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108-475: As of 2005, the size of the global strip club industry was estimated to be US$ 75 billion. In 2019, the size of the U.S. strip club industry was estimated to be US$ 8 billion, generating 19% of the total gross revenue in legal adult entertainment . SEC filings and state liquor control records available at that time indicated that there were at least 3,862 strip clubs in the United States, and since that time,

216-530: A Japanese Scene , in 1891. They became popular for community events and festivals, very often using children, who might parade before settling into a tableau for the audience and a camera. Before radio , film and television , tableaux vivants were popular forms of entertainment, even in American frontier towns. Before the age of color reproduction of images, the tableau was sometimes used to recreate artworks on stage, based on an etching or sketch of

324-436: A permit may be required to be compliant with local ordinances . Novelty acts are typically performed by feature dancers or by select house dancers during a featured performance. Shower shows require special equipment, so they are more likely to have a dedicated stage in the club with house dancers performing in the show. Optional staging can be present on the main floor or in dedicated rooms throughout larger clubs. A full bar

432-474: A "disrobing" act onstage as early as 1896, which was captured in the 1901 Edison film, Trapeze Disrobing Act . Another milestone for modern American striptease was the possibly legendary show at Minsky's Burlesque in April 1925: The Night They Raided Minsky's. The Minsky brothers brought burlesque to New York's 42nd Street . However, the burlesque theatres there were prohibited from having striptease performances in

540-436: A certain amount of time or dances, for stage performances and any private sessions. Satellite staging includes one or more areas where a stripper can perform other than a main stage and private dances. Larger clubs can have elaborate staging layouts with multiple stage areas distributed around a club and multiple dancers rotating between them per song. Some strip clubs consider ad hoc performances on satellite stages, paid for by

648-404: A customer on a per song basis, a form of private dance . Rules at the satellite stages on the main floor tend to be the same as the main stage . In some cases, the layout is significantly different, allowing more or less access to the customer. If a satellite stage is located in a premium access zone , access to the dancer could be considerably greater since the higher level of service can include

756-437: A dancer privately dances and strips for a customer, typically without a barrier, performances can also be done with or without a formal stage or music. Private dances in the main club zones most often take the form of table dances , lap and couch dances , and bed dances among others. An air dance is a particular form of private dance where little-to-no contact between the dancer and customer occurs. This class of dance spans

864-499: A female model through a hole from their own private cubicles, and then pay to watch her strip, pose, and masturbate . Kabukichō , a red light district in Tokyo, had 13 nozoki-beya in the early 1980s. The sex industry became so pervasive in Asia that by the 1990s, Kabukichō was described as a "warren of peep shows, strip clubs, and massage parlors" and Bangkok, Thailand , attained a reputation as

972-400: A fixed sequence that repeats during a shift. Less formal clubs will have dancers take turns when a stage becomes empty or have a free flow of entertainers where the stage has any number of entertainers who wander off and on at will. Featured entertainers are not usually part of the rotation and they generally have set times when they will perform that are advertised throughout the shift. If a DJ

1080-474: A form still dominates the art photography market. As Fried notes: "Arguably the most decisive development in the rise of the new art photography has been the emergence, starting in the late 1970s and gaining impetus in the 1980s and after, of what the French critic Jean-François Chevrier has called the " tableau form" (p. 143). However, there appears to be only a handful of young, emerging artists working within

1188-413: A legal ruling of 1937, leading to the later decline of these " grindhouses " (named after the bump 'n grind entertainment on offer) into venues for exploitation cinema. The concept of "strippers", as we know it today with the pole dance, has been popularized in the United States in 1972. British Columbia followed the lead around 1978. Widespread bans on striptease had a direct influence on the creation of

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1296-632: A less restrictive policy than enforced on the main floor . Lap dance , peep show , and lingerie modeling clubs might only have satellite stages with pay to play entertainment options on their premises. Novelty acts (such as shower shows, fire shows , and oil wrestling ) can be presented on dedicated stages, temporary staging on the floor, or on the main stage itself depending on the club. The main stage, if used, must be prepared and possibly covered to prevent damage, as accidents and injuries have been reported during these types of striptease performances. When dangerous materials such as fire are used as props,

1404-475: A movement with its roots in Aestheticism , which already made heavy use of the tableau as a non-theatrical visual art style. Pictorialism, according to Jeff Wall could be seen as an attempt by photographers to imitate painting (perhaps unsuccessfully): Pictorialist photