Lai Ching-te ( DPP )
79-1195: Lai Ching-te ( DPP ) Hsiao Bi-khim ( DPP ) Cho Jung-tai ( DPP ) 11th Legislative Yuan Han Kuo-yu ( KMT ) Shieh Ming-yan acting Vacant Vacant Vacant Control Yuan Chen Chu Lee Hung-chun Local government Central Election Commission Kuomintang Democratic Progressive Party Taiwan People's Party Others New Power Party Taiwan Statebuilding Party People First Party Taiwan Solidarity Union New Party Non-Partisan Solidarity Union Newspapers United Daily News Liberty Times China Times Taipei Times Propaganda Censorship Film censorship Lin Chia-lung Cross-Strait relations Special state-to-state relations One Country on Each Side 1992 Consensus Taiwan consensus Chinese Taipei Australia–Taiwan relations Canada–Taiwan relations France–Taiwan relations Russia–Taiwan relations Taiwan–United Kingdom relations Taiwan–United States relations Republic of China (1912–1949) Chinese Civil War One-China policy China and
158-552: A contentious issue after the 2000 Presidential election , which led to the election of the Democratic Progressive Party's Chen Shui-bian to the presidency, while the legislature remained under a Kuomintang-led-Pan-Blue majority. Initially, President Chen Shui-bian appointed Tang Fei , a member of the Kuomintang, to the premiership; however, this arrangement proved unworkable, and Chen's subsequent appointments were from
237-486: A formal complaint against the Premier for sedition . In October 2017, it was reported that Lai had garnered the approval of 68.8 percent of respondents in a survey, while 23 percent expressed dissatisfaction. However, critics say that his popularity may not last, due to his rapid reversal of his position on the issue of Taiwanese independence. However, on 20 October, in response to General Secretary Xi Jinping 's comments on
316-573: A legislator, and was selected as Taiwan's "Best Legislator" four times in a row by Taipei -based NGO Citizen Congress Watch. With the 2010 reorganization of the municipalities in Taiwan, Tainan City and Tainan County were amalgamated into a single municipality, called Tainan . After successfully being selected in the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) primaries in January 2010, Lai stood as
395-478: A national body was the 1996 National Assembly , with Lai winning a seat representing Tainan City. Lai then joined the New Tide faction and stood as a candidate in the 1998 Legislative Yuan election , representing the Democratic Progressive Party in the second ward of Tainan City. He was successful in this election, and subsequently was reelected three times in 2001 , 2004 , and 2008 . In total he served 11 years as
474-402: A separate constitutional court was established to resolve constitutional disputes, regulate the activities of political parties and accelerate the democratization process. There is no trial by jury but the right to a fair and public trial is protected by law and respected in practice; many cases are presided over by multiple judges. Capital punishment is legal. Efforts have been made by
553-776: Is based on the old Imperial examination system used in Imperial China. Based on the traditional Chinese censorate , the Control Yuan is an investigatory agency that monitors the other branches of government. It may be compared to the Court of Auditors of the European Union, the Government Accountability Office of the United States, a political ombudsman , or a standing commission for administrative inquiry. Before
632-486: Is currently serving as the 8th president of the Republic of China ( Taiwan ) since May 2024. He is the third member of the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) to assume the office of president and the first whose predecessor was also a DPP member. He is also the third incumbent vice president to succeed to the presidency and the first to assume the office through election instead of immediate succession. He has also served as
711-771: Is the ROC's highest judiciary . The President and Vice-President of the Judicial Yuan and fifteen Justices form the Council of Grand Justices . They are nominated and appointed by the President of the Republic, with the consent of the Legislative Yuan. The highest court, the Supreme Court , consists of a number of civil and criminal divisions, each of which is formed by a presiding Judge and four Associate Judges, all appointed for life. In 1993,
790-512: The Central Election Commission along with his running mate, Hsiao Bi-khim . Lai claimed victory on 13 January 2024, marking the first time that a political party had won three consecutive presidential terms since direct elections were first held in 1996 . On 13 January 2024, Lai was elected president of the Republic of China with approximately 40% of the vote, and was inaugurated on 20 May 2024. Under Lai, Taiwan continued
869-608: The Democratic Progressive Party , leading minority governments. However, the Pan-Blue Coalition of the Kuomintang and its coalition partners contended that Chen's actions were unconstitutional, and proposed to name its own choice of premier. When Chen's successor Ma Ying-jeou and his KMT party lost a majority in the legislature, Ma had offered for the DPP to nominate a premier, though the DPP refused to do so; thus presidents subsequently appointed premiers largely from their own parties and
