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29-526: A number of towns are on the banks of the river including the royal town of Kuala Kangsar . Most of the settlements in what is today Perak were situated near the river until the 19th century, when tin deposits were discovered elsewhere, most notably Ipoh . One of the streams that flows into the Perak River is known locally as the Sungai Kangsar ( Kangsar River ). The portion that enjoins the main Perak River

58-464: A result of historical immigration, civil war such as Klang War and other inevitable factors. Whilst there are many Malay dialects significantly found in Perak, all Malay dialectologists basically agreed that Perak Malay is spoken by the native Malay people who traditionally have long been subsisting along the riverine system of Perak which comprises Perak River valley and its vicinity except those at

87-472: Is farther upstream and is made out of steel. Kuala Kangsar is easily accessible via the North–South Expressway and by train and it is possible you can access to West Ipoh Span Expressway in the future once it is finished. Bus Trains Perak Malay Perak Malay ( Bahase Peghok or Ngelabun Peghok ; Standard Malay : bahasa Melayu Perak ; Jawi script : بهاس ملايو ڤيراق) is one of

116-485: Is intended by the name "Perak Malay". There are subtle phonetic , syntactic and lexical distinctions from other major Malay dialects. Perak Malay can be divided into two sub-dialects, Kuala Kangsar and Perak Tengah , named after the daerah (districts) where they are predominantly spoken. Linguistically, the Malay dialects spoken in the state of Perak are diverse. In fact, there is still no definite classification of

145-655: Is known as Kuala. Overlooking the river bank there is a hill where the British Resident for Perak resided and appropriately named as Bukit Residen (Residence Hill). During the British occupation the British Resident being Advisor to the Sultan will conduct the Council Meeting with the Sultan and Chieftains from the districts at Bukit Residen. The council meeting was usually a pompous event with Chieftains coming with sailing boats and

174-407: Is one of non-rhotic variants of Malay language and the 'r' is guttural. In Perak Malay, if the 'r' appears in the initial and middle position of a word, it will be pronounced as French 'r' specifically voiced uvular fricative , [ʁ] but if it comes in the final position of a word and in a postvocalic setting, it will be dropped or deleted and then substituted into an open vowel; usually 'o' by affecting

203-469: Is the royal town of Perak , Malaysia . It is located at the downstream of Kangsar River where it joins the Perak River , approximately 25 km (16 mi) northwest of Ipoh , Perak 's capital, and 98 km (61 mi) southeast of George Town , Penang . It is the main town in the administrative district of Kuala Kangsar , about 235 km from Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia. The town is administered by

232-589: The Bintang Mountains serves as a drainage divide between the Kerian River basin in the west and the Perak River in the east. The river has many tributaries , including Bidor River and the Kinta River . 4°01′N 100°47′E  /  4.017°N 100.783°E  / 4.017; 100.783 Kuala Kangsar Kuala Kangsar ( Perak Malay : Kole Kangso ; Jawi : كوالا كڠسر ‎)

261-641: The Kuala Kangsar Municipal Council ( Malay : Majlis Perbandaran Kuala Kangsar ), formerly known as Kuala Kangsar District Council ( Malay : Majlis Daerah Kuala Kangsar ) from 1 January 1980 until 17 February 2004. The site must have had a strange effect on Sultan Yusuf Sharifuddin Mudzaffar Shah of Perak who ruled from 1877 to 1887. Unlike many rulers who protected their royal palaces and strongholds by selecting their vantage points carefully where they could detect enemy approach from afar,

290-466: The Malay dialects spoken within the state of Perak , Malaysia . Although it is neither the official language nor the standard dialect in the whole state of Perak, its existence which co-exists with other major dialects in the state of Perak still plays an important role in maintaining the identity of Perak. In spite of the fact that there are five main dialects traditionally spoken in Perak, only one of which

319-745: The confluence of the Machang and Merah Rivers, deep in the remote area of Royal Belum State Park . The Machang River originated from the Titiwangsa along the Perak–Kelantan border, while the Merah River started from the upper stream near Bang Lang National Park in the Sankalakhiri , Yala on the Thai side. The confluence of these rivers joined together and forms the headwater of the Perak. It then flows southwest through

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348-613: The upper stream . Historically, it was a tradition for the Malay peasants in Perak to settle along the Perak River. Royal residences also were built at various sites along the river basin , and there was never any attempt to move to another tributary. It has been said that in general, the Malay people in Malaya distinguish the dialect of Perak by the final /- a / vowel in Standard Malay substituted into strong 'e': [- ɛ ] , in contrast to [- o ] , [- ɔ ] , [- ɑ ] and [- ə ] in

377-524: The 18th century. It is one of four towns that plays a role in Perak's complex succession system. It was the administrative seat of the first British Resident in the Malay Peninsula , James W. W. Birch , from October 1874 until he was murdered on 2 November 1875. It was the capital of Perak until 1876. Kuala Kangsar is also known in Malaysian history as the site where the first Conference of Rulers of

406-614: The Federated Malay States, the Durbar, was held in 1897. By the 1890s, the growth of the tin mining towns of Ipoh and Taiping had eclipsed Kuala Kangsar, but it remains to this day one of the most attractive of the Malay royal capitals. The town is also the site of the first rubber tree planted in Malaysia. The person responsible was the English botanist Henry Nicholas Ridley . He

435-516: The Malay dialects of southern Thailand due to geographical borders and historical assimilation. This variant is occasionally classified as a sub-dialect of Yawi . The district of Hulu Perak once was ruled by the Kingdom of Reman . Reman was historically a part of Greater Pattani (which is now a province of Thailand ) before gaining independence in 1810 from the Pattani Kingdom via a rebellion by

