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90-692: The Sun News-Pictorial (known as The Sun ) was a morning daily tabloid newspaper published in Melbourne , Victoria , from 1922 until its merger in 1990 with The Herald to form the Herald-Sun . The Sun News-Pictorial was part of The Herald and Weekly Times stable of Melbourne newspapers. For more than fifty years it was the newspaper with the largest circulation in Australia . In 1930, more than 650,000 copies were sold each day. Along with its extensive coverage of Australian rules football (for example, it

180-414: A cash value up to its date of maturation. The owner can access the money in the cash value by withdrawing money, borrowing the cash value, or surrendering the policy and receiving the surrender value. The three basic types of permanent insurance are whole life , universal life , and endowment . Whole life insurance provides lifetime coverage for a set premium amount. Universal life insurance (ULl)

270-472: A $ 100,000 policy in the competitive US life insurance market. Most of the revenue received by insurance companies consists of premiums, but revenue from investing the premiums forms an important source of profit for most life insurance companies. Group insurance policies are an exception to this. In the United States, life insurance companies are never legally required to provide coverage to everyone, with

360-556: A badly needed technical upgrade of the newspaper's production. The Sun News-Pictorial became the highest-circulating daily in Australia, and at times the world, outselling its rivals three to one. One substantial reason for its high level of daily sales was that The Sun News-Pictorial offered a free life-insurance policy to each of those who subscribed for regular daily home delivery of the newspaper (i.e., rather than those who bought it occasionally from street vendors or newsagents), and

450-425: A baseline for the cost of insurance, but the health and family history of the individual applicant is also taken into account (except in the case of Group policies). This investigation and resulting evaluation is termed underwriting . Health and lifestyle questions are asked, with certain responses possibly meriting further investigation. Specific factors that may be considered by underwriters include: Based on

540-464: A broadsheet. Its sister publication, Meia Hora has always been a tabloid, but in slightly smaller format than O Dia and Lance! . The more recent usage of the term 'tabloid' refers to weekly or semi-weekly newspapers in tabloid format. Many of these are essentially straightforward newspapers, publishing in tabloid format, because subway and bus commuters prefer to read smaller-size newspapers due to lack of space. These newspapers are distinguished from

630-459: A certain age limit. Some policies also pay out in the case of critical illness. Policies are typically traditional with-profits or unit-linked (including those with unitized with-profits funds). Endowments can be cashed in early (or surrendered) and the holder then receives the surrender value which is determined by the insurance company depending on how long the policy has been running and how much has been paid into it. Accidental death insurance

720-452: A crowded commuter bus or train . The term compact was coined in the 1970s by the Daily Mail , one of the earlier newspapers to make the change, although it now once again calls itself a tabloid. The purpose behind this was to avoid the association of the word tabloid with the flamboyant, salacious editorial style of the red top newspaper. The early converts from broadsheet format made

810-818: A dedicated Mumbai tabloid newspaper, Mumbai Mirror , which gives prominence to Mumbai-related stories and issues. Tehelka started as a news portal in 2000. It broke the story about match-fixing in Indian and International Cricket and the sting operation on defence deals in the Indian Army. In 2007, it closed shop and reappeared in tabloid form, and has been appreciated for its brand of investigative journalism. Other popular tabloid newspapers in English media are Mid-Day , an afternoon newspaper published out of and dedicated to Mumbai and business newspapers like MINT . There are numerous tabloids in most of India's official languages. There

900-463: A life insurance company would have to collect approximately $ 50 a year from each participant to cover the relatively few expected claims. (0.35 to 0.66 expected deaths in each year × $ 100,000 payout per death = $ 35 per policy.) Other costs, such as administrative and sales expenses, also need to be considered when setting the premiums. A 10-year policy for a 25-year-old non-smoking male with preferred medical history may get offers as low as $ 90 per year for

990-405: A loan secured by real property and usually features a level premium amount for a declining policy face value because what is insured is the principal and interest outstanding on a mortgage that is constantly being reduced by mortgage payments. The face amount of the policy is always the amount of the principal and interest outstanding that are paid should the applicant die before the final installment

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1080-530: A newspaper for the British Columbia market. The Canadian publisher Black Press publishes newspapers in the provinces of British Columbia and Alberta in both tabloid ( 10 + 1 ⁄ 4  in (260 mm) wide by 14 + 1 ⁄ 2  in (368 mm) deep) and what it calls "tall tab" format, where the latter is 10 + 1 ⁄ 4  in (260 mm) wide by 16 + 1 ⁄ 4  in (413 mm) deep, larger than tabloid but smaller than

1170-405: A policy is the policy owner, while the insured is the person whose death will trigger payment of the death benefit. The owner and insured may or may not be the same person. For example, if Joe buys a policy on his own life, he is both the owner and the insured. But if Jane, his wife, buys a policy on Joe's life, she is the owner and he is the insured. The policy owner is the guarantor and they will be

1260-441: A profit. The cost of insurance is determined using mortality tables calculated by actuaries . Mortality tables are statistically based tables showing expected annual mortality rates of people at different ages. As people are more likely to die as they get older, the mortality tables enable insurance companies to calculate the risk and increase premiums with age accordingly. Such estimates can be important in taxation regulation. In

1350-762: A similar fund in 1769. Between 1787 and 1837 more than two dozen life insurance companies were started, but fewer than half a dozen survived. In the 1870s, military officers banded together to found both the Army ( AAFMAA ) and the Navy Mutual Aid Association (Navy Mutual), inspired by the plight of widows and orphans left stranded in the West after the Battle of the Little Big Horn , and of the families of U.S. sailors who died at sea. The person responsible for making payments for

1440-553: Is Bulgar , but some are written in English, like the People's Journal and Tempo . Like their common journalistic connotations, Philippine tabloids usually report sensationalist crime stories and celebrity gossip, and some tabloids feature topless photos of girls. Several tabloids are vernacular counterparts of English broadsheet newspapers by the same publisher, like Pilipino Star Ngayon ( The Philippine Star ), Bandera ( Philippine Daily Inquirer ), and Balita ( Manila Bulletin ). In

1530-609: Is a newspaper with a compact page size smaller than broadsheet . There is no standard size for this newspaper format . The word tabloid comes from the name given by the London -based pharmaceutical company Burroughs Wellcome & Co. to the compressed tablets they marketed as "Tabloid" pills in the late 1880s. The connotation of tabloid was soon applied to other small compressed items. A 1902 item in London's Westminster Gazette noted, "The proprietor intends to give in tabloid form all

1620-653: Is a relatively new insurance product, intended to combine permanent insurance coverage with greater flexibility in premium payments, along with the potential for greater growth of cash values. There are several types of universal life insurance policies, including interest-sensitive (also known as "traditional fixed universal life insurance"), variable universal life (VUL) , guaranteed death benefit , and has equity-indexed universal life insurance . Universal life insurance policies have cash values. Paid-in premiums increase their cash values; administrative and other costs reduce their cash values. Universal life insurance addresses

1710-565: Is a type of limited life insurance that is designed to cover the insured should they die as a result of an accident. "Accidents" run the gamut from abrasions to catastrophes but normally do not include deaths resulting from non-accident-related health problems or suicide. Because they only cover accidents, these policies are much less expensive than other life insurance policies. Such insurance can also be accidental death and dismemberment insurance or AD&D . In an AD&D policy, benefits are available not only for accidental death but also for

1800-520: Is an all youth tabloid by the name of TILT – The ILIKE Times. In Indonesia, tabloids include Bola, GO (Gema Olahraga, defunct), Soccer (defunct), Fantasy (defunct), Buletin Sinetron (defunct), Pro TV (defunct), Citra (defunct), Genie , Bintang Indonesia (Indonesian Stars) , Nyata , Wanita Indonesia (Women of Indonesia), Cek and Ricek , and Nova . In Oman, TheWeek is a free, 48-page, all-colour, independent weekly published from Muscat in

1890-784: Is any coverage that determines benefits based on actual losses whereas "assurance" is coverage with predetermined benefits irrespective of the losses incurred. Life insurance may be divided into two basic classes: temporary and permanent; or the following subclasses: term, universal, whole life , and endowment life insurance. Term assurance provides life insurance coverage for a specified term (usually 10–30 years). Term life insurance policies do not accumulate cash value, but are significantly less expensive than permanent life insurance policies with equivalent face amounts. Policyholders can save to provide for increased term premiums or decrease insurance needs (by paying off debts or saving to provide for survivor needs). Mortgage life insurance insures

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1980-519: Is circulated mostly among blue-collar labourers . Compact tabloids, just like broadsheet - and Berliner -format newspapers, span the political spectrum from progressive to conservative and from capitalist to socialist . In Morocco , Maroc Soir , launched in November 2005, is published in tabloid format. In South Africa , the Bloemfontein-based daily newspaper Volksblad became

2070-439: Is paid. Group life insurance (also known as wholesale life insurance or institutional life insurance ) is term insurance covering a group of people, usually employees of a company, members of a union or association, or members of a pension or superannuation fund. Individual proof of insurability is not normally a consideration in its underwriting. Rather, the underwriter considers the size, turnover, and financial strength of

2160-432: Is reserved only for the healthiest individuals in the general population. This may mean, that the proposed insured has no adverse medical history, is not under medication, and has no family history of early-onset cancer , diabetes , or other conditions. Preferred means that the proposed insured is currently under medication and has a family history of particular illnesses. Most people are in the standard category. People in

2250-410: Is typically determined at the time the policy is purchased, and it is based on factors such as the policyholder's age, health, and occupation. The death benefit is only payable if the policyholder dies while the policy is in effect. If the policyholder outlives the policy, the death benefit is not paid, and the policy will typically expire. Some policies may allow the policyholder to receive a portion of

2340-626: The Boston Herald . US tabloids that ceased publication include Denver's Rocky Mountain News . In Australia , tabloids include The Advertiser , the Herald Sun , The Sun-Herald , The Daily Telegraph , The Courier Mail , The West Australian , The Mercury , the Hamilton Spectator , The Portland Observer , The Casterton News and The Melbourne Observer . In Argentina , one of

2430-520: The Daily Star and the Daily Mirror . Although not using red mastheads, the Daily Mail and Daily Express also use the 'tabloid journalism' model. In contrast to red-top tabloids, compacts use an editorial style more closely associated with broadsheet newspapers. In fact, most compact tabloids formerly used the broadsheet paper size, but changed to accommodate reading in tight spaces, such as on

2520-925: The New York Post , the Daily News and Newsday in New York, the San Francisco Examiner , The Bakersfield Californian and La Opinión in California , The Jersey Journal and The Trentonian in New Jersey, the Philadelphia Daily News , the Delaware County Daily Times and The Citizens' Voice , The Burlington Free Press , The Oregonian , the Chicago Sun-Times , and

2610-487: The asset-management industry, and life insurers have diversified their product offerings into retirement products such as annuities . Life-based contracts tend to fall into two major categories: An early form of life insurance dates to Ancient Rome ; "burial clubs" covered the cost of members' funeral expenses and assisted survivors financially. In 1816, an archeological excavation in Minya, Egypt (under an Eyalet of

2700-594: The Berliner format (2008–2013) and now adopts a compact format with 32 pages during the week and 48 pages on Saturday. In Bangladesh , the Daily Manab Zamin became the first and is now the largest circulated Bengali language tabloid in the world. In Georgia , the weekly English-language newspaper The Financial switched to a compact format in 2005 and doubled the number of pages in each issue. Other Georgian-language newspapers have tested compact formats in

2790-716: The Eastern Roman Empire . The earliest known life insurance policy was made in Royal Exchange, London on 18 June 1583. A Richard Martin insured a William Gybbons, paying thirteen merchants 30 pounds for 400 if the insured dies within one year. The first company to offer life insurance in modern times was the Amicable Society for a Perpetual Assurance Office , founded in London in 1706 by William Talbot and Sir Thomas Allen . Each member made an annual payment per share on one to three shares with consideration to age of

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2880-677: The Mutual Benefit Life Insurance Company , submitted an article to the Journal of the Institute of Actuaries detailing an historical account of a Severan dynasty -era life table compiled by the Roman jurist Ulpian in approximately 220 AD during the reign of Elagabalus (218–222) that was included in the Digesta seu Pandectae (533) codification ordered by Justinian I (527–565) of

2970-646: The Netherlands , several newspapers have started publishing tabloid versions of their newspapers, including one of the major 'quality' newspapers, NRC Handelsblad , with nrc•next (ceased 2021) in 2006. Two free tabloid newspapers were also introduced in the early 2000s, ' Metro and Sp!ts (ceased 2014), mostly for distribution in public transportation. In 2007, a third and fourth free tabloid appeared, ' De Pers ' (ceased 2012) and ' DAG ' (ceased 2008). De Telegraaf , came in broadsheet but changed to tabloid in 2014. In Norway , close to all newspapers have switched from

