Misplaced Pages

Suzuki Cultus

Article snapshot taken from Wikipedia with creative commons attribution-sharealike license. Give it a read and then ask your questions in the chat. We can research this topic together.
#937062

92-638: The Suzuki Cultus is a supermini car produced by the Japanese manufacturer Suzuki from 1983 to 2016. The nameplate is currently used as a rebadged second-generation Suzuki Celerio in Pakistan since 2017. It was first presented at the 25th Tokyo Motor Show , formally introduced to Japan in 1983 and ultimately sold in seven countries and marketed worldwide as the Suzuki Swift . An alliance formed in 1981 between General Motors , Suzuki and Isuzu allowed GM to market

184-453: A scene . They are often mounted in can-shaped fixtures known as PARCAN s, which can be used to generate colours by fitting them with colored sheets called gels . The cans are arranged into rows of different colours and identical rows placed on different sides of the stage; such assemblies made from aluminum bars are known as PARbar s. Due to their affordability, they are ideal for colour washes in several different colours. However, because of

276-404: A bigger 1.3-liter four-cylinder engine and paired with a 5-speed manual transmission. The production continued until 1998 when it was succeeded by Suzuki Baleno sedan. Almost two years later, the production returned in 2000 as a 5-door hatchback and marketed as Suzuki Cultus. It had a three-cylinder 1.0-liter engine from the imported 1989–1991 Swift Sedan. In 2002, factory fitted CNG -powered option

368-539: A dimensions on par or slightly larger than traditional B-segment cars, and often are built on the same platform as B-segment hatchbacks or saloons. B-segment SUVs are usually excluded by analysts from traditional B-segment car sales. 22 percent of SUV global sales were contributed by B-segment SUVs in 2019. One of the first mass-market electric B-segment cars in Europe was the Renault Zoe , released in 2012. Global sales of

460-614: A formal car classification term, eventually being adopted in European Commission classification as the B-segment. The 1990 Renault Clio and 1983 Fiat Uno were significant models in the supermini or the B-segment, being the recipients of the European Car of the Year award. The Clio replaced the long-running Renault 5, although the latter remained in production until 1996. In 1993,

552-595: A global sales of 910,839 units that year, in which 54 percent was contributed by its European sales. It took the world number one spot from the Toyota Corolla at 906,953 sales. Safety features have improved for the cars in the segment. In 1995, both petrol and diesel B-segment vehicles had only around 40 percent of the listed safety options installed (side impact bars, driver/passenger airbag, side airbag, ABS , electronic braking system, stability control), whereas by 2010 they were averaging over 90 percent. This represents

644-461: A hemispherical head design. Later, fuel injection required the cylinder head for 1989 be redesigned to add the additional cooling required, reducing gas mileage. The Sprint was originally offered in parts of the western US for the 1985 model year; subsequently Chevrolet marketed the Sprint across North America. All models were initially three-door hatchbacks. Starting in 1986, a five-door hatchback version

736-415: A length of approximately 3.7–4.2 m (146–165 in), and may vary depending on the body styles, markets, and era. In some cases, the same car may be differently positioned depending on the market. The Euro NCAP vehicle class called "Supermini" also includes smaller A-segment cars alongside B-segment cars. In Britain, the term "supermini" is more widely used for B-segment hatchbacks. The term

828-475: A light source, with lens and a parabolic reflector with a smooth aluminium surface determining the spread of the beam. The most common sealed beam type combines these three elements into an integral unit. The light source usually approximates a point source that can be focused on; tungsten filaments and halogen lamps are common, but some theatrical usage that requires a higher color temperature may use hydrargyrum medium-arc iodide (HMI) instead. PAR lamps come in

920-555: A mere 660 cars finished the first year. From here on out, all Metro models with the exception of convertibles would be produced in Canada. G10 : 1.0 L3 In the United States, a single engine was available from 1989 through 1994: a 1.0-liter I3 engine. Rated at 61 PS (60 hp; 45 kW), the engine achieved 38 city, 45 highway mpg per the revised 2007 EPA mileage standards. The detuned 50 PS (49 hp; 37 kW) engine in

1012-654: A more expensive offering. Examples include the Ford Fiesta ST , Hyundai i20 N , Peugeot 208 GTi , Suzuki Swift Sport , Toyota GR Yaris , Volkswagen Polo GTI , among others. B-segment MPV (also called mini MPV or B-MPV) are taller and/or longer derivatives of B-segment hatchbacks with an emphasis in interior space and practicality. Examples are the Citroën C3 Picasso , Fiat 500L , and Ford B-Max . B-segment crossovers or SUVs (also called subcompact crossover SUV, small SUV, or B-SUV ) are crossovers/SUVs that has