464-617: The Perak River'. One flooding was so severe, it almost swept the palace away. Finally, after the Big Flood or Air Bah in 1926, it was decided to move the place further up onto the knoll where stands the current Royal Palace named Istana Iskandariah with its Art-Deco architecture, a rare but significant piece of architectural milestone in Malaysia . The Sultan of Perak officially resides in Kuala Kangsar, and it has been Perak's royal seat since

493-471: The Royal Family. In the southern parts of Perak ( Hilir Perak and Batang Padang ) and also in the districts of Kampar and Kinta and several parts of Manjung, the dialect is heavily influenced by southern Malay dialects of the peninsula such as Selangor , Malacca and Johore-Riau Malay and various languages of Indonesian archipelago namely Javanese , Banjar , Rawa , Mandailing and Buginese as

522-617: The Royalty and palace officials came riding on elephants. The subjects camped at the foot of the Bukit Residen for days as the Council Meeting was usually more than three days. For the subjects the Council meeting was a festival where they congregated at river bank. The subjects and locals had free flows of food and cultural activities at the river bank. Thus the local dialects named the confluence of Kangsar River and Perak River as Kuala Kangsar, Kangsar

551-502: The Sultan had his first royal palace built beside the riverbank. He then named it 'Istana Sri Sayong'. Apart from being exposed to the impending threat of invasion, the other problem was the force of monsoon seasons, which led to numerous flooding as water gushed down from the jungles above through the many tributaries. The name Kuala Kangsar is believed to be derived from 'Kuala Kurang-Sa', which literally means '100 minus (-) one', usually interpreted as 'the 99th small tributary to flow into

580-740: The district of Hulu Perak , mainly in the vicinities of Gerik and Lenggong , before meeting with the Kangsar River at the royal seat of Kuala Kangsar , in its eponymous district . It then enters the Perak Tengah district, snaking through the towns of Parit , Pasir Salak and Kampung Gajah , before emptying into the Straits of Malacca near Bagan Datuk in Bagan Datuk District . The Perak River basin encompasses almost all districts of Perak , except for Kerian and Larut, Matang and Selama , as

609-520: The final nasals to alveolar nasal . The final nasals /- m / and /- ŋ / phonetically exist in certain environments. In other circumstances, the nasals are neutralized to [- n ] . This neutralizing rule operates only if the final nasals are directly preceded by / i / or / e / . In addition, the [ e ] and [ o ] are allophones of / i / and / u / in closed final syllables in general Malaysian phonology . Most of Malay dialects particularly in Malaysia are non-rhotic . Perak Malay

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638-609: The forest, so that my house is made wet; once a day and once a night it runs down the river and draws all the water after it, so that there is nothing left but mud, and my canoe is upset." The Perak River is the second-longest river in peninsular Malaysia . The source of Perak River is in the Perak– Kelantan – Thailand border tripoint near the Royal Belum State Park , in the Titiwangsa Mountains . To be exact,

667-534: The other Malay dialects, similar to inland Terengganu dialect . So as for the word mata (eye) which is shown by the phonemes /mat a / in Standard Malay, is pronounced as [mat ɛ ] in Perak Malay notably in central Perak region. It appears that Perak Malay has a vowel raising rule which changes word final /- a / vowel of Standard Malay to [- ɛ ] . Exception of this rule occurs for some words as shown in

696-491: The sub-dialects. The pattern /- ai̯ / transformed to [- aː ] is particularly restricted to some areas within the district of Perak Tengah. Typically in most villages in Parit and southward to Bota , this pattern is applied. While in the sub-districts of Kampung Gajah and northward to Lambor, the speakers tend to utter in the similar form as in Kuala Kangsar sub-dialect. There is a phonological rule in Perak Malay that neutralizes

725-536: The table below. This exception is regarded as common amongst most Malay dialects in the peninsula. As the prevalence of Perak Malay, the diphthongs presented by the graphemes - ai and - au are often articulated as varied forms of monophthongs . Still and all, diphthongization of monophthongs occurs in certain conditions instead. For instance, the final vowels sound /- i / and /- u / are articulated to some extent as diphthongs [- iy ] and [- uw ] respectively. The monophthongization patterns phonetically vary by

754-409: The type of Malay dialects used in Perak. Ismail Hussein (1973) classified the Malay dialects in Perak into five types segregated into five different areas. While Harun Mat Piah (1983) categorized them into six. Although Asmah Haji Omar (1985) divided the Malay dialects in Perak into five types, the specifications of the division did not coincide with that of Ismail's. Perak Malay is spoken throughout

783-437: The whole state except in the northwestern parts of Perak ( Kerian , Larut, Matang and Selama ), and a few parts of Manjung district including Pangkor Island where the northern dialect is predominantly spoken. In the northeastern part of Perak ( Hulu Perak ) and some parts of Selama and Kerian, the Malay people natively speak a distinct variant of Malay language which is most closely related to Kelantan-Pattani Malay and

812-626: Was coined from the word Council and Kuala means confluence of river. The Perak is mentioned in Rudyard Kipling 's story The Crab That Played with the Sea (published as one of the Just So Stories ). There, the man complains to his creator, the eldest magician, about the tides running into and out from the Perak: "Once a day and once a night the Sea runs up the Perak river and drives the sweet-water back into

841-407: Was the one who helped Malaya and eventually Malaysia become the largest rubber producer in the world. The tree still stands today. The first Malaysian scout troop was established in Kuala Kangsar. Consequently, its squad number is 001. Two bridges now connect Kuala Kangsar to Sayong . Sultan Abdul Jalil Shah Bridge is made out of concrete and located near the town while Sultan Iskandar Bridge

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