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#1733084855126948-621: The Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945). The Tutelage Constitution of 1931 was replaced by the Constitution of the Republic of China in 1947. The first Chinese national government was established on 1 January 1912, in Nanjing, with Sun Yat-sen as the provisional president. Provincial delegates were sent to confirm the authority of the national government, and they later also formed the first parliament. The power of this national government
1027-674: The United States . Stretched and exhausted due to the long war with the Japanese, the Kuomintang-led government faced a disciplined and ever growing communist Red Army, which numbers grew in strength and was renamed as the People's Liberation Army (PLA) in 1946. Although government forces were numerically superior and were equipped with modern weapons, they eventually lost due to low morale, defections, poor discipline as well as popular discontent with
1106-577: The chair of the DPP since 2023. Born to a working-class family in Taipei County , Lai studied medicine at National Taiwan University and National Cheng Kung University before earning a master's degree from Harvard University in 2003. After serving as the president of the National Physician Support Association, Lai ran in the 1996 Legislative Yuan election , winning a seat representing Tainan City . After being re-elected to
1185-428: The legislators , responding to the interpellations of legislators (much like Question Time in some parliamentary systems), and, with the approval of the president, asking the legislators to reconsider its resolutions. Laws and decrees promulgated by the president must also be countersigned by the premier. In the event of vacancies in both the presidency and the vice presidency, the premier serves as acting president of
1264-472: The 1947 constitution was Weng Wenhao ; and the first president to take office after the government relocated to Taiwan was Chen Cheng . During Japanese colonial rule over Taiwan , executive power was vested in the governor-general of Taiwan ; the post was formed on 10 May 1895 as the governors-general were members of the Diet, civilian officials, Japanese nobles or generals. They exercised their power on behalf of
1343-612: The 1990s, it was the upper chamber of the tricameral parliament. The Government of the Republic of China was formally established in 1912 in Nanjing , with Sun Yat-sen as President of the Provisional Government of the Republic of China under the Provisional Constitution of the Republic of China . This government moved to Beijing in the same year with Yuan Shikai as president, and continued under his successors as
1422-636: The 2005 amendments of the Additional Articles of the Constitution, the Legislative Yuan has been the de facto unicameral parliamentary body of the country. Originally established in 1912 in Nanjing , the Government of the Republic of China relocated several times before finally moving to Taipei , Taiwan , in 1949 because of its military losses in the Chinese Civil War . Up until the 1990s,
1501-442: The 2020 election. In November 2019, Lai accepted president Tsai Ing-wen's offer to become her running mate for the 2020 presidential election . Tsai secured over 57% of the ballot, winning a record 8.17 million votes in the election and began her second term in 2020. During his vice presidency, Lai served as president Tsai Ing-wen's special envoy to Honduras for president Xiomara Castro 's inauguration in January 2022. After
1580-532: The Council of Grand Justices mandated the retirement, effective December 1991, of all remaining "indefinitely" elected members of the National Assembly, Legislative Yuan, and other bodies. In 2005, the National Assembly permanently abolished itself by ratifying a constitution amendment passed by the Legislative Yuan. Amending the ROC constitution now requires the approval of three-fourths of the quorum of members of
1659-429: The DPP candidate for the mayoral election on 27 November 2010, gaining 60.41% to defeat Kuomintang candidate Kuo Tien-tsai. He took office on 25 December 2010. As a result of his strong showing in the mayoral election coupled with his relative youth and his control of the DPP heartland city of Tainan, Lai was considered to be a potential candidate for a presidential run in 2016. In 2013 an opinion poll ranked Lai as
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#17330848551261738-514: The DPP stronghold that she rode a black horse through the streets of Tainan as an election stunt; a hopeful allusion to her status as a "dark horse". Lai, on the other hand, did not plan many campaign activities, choosing to focus on mayoral duties. He eventually won the election by 45 percentage points, the largest margin of victory in any of the municipal races in the election. Lai stepped down as Mayor in September 2017, after being appointed to
