue that businesses that create intangibles have taken
2660-570: The dawn of the twenty-first century will be remembered for having generously shouldered its grave responsibilities". In line with the view that nothing fundamental has changed in the transition from industrial societies to post-industrial societies is the insistence of lingering problems from past development periods. Neo-Malthusian in essence, this outlook focuses on post-industrial society's continuing struggle with issues of resource scarcity , overpopulation , and environmental degradation , all of which are remnants from its industrial history. This
2736-478: The estate covering approximately 779 acres. Steel, petrochemical, agribulks, manufacturing, engineering and high street commerce operations are all supported through Teesport, in addition to the renewable energy sector, in both production and assembly facilities. In 1875, Bolckow, Vaughan & Co opened the Cleveland Steelworks in Middlesbrough, beginning the transition from iron production to steel and, by
2812-462: The expansion of the Stockton and Darlington Railway in 1830, Middlesbrough experienced booms in heavy industry during the 19th century. The town experienced deindustrialisation beginning in the late 20th century. Part of Yorkshire since before the Domesday Book , Middlesbrough became a town with a municipal borough in 1853. When Yorkshire was split into its ancient ridings in 1889, Middlesbrough
2888-507: The expert" consequently gives rise to the growing role of universities and research institutes in post-industrial societies. Post-industrial societies themselves become oriented around these places of knowledge production and production of experts as their new foci. Consequently, the greatest beneficiaries in the post-industrial society are young urban professionals. As a new, educated, and politicized generation, more impassioned by liberalism, social justice, and environmentalism, comes into being;
2964-447: The former, environmental degradation results from encroachment as cities meet demands on low-density habitation; the wider spread of population consumes more of the environment while necessitating more energy consumption to facilitate travel within the ever-growing city, incurring greater pollution. This process evokes the neo-Malthusian concerns of overpopulation and resource scarcity that inevitably lead to environmental deterioration. Of
3040-485: The heavy industry in the area, newer technologies (such as the digital sector) have emerged. Middlesbrough also remains a stronghold for engineering based manufacturing and engineering contract service businesses. To help support this, the new TeesAMP advanced manufacturing park is designed to accommodate businesses associated with advanced manufacturing and emerging technologies. Announced in September 2020, TeesAMP will be
3116-425: The industrial society (producing the raw materials and goods consumed by its peer) were for some reason to cut off supply to the post-industrial nation, there would be little recourse for the latter to ensure that supply chains were not disrupted. Since the society based on ideas would have diminished real product output, the industrial society would be in a position to dictate terms to its counterpart. The response from
Temenos (Kapoor) - Misplaced Pages Continue
3192-462: The infamous SS Mont-Blanc , the steamship which caused the 1917 Halifax Explosion in Canada. The area is still home to the nearby large Wilton International industrial site which until 1995 was largely owned by Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI). The fragmentation of that company led to smaller manufacturing units being owned by multinational organisations. The last part of ICI itself completely left
3268-402: The land. Middlehaven has since had new buildings built there including Middlesbrough College and Middlesbrough FC's Riverside Stadium amongst others. Also situated at Middlehaven is the "Boho" zone, offering office space to the area's business and to attract new companies, and also "Bohouse", housing. Some of the street names from the original grid-iron street plan of the town still exist in
3344-408: The latter, "post-industrialism's doctrine of … mobility and malleability" encourage a disconnect between communities where social belonging falls into the category of things considered by the "post-Fordist disposable consumer[ist]" attitude as interchangeable, expendable, and replaceable. Post-industrialism as a concept is highly Western -centric. Theoretically and effectively, it is only possible in
