32-491: (Redirected from Tanganika ) [REDACTED] Look up Tanganyika in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Tanganyika may refer to: Places [ edit ] Tanganyika Territory (1916–1961), a former British territory which preceded the sovereign state Tanganyika (1961–1964) , a sovereign state, comprising the mainland part of present-day Tanzania Tanzania Mainland ,
64-534: A "Black man's country", similar to Nigeria in terms of its state structure. And as the policy of colonial rule in Nigeria changed to indirect rule so too did the governance of Tanganyika. The British also pursued an anti-German policy which was led by the head official in Tanganyika, Sir Horace Bryatt. Bryatt was an unpopular politician, and his policies of expelling Germans halved Tanganyika's European population. Many of
96-490: A 1954 action adventure film Tanganyika (album) , a 1956 album by Buddy Collette HMS Tanganyika , an Algerine -class minesweeper See also [ edit ] [REDACTED] Search for "Tanganyika" on Misplaced Pages. United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar , the predecessor of Tanzania All pages with titles beginning with Tanganyika All pages with titles containing Tanganyika Tanzania (disambiguation) Topics referred to by
128-434: A 1956 album by Buddy Collette HMS Tanganyika , an Algerine -class minesweeper See also [ edit ] [REDACTED] Search for "Tanganyika" on Misplaced Pages. United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar , the predecessor of Tanzania All pages with titles beginning with Tanganyika All pages with titles containing Tanganyika Tanzania (disambiguation) Topics referred to by
160-541: A League of Nations mandate until the end of World War II after which it was held as a United Nations trust territory. In 1961, Tanganyika gained its independence from the UK as Tanganyika , joining the Commonwealth . It became a republic a year later. Tanganyika now forms part of the modern-day sovereign state of Tanzania . The name of the territory was taken from the large lake in its west . Henry Morton Stanley had found
192-563: A new name to replace "Deutsch Ostafrika" or "German East Africa". Various names were considered, including "Smutsland" in honour of General Jan Smuts (denied for being "inelegant"), "Eburnea", "New Maryland", "Windsorland" after the British Royal Family's new family name, and "Victoria" after both the Lake and the Queen. The Colonial Secretary insisted that "a native name prominently associated with
224-732: A number of ways, leading to the establishment of the East African High Commission (1948–1961) and the East African Common Services Organisation (1961–1967), forerunners of the East African Community . The country held its first elections in 1958 and 1959. The following year it was granted internal self-government and fresh elections were held. Both elections were won by the Tanganyika African National Union (TANU), which led
256-585: A sovereign state, comprising the mainland part of present-day Tanzania Tanzania Mainland , the current area of the former country state and territory of Tanganyika Lake Tanganyika , an African Great Lake Tanganyika Province , a province in the Democratic Republic of the Congo Tanganika District , a former district of Katanga Province that became Tanganyika Province in 2015 Other uses [ edit ] Tanganyika (film) ,
288-430: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Tanganyika [REDACTED] Look up Tanganyika in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Tanganyika may refer to: Places [ edit ] Tanganyika Territory (1916–1961), a former British territory which preceded the sovereign state Tanganyika (1961–1964) ,
320-552: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Tanganyika Territory Tanganyika was a colonial territory in East Africa which was administered by the United Kingdom in various guises from 1916 until 1961. It was initially administered under a military occupation regime. From 20 July 1922, it was formalised into a League of Nations mandate under British rule. From 1946, it
352-526: The 1958 election under colonial rule where TANU candidates or TANU-supported candidates won every seat. The majority of the voters in Tanganyika were African, approximately two-thirds of the 28,500 registered voters, with them coming from across the country. There was some resistance, though, from the British settlers who established the United Tanganyikan Party (UTP) by Brian Willis in 1956. However,
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#1733085836762384-520: The Tanganyikan administration. This led to the Asian population in Tanganyika increasing from 8,698 in 1912 to 25,144 in 1931. One of the major drivers for decolonisation in Tanganyika was TANU which was founded in 1954, led by Julius Nyerere . In 1963, TANU opened its doors to all members of society within Tanganyika, whereas it had previously only been open to Africans. The success of TANU can be seen in
416-520: The colonial state had attempted to give a disproportionate amount of power to the European and Asian minority groups living within Tanganyika. This would have undermined the entire basis of Tanganyika independence. TANU installed a deep-rooted fear within the African population that the colonialists might still rule or have influence, even after independence. Although independence came peacefully for Tanganyika,
448-506: The country suffered from similar problems with many other post-colonial African countries such as poor financial resources and inadequate levels of infrastructure. However, two of the main factors that burdened Tanganyika's independence were its geography and its surrounding neighbours. The destabilising conflicts that bordered Tanganyika meant that refugees from the Congo , Burundi , and Rwanda often flooded into Tanganyika. The influx of refugees
480-508: The country to independence in December 1961. The following year a presidential election was held, with TANU leader Julius Nyerere emerging victorious. In the mid-20th century, Tanganyika was the largest producer of beeswax in the world. The British state took control of the colony of Tanganyika as a result of the Treaty of Versailles. Once Britain took control of the colony, they wished it to be
512-416: The current area of the former country state and territory of Tanganyika Lake Tanganyika , an African Great Lake Tanganyika Province , a province in the Democratic Republic of the Congo Tanganika District , a former district of Katanga Province that became Tanganyika Province in 2015 Other uses [ edit ] Tanganyika (film) , a 1954 action adventure film Tanganyika (album) ,