1817-509: The Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation of National Taiwan University in Taipei, receiving a Bachelor of Science (BS) in physical medicine and rehabilitation. He then went to Tainan to enter National Cheng Kung University , where he completed its Post-Baccalaureate Medicine Program in 1991 and earned a Doctor of Medicine (MD). After graduating from medical school, Lai went to
1896-521: The Legislative Yuan four consecutive times, Lai ran for Mayor of Tainan in 2010 . Lai won and served as mayor for seven years, winning reelection in 2014 . In September 2017, President Tsai Ing-wen announced Lai would replace outgoing premier Lin Chuan . On 24 November 2018, Lai announced his intention to resign from the premiership after the Democratic Progressive Party suffered a major defeat in local elections , and left office on 14 January 2019 after
1975-495: The Legislative Yuan. This quorum requires at least three-fourths of all members of the Legislature. After passing by the legislature, the amendment needs ratification in a referendum from at least fifty percent of all eligible voters of the ROC regardless of voter turnout. Lai Ching-te Lai Ching-te ( Chinese : 賴清德 ; born 6 October 1959), also known as William Lai , is a Taiwanese politician and former physician who
2054-479: The Premiership. He was succeeded in acting capacity by Lee Meng-yen . In September 2017, Premier Lin Chuan tendered his resignation to President Tsai Ing-wen , which was reluctantly accepted. A recent poll showed Lin's approval rating to be a mere 28.7%, with 6 in 10 respondents dissatisfied with the performance of his cabinet. On 5 September, President Tsai announced at a press conference that Lai would become
2133-608: The ROC government due to skyrocketing inflation, corruption and administrative incompetence. The constitution was also superseded by the Temporary Provisions Effective During the Period of Communist Rebellion , which were a series of temporary constitutional provisions mainly to increase the powers of the president and suspended the two-term limit. The temporary provisions were passed by the National Assembly on 10 May 1948. Under intense pressure to take responsibility for
2212-580: The ROC government's retreat to Taiwan in 1949. The sovereignty of Taiwan and Penghu was renounced by Japan in 1952. The premier presides over the Executive Yuan Council , which makes up the official cabinet. The vice premier, ministers, and chairpersons of the Executive Yuan Council are appointed by the president on the recommendation of the premier. The premier's official duties also include presenting administrative policies and reports to
2291-491: The ROC government, under the current constitutional amendments , is run by a de facto semi-presidential system , consists of the presidency and five branches (Yuan): the Executive Yuan , Legislative Yuan , Judicial Yuan , Examination Yuan , and Control Yuan . The president is the head of state , with the premier as the head of government , currently ruled by the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) since 2016. Since
2370-634: The Republic of China was adopted by the National Assembly on 25 December 1946 and went into force a year later. The constitution was seen as the third and final step in Sun Yat-sen's "Three Stages of Revolution" - constitutional government. From then on, the government was known simply as the Government of the Republic of China ( traditional Chinese : 中華民國政府 ; simplified Chinese : 中华民国政府 ; pinyin : Zhōnghuá Mínguó Zhèngfǔ ). Chiang Kai-shek
2449-536: The Republic of China ." Lai advocates strengthening Taiwan's relations with the United States and other liberal democracies . Lai considers both titles of "Taiwan" or "Republic of China" that can be used equitably and interchangeably in respect of the country name. Lai married Wu Mei-ju in 1986. Wu worked for Taipower , and was based in Tainan until Lai was elected mayor of the city, and she transferred to Kaohsiung. The couple raised two sons. Lai′s first grandson
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2528-563: The Republic of China. We don't need a separate declaration of independence". Lai has appeared to have moderated his position on Taiwanese independence particularly when he proposed the idea of "being close to China while loving Taiwan" in June 2017. He also expressed no desire to run against Tsai Ing-wen in the 2020 presidential election. On 28 September, the New Party called on the KMT to join it in filing
2607-473: The United Nations Chinese unification Taiwan independence movement Taiwanese nationalism Tangwai movement The Government of the Republic of China , is the national authority whose actual-controlled territory consists of main island of Taiwan (Formosa) , Penghu , Kinmen , Matsu , and other island groups , collectively known as Taiwan Area or Free Area . A unitary state ,
2686-510: The United Nations Chinese unification Taiwan independence movement Taiwanese nationalism Tangwai movement The Premier of the Republic of China , officially the President of the Executive Yuan ( Chinese : 行政院院長 ), is the head of government of Taiwan and leader of the Executive Yuan . The premier is nominally the principal advisor to the president and positioned as