3060-526: The Nice Matin (or Le Dauphiné ), a popular Southern France newspaper changed from Broadsheet to Tabloid on 8 April 2006. They changed the printing format in one day after test results showed that 74% liked the Tabloid format compared to Broadsheet. But the most famous tabloid dealing with crime stories is Le Nouveau Détective , created in the early 20th century. This weekly tabloid has a national circulation. In

3150-739: The Ottoman Empire ) produced a Nerva–Antonine dynasty -era tablet from the ruins of the Temple of Antinous in Antinoöpolis , Aegyptus that prescribed the rules and membership dues of a burial society collegium established in Lanuvium , Italia in approximately 133 AD during the reign of Hadrian (117–138) of the Roman Empire . In 1851, future U.S. Supreme Court Associate Justice Joseph P. Bradley (1870–1892), once employed as an actuary for

3240-475: The Southern Philippines , a new weekly tabloid, The Mindanao Examiner , now includes media services, such as photography and video production, into its line as a source to finance the high cost of printing and other expenses. It is also into independent film making. The Berliner format, used by many prominent European newspapers, is sized between the tabloid and the broadsheet. In a newspaper context,

3330-498: The 1980s and 1990s, the SOA 1975-80 Basic Select & Ultimate tables were the typical reference points, while the 2001 VBT and 2001 CSO tables were published more recently. As well as the basic parameters of age and gender, the newer tables include separate mortality tables for smokers and non-smokers, and the CSO tables include separate tables for preferred classes. The mortality tables provide

3420-493: The CQV for the proceeds), was found liable in court for contributing to the wrongful death of the victim ( Liberty National Life v. Weldon , 267 Ala.171 (1957)). Special exclusions may apply, such as suicide clauses, whereby the policy becomes null and void if the insured dies by suicide within a specified time (usually two years after the purchase date; some states provide a statutory one-year suicide clause). Any misrepresentations by

3510-658: The Directors tried to ensure that policyholders received a fair return on their investments. Premiums were regulated according to age, and anybody could be admitted regardless of their state of health and other circumstances. The sale of life insurance in the U.S. began in the 1760s. The Presbyterian Synods in Philadelphia and New York City created the Corporation for Relief of Poor and Distressed Widows and Children of Presbyterian Ministers in 1759; Episcopalian priests organized

3600-508: The HWT, by which time The Sun News-Pictorial was on its way to becoming Australia's highest-selling newspaper. An early editor who has been given much of the credit for the paper's success was Lloyd Dumas . The Sun News-Pictorial 's main competitors were the broadsheets The Argus and The Age . The Argus was a morning daily newspaper in Melbourne, published since 1846 and considered to be

3690-570: The Sultanate of Oman. Oman's first free newspaper was launched in March 2003 and has now gone on to gather what is believed to be the largest readership for any publication in Oman. Ms Mohana Prabhakar is the managing editor of the publication. TheWeek is audited by BPA Worldwide, which has certified its circulation as being a weekly average of 50,300. In Pakistan, Khabrain is a tabloid newspaper popular within

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3780-466: The US population male mortality rates of 1.3 per 1,000 at age 25 and 19.3 at age 65 (without regard to health or smoking status). Upon the insured's death, the insurer requires acceptable proof of death before it pays the claim. If the insured's death is suspicious and the policy amount is large, the insurer may investigate the circumstances surrounding the death before deciding whether it has an obligation to pay

3870-482: The above and additional factors, applicants will be placed into one of several classes of health ratings which will determine the premium paid in exchange for insurance at that particular carrier. Life insurance companies in the United States support the Medical Information Bureau (MIB), which is a clearing house of information on persons who have applied for life insurance with participating companies in

3960-439: The agreement of the original beneficiary. In cases where the policy owner is not the insured (also referred to as the celui qui vit or CQV), insurance companies have sought to limit policy purchases to those with an insurable interest in the CQV. For life insurance policies, close family members and business partners will usually be found to have an insurable interest. The insurable interest requirement usually demonstrates that