544-475: The ex-German plantations were sold to European companies and mixed farms were given to new British owners. Much of Tanganyika's economy was based around cash crops , in particular coffee. British rule did have positives for the Asian community living in Tanganyika. Under Britain's protection, they were no longer attacked as they were during the war. Many of them were employed from the Indian administration to work for
576-587: The mainland into various spheres of influence, and the Sultan was forced to acquiesce. The Germans brutally repressed the Maji Maji Rebellion of 1905. The German colonial administration instituted an educational program for native Africans, including elementary, secondary, and vocational schools. The German colonial administrations developed the colony through several means. Cultivation of several profitable cash crops such as cotton , sisal , cocoa and coffee
608-452: The name of "Tanganika", when he travelled to Ujiji in 1876. He wrote that the locals were not sure about its meaning and conjectured that it meant something like "the great lake spreading out like a plain", or "plain-like lake". The name was chosen by the British with the Treaty of Versailles , and as such the name took effect when Britain was given control of Tanganyika in 1920. Britain needed
640-416: The party became redundant as it was clear that Nyerere and TANU were going to win the battle over Tanganyikan independence. UTP was less effective due to the £4,000 annual salary for Willis which limited the party's effectiveness, as they lacked funds to campaign effectively. Tanganyika eventually gained its independence on 9 December 1961, after Nyerere had met a British government representative to arrange
672-593: The region more closely to prevent French growth in the Indian Ocean and grow Oman's wealth and influence. Trade caravans began venturing further into the continent, connecting the coast and the interior together. In some areas, Islam became adopted by the native peoples, such as the Yao in the south of the country. Islam has continued to be a major religion within the area, with 36% of the Tanzanian population adhering to Islam. In
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#1733085836762704-417: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Tanganyika . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tanganyika&oldid=1223781673 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
736-417: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Tanganyika . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tanganyika&oldid=1223781673 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
768-526: The second half of the 19th century, European explorers and colonialists travelled through the African interior from Zanzibar . In 1885, the German Empire declared its intent to establish a protectorate in the area, named German East Africa (GEA), under the leadership of Carl Peters . When the Sultan of Zanzibar objected, German warships threatened to bombard his palace. Britain and Germany then agreed to divide
800-584: The steps to be taken on the road to independence. The British colony of Tanganyika gained independence on 9 December 1961, with Julius Nyerere becoming its first prime minister in 1960 under British rule, and then president when Tanganyika was declared a republic in 1962. The main leader of the independence movement was undoubtedly Nyerere, who led the party TANU, which was a socially diverse group which had shared demands for independence from Britain. TANU gained most of its political support through national issues. For example, TANU, discussed and promoted fears that
832-820: The territory was transferred to British control. "Tanganyika" was adopted by the British as the name for its part of the former German East Africa. In 1927, Tanganyika entered the Customs Union of the East Africa Protectorate and the Uganda Protectorate , which eventually became the independent countries of Kenya and Uganda, and the East African Postal Union, later the East African Posts and Telecommunications Administration . Cooperation expanded with those protectorates and, later, countries in
864-486: The territory" be selected. " Kilimanjaro ", analogous to "Kenya", named after the country's highest mountain, and " Tabora ", after the town and trading centre near the geographical centre of the country, were proposed and rejected. Then, the deputy undersecretary to the Colonial Secretary proposed "Tanganyika Protectorate" after Lake Tanganyika ; the name was modified after a "junior official suggested that 'Territory'
896-570: Was a huge issue for Tanganyika so soon after independence. These challenges only emphasised the insecurities of Tanganyika and its people. In addition, Nyerere's growing emphasis on modernisation and his African socialist ideology known as Ujamaa saw many rural farmers' livelihoods destroyed by encroaching agriculturalists. In 1964, after the Zanzibar Revolution which saw the Arab rule of Zanzibar overthrown, Tanganyika merged with Zanzibar to become
928-672: Was administered by the UK as a United Nations trust territory . Before World War I , Tanganyika formed part of the German colony of German East Africa . It was gradually occupied by forces from the British Empire and Belgian Congo during the East Africa Campaign , although German resistance continued until 1918. After this, the League of Nations formalised control of the area by the UK, who renamed it "Tanganyika". The UK held Tanganyika as
960-479: Was important to developing the colony as these resources were used for German consumers and industry. Sisal was especially valuable to rope production, and was one of German East Africa's largest exports. In 1893 there was only one sisal plantation in the country; by 1913 there were 54. In 1913, the country exported over 20,000 tons of sisal, 30% of total exports. To ensure that these resources could be moved easily, several railways were built. The most important of these
992-571: Was more in accordance with the [League of Nations mandate]" and that was adopted. The area that made up Tanganyika was commonly visited by Arabic traders who would come to the area to buy enslaved people and smuggle ivory. The island of Zanzibar was even taken as a part of the Sultanate of Oman ; when Seyyid Said came to power in 1806, Omani interests in Tanzania began to increase. During the early 19th century, with British support, Oman began developing in
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1024-520: Was the Mittellandbahn ( Central Line , which connected much of the country with the port city of Dar es Salaam. This railroad is still in use today and has since been connected to other railways across the country. After Germany's defeat during World War I , GEA was divided among the victorious powers under the Treaty of Versailles . Apart from Ruanda-Urundi (assigned to Belgium ) and the small Kionga Triangle (assigned to Portuguese Mozambique ),
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