3420-507: The location of the UK's first hydrogen transport centre. Teesport , owned by PD Ports , is a major contributor to the economy of Middlesbrough and the port owners have their offices in the town. The port is 1 mile (2 km) from the North Sea and 4 miles (6 km) east of Middlesbrough, on the River Tees . In 2019 it handled over 4,350 vessels each year and around 27 million tonnes of cargo with
3496-416: The mid-1870s Middlesbrough was producing one third of the entire nation's Pig Iron output. It was during this time Middlesbrough earned the nickname "Ironopolis". On 21 January 1853, Middlesbrough received its Royal Charter of Incorporation , giving the town the right to have a mayor, aldermen and councillors. Henry Bolckow became mayor, in 1853. In the latter half of the 19th century, Old Middlesbrough
3572-592: The mild south-westerly Gulf Stream air that dominates the British Isles, and the propensity for cloud cover to limit temperature extremes. In nearby Scandinavia , more than ten degrees further north, there are coastal Bothnian climates with warmer summers than Middlesbrough; and winters in Middlesbrough can be less cold than those at lower latitudes in mainland Europe. Middlesbrough has four shopping centres accessible from Linthorpe road: Cleveland Centre , Hill Street, Captain Cook Square and Dundas. Gateway Retail Park
3648-542: The name means "middle fortress", as it was midway between the two religious houses of Durham and Whitby; others state that it is an Old English personal name ( Midele or Myhailf ) combined with burgh meaning town. In 686, a monastic cell was consecrated by St. Cuthbert at the request of St. Hilda , Abbess of Whitby . The cell evolved into Middlesbrough Priory . The manor of Middlesburgh belonged to Whitby Abbey and Gisborough Priory . Robert Bruce, Lord of Cleveland and Annandale , granted and confirmed, in 1119,
3724-625: The need for self-actualization, creativity, and self-expression, successive generations become more endowed with the ability to contribute to and perpetuate such industries. This change in education, as well among the emerging class of young professionals, is initiated by what James D Wright identifies as an "unprecedented economic affluence and the satiation of basic material needs". Ellen Dunham-Jones as well observes this feature of post-industrial society where "abundant goods [are] equitably distributed [in order that] laborless leisure and self-determination " can be consumed. The post-industrial society
3800-424: The new social order , and that changes that have occurred are minor but greatly embellished. More critical views see the entire process as the highest evolution of capitalism , wherein the system produces commodities as opposed to practical goods and is determined privately instead of socially. This view is complemented by the assertion that "the characteristic feature of a modern [that is, post-industrial] society
3876-608: The new "Bell Hopper" system of closed blast furnaces developed at the Ebbw Vale works. The new system and nearby abundant supply of Ironstone in the Eston Hills in 1850, made the works a success with the area becoming known as the "Iron-smelting centre of the world" and Bolckow, Vaughan & Co., Ltd the largest company in existence at the time. By 1851, Middlesbrough's population had grown from 40 people in 1829 to 7,600. Pig iron production rose tenfold between 1851 and 1856 and by
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#17329705199183952-475: The news until May 2018 when Stockton Council was hoping to revive the scheme by seeking funding from Tees Valley Combined Authority for a second sculpture. Middlesbrough Middlesbrough ( / ˈ m ɪ d əl z b r ə / MID -əlz-brə ), colloquially known as Boro , is a port town in North Yorkshire , England. Lying to the south of the River Tees , Middlesbrough forms part of
4028-408: The one that Western societies are slated to complete. Much like the demographic transition model, this prediction does not entertain the idea of an Eastern or other alternative models of transitional development. When historians and sociologists considered the revolution that followed the agricultural society they did not call it a "post-agricultural society". "Post-industrial society" signifies only
4104-498: The other projects would go ahead, but by September 2016 no progress had been announced. The other four structures were never formally announced, and in June 2012 the BBC revealed that plans for them had been put on hold; it currently seems unlikely that funding for them will be secured. In September 2012, Kapoor insisted that all of the structures would go ahead, but the project then slipped out of
4180-523: The port meant it soon became overwhelmed by the volume of imports and exports, and in 1839 work started on a dock to the east of Middlesbrough. The first water for the dock was let in on 19 March 1842, while the formal opening took place on 12 May 1842. Iron dominated the Tees area since 1841 when Henry Bolckow in partnership with John Vaughan , founded the Vulcan iron foundry and rolling mill . Vaughan introduced