4050-570: The black working class. It sells over 500,000 copies per day, reaching approximately 3,000,000 readers. Besides offering a sometimes satirical view of the seriousness of mainstream news, the Daily Sun also covers fringe theories and paranormal claims such as tikoloshes , ancestral visions and all things supernatural. It is also published as the Sunday Sun . In Mauritius , the popular afternoon newspaper Le Mauricien shifted from tabloid (1908–2008) to

4140-576: The broadsheet to the tabloid format, which measures 280 x 400 mm. The three biggest newspapers are Dagbladet , VG , and Aftenposten . In Poland , the newspaper Fakt , sometimes Super Express is considered as tabloid. In the United Kingdom, three previously broadsheet daily newspapers— The Times , The Scotsman and The Guardian —have switched to tabloid size in recent years, and two— Daily Express and Daily Mail —in former years, although The Times and The Scotsman call

4230-729: The broadsheets it also publishes. In the United States , daily tabloids date back to the founding of the New York Daily News in 1919, followed by the New York Daily Mirror , and the New York Evening Graphic in the 1920s. Competition among those three for crime, sex and celebrity news was considered a scandal to the mainstream press of the day. The tabloid format is used by a number of respected and indeed prize-winning American papers. Prominent U.S. tabloids include

4320-590: The change in the 1970s; two British papers that took this step at the time were the Daily Mail and the Daily Express . In 2003, The Independent also made the change for the same reasons, quickly followed by The Scotsman and The Times . On the other hand, The Morning Star had always used the tabloid size, but stands in contrast to both the red top papers and the former broadsheets; although The Morning Star emphasizes hard news , it embraces socialism and

4410-523: The chief official—the earliest known reference to the position as a business concern. The first modern actuary was William Morgan , who served from 1775 to 1830. In 1776 the Society carried out the first actuarial valuation of liabilities and subsequently distributed the first reversionary bonus (1781) and interim bonus (1809) among its members. It also used regular valuations to balance competing interests. The Society sought to treat its members equitably and

4500-403: The claim. Payment from the policy may be as a lump sum or as an annuity , which is paid in regular installments for either a specified period or for the beneficiary's lifetime . Death benefits are the primary feature of life insurance policies, and they provide a lump sum payment to the beneficiaries of the policyholder in the event of the policyholder's death. The amount of the death benefit

4590-517: The country's two main newspapers, Clarín , is a tabloid. In Brazil , many newspapers are tabloids, including sports daily Lance! (which circulates in cities such as Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo ), most publications currently and formerly owned by Grupo RBS (especially the Porto Alegre daily Zero Hora ), and, in March 2009, Rio de Janeiro-based O Dia switched to tabloid from broadsheet, though, several years later, it reverted to being

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4680-491: The development of modern life insurance. James Dodson , a mathematician and actuary, tried to establish a new company aimed at correctly offsetting the risks of long-term life assurance policies, after being refused admission to the Amicable Life Assurance Society because of his advanced age. He was unsuccessful in his attempts at procuring a charter from the government . His disciple, Edward Rowe Mores ,

4770-544: The early 1990s. Tabloid journalism is still an evolving concept in India's print media. The first tabloid, Blitz was started by Russi Karanjia on February 1, 1941 with the words "Our Blitz, India's Blitz against Hitler !". Blitz was first published in English and then branched out with Hindi , Marathi and Urdu versions. In 1974, Russi's daughter Rita founded the Cine Blitz magazine. In 2005, Times of India brought out

4860-498: The exception of Civil Rights Act compliance requirements. Insurance companies alone determine insurability, and some people are deemed uninsurable. The policy can be declined or rated (increasing the premium amount to compensate for the higher risk), and the amount of the premium will be proportional to the face value of the policy. Many companies separate applicants into four general categories. These categories are preferred best , preferred , standard , and tobacco . Preferred best

4950-410: The first serious broadsheet newspaper to switch to tabloid, but only on Saturdays. Despite the format being popular with its readers, the newspaper remains broadsheet on weekdays. This is also true of Pietermaritzburg's daily, The Witness in the province of KwaZulu-Natal . The Daily Sun , published by Naspers , has since become South Africa's biggest-selling daily newspaper and is aimed primarily at