SECTION 10

#1733084522938

1104-443: A new cylinder head assembly: the engine of the previous generation used the same block and corresponding components but featured a head with valves in a V-formation straddling a single camshaft with rocker arms on shafts, whereas now the cylinder head assumed a much slimmer profile, owing to the valves now being in a vertical, inline configuration, actuated by inverted buckets also serving as hydraulic valve lash adjusters, all underneath

1196-606: A rear spoilers, and a number of stickers. The Esteem sedan was also available with a 92 PS (91 hp; 68 kW) carburetted 1.6-liter G16A 16-valve engine option after the facelift, sold as the Esteem GT. The hatchbacks were discontinued in 1994, followed by the sedan in 1996. In China, the Cultus was known as the Suzuki Lingyang and was built by Chang'an . Production started in 1999 and ended in early 2015. The only engine choice

1288-528: A recessed sealed beam rectangular light while others came with a panel-flush forwards swept glass unit. The drag coefficient value of an early model is C d =0.38. Before it entered the Australian market as the Barina in 1985, the local Suzuki importer sold it as a two-seat van with the "Swift" moniker, as they did not have the necessary quota allocation to bring it in as a passenger car. While originally sold as

1380-766: A sedan. It was short-lived, being replaced by the third generation for the next year. Supermini The B-segment is the second smallest of the European segments for passenger cars between the A-segment and C-segment , and commonly described as "small cars". The B-segment is the largest segment in Europe by volume, accounting for 20 percent of total car sales in 2020 according to JATO Dynamics . B-segment cars include hatchback, saloon , estate , coupe / convertible , MPV , and crossover / SUV body styles. The European segments are not based on size or weight criteria. In practice, B-segment cars have been described as having

1472-548: A shorter stroke (75.5 mm, down from the previous 77 mm), fuel injection and 97 PS (96 hp; 71 kW) (JIS) in the Japanese market. In foreign markets, the car produced 101 PS (100 hp; 74 kW) at 6450 rpm and 83 lb⋅ft (113 N⋅m) of torque at 4950 rpm, giving the GTi a 0-60 mph (97 km/h) time of between 8.7 and 9.0 seconds, and a quarter mile time of 16.8 seconds at 83 mph (134 km/h) based on period road tests. The front brake system

1564-497: A significant improvement in vehicle safety over the period, despite petrol and diesel B-segment vehicles averaging an inflation-adjusted price increase of 6 percent and 15 percent respectively. Studies from the European Union and JATO has found that the average maximum power output of B-segment vehicles has increased by 40 percent between 1995 and 2010, while the average overall vehicle weight only increased by around 20 percent in

1656-510: A single overhead camshaft. The first European-built model was a "Suzuki Swift" manufactured in September 1992 in Esztergom , Hungary. Updates in 1996 followed, and model year 2000 modifications included a version fitted with the same Suzuki four-wheel drive system that had been available in the Japanese market until February 1996 and badged as the " Subaru Justy ". The last modifications were made on

1748-494: A variety of standardized sizes. The size of a round PAR lamp is expressed as the nominal diameter of the mouth of the reflector, in eighths of an inch—so the approximate nominal lamp bell diameter in inches can be found by dividing the PAR size by 8. A PAR56, for example, is 56 eighths of an inch (7 inches) in diameter; a PAR36 is 36 eighths (4.5 inches) in diameter, and so on. Similarly, the diameter in millimeters can be found by multiplying

1840-416: A wide variety of replaceable light bulbs. Between 1940 and 1956, all U.S. cars had to have two 7-inch (178 mm) round headlamps with dual filaments, so each lamp provided both a high and a low beam light distribution. In 1957, a system of four sealed-beam headlamps—two per side, of 5 + 3 / 4 inches (146 mm) diameter, was allowed in some U.S. states. The following year in 1958, all states allowed

1932-458: Is Latin meaning "care" or "adoration". The first generation was a project begun by General Motors as the M-car . When they realized that the project was not going to be profitable enough, the entire unfinished design was sold to Suzuki in return for a five per cent stake in the company. Suzuki completed the design and development work and put the car on sale from October 1983 in the Japanese market, as

SECTION 20

#1733084522938

2024-409: Is sometimes specified in two numbers. In the United States of America, sealed-beam headlamps were introduced in 1939, becoming standard equipment across all American-market vehicles starting in 1940 and remaining the only type allowed for almost four and a half decades, until the 1984 model year. Before and after those years, vehicles could have model-specific, nonstandard-shape headlamps, using any of

2116-699: The A0-class in China, and the supermini category for B-segment hatchbacks in Great Britain. Category:Subcompact cars   ( 306 ) Sealed beam A parabolic aluminized reflector lamp ( PAR lamp or simply PAR ) is a type of electric lamp that is widely used in commercial, residential, and transportation illumination. It produces a highly directional beam. Usage includes theatrical lighting , locomotive headlamps , aircraft landing lights, and residential and commercial recessed lights ("cans" in