2765-542: The United States to study at the Harvard School of Public Health for a Master of Public Health , followed by an internship at National Cheng Kung University Hospital . He became an expert on spinal cord damage and served as a national consultant for such injuries. After serving as part of the support team for Chen Ding-nan 's unsuccessful electoral bid for Governor of Taiwan Province in 1994, Lai decided to enter politics himself. The next opportunity for election to
2844-426: The assassination of former Japanese prime minister Shinzo Abe , he made a private trip to Tokyo to pay his respects and became Taiwan's most senior official to visit Japan in five decades. In November 2022, Lai led representatives of Taiwan's travel agencies and industry associations to Palau to foster collaborations between the two countries. In November 2022, president Tsai Ing-wen resigned as leader of DPP after
2923-410: The constitution and formerly to elect the president and vice president, could be considered a parliament. However, after constitutional amendments effectively transferring almost all of the National Assembly's powers to the Legislative Yuan in the late 1990s, it has become more common for newspapers in Taiwan to refer to the Legislative Yuan as the nation's "parliament" (國會, guóhuì ). The Judicial Yuan
3002-564: The country and established the capital in Nanjing. This government gained diplomatic recognition but did not control all the territory of the Qing dynasty . The essentially one-party rule functioned under Sun's Three Principles of the People , which provided for a transitional period of "tutelage", but drew more political parties, including the Chinese Communist Party into a United Front during
3081-460: The country's next head of the Executive Yuan. Lai took office on 8 September as the 49th Premier of Taiwan. Following Lai's appointment as premier, Tsai's approval ratings reached 46%, rebounding by more than 16 points since August. Lai made his first appearance as premier at the Legislative Yuan on 26 September, where he stated "I am a political worker who advocates Taiwan independence" but that "We are already an independent sovereign nation called
3160-549: The duties of choosing the president, to amend the constitution, and to exercise the sovereignty of the citizens, but in fact, the Assembly's role in Taipei seemed to reconfirm the executive powers of President Chiang Kai-shek. The National Assembly was re-established on Taiwan when the government moved. Because it was impossible to hold subsequent elections to represent constituencies in mainland China, representatives elected in 1947-48 held these seats "indefinitely." In June 1990, however,
3239-504: The five administrative branches ( Yuan ): the Control , Examination , Executive , Judicial , and Legislative Yuans . The president appoints the members of the Executive Yuan as the cabinet , including a premier , who is officially the president of the Executive Yuan; members are responsible for policy and administration. Originally, the National Assembly of the Republic of China was elected in mainland China in 1947 to officially carry out
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3318-555: The government has historically been dominated by the Kuomintang (KMT) under the one-party state Dang Guo authoritarian regime, before evolving into a multi-party democracy after martial law and the climate of White Terror gradually ended. This government was the internationally recognized official government of China until 1971 by the United Nations and until 1979 by the United States . The government formally consists of
3397-531: The government to reduce the number of executions, although they have not been able to completely abolish the punishment. As of 2006, about 80% of Taiwanese want to keep the death penalty. The Examination Yuan is in charge of validating the qualification of civil servants in the Republic of China. As a special branch of government under the Three Principles of the People . The concept of the Examination Yuan
3476-413: The government would lean towards a presidential system or parliamentary system when divided. Power shifted to Premier Chiang Ching-kuo after President Chiang Kai-shek 's death but shifted to the presidency again when Chiang Ching-kuo became president. After President Lee Teng-hui succeeded Chiang as president in 1988, the power struggle within the Kuomintang extended to the constitutional debate over
3555-614: The government's bleak outlook during the course of the civil war, Chiang resigned as president on 21 January 1949. The presidency was passed on to Vice-President Li Zongren, who was however unable to govern effectively due to Chiang pulling the strings behind government as Director-General of the Kuomintang. With the fall of Nanjing to the PLA in April 1949, the ROC government moved south to Guangzhou , and then to its wartime capital of Chongqing, and finally to Chengdu . Sensing that he would eventually lose