5040-582: The format " compact " to avoid the down-market connotation of the word tabloid . Similarly, when referring to the down-market tabloid newspapers the alternative term " red-top " (referring to their traditionally red-coloured mastheads) is increasingly used, to distinguish them from the up- and middle-market compact newspapers. The Morning Star also comes in tabloid format; however, it avoids celebrity stories, and instead favours issues relating to labour unions . In Canada many newspapers of Postmedia 's Sun brand are in tabloid format including The Province ,

5130-443: The general Australian newspaper of record for this period. Widely known as a conservative newspaper for most of its history, it adopted a left -leaning approach in 1949, and after twenty years of financial losses, closed on 19 January 1957. The other competitor over the life of the newspaper was the more liberal -minded The Age , a daily newspaper that had been published in Melbourne since 1854. David Syme became sole proprietor of

5220-427: The group. Contract provisions will attempt to exclude the possibility of adverse selection . Group life insurance often allows members exiting the group to maintain their coverage by buying individual coverage. The underwriting is carried out for the whole group instead of individuals. Permanent life insurance is life insurance that covers the remaining lifetime of the insured. A permanent insurance policy accumulates

5310-401: The insurance policy (valued at somewhere near 12 months' average wages) was current for the duration of that household's subscription. The Sun News-Pictorial ceased publication on 6 October 1990 and merged with sister evening newspaper The Herald to form the Herald-Sun , which contained columns and features from both of its predecessors. Tabloid (newspaper format) A tabloid

5400-410: The insured on the application may also be grounds for nullification. Most US states, for example, specify a maximum contestability period, often no more than two years. Only if the insured dies within this period will the insurer have a legal right to contest the claim on the basis of misrepresentation and request additional information before deciding whether to pay or deny the claim. The face amount of

5490-487: The last seven years. As part of the application, the insurer often requires the applicant's permission to obtain information from their physicians. Automated Life Underwriting is a technology solution which is designed to perform all or some of the screening functions traditionally completed by underwriters, and thus seeks to reduce the work effort, time and data necessary to underwrite a life insurance application. These systems allow point of sale distribution and can shorten

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5580-558: The loss of limbs or body functions such as sight and hearing. Accidental death and AD&D policies pay actual benefits only very rarely, either because the cause of death is not covered by the policy or because death occurs well after the accident, by which time the premiums have gone unpaid. Various AD&D policies have different terms and exclusions. Risky activities such as parachuting, flying, professional sports, or military service are often omitted from coverage. Accidental death insurance can also supplement standard life insurance as

5670-479: The lower middle class. This news group introduced a new paper, Naya Akhbar which is comparably more sensational. At the local level, many sensational tabloids can be seen but, unlike Khabrain or other big national newspapers, they are distributed only on local levels in districts. Tabloids in the Philippines are usually written in local languages, like Tagalog or Bisaya , one of the listed top Tagalog tabloids

5760-400: The major daily newspapers, in that they purport to offer an "alternative" viewpoint, either in the sense that the paper's editors are more locally oriented, or that the paper is editorially independent from major media conglomerates. Other factors that distinguish "alternative" weekly tabloids from the major daily newspapers are their less-frequent publication, and that they are usually free to

5850-436: The members being twelve to fifty-five. At the end of the year a portion of the "amicable contribution" was divided among the wives and children of deceased members, in proportion to the number of shares the heirs owned. The Amicable Society started with 2000 members. The first life table was written by Edmund Halley in 1693, but it was only in the 1750s that the necessary mathematical and statistical tools were in place for

5940-522: The news printed by other journals." Thus tabloid journalism in 1901, originally meant a paper that condensed stories into a simplified, easily absorbed format. The term preceded the 1918 reference to smaller sheet newspapers that contained the condensed stories. Tabloid newspapers, especially in the United Kingdom , vary widely in their target market, political alignment, editorial style, and circulation. Thus, various terms have been coined to describe

6030-449: The newspapers will draw their advertising revenue from different types of businesses or services. An upmarket weekly's advertisers are often organic grocers, boutiques, and theatre companies while a downmarket's may have those of trade schools, supermarkets, and the sex industry. Both usually contain ads from local bars, auto dealers, movie theaters, and a classified ads section. Life insurance Life policies are legal contracts and

6120-427: The paper in 1891, and he built it up into Victoria's leading newspaper, soon overtaking its rivals The Herald and The Argus . By 1890 it was selling 100,000 copies a day, making it one of the world's most successful newspapers, but Syme's will prevented the sale of any equity in the paper during his sons' lifetimes, which had the unintended consequence of starving the paper of investment capital for 40 years; The Age

6210-403: The paper, he modernised its appearance and standards of news coverage by removing classified advertisements from the front page and introducing photographs long after other papers had done so. In 1948, realising the paper needed outside the capital, Oswald persuaded the courts to overturn his father's will and floated David Syme and Co. as a public company, selling £400,000 worth of shares to enable

6300-448: The perceived disadvantages of whole life—namely that premiums and death benefits are fixed. With universal life, both the premiums and death benefit are flexible. With the exception of guaranteed-death-benefit universal life policies, universal life policies trade their greater flexibility for fewer guarantees. "Flexible death benefit" means the policy owner can choose to decrease the death benefit. The death benefit can also be increased by

6390-504: The person to pay for the policy. The insured is a participant in the contract, but not necessarily a party to it. The beneficiary receives policy proceeds upon the insured person's death. The owner designates the beneficiary, but the beneficiary is not a party to the policy. The owner can change the beneficiary unless the policy has an irrevocable beneficiary designation. If a policy has an irrevocable beneficiary, any beneficiary changes, policy assignments, or cash value borrowing would require

6480-435: The personal lives of celebrities and sports stars, and junk food news . Celebrity gossip columns which appear in red top tabloids and focus on their sexual practices , misuse of narcotics , and the private aspects of their lives often border on, and sometimes cross the line of defamation . Red tops tend to be written with a simplistic, straightforward vocabulary and grammar; their layout usually gives greater prominence to

6570-460: The picture than to the word. The writing style of red top tabloids is often accused of sensationalism and extreme political bias; red tops have been accused of deliberately igniting controversy and selectively reporting on attention-grabbing stories, or those with shock value . In the extreme case, tabloids have been accused of lying or misrepresenting the truth to increase circulation. Examples of British red top newspapers include The Sun ,

6660-440: The policy is the initial amount that the policy will pay at the death of the insured or when the policy matures , although the actual death benefit can provide for greater or lesser than the face amount. The policy matures when the insured dies or reaches a specified age (such as 100 years old). The insurance company calculates the policy prices (premiums) at a level sufficient to fund claims, cover administrative costs, and provide

6750-420: The policy owner, usually requiring new underwriting. Another feature of flexible death benefit is the ability to choose option A or option B death benefits and to change those options over the course of the life of the insured. Option A is often referred to as a "level death benefit"; death benefits remain level for the life of the insured, and premiums are lower than policies with Option B death benefits, which pay

6840-458: The policy's cash value—i.e., a face amount plus earnings/interest. If the cash value grows over time, the death benefits do too. If the cash value declines, the death benefit also declines. Option B policies normally feature higher premiums than option A policies. The endowment policy is a life insurance contract designed to pay a lump sum after a specific term (on its 'maturity') or on death. Typical maturities are ten, fifteen, or twenty years up to

6930-541: The premiums paid if they outlive the policy. The specific uses of the terms "insurance" and "assurance" are sometimes confused. In general, in jurisdictions where both terms are used, "insurance" refers to providing coverage for an event that might happen (fire, theft, flood, etc.), while "assurance" is the provision of coverage for an event that is certain to happen. In the United States, both forms of coverage are called "insurance" for reasons of simplicity in companies selling both products. By some definitions, "insurance"

7020-506: The proprietor of the Sydney Sun tried to break into the Melbourne market in 1922 with the launch of The Evening Sun and The Sun News-Pictorial , Murdoch fought a long campaign which eventually resulted in the formation of The Herald and Weekly Times ( HWT ), with the circulation of The Herald up by 50%, taking over the two tabloids in 1925. Murdoch closed the afternoon rival The Evening Sun . In 1928, Murdoch became managing director of

7110-449: The purchaser will actually suffer some kind of loss if the CQV dies. Such a requirement prevents people from benefiting from the purchase of purely speculative policies on people they expect to die. With no insurable interest requirement, the risk that a purchaser would murder the CQV for insurance proceeds would be great. In at least one case, an insurance company that sold a policy to a purchaser with no insurable interest (who later murdered