2208-673: The American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy (ACEEE) judged the 1.0-liter Geo Metro/Suzuki Cultus as the leading gasoline-fueled vehicle within their Greenest Vehicles list of 1998 and 1999. Partially because of the renewed interest in the Metro/Cultus due to rising fuel costs, the July 2009 issue of the US Car and Driver included a 1998 Metro /Cultus 3-door hatchback among vehicles tested for fuel efficiency alongside two hybrid models:

2300-576: The Chevette until 1987 alongside the Sprint. In the United States, the Chevrolet Sprint label was dropped with the introduction of the Geo Metro (second-generation Cultus), but it continued to be used for a while longer in Canada. The "Sprint" and "Sprint Metro" differed in their engines, though both were computer controlled carb systems. From 1985 to 1988, the carbureted 1.0-liter 3-cylinder engine used

2392-642: The Nissan Micra (K11) , became the first Japanese car company to be receive the European Car of the Year award. In 1999, the Toyota Yaris received the European Car of the Year award, and was noted for its high roof which allowed for improved interior space. Another notable model is the Opel Corsa , which was the best-selling car in the world in the year 1998 thanks to its extensive international presence. It recorded

2484-518: The XFi , introduced in 1990, is optimized for high mileage. It combines a shorter duration cam, leaner fuel map, two ring pistons, and a higher final drive gear model to achieve 43 city, 51 highway per the revised 2007 EPA mileage standards. As per the first generation, a turbocharged variant of G10 was also available in the Canadian Pontiac Firefly from 1989 to 1991. It was no longer available in

2576-447: The kei class Suzuki Fronte . Three- and four-cylinder versions of the G engine family were available, although some secondary markets installed Suzuki's one-liter four-cylinder F10A engine in a model which carries the SA410 chassis code. Early export models were sold simply by the model code, SA310. Not long after introduction, the car was given a variety of different names depending on

2668-412: The "Forsa Amenity" from 1990 until 1992, and, after a facelift, simply as the "Eleny" from 1992 until 1994. The sedan arrived in 1991 and marketed as the "Forsa Esteem", although the "Forsa" portion was eventually dropped just like the hatchback in the facelift. Initially only a carburetted, uncatalyzed version of the 1298 cc G13BA 8-valve engine with 71 PS (70 hp; 52 kW) at 6000 rpm

2760-455: The "Forsa". The imported three-door model was discontinued, while the more upscale Forsa also benefitted from the new flush headlamps. The model was refreshed and upgraded in June 1986. The leaf springs of the rear end were replaced by coil springs , the front end (forward of the steel body) was remodelled with a more forward swept grill and headlights, the dashboard was remodelled, and the windscreen

2852-414: The (U.S.) automotive lamps market. Aircraft landing (ACL) lights are often sealed beams that have a very narrow beam spread. They typically have a size of PAR36 or PAR64, and run on 28 V DC. They have found some use in stage lighting as well. PAR lamps and their fixtures are widely used in theatre, concerts and motion picture production when a substantial amount of flat lighting is required for

Suzuki Cultus - Misplaced Pages Continue

2944-683: The 1988 model year , the naturally-aspirated hatchback was named the Chevrolet Sprint Metro . Production of the first Geo Metro models began at Suzuki's plant in Hamamatsu , Japan. The name "Chevette Sprint" was considered before simply calling the Colombian model (first generation) the "Chevrolet Sprint" — to distinguish it from the originally Opel-designed knock down kits imported from Brazil for assembly in Colombia. When presented on 7 October 1986,

3036-553: The 2010 Honda Insight and 2010 Toyota Prius models. During a 600-mile long, mixed driving conditions, route. While notably lacking in modern conveniences and weighing considerably less, the Cultus/Metro tied in first place with the Prius for best overall fuel economy at 42 mpg ‑US (5.6 L/100 km). The Sprint badge continued to be used in the Canadian market until

3128-628: The Canadian market also received Japanese-built four-door sedans. Canadian sales of the Geo Metro only began in 1992, after the demise of the Asüna brand. For 1990, the Metro's second model year, Geo introduced the Metro LSi models, which included an automatic transmission , air conditioning and a stereo with cassette player. Geo also introduced the frugal XFi model, featuring a lower powered economy-tuned version of

3220-511: The Chevrolet Sprint, the Firefly was also available with a 1.0-liter turbo engine option. The Firefly was not marketed for the 1992 and 1993 model years when the 1993-only " Asüna " brand introduced the larger 1992 GT/SE to replace the Passport Optima and the pre-facelift Firefly. In 1994, the Firefly returned with a facelift following the demise of the Asüna brand, available as a hatchback and