4256-417: The primary and secondary sector and that the tertiary (and quaternary) sectors will take precedence in the economy. This will continue to occur such that the "impact of the expert" will expand and power will be monopolized by knowledge. As tertiary and quaternary sector positions are essentially knowledge-oriented, this will result in a restructuring of education, at least in its nuances. The "new power… of
4332-593: The rest of Linthorpe and the North Ormesby area from the parish of Ormesby. In 1932 it gained West Acklam and smaller parts from other parishes when the Middlesbrough Rural District was abolished. In the latter half of the 20th century, Middlesbrough was affected by three reforms: in 1968 , Middlesbrough became part of the Teesside County Borough ; in 1974 , it became the county town of
4408-588: The same area was made a municipal borough . The borough boundaries were extended in 1858, 1866 and 1887. When elected county councils were created in 1889 under the Local Government Act 1888 , Middlesbrough was considered large enough to provide its own county-level services and so it became a county borough , independent from the new North Riding County Council , whilst remaining part of the North Riding of Yorkshire for ceremonial purposes. By this time,
4484-468: The second half of the 19th century (fuelled by the iron and steel industry), the population reaching 90,000 by the dawn of the 20th century. Middlesbrough was the first major British town and industrial target to be bombed during the Second World War . The steel making capacity and railways for carrying steel products were obvious targets. The Luftwaffe first bombed the town on 25 May 1940, when
4560-430: The shift of power into their hands, as a result of their knowledge endowments, is often cited as a good thing. The increasing importance of knowledge in post-industrial societies results in a general increase in expertise through the economy and throughout society. In this manner, it eliminates what Alan Banks and Jim Foster identify as "undesirable work as well as the grosser forms of poverty and inequality". This effect
4636-506: The southern banks of the Tees. The first coal shipping staithes at the port (known as "Port Darlington") were constructed with a settlement to the east established on the site of Middlesbrough farm as labour for the port, taking on the farm's name as it developed into a village. The port was linked to the S&;DR on 27 December 1830 via a branch that extended to an area just north of the current Middlesbrough railway station. The success of
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#17329705199184712-533: The term to describe Chinese growth in a round-table discussion in Shanghai in 1998. The post-industrialized society is marked by an increased valuation of knowledge. This itself is unsurprising, having been foreshadowed in Daniel Bell 's presumption as to how economic employment patterns will evolve in such societies. He asserts employment will grow faster in the tertiary (and quaternary) sector relative to employment in
4788-452: The tertiary and quaternary sector. Urban geographer Trevor Barnes, in his work outlining the Vancouver experience in post-war development, evokes the post-industrial condition, citing the emergence and consolidation of a significant video games industry as a constituent of the elite service sector. This increased faculty of the post-industrialist society with respects to the creative industry
4864-450: The theories of the French philosopher of urbanism Henri Lefebvre ), suggest that although industry may be based outside of a "post-industrial" nation, that nation cannot ignore industry's necessary sociological importance. Further concerns can be raised regarding the difference in mindset and objectives between those in an industrial society, and those in a post-industrial one. For instance, if
4940-598: The turn of the century, the area had become one of the major steel centres in the country and possibly the world. In 1900, Bolckow, Vaughan & Co had become the largest producer of steel in Great Britain. In 1914, Dorman Long , another major steel producer from Middlesbrough, became the largest company in Britain, employing a workforce of over 20,000, and by 1929 it was the dominant steel producer on Teesside after taking over Bolckow, Vaughan & Co and acquiring its assets. It