7200-617: The subtypes of this versatile paper format. There are, broadly, two main types of tabloid newspaper: red top and compact . The distinction is largely of editorial style; both red top and compact tabloids span the width of the political spectrum from socialism to capitalist conservatism , although red-top tabloids, on account of their historically working-class target market, generally embrace populism to some degree. Red top tabloids are so named due to their tendency, in British and Commonwealth usage, to have their mastheads printed in red ink;

7290-517: The term Berliner is generally used only to describe size, not to refer to other qualities of the publication. The biggest tabloid (and newspaper in general) in Europe, by circulation, is Germany's Bild , with around 2.5 million copies (down from above 5 million in the 1980s). Although its paper size is bigger, its style was copied from the British tabloids. In Denmark , tabloids in the British sense are known as 'formiddagsblade' (before-noon newspapers),

7380-445: The term compact was coined to avoid the connotation of the word tabloid , which implies a red top tabloid, and has lent its name to tabloid journalism , which is journalism after the fashion of red top reporters. Red top tabloids, named after their distinguishing red mastheads , employ a form of writing known as tabloid journalism ; this style emphasizes features such as sensational crime stories, astrology, gossip columns about

7470-526: The terms of each contract describe the limitations of the insured events. Often, specific exclusions written into the contract limit the liability of the insurer; common examples include claims relating to suicide , fraud, war, riot, and civil commotion. Difficulties may arise where an event is not clearly defined, for example, the insured knowingly incurred a risk by consenting to an experimental medical procedure or by taking medication resulting in injury or death. Modern life insurance bears some similarity to

7560-423: The time frame for issuance from weeks or even months to hours or minutes, depending on the amount of insurance being purchased. The mortality of underwritten persons rises much more quickly than the general population. At the end of 10 years, the mortality of that 25-year-old, non-smoking male is 0.66/1000/year. Consequently, in a group of one thousand 25-year-old males with a $ 100,000 policy, all of average health,

7650-407: The tobacco category typically have to pay higher premiums due to higher mortality. Recent US mortality tables predict that roughly 0.35 in 1,000 non-smoking males aged 25 will die during the first year of a policy. Mortality approximately doubles for every additional ten years of age, so the mortality rate in the first year for non-smoking men is about 2.5 in 1,000 people at age 65. Compare this with

7740-503: The two biggest being BT and Ekstra Bladet . The old more serious newspaper Berlingske Tidende shifted from broadsheet to tabloid format in 2006, while keeping the news profile intact. In Finland , the biggest newspaper and biggest daily subscription newspaper in the Nordic countries Helsingin Sanomat changed its size from broadsheet to tabloid on 8 January 2013. In France ,

7830-487: The user, since they rely on ad revenue. Alternative weekly tabloids may concentrate on local and neighbourhood-level issues, and on entertainment in bars, theatres, or other such venues. Alternative tabloids can be positioned as upmarket (quality) newspapers, to appeal to the better-educated, higher-income sector of the market; as middle-market (popular); or as downmarket (sensational) newspapers, which emphasize sensational crime stories and celebrity gossip. In each case,

7920-467: Was able to establish the Society for Equitable Assurances on Lives and Survivorship in 1762. It was the world's first mutual insurer and it pioneered age based premiums based on mortality rate laying "the framework for scientific insurance practice and development" and "the basis of modern life assurance upon which all life assurance schemes were subsequently based". Mores also gave the name actuary to

8010-693: Was responsible for the competition that produced the original VFL/AFL team songs), The Sun News-Pictorial distinguished itself with its photography, columns, and cartoons. Its longest-running column was "A Place in the Sun", originally written by Keith Dunstan , founder of the Anti-Football League , and later Graeme "Jacko" Johnstone. The award-winning cartoonist Jeff Hook became the full-time cartoonist for The Sun News-Pictorial in 1964. Keith Murdoch became editor-in-chief of The Herald in January 1921. When

8100-505: Was unable to modernise, and gradually lost market share to The Argus and The Sun News-Pictorial , with only its classified advertisement sections keeping the paper profitable. By the 1940s, the paper's circulation was lower than it had been in 1900, and its political influence had also declined to the extent that while it remained more liberal than the extremely conservative Argus , it lost much of its distinct political identity. After David Syme's last surviving son, Oswald Syme, took over

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