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24-462: Through this agreement certain rights relating to lands, resources and self-government were defined including Tłı̨chǫ Government ownership of "39,000 km of land located between Lake Tıdeè and the Great Bear Lake including surface and subsurface rights , the ability to define its membership known as Tłı̨chǫ citizens, jurisdiction over lands and resources across Tłı̨chǫ Ndé and establishment of

48-419: A Soviet Radar Ocean Reconnaissance Satellite , named Kosmos 954 , built with an onboard nuclear reactor fell from orbit and disintegrated. Pieces of the nuclear core fell in the vicinity of Great Slave Lake. Some of the nuclear debris was recovered by a joint Canadian Armed Forces and United States Armed Forces military operation called Operation Morning Light. In the late 2010s, many placenames within

72-593: A maximum recorded depth in Christie Bay of 614 m (2,014 ft). On some of the plains surrounding Great Slave Lake, climax polygonal bogs have formed, the early successional stage to which often consists of pioneer black spruce . South of Great Slave Lake, in a remote corner of Wood Buffalo National Park , is the Whooping Crane Summer Range , a nesting site of a remnant flock of whooping cranes , discovered in 1954. The Slave River provides

96-406: A mean depth of 32.2 m (106 ft). To the east, McLeod Bay ( 62°52′N 110°10′W  /  62.867°N 110.167°W  / 62.867; -110.167  ( McLeod Bay, Great Slave Lake ) ) and Christie Bay ( 62°32′N 111°00′W  /  62.533°N 111.000°W  / 62.533; -111.000  ( Christie Bay, Great Slave Lake ) ) are much deeper, with

120-673: Is an institution of public government, responsible for managing wildlife and wildlife habitat (forests, plants and protected areas) in the Wekʼèezhìi area. Based on the 2012 Species at Risk Committee's (SARC) report, the NWT Conference of Management Authorities (CMA) in October 2013 added boreal woodland caribou to the Northwest Territories List of Species at Risk as a threatened species. Great Slave Lake Great Slave Lake

144-539: Is impacting the populations of these species. Copepoda are also prevalent in the lake. Rivers that flow into Great Slave Lake include (going clockwise from the community of Behchokǫ̀ ): Great Slave Lake has one ice road known as the Dettah ice road. It is a 6.5 km (4.0 mi) road that connects the Northwest Territories capital of Yellowknife to Dettah , a small First Nations fishing community also in

168-686: Is the second-largest lake in the Northwest Territories of Canada (after Great Bear Lake ), the deepest lake in North America at 614 m (2,014 ft), and the tenth-largest lake in the world by area. It is 469 km (291 mi) long and 20 to 203 km (12 to 126 mi) wide. It covers an area of 27,200 km (10,500 sq mi) in the southern part of the territory. Its given volume ranges from 1,070 km (260 cu mi) to 1,580 km (380 cu mi) and up to 2,088 km (501 cu mi) making it

192-656: The 10th or 12th largest by volume. The lake shares its name with the First Nations peoples of the Dene family called Slavey by their enemies the Cree . Towns situated on the lake include (clockwise from east) Łutselk'e , Fort Resolution , Hay River , Hay River Reserve , Behchokǫ̀ , Yellowknife , Ndilǫ , and Dettah . The only community in the East Arm is Łutselk'e, a hamlet of about 350 people, largely Chipewyan Indigenous peoples of

216-776: The Great Plains area of North America during the Paleo-Indian or Archaic period . The Plano cultures are characterised by a range of unfluted projectile point tools collectively called Plano points and like the Folsom people generally hunted Bison antiquus , but made even greater use of techniques to force stampedes off of a cliff or into a constructed corral. Their diets also included pronghorn , elk , deer , raccoon , and coyote . To better manage their food supply, they preserved meat in berries and animal fat and stored it in containers made of hides. The Plano cultures existed in

240-529: The Northern Plano tradition (8,000 years before present), Shield Archaic tradition (6,500 years), Arctic small tool tradition (3,500 years), and the Taltheilei Shale tradition (2,500 years before present). Each culture has left a distinct mark in the archaeological record based on type or size of lithic tools. Great Slave Lake was put on European maps during the emergence of the fur trade towards

264-468: The Peace River Valley of Alberta and adjacent British Columbia. At this time, most of Manitoba was still covered by Glacial Lake Agassiz and associated glacial ice." Bison herds were attracted to the grasslands and parklands in the western region. Around 9,000 B.P. as retreating glaciers created newly released lake regions, the expansion of plant and animal communities expanded north and east, and

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288-454: The Dene Nation, and the abandoned winter camp and Hudson's Bay Company post Fort Reliance . Along the south shore, east of Hay River is the abandoned Pine Point Mine and the company town of Pine Point . Indigenous peoples were the first settlers around the lake after the retreat of glacial ice. Archaeological evidence has revealed several different periods of cultural history, including

312-412: The East Arm into McLeod Bay in the north and Christie Bay in the south. The lake is at least partially frozen during an average of eight months of the year. The main western portion of the lake forms a moderately deep bowl with a surface area of 18,500 km (7,100 sq mi) and a volume of 596 km (143 cu mi). This main portion has a maximum depth of 187.7 m (616 ft) and

336-955: The Government of the NWT, the Wildlife Management Advisory Council (NWT), the Gwich'in Renewable Resources Board, the Sahtu Renewable Resources Board, and the Wekʼèezhìi Renewable Resources Board. The Tłı̨chǫ Government appoints fifty percent of the Wekʼèezhìi Renewable Resource Board, a co-management board. The other fifty percent are appointed by the Government of Canada and the Government of Northwest Territory. The WRRB

360-711: The North American Arctic during the Paleo-Indian or Archaic period between 9000 BCE and 6000 BCE . The Plano cultures originated in the plains, but extended far beyond, from the Atlantic coast to modern-day British Columbia and as far north as the Northwest Territories. "Early Plano culture occurs south of the North Saskatchewan River in Saskatchewan and in the foothills of the Rocky Mountains north to

384-457: The Northwest Territories were restored to their indigenous names. It has been suggested that the lake be renamed as well, particularly because of the mention of slavery. "Great Slave Lake is actually a very terrible name, unless you're a proponent of slavery," says Dëneze Nakehk'o, a Northwest Territories educator and founding member of First Nations organization Dene Nahjo. "It's a beautiful place. It's majestic; it's huge. And I don't really think

408-519: The Northwest Territories. To reach the community in summer the drive is 27 km (17 mi) via the Ingraham Trail . From 2014 to 2016, Animal Planet aired a documentary series called Ice Lake Rebels . It takes place on Great Slave Lake, and details the lives of houseboaters on the lake. Northern Plano tradition The Plano cultures is a name given by archaeologists to a group of disparate hunter-gatherer communities that occupied

432-744: The Tłı̨chǫ Agreement, is an area larger than the land owned by the Tłı̨chǫ. Wekʼèezhìi "shares boundaries with the Sahtu Settlement Area and Nunavut , and includes the four Tłı̨chǫ member communities of Gamèti , Wekweètì , Whatì and Behchokǫ̀ ." The area includes the Ekati and Diavik Diamond Mines . The Tłı̨chǫ Government is one of the Management Authorities of the NWT Conference of Management Authorities (CMA) for boreal caribou , along with

456-609: The Wekʼèezhìı Land and Water Board and the Wekʼèezhìı Renewable Resources Board and a share of mineral royalties from the Mackenzie Valley ." The word Tlı̨chǫ [tɬʰĩtʃʰõ] means 'dog rib'. The traditional area of the Tłı̨chǫ described by Chief Monfwi during the signing of Treaty 11 in 1921, was called Monfwı̀ Gogha Dè Nı̨htł'è [mõfwì goɣa dè nĩhtɬ'è] . Wekʼèezhìi, the management area defined by

480-475: The basin with high nutrient levels; accordingly, coupled with a general absence of pollution and invasive species, the lake is rich in aquatic life relative to its biome. Fish species include lake whitefish , lake trout , inconnu , northern pike and walleye , cisco , burbot , ninespine stickleback , shiner , also longnose sucker . Lake whitefish enjoy the highest levels, followed by cisco and suckers. Climate change , specifically reduced ice coverage times,

504-616: The current name on the map is fitting for that place." He has suggested Tu Nedhé, the Dene Soline name for the lake, as an alternative. Tucho, the Dehcho Dene term for the lake, has also been suggested. The Hay , Slave (which in turn includes the Peace ), Lockhart , and Taltson Rivers are its chief tributaries. It is drained by the Mackenzie River . Though the western shore is forested,

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528-558: The east shore and northern arm are tundra -like. The southern and eastern shores reach the edge of the Canadian Shield . Along with other lakes such as the Great Bear and Athabasca , it is a remnant of the vast glacial Lake McConnell . The lake has a very irregular shoreline. The East Arm of Great Slave Lake is filled with islands, and the area is within the proposed Thaidene Nene National Park Reserve . The Pethei Peninsula separates

552-625: The northwest from Hudson Bay in the mid 18th century. The name 'Great Slave' came from the English-language translation of the Cree exonym , Awokanek ( Slavey ), which they called the Dene Tha. The Slavey people were Dene tribes living on the lake's southern shores at that time. As the French explorers dealt directly with the Cree traders, the large lake was referred to as "Grand lac des Esclaves" which

576-538: Was eventually translated into English as "Great Slave Lake". In the 1930s, gold was discovered on the North Arm of Great Slave Lake, leading to the establishment of Yellowknife which would become the capital of the NWT . In 1960, an all-season highway was built around the west side of the lake, originally an extension of the Mackenzie Highway but now known as Yellowknife Highway or Highway 3. On January 24, 1978,

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