3634-475: The head of central government, appointed by the president without approval by the Legislative Yuan . The current president of the Executive Yuan is Cho Jung-tai , who took office on 20 May 2024. The predecessor of the president of the Executive Yuan was the prime minister of the Republic of China, and the first president of the Executive Yuan was Tan Yankai ; the first president after the promulgation of
3713-582: The internationally recognized government of China until 1928. In the Republican period , there were a series of governments, sometimes in rivalry with each other. The Nationalist government , led by the Kuomintang (KMT) , was originally formed as a rival military government under Sun Yat-sen in Guangzhou in 1917. After Sun's death in 1925, Chiang Kai-shek led the Northern Expedition (1926–1928) to unify
3792-453: The lack of a strong veto and no direct control of most administrative policy. The leadership of the country consists of the two top officials that is directly and jointly elected by citizens of the Republic of China residing in the Taiwan Area . Under the president, two advisory and administrative agencies are established to support the work of the president. The Executive Yuan is led by
3871-491: The mainland for Taiwan. Chiang then declared Taipei as the provisional capital of the Republic of China on 7 December 1949, and left Chengdu for Taipei by air three days later when the city fell to the communists. Based on the Constitution of the Republic of China , the head of state is the president , who is elected by popular vote for a four-year term on the same ticket as the vice-president. The president has authority over
3950-423: The mainland to the communists, Chiang secretly started preparations to move the government to the island of Taiwan, which was placed under the ROC's control on 25 October 1945. Taiwan was seen as a safe haven for Chiang due to it being separated from the mainland by the 180 km or 110 mi-wide Taiwan Strait . During that period, more than two million civilians, military personnel and government officials left
4029-433: The most popular of the 22 city and county heads in Taiwan, with an approval rating of 87%. Lai made on 5 June 2014 a visit to the city of Shanghai to assist an exhibition of art by the late Taiwanese painter Tan Ting-pho and met politicians of the Chinese Communist Party . Lai stood for reelection on 29 November 2014 against Huang Hsiu-shuang of the Kuomintang. His opponent was considered to have such an uphill task in
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#17330848551264108-568: The one China policy and the 1992 consensus at the 19th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party , Lai said that the Taiwanese government, following the directives of Tsai Ing-wen, would fulfill its promise of not changing the status quo between the two neighbors and not ceding before pressure from Beijing, which comes in the form of military intimidation and an international blockade. In November 2018, Lai tendered his resignation to
4187-524: The ongoing civil war with the communists . With the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War, the invading Imperial Japanese Army managed to capture Nanjing on 13 December 1937. The Japanese then proceeded to sack the city, and massacred hundreds of thousands of Chinese civilians. With the fall of Nanjing, the government was forced to move first to Wuhan , until the city fell on 27 October 1938. It retreated further inland to Chongqing , which
4266-403: The parliament who gave up their membership in the KMT were offered 1,000 British pounds . Yuan maintained power locally by sending military generals to be provincial governors or by obtaining the allegiance of those already in power. When Yuan died, the parliament of 1913 was reconvened to give legitimacy to a new government. However, the real power of the time passed to military leaders, forming
4345-492: The party's heavy losses in local elections . Lai officially registered as a candidate for the DPP chair election in December. Since Lai was the only candidate running, he became the new chairman of the DPP in 2023. In March 2023, Lai registered as the only person to run in the DPP's 2024 presidential primary and was officially nominated by the ruling party in April. On 21 November 2023, Lai formally registered his campaign at
4424-475: The power of the premier to approve the president's appointments and the power of the Legislative Council to confirm the president's choice of premier was removed (out of fears that the Democratic Progressive Party would one day gain control of the legislature), clearly establishing the president as the more powerful position of the two. The relationship between the premier and the legislature again became
4503-440: The premier. However, the ROC's political system does not fit traditional models. The premier is selected by the president without the need for approval from the Legislature, but the Legislature can pass laws without regard for the president, as neither the president nor the premier wields veto power. Thus, there is little incentive for the president and the legislature to negotiate on legislation if they are of opposing parties. During
4582-435: The presidency and five branches of government, modeled on Sun Yat-sen's political philosophy of Three Principles of the People . In practice, the system resembles a semi-presidential system with a uniquely strong presidency, as the president may appoint the premier , the head of government , without the consent of the legislature. The president, however, shares limitations found in other semi-presidential systems, including
4661-406: The president has enough legitimacy and executive authority to govern in the face of a legislature controlled by the opposition, and would likely respond to a vote of no-confidence by nominating another person with similar views. The Constitution of the Republic of China did not originally define strictly the relation between the premier and the president of the Republic and it was not clear whether
4740-449: The president, after the ruling DPP was trounced in local elections. Lai agreed to remain in office to help stabilize the government until the general budget was cleared by the Legislative Yuan in January 2019. Lai's cabinet resigned on 11 January 2019 and Su Tseng-chang was appointed as new premier. On 18 March 2019, Lai Ching-te registered to run in the Democratic Progressive Party presidential primary, saying that he could shoulder
4819-504: The previous administration's New Southbound Policy , signing an investment pact with Thailand in June 2024. Thailand became the fifth trading partner to sign an investment agreement with Taiwan since the announcement of the policy in 2016. Ching-te reaffirmed the island's commitment to resisting Chinese annexation, emphasizing its sovereignty during National Day celebrations. He also expressed hopes for dialogue with Beijing, despite ongoing military pressure and tensions. Previously, Lai
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#17330848551264898-409: The proportion of nationwide votes received by participating political parties, and six seats are reserved to represent aboriginal groups. Members serve four-year terms. Although sometimes referred to as a " parliament ", the Legislative Yuan, under Sun's political theory, is a branch of government, while only the National Assembly of the Republic of China , which is now abolished, with the power to amend
4977-464: The relationship between the president and the premier. The first three premiers under Lee, Yu Kuo-hwa , Lee Huan and Hau Pei-tsun , were mainlanders who had initially opposed Lee's ascension to power. The appointment of Lee and Hau were compromises by President Lee to placate the conservative mainlander faction in the party. The subsequent appointment of premier Lien Chan was taken as a sign of Lee's consolidation of power. Moreover, during this time,
5056-445: The republic for up to three months. One-third of the legislators may initiate a no-confidence vote against the premier. If approved with simple majority, the premier must resign from office within ten days and at the same time may request that the president dissolve the Legislative Yuan. If the motion fails, another no-confidence motion against the same premier cannot be initiated for one year. This power has never been used. In practice,
5135-418: The responsibility of leading Taiwan in defending itself from being annexed by China. This is the first time in Taiwanese history where a serious primary challenge has been mounted against a sitting president. The results of the DPP's primary poll released on 13 June shown that Tsai defeated Lai by winning 35.67 percent of the vote over Lai's 27.48 percent, officially becoming the DPP's presidential candidate for
5214-609: The sovereign of Taiwan (the emperor of Japan ) until the dissolution of the empire. Taiwan's head of government was then represented by the administration of the Republic of China under T. V. Soong of the Executive Yuan , after the handover in 1945, in which the post was originally founded in 1928 in Mainland China . Weng Wenhao became the first premier in the 1947 Constitution of the Republic of China in both Mainland China and Taiwan, but Yan Xishan also served as premier during
5293-526: The successful Northern Expedition led by the Kuomintang (KMT) and its leader Chiang Kai-shek , the KMT managed to unify China nominally and established the National Government of the Republic of China (also known as the Nationalist Government ; traditional Chinese : 國民政府 ; simplified Chinese : 国民政府 ; pinyin : Guómín Zhèngfǔ ) with its capital in Nanjing, whose authority
5372-446: The swearing-in of his successor Su Tseng-chang . Lai mounted an unsuccessful challenge against Tsai in the 2019 Democratic Progressive Party presidential primary , then served as Tsai's running mate in the 2020 Taiwan presidential election . In April 2023, Lai was nominated by the DPP as their presidential candidate for the 2024 presidential election and was elected with 40.05% of votes. He took office as President on 20 May 2024. Lai
