Tajumulco is a municipality in the San Marcos department of Guatemala .
26-478: In 1690, Tejutla had a large area and included the modern municipalities of Comitancillo , Ixchiguán , Concepción Tutuapa , Sipacapa , Sibinal , Tajumulco, Tacaná and part of what is now San Miguel Ixtahuacán . According to the historical writings from Recordación Florida of Francisco Antonio de Fuentes y Guzmán , Tejutla belonged to Quetzaltenango Department and it was a "prosperous land with rich weathers and comfortable forest with enough water". Tejutla
52-589: A "prosperous land with rich weathers and comfortable forest with enough water". Tejutla was an important commercial and religious center; in August 1767, Joseph Domingo Hidalgo described Santiago Tejutla as "El Curato" -i.e., the focal center of commerce of all the towns that were around it− in the Gaceta de Guatemala , the official newspaper of the times. Then, in the last quarter of the 18th century, bishop Dr. Pedro Cortés y Larraz , who arrived from Cuilco in 1770 as part of
78-538: A distinct ethnic group, and the Ministry of Education of Guatemala uses the following definition: The ladino population has been characterized as a heterogeneous population which expresses itself in the Spanish language as a maternal language, which possesses specific cultural traits of Hispanic origin mixed with indigenous cultural elements, and dresses in a style commonly considered as western. The population censuses include
104-567: A mix of mestizo or Hispanicized peoples in Latin America , principally in Central America . The demonym Ladino is a Spanish word that is related to Latino . Ladino is an exonym initially used during the colonial era to refer to those Spanish-speakers who were not Peninsulares , Criollos or indigenous peoples. The Ladino population in Guatemala is officially recognized as
130-438: Is Spanish". Indigenist rhetoric sometimes uses ladino in the second sense, as a derogatory term for indigenous peoples who are seen as having betrayed their homes by becoming part of the middle class. Some may deny indigenous heritage to assimilate. "The 20th century K'iche Maya political activist, Rigoberta Menchú , born in 1959, used the term this way in her noted memoir, which many considered controversial. She illustrates
156-544: Is actually derived from the old Spanish ladino (inherited from the same Latin root Latinus that the Spanish word Latino was later borrowed from), originally referring to those who spoke Romance languages in medieval times, and later also developing the separate meaning of "crafty" or "astute". In the Central American colonial context, it was first used to refer to those Amerindians who came to speak only Spanish, and later included their mestizo descendants. Ladino
182-409: Is settled in a spectacular landscape, tourism is still very limited in this region. Every July, the city celebrates its town festival, dedicated to Santiago Apóstol, St. James . There is a cultural centre "casa de la cultura" in the city. Tejutla has temperate climate ( Köppen : Cwb ). Tejutla is surrounded by San Marcos Department municipalities: Ladino people The Ladino people are
208-413: Is sometimes used to refer to the mestizo middle class, or to the population of indigenous peoples who have attained some level of upward social mobility above the largely impoverished indigenous masses. This relates especially to achieving some material wealth and adopting a North American lifestyle. In many areas of Guatemala, it is used in a wider sense, meaning "any Guatemalan whose primary language
234-568: The Herrera-Mariscal treaty — were under the jurisdiction of the Mercedarian convent located in Tejutla. Furthermore, Tejutla even had House representatives of its own in those days. But power shifted when the conservatives led by Field Marshal Vicente Cerna were defeated by the liberal forces of generals Miguel Garcia Granados and Justo Rufino Barrios −who was a San Lorenzo native; once
260-405: The Herrera-Mariscal treaty — were under the jurisdiction of the Mercedarian convent located in Tejutla. Furthermore, Tejutla even had House representatives of its own in those days. But power shifted when the conservatives led by Field Marshal Vicente Cerna were defeated by the liberal forces of generals Miguel Garcia Granados and Justo Rufino Barrios −who was a San Lorenzo native; once
286-456: The House of Representatives of Guatemala to be named a Department capital. The department was going to have the municipalities mentioned above, along with the modern municipalities of Cuilco , Santa Bárbara and San Gaspar, Huehuetenango, from the modern Huehuetenango Department . Besides, in those days, Motocintla , Cacahuatán and Tapachula —which would go definitively to México in 1892 due to
SECTION 10
#1733093737507312-449: The South. In 1690, Tejutla had a large area and included the modern municipalities of Comitancillo , Ixchiguán , Concepción Tutuapa , Sipacapa , Sibinal , Tajumulco , Tacaná and part of what is now San Miguel Ixtahuacán . According to the historical writings from Recordación Florida of Francisco Antonio de Fuentes y Guzmán , Tejutla belonged to Quetzaltenango Department and it was
338-516: The area. This remote area was hit by the civil war in the early 1980s, when innocent citizens were terrorized by G-2 forces, the former secret police of Guatemala during the government of general Fernando Romeo Lucas García . In 2005, Tejutla suffered under the devastation of hurricane Stan . Tejutla is divided in one town and several villages (Spanish: "Aldeas"), settlements (Spanish: "Caseríos"), rural settlements (Spanish: "Cantones") and neighborhoods (Spanish: "Colonias"). Although Tejutla