3312-803: The Cultus as a captive import internationally under more than a dozen nameplates including the Geo Metro , Chevrolet Sprint , Pontiac Firefly , Isuzu Geminett and Holden Barina . It was also known as the M-car within GM. Offered across its lifespan in four body-style variations with engines from the Suzuki G engine family, the second generation Cultus still remained in production in Pakistan until late 2016. The Cultus family of vehicles has been marketed in Asia, Australia, Europe, North America and South America. The name " cultus "

3404-537: The Cultus. This is also why the car's design was such a natural fit in the General Motors lineup, with a clear GM corporate look. The model was also exported worldwide by Suzuki and assembled by a number of General Motors franchises, often undergoing badge engineering . The first-generation Swifts all share the SA model code prefix and was Suzuki's first earnest entry into a class of car with larger dimensions and engines than of

3496-597: The European Gen II from model year 2002 but only for the Hungarian market, the 1.3-liter engine was also changed to 16-valve version and produces 85 PS (84 hp; 63 kW). The production of the three-door models ended in September 2002. In the same year, in December, the four-door sedan version was also discontinued. The last variation available was a five-door version, which was offered until March 2003. In Ecuador,

3588-659: The Geo brand was introduced in 1992. Unlike its American counterparts, the Canadian Sprint remained available with the 1.0-liter turbo engine. The Chevrolet Sprint hatchback was also sold in Chile from 1994 to 1996, but adopted the facelifted Suzuki Swift appearance. Introduced for 1989, the Firefly was also available as a convertible and as a four-door sedan from 1990 until 1991. All hatchbacks were manufactured at CAMI, while convertibles and sedans were sourced from Japanese production. Just like

3680-468: The Metro received a facelift with new hubcaps, exterior modification and new interior controls. In 1993, both LSi hatchbacks and the convertible were discontinued. Automatic door locks, which deploy after the car reaches a speed of approximately 8 mph (13 km/h) were introduced this year. In 1994, five-door hatchback production ended. In 1994, Geo dropped the XFi model. Under its Geo Metro US badging,

3772-428: The PAR designation by 3.175. For example, a PAR16 lamp is approximately 2 inches or 50.8 mm in diameter. The size of rectangular PAR lamps is expressed as the letters REC followed by the reflector's mouth height, the letter "X", and the reflector's mouth width—with both dimensions in millimeters. For example, REC142X200 lamps are 142  high and 200 mm wide. Depending on the parabolic reflector geometry,

Suzuki Cultus - Misplaced Pages Continue

3864-753: The Pontiac Firefly was only sold in Canada. In 1985, GM began marketing in North America as the Chevrolet Sprint , reusing the name from a previous GMC vehicle . The Chevrolet Sprint was sold only in the Western United States until nationwide sale was begun in 1986. Sprint consumers had a choice of ER, Base, and Turbo models. In Canada, the car was sold as Suzuki Forsa and Pontiac Firefly . Firefly marketed in FE, Turbo, and Base models. GM continued to market

3956-608: The Sprint caused a sensation. Colombian Sprints were all five-door hatchbacks fitted with the 993 cc three-cylinder G10A engine and a five-speed manual transmission. The Sprint remained in production virtually unchanged until 2004, with a total production of 70,848. Slight modifications were made in 1987, including increasing the wheel sizes from 12" to 13" and with modernized bumpers and headlights. Another slight update took place in 1997 bringing with it monopoint fuel injection and an increase in power from 50 to 53 PS (49 to 52 hp; 37 to 39 kW). The first generation Cultus

4048-645: The Swift at the Brussels Auto Salon in October. General Motors, whose Design Center assisted in its development, designated it the GM M platform . The chassis, engines, and drivetrains were developed by Suzuki, being mostly modified variants of the first generation Cultus. The second generation offered new styling and four-wheel independent strut suspension. A turbocharged three-cylinder version remained fairly popular in Canada, which

4140-573: The Turbo Sprint regardless of body color. Turbocharged versions of the 1.0-liter three-cylinder engine were available in the Turbo Sprint in both the United States and Canada beginning with the 1987 model year. The fuel injected Turbo Sprint utilized an IHI RHB32 turbocharger. Colors were limited to white and red for the Turbo Sprint. Sales were insignificant in the United States (around 1,550 cars sold in model year 1988, less than three percent of overall Sprint sales), but somewhat stronger in Canada. For

4232-580: The U.S. mainland. The EPA lists the 1985 Forsa model as the Suzuki SA310 (the original JDM name for the Cultus, Forsa and Swift), no listing for 1986, and both the Forsa and Forsa Turbo for 1987 and 1988. In 1984, Suzuki and General Motors announced they would sell rebadged models of the Suzuki Cultus in North America as Chevrolets and Pontiacs, with Suzuki selling their own version as the Forsa. As it turned out,

4324-455: The US market, however. G13 : 1.3 L I4 Canadian market Metros had the 1.3-liter engine available as an option beginning in 1993 in the three-door GSi model, and as standard equipment in the sedan (exclusive to the Canadian market at the time: American market Metros were not available in a sedan body style until 1995). Only available as a hatchback (later also a convertible) in the United States,

4416-481: The United States). Many PAR lamps are of the sealed beam variety, with a parabolic reflector , one or more filaments , and a glass or plastic lens sealed permanently together as a unit. Originally introduced for road vehicle headlamp service, sealed beams have since been applied elsewhere. Halogen sealed beam lamps incorporate a halogen lamp within a quartz or hard glass envelope. A PAR lamp consists of

4508-558: The Zoe achieved the 50,000 unit milestone in June 2016, and 200,000 units by March 2020. Other manufacturers followed suit; Groupe PSA introduced the Peugeot e-208 and Opel Corsa-e in 2019, while Honda followed with the low-volume Honda e , and Mini with their Mini Electric . The B-segment is considered as the European equivalent to the subcompact category widely known in North America,

4600-539: The back of the lamp's reflector. PAR38 lamps, with an E22 base and with ratings up to 150W, were often used for domestic outdoor floodlight illumination for patios, backyards, and often combined with a PIR sensor switch as a security/convenience light, for example, in a driveway. Coloured versions were popular with discos and mobile DJs, however were usually only available up to 100w in coloured form and were considerably more expensive than standard PAR38 globes. In domestic applications, halogen and later on LED largely replaced

4692-509: The bumpers, tail lights and interior. GT/GTi versions were equipped with larger sway-bars, and the camshafts were now solid. Production for the North American market ended in 1994. From 1995 onward, the redesigned North American-exclusive Suzuki Swift was built at CAMI Automotive , receiving all the modifications of its Pontiac and Geo/Chevrolet siblings – only ever available in the three-door body style, however. The second generation Cultus

SECTION 50

#1733084522938

4784-440: The case of LED MR lamps , LED PAR lamps generally use an array of individual LED elements that are unsuitable for reflector operation. Nevertheless, some degree of beam control can be obtained with aperture or lens, and LED PAR 38 replacements with a 40° spread is common. Models built for stage lighting may use less similar dimensions. They often use a RGB color model for color-tuning abilities, though some higher-end fixtures use

4876-619: The ceiling or on tracks . Sealed beam lamp arrays are also in use by modern lighthouses . High-power, mains-voltage, theatrical PARs usually use the bi-pin GX16d "Mogul" lamp connector; G9.5 and variants are common too. Theater metal-halide lamps use G12. In addition to being used on light bulbs themselves, the G38 connectors are also found as a part of the Raylite reflector assembly, although some Raylite reflectors have "tails" which then require connection to

4968-489: The cheapest non- kei car at that time. The hatchback was available until 2000, replaced by the Ignis based- Swift . The vehicle entered Pakistani market in 1989 with units imported from Japan, it was only available in sedan form as Swift Sedan and powered by a 1.0-liter engine producing 50 PS (49 hp; 37 kW). In 1991, Pak Suzuki started local production for the domestic market and renamed to "Suzuki Margalla". It gained

5060-561: The configuration of the filament and its placement within the paraboloid, PAR lamps can achieve a wide range of beams, from narrow spot to wide flood. The following suffixes are commonly used with PAR lamps to indicate their beam width: PAR lamps are also manufactured to produce beam patterns specific to the needs of particular applications, such as low-beam and high-beam headlamps and fog and driving lights for vehicles, and warning lamps for school buses . The suffixes given are for 1000-Watt PAR64 lamps only. The focused beam can be oval and

5152-741: The country in 2020. The term supermini, which precedes the B-segment term, emerged in the UK in the 1970s, as car manufacturers sought a new design to surpass the influential Mini , launched in 1959, and journalists attempted to categorise such a vehicle. The car which is widely regarded as the first modern supermini is the Autobianchi A112 , launched in 1969. It was later followed by the Fiat 127 , Renault 5 , VW Polo and Honda Civic , which are similar in concept and size. These supermini or B-segment cars were considered to feature better comfort and convenience, with

5244-521: The discontinuation of the Fronte 800 in 1969. Sold as the "Cultus Esteem" in Japan, it was also available with a larger 1.6-liter engine never offered in the hatchbacks. In the Japanese market, the 1.3-liter single-cam engine was changed to a 16-valve version in July 1990, which increased power to 82 PS (81 hp; 60 kW). Suzuki facelifted the Cultus in July 1991 for the 1992 model year. The update involved

5336-567: The engine block, a better flowing intake manifold (the prior generation intake manifold had its shape compromised to fit into the engine bay), and its ECU now had electronic control over ignition timing. It now put out 101 PS (100 hp; 74 kW) of power. The GTi also featured all wheel disc brakes. Japanese GTi's have a much higher compression ratio (11.5:1) and accordingly more power at 115 PS (113 hp; 85 kW), and were also offered with permanent four-wheel drive. In June 1989, Suzuki introduced their first three-box sedan since