5451-399: The tenure of the pan-Green's Chen Shui-bian the continued control of the Legislative Yuan by the pan-Blue majority caused legislation to repeatedly stall, as the two sides were deadlocked. There is another curiosity of the ROC system; because the ROC was previously dominated by strongman one-party politics, real power in the system shifted from one position to another, depending on what position
5530-432: The warlord period. The impotent government still had its uses; when World War I began, several Western powers and Japan wanted China to declare war on Germany , in order to liquidate German holdings. Nevertheless, it was widely seen as weak and unstable. There were also several warlord governments and puppet states sharing the same name. See also: Wang Jingwei Government , Warlord era , Chinese Soviet Republic . After
5609-454: Was a provisional government led by the KMT to educate people about their political and civil rights, and the third stage was constitutional government. The KMT considered themselves to be at the second stage in 1928. Although the Nanjing decade was far more stable and progressive as compared to the Warlord period which preceded it, it was still marred with widespread violence, official corruption and
5688-507: Was also elected as the 1st President of the Republic of China under the constitution by the National Assembly in 1948 , with Li Zongren being elected as vice-president. Chiang and Li inaugurated at the Presidential Palace in Nanjing on 20 May 1948, formally marking the transition from political tutelage to constitutional government. However, in 1946, the civil war with the communists led by Mao Zedong resumed despite mediation by
5767-1190: Was born in the United States in 2020. Premier of the Republic of China Hsiao Bi-khim ( DPP ) Cho Jung-tai ( DPP ) 11th Legislative Yuan Han Kuo-yu ( KMT ) Shieh Ming-yan acting Vacant Vacant Vacant Control Yuan Chen Chu Lee Hung-chun Local government Central Election Commission Kuomintang Democratic Progressive Party Taiwan People's Party Others New Power Party Taiwan Statebuilding Party People First Party Taiwan Solidarity Union New Party Non-Partisan Solidarity Union Newspapers United Daily News Liberty Times China Times Taipei Times Propaganda Censorship Film censorship Lin Chia-lung Cross-Strait relations Special state-to-state relations One Country on Each Side 1992 Consensus Taiwan consensus Chinese Taipei Australia–Taiwan relations Canada–Taiwan relations France–Taiwan relations Russia–Taiwan relations Taiwan–United Kingdom relations Taiwan–United States relations Republic of China (1912–1949) Chinese Civil War One-China policy China and
5846-467: Was born into a working-class coal mining family in Wanli , a rural coastal town in northern Taipei County (now New Taipei City) on 6 October 1959. Lai's father died on 8 January 1960 of carbon monoxide poisoning while laboring in the coal mines of Wanli. His widowed mother raised him and his five siblings as a single parent . Lai underwent attended Taipei Municipal Chien Kuo High School and studied at
5925-427: Was currently occupied by the leader of the state (Chiang Kai-shek and later his son, Chiang Ching-kuo ). This legacy has resulted in executive powers currently being concentrated in the office of the president rather than the premier. The main legislative body is the unicameral Legislative Yuan with one hundred and thirteen seats. Seventy-three are elected in single member districts; thirty-four are elected based on
6004-523: Was limited and short-lived, with generals controlling both central and northern provinces of China . The limited acts passed by this government included the formal abdication of the Qing dynasty and some economic initiatives. The parliament's authority became nominal; violations of the Constitution by Yuan Shikai , who became president in March 1912, were met with half-hearted motions of censure, and Kuomintang members of
6083-535: Was maintained till the full-scale outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937. Known as the Nanjing Decade , the government ruled as a one-party state , as laid out by Sun Yat-sen's "Three Stages of Revolution" and his policy of Dang Guo ( literally: party-state ). The first stage was military unification, which was carried out with the Northern Expedition. The second was "political tutelage" which
6162-487: Was the wartime capital until 1945. Although Chongqing was located in the inland western province of Sichuan , it was nevertheless heavily bombed by Japanese warplanes many times during the course of the war. With the end of the war, the National Government moved back to Nanjing. The Kuomintang then proceeded with the drafting of a new constitution for China, which were boycotted by the communists. The Constitution of
6241-415: Was viewed as a "deep green" member of the DPP, advocating for Taiwanese independence . As the mayor of Tainan, Lai called himself a "pragmatic worker for Taiwanese independence" and argued it was possible to "love Taiwan while having an affinity to China". He has since moderated his position, saying that there was no need to declare independence as " Taiwan is already a sovereign, independent country called
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