5016-615: The wards that correspond to the Middlesbrough built-up area ; those in bold have civil parishes. Middlesbrough has an oceanic climate typical for the United Kingdom. Being sheltered from prevailing south-westerly winds by the Lake District and Pennines to the west, and the Cleveland Hills to the south, Middlesbrough is in one of the relatively dry parts of the country, receiving on average 574 millimetres (22.6 inches) of rain
5092-488: Was also used extensively by social philosopher Ivan Illich in his 1973 paper Tools for Conviviality and appears occasionally in Leftist texts throughout the mid-to-late 1960s. The term has grown and changed as it became mainstream. The term is now used by marketers such as Seth Godin , public policy PhDs such as Keith Boeckelman, and sociologists such as Neil Fligstein and Ofer Sharone. U.S. President Bill Clinton used
5168-615: Was completed by spring 2010, and the sculpture was officially presented to the people of Middlesbrough on 10 June 2010. It was funded by the Government Initiative, The Northern Way , the regional development agency One NorthEast , the Arts Council England , the Northern Rock Foundation , Middlesbrough Football Club and BioRegional Quintain. The sculpture was part of the planned Tees Valley Giants , intended as
5244-457: Was created in 1744, also covering the neighbouring township of Linthorpe , and the curacy of Middlesbrough gradually came to be treated as a civil parish . After construction of the modern town began in 1830, there was a need for more urban forms of local government. In 1841 a body of improvement commissioners was set up covering the township of Middlesbrough and part of the township of Linthorpe. The commissioners were superseded in 1853 when
5320-400: Was demolished to make way for the road. Middlesbrough F.C.'s modern Riverside Stadium opened on 26 August 1995 next to Middlesbrough Dock. The club moved from their previous home in the town for 92 years, Ayresome Park . The original St.Hilda's area of Middlesbrough, after decades of decline and clearance, was given a new name of Middlehaven in 1986 on investment proposals to build on
5396-493: Was historically a township in the ancient parish of West Acklam in the Langbaurgh Wapentake (also known as Cleveland ) of the North Riding of Yorkshire . After the dissolution of the monastery in 1539 the former Middlesbrough Priory was used as a chapel of ease to West Acklam for a time, but by about 1660 the building had been demolished. Despite having no church building, a perpetual curacy of Middlesbrough
5472-528: Was large enough to become a county borough , independent from the then new North Riding County Council . In 1968, the Borough of Middlesbrough was merged into the County Borough of Teesside . Six years later in 1974, a borough with the town's name was re-established within the new county of Cleveland . The new county was abolished in 1996, and since then the town's borough has had unitary authority status within
5548-647: Was possibly the largest steel producer in Britain at the time. The steel components of the Sydney Harbour Bridge (1932) were engineered and fabricated by Dorman Long of Middlesbrough. The company was also responsible for the New Tyne Bridge in Newcastle . Several large shipyards also lined the Tees, including the Sir Raylton Dixon & Company , which produced hundreds of steam freighters including
5624-408: Was redeveloped. Heavy industry was relocated to areas of land better suited to the needs of modern technology. Middlesbrough itself began to take on a completely different look. Post war industrial to contemporary un-industrial Middlesbrough has changed the town, multiple buildings replaced and roads built. The A66 road was built through the town in the 1980s; Middlesbrough's Royal Exchange building
5700-439: Was starting to decline and was overshadowed by developments built around the new town hall , south of the original town hall . On 15 August 1867, a Reform Bill was passed, making Middlesbrough a new parliamentary borough, Bolckow was elected member for Middlesbrough the following year. In 1900, Bolckow, Vaughan & Co had become the largest producer of steel in Great Britain. The town's rapid expansion continued throughout
5776-667: Was the first purpose designed theatre to be erected in post-war England when it was opened on 22 October 1957 by Sir John Gielgud . Post-industrial society In sociology, the post-industrial society is the stage of society's development when the service sector generates more wealth than the manufacturing sector of the economy. The term was originated by Alain Touraine and is closely related to similar sociological theoretical concepts such as post-Fordism , information society , knowledge economy , post-industrial economy , liquid modernity , and network society . They all can be used in economics or social science disciplines as
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