364-475: The area. Tajumulco has temperate climate ( Köppen : Cwb ). Tajumulco is surrounded by San Marcos Department municipalities, except to the West, where it borders México . Tejutla, San Marcos Tejutla ( Spanish pronunciation: [teˈxutla] ) is a municipality in the western highlands of Guatemala , in the department of San Marcos . Tejutla was officially founded on 25 July 1672, although it
390-657: The hill of white sand", or from the Nahuatl language of Tlaxcala in Mexico , meaning "walled land" or "land of the dyers", or from the Chorti language in which it means "land of embers". The "Villa de Tejutla', town's official name, is an old settlement that already existed when the Spaniards arrived to the region in 1524; it was an important commercial town for the Mam people due to the weaving that
416-750: The inspection he was doing of the Guatemalan dioceses, called Tejutla "Santiago en la Cima del Monte" (English: Santiago at the top of the hill" and reported that there were "sixty four families who lived very well" in the area. In 1754 the Mercedarians gave away their convent to the secular clergy per the Borbonic reforms that were instituted by the King of Spain, and Tejutla became a secular "curato". The Central American United Provinces constitution from 11 October 1821, showed Tejutla under modern San Marcos jurisdiction for
442-482: The inspection he was doing of the Guatemalan dioceses, called Tejutla "Santiago en la Cima del Monte" (English: Santiago at the top of the hill" and reported that there were "sixty four families who lived very well" in the area. The Central American United Provinces constitution from 11 October 1821, showed Tejutla under modern San Marcos jurisdiction for the very first time. In 1870 Tejutla reached "Villa" category and, due to its development, its authorities requested to
468-457: The ladino population as one of the different ethnic groups in Guatemala. In popular use, the term ladino commonly refers to non- indigenous Guatemalans, as well as mestizos and westernized Amerindians . The word was popularly thought to be derived from a mix of Latino and ladrón , the Spanish word for "thief" , but is not necessarily or popularly considered a pejorative. The word
494-458: The liberals were in power, they expelled the regular clergy from Guatemala and abolished mandatory tithing for the secular clergy , leaving Tejutla without their main administrative and leadership support, the "curato". In fact, Barrios government confiscated monasteries, large extensions of farm land, sugar mills and Indian doctrines from the regular orders and then distributed it to his liberal friend and comrades, who became large landowners in
520-457: The liberals were in power, they expelled the regular clergy from Guatemala and abolished mandatory tithing for the secular clergy, thus leaving Tejutla without their main administrative and leadership support, the curato. In fact, Barrios government confiscated monasteries, large extensions of farm land, sugar mills and Indian doctrines from the regular orders and then distributed it to his liberal friend and comrades, who became large landowners in
546-443: The months of May through November can range anywhere from 18 to 30 degrees Celsius. The economy in Tejutla lives on agriculture, mainly apples and potatoes, although carrots, onions, cauliflower, broccoli, cabbage, beans, lettuce, tomatoes, and peaches are also grown locally within the municipality. The name Tejutla is of uncertain origin, being variously attributed to the local Mam language , derived from twui c'ukal meaning "upon
SECTION 20
#1733093737507572-419: The urban center (casco urbano). The municipio of Tejutla includes 67 communities, 20 of which are Aldeas and the rest are Caserios, Cantones and Colonias. The rivers Xolobaj and Del Molino flow through the town of Tejutla. The general climate in Tejutla during the winter, which runs from November through February, is about 10 degrees Celsius but temperatures can drop up to 5 degrees lower. Temperatures during
598-526: The very first time. In 1870 Tejutla reached "Villa" category and, due to its development, its authorities requested to the House of Representatives of Guatemala to be named a Department capital. The department was going to have the municipalities mentioned above, along with the modern municipalities of Cuilco , Santa Bárbara and San Gaspar, Huehuetenango, from the modern Huehuetenango Department . Besides, in those days, Motocintla, Cacahuatán and Tapachula—which would go definitively to México in 1892 due to
624-450: Was already an important town within the Mam kingdom in 1524, at the time of the Spanish conquest of Guatemala . It is situated high in the mountains, the so-called "cold zone", at about 2500 m altitude. Tejutla is primarily a Ladino municipality in that the majority of its inhabitants speak Spanish and are not indigenous. Tejutla has about 31,139 inhabitants, with about 6,000 living within
650-400: Was an important commercial and religious center; in August 1767, Joseph Domingo Hidalgo described Santiago Tejutla as "El Curato" -i.e., the focal center of commerce of all the towns that were around it− in the Gaceta de Guatemala , the official newspaper of the times. Then, in the last quarter of the 18th century, bishop Dr. Pedro Cortés y Larraz , who arrived from Cuilco in 1770 as part of
676-475: Was done there. However, its foundation as a colonial town was not official until 25 July 1627, when the encomenderos founded a Spanish town called "Santiato Tenango next to the Indian town. each town had its own authorities and their own business leaders. Eventually, both towns merged and decided to call the resulting settlement "Santiago Tejutla" to remember the old names; Tenango was on the north side, and Tejutla on
#506493