5428-400: The first few years. Early models were sold in Finland as the Suzuki Extra. The 1.0-liter turbo ( G10T ) and a three-speed automatic transmission were introduced in Japan on the last day of May 1984. The turbo raised the power to 80 PS (79 hp; 59 kW) ( JIS ) and it received 165/70 HR12 tyres. In August 1984, the 10 cm (3.9 in) longer five-door body was introduced, as

5520-460: The first generation, Suzuki marketed the Swift GTi with the G13B engine – a DOHC 16 valve, 1.3-liter, inline four-cylinder engine with an aluminum block and cylinder head, forged steel crankshaft and connecting rods, and cast aluminum high compression pistons (10:1 compression ratio). Its power output is 101 PS (100 hp; 74 kW). The second generation received a modest restyle and other production changes in 1992, including changes to

5612-568: The incandescent PAR38. In situations where sunlight or other specular light is available, a white foam reflector is often used to accomplish the same effect as a PAR array. PAR cans are being replaced in some stage applications by LED stage lighting , which use less electric power and produce a wide array of saturated colors without the use of color filters, when white light is not needed. Smaller sealed beam PAR lamps (PAR 38 and smaller) with an Edison screw base are common in indoor lighting. They can be found in recessed fixtures mounted in

SECTION 60

#1733084522938

5704-640: The lack of dynamic control over the beam diameter, shape and sharpness, PARs are rarely used as Front of House lights other than for front washes but can be used for special effect lighting such as lighting from directly above or from extreme angles as well as general wash lights overhead/above stage. If used cleverly, par cans can provide low budget productions with good effects. PAR64 sealed beam lamps are often used for these purposes; they are typically available with 250, 500 or 1000 watt power ratings. Beam spreads are designated as FL ( flood ), SP ( spot ), NSP (narrow spot), and VNSP (very narrow spot), as stamped on

5796-427: The local Aymesa plant assembled some versions of this vehicle. The three-door version was called Suzuki "Forsa II", while the four-door sedan version was badged "Chevrolet Swift". In 1999, General Motors de Ecuador took over AYMESA's production of General Motors vehicles, including Suzuki-based ones. Production of the sedan ended about 1996, while the hatchback version continued to being produced until 2003 at least and it

5888-414: The mains flex with the use of a ceramic connector block (ideally fixed to the can's body). In residential and office use, the usual connector for the lamp's voltage is often used. This includes Edison screw or a bayonet connector for mains-supplied PARs, or small bi-pin connectors for low voltage applications. LED retrofit equipment that match PAR lamp dimensions is made by some manufacturers. As with

5980-429: The market, most commonly Swift. In Japan the car was always known as the Cultus. The SA310 initially featured leaf spring rear suspension and was originally marketed with a 1.0-liter (993 cc), three-cylinder engine ( G10 ). The SA310 had its European premier in southern Spain in late 1983. The original model was available as the base GA, the GL, and the more expensive GLX models. Only three-door versions were available for

6072-418: The new system. Two of the lamps contained two filaments and served as low and high beam, while the other two lamps contained only one filament and were active only during high-beam operation. From the 1975 model year , a rectangular version of the four-lamp system was legalized. The new lamps were 165 mm ( 6 + 1 / 2  in) wide and 100 mm (4 in) tall. For 1978, a rectangular version of

6164-423: The relocation of the rear license plate to the rear bumper from in between the tail lamps. The gap vacated by the license plate was filled in with either a black plastic panel or translucent red perspex panel integrating with the tail lamps. At the front, Suzuki revised the bumper's airdam , and inside, the interior was substantially re-designed. In the Japanese market, the Cultus Esteem's carburetted 1.6-liter engine

6256-416: The safety and surefootedness of the Mini's front-wheel drive/transverse engine package. That meant the addition of a hatchback and folding rear seats. The oil crisis in the 1970s was also argued to increase supermini market share. In 1976, Ford launched the Ford Fiesta which became popular. The segment began to be more popular in the 1980s. By the mid-1980s, the term supermini had become established as

6348-470: The same period. Fuel consumption has decreased by around 20 percent, and power-to-weight ratio has increased by 15 percent. Hatchback is the most popular body style for the segment. While the majority is equipped with five doors, many European-oriented hatchbacks was offered with both three-door and five-door versions, with 31 percent of European customers opting for three-door B-segment hatchbacks by 2007. The share has decreased to 13 percent in 2016 due to

6440-554: The shift of market preference which is moving towards prioritizing usability and practicality. As the result, by late 2010s, a number of manufacturers had stopped offering three-door versions of its B-segment hatchback models in Europe. Other body styles currently available in the segment in Europe are saloon (example: Dacia Logan ), estate (example: Dacia Logan MCV and Škoda Fabia Combi ), and coupe/convertible (example: Mini Cooper Cabrio/Convertible ). Performance-oriented versions of B-segment hatchbacks were developed and sold as

6532-479: The sporting GTi. A more luxurious GLX model was also added later. In June 1986, Suzuki introduced the flagship GTi (AA33S) model with both styling and performance upgrades over other models. It was originally available as a manual three-door hatch only, although later a five-door version called GXi was added. The GTi was one of the first Suzuki to feature electronic fuel injection on its G13B high performance twin cam engine. This new engine has 1298 cc thanks to

6624-528: The three-cylinder engine, a higher final drive gear ratio, and certain deleted interior amenities (e.g., the passenger mirror). It thereby achieved 43 city, 51 highway per the revised 2007 EPA mileage standards. XFi made up less than 10% of Metro sales. A little bit later, the Japanese-built convertible model debuted, available in LSi trim. In 1991, GM increased convertible production and added paint options. In 1992,

6716-538: The three-cylinder, three-door "Swift" in Indonesia , a five-door model of the pre-facelift SA310 was briefly offered beginning in late 1985. It was replaced by another five-door model fitted with the locally built (by "Suzuki Engine Manufacturing Indonesia") four-cylinder, 970 cc F10A engine from the popular Suzuki Carry 1.0 and 55 PS (54 hp; 40 kW) ( SAE ), entered production in Indonesia in early 1986 as

6808-545: The two-lamp system became legal; these measured 200 mm (8 in) wide and 142 mm ( 5 + 1 / 2  in) tall. With only two round and two rectangular lamp sizes allowed, the sealed-beam headlamp mandate greatly restricted styling possibilities for automobiles. Halogen sealed-beam headlamps appeared on U.S. cars in 1979, to enable greater high beam intensity newly permitted by Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard 108 without unreasonably high lamp wattage. Eventually, halogen sealed-beam lights came to dominate

6900-495: Was added as were GA, GL and GS four-door sedan . At the same time, the GTi name was changed to GT because of an out-of-court settlement with Volkswagen of America over their similarly named GTI. The Swift nameplate moved on to separate from the Cultus, eventually being placed on the North American "third generation" model. The Swift featured a 993 cc inline three-cylinder engine producing 56 PS (55 hp; 41 kW). The G10 engine weighed 63 kg (139 lb) and

6992-845: Was also entirely different from lesser versions. Beginning in 1985, Cooper Motor Corporation (CMC) of Nairobi , Kenya, also assembled the SA310. Japanese market designations It was marketed in Ecuador, Chile, Indonesia, Canada and the U.S. from 1985 to 1988 – with Suzuki offering the supermini with either a 48 hp (49 PS; 36 kW) (SAE net) carbureted 1.0-liter (993 cc) inline-three cylinder or 70 hp (71 PS; 52 kW) (SAE net) fuel injected 1.0-liter (993 cc) inline 3 cylinder turbocharged engine. The Indonesian market Forsa has carbureted 1.0-liter (970 cc) four-cylinder engine. An undetermined number of Forsa superminis were imported to Hawaii and Puerto Rico and some of them have found their way to

7084-431: Was also upgraded with larger diameter disc brakes . Interior updates included velour highlighted door cards and seat trimming. A red theme across the dashboard displays, carpet and seat roping was standard as was a centre console. Electric adjustable mirrors were also added. Exterior styling upgrades included a model-specific molded spoiler , side skirts, and a bumper bar incorporating fog lights. The rear suspension

7176-460: Was available as a three-door GTi and five-door GLX hatchback. Designed by General Motors, the design echoed that of the contemporary Chevrolet Cavalier and Pontiac Sunfire . A four-door sedan followed in 1990 – imported from Japan. For Swifts in North America, the 1.0-liter three-cylinder was only available in Canada where it was sold from 1992 to 1994. In 1990, the GLX was dropped; an inexpensive GA 3-door

7268-416: Was available. Power claimed later decreased to 67 PS (66 hp; 49 kW) in the facelifted version. The sedan and five-door hatchback were assembled locally with CKD kits in Indonesia, while a small number of three-door hatchbacks were imported fully built-up from Japan. From 1992 there was also a " Marissa Haque Limited Edition" of the sedan with power steering, front fog lamps, body-colored bumpers,

7360-521: Was badged as "Chevrolet Forsa" in latter years. These were powered by the 67 PS (66 hp; 49 kW) 1.3-liter four. Cultus variants were available in Colombia from 1991 until 2004, where it was called the Chevrolet Swift. They were assembled by GM-Colmotores in Bogotá . A stripped-down version of the 1.3-liter Swift sedan was also marketed as the "Suzuki Taxi". The hatchback was sold in Indonesia as

7452-636: Was developed in the 1970s as an informal categorisation, and by 1977 was used regularly by the British newspaper The Times . By the mid-1980s, it had widespread use in Britain. In Germany, the term "small cars" ( German : Kleinwagen ) has been endorsed by the Federal Motor Transport Authority ( Kraftfahrt-Bundesamt  [ de ] , KBA) equivalent to the B-segment. The segment accounts for 15.1 percent of total car registrations in

7544-433: Was finished in a grey fabric with two broad red strips over the front and rear seats, also new sporty three-spoke steering wheel. The introduction of the 1985 model year versions also marked the introduction of the "Swift" name in the European market, as earlier models had been sold simply as the SA310. Two headlight variations existed within the earlier models depending on market and level. The lower equipped were fitted with

7636-413: Was launched along with several improvements, followed by another changes in 2005. Major facelift occurred in 2007 with new fuel injected 1.0-liter four-cylinder engine, new bumpers and seat upholstery with broader head rests. It continued to be produced until late 2016, with sales ended on 1 February 2017. Following limited 1985–1988 sales of the Forsa, the nameplate was changed to Suzuki Swift . The Swift

7728-486: Was now caulked in place (rather than being held with a molded seal as in the earlier model). The 1.0- and 1.3-liter were slightly detuned while the turbo model gained fuel injection and now produces 82 PS (81 hp; 60 kW) (JIS net), while the more powerful twin cam GTi model also arrived. The facelift model entered Indonesian production by early 1987 as the Forsa GL, and now featured some external trim pieces from

7820-584: Was offered, called the Sprint Plus. That year, another model called the Sprint ER was offered that included a few extra features, such as an "upshift" light to indicate the ideal speed to shift to the next highest gear on manual transmission models. Although air conditioning was offered in all years, the three-speed automatic transmission wasn't offered until 1986. All models featured front-wheel drive and 12-inch steel wheels, which were covered by white hub caps on

7912-414: Was replaced by a single-point fuel injection 1.5-liter G15A engine with 91 PS (90 hp; 67 kW), to fit a lower tax category. The single-cam 1.3 was also updated with fuel injection in July 1991, although its power remained 82 PS (81 hp; 60 kW). All Swifts (export models) got a redesigned front and rear fascia as well as a new dashboard. The 1.0-liter three-cylinder engine received

8004-550: Was sold as the Geo Metro in the US and Canada, and as the Pontiac Firefly in Canada and the Middle East, and as the Chevrolet Sprint in Canada and Chile. Unlike the four-cylinder Swifts, General Motors-badged units usually featured the 1.0-liter G10 three-cylinder engine, with a turbocharged version and a larger 1.3-liter engine available in some Canadian market versions. In late 1989, production began at CAMI Automotive, with

8096-606: Was sold in Pakistan as Suzuki Khyber, by Pak Suzuki assembly line, and produced between 1989 and 2000, only in GA trim level. It was equipped with a four-stroke engine based on G10A platform matted to a five-speed manual gearbox. Production was ended in 2000, replaced by second generation Cultus. The version that rolled out during its end of life were termed as Limited Editions, featuring unique metallic colors and new audio system by Clarion. The second generation Cultus first appeared in Japan in September 1988, followed by its European debut as

8188-504: Was the 1.3-liter G13BB engine mated to a 5-speed manual gearbox. The Lingyang was facelifted in 2007, 2010 and 2012. In Japan, the Cultus was gradually replaced by the slightly larger Cultus Crescent (Baleno or Esteem elsewhere) in 1995. However in May 1998, the hatchback was renamed to "Cultus M" as the Cultus Crescent dropped the "Crescent" suffix. It continued to be available as one of

8280-517: Was the 1.3-liter (1,324 cc) four-cylinder version (SA413). There was also a sporting European three-door version called Swift GS, fitted with a 1.3-liter engine ( G13A ), which received two-tone bodywork and 6 PS (6 hp; 4 kW) more powerful engine than the standard 1.3-liter models (67 PS (66 hp; 49 kW) vs 73 PS (72 hp; 54 kW) ( DIN )). The GS also featured flush headlights, yellow filtered front foglamps with black removable covers and white wheel trims. The interior

8372-404: Was the only market for the version which was not even available in its homeland Japan. It was available with a 1.0-liter three-cylinder with a power output of 53 PS (52 hp; 39 kW), a 1.3-liter four-cylinder, and later a 1.6-liter four-cylinder (for the sedan only). The higher powered Cultus/Swift GTi had an improved G13B engine which featured hollow camshafts, stronger web casting on

8464-448: Was the same as used in the Geo Metro and other North American iterations. Other engine configurations included a carbureted or fuel injected SOHC eight-valve 1.3-liter G13 . Trim levels included the 1.0 GA and the 1.0 GL. The GA model included plastic wheelcovers , four-speed gearbox and cloth trim. The GL model included more equipment such as a five-speed gearbox, alloy wheels, a sunroof , and air conditioning in some markets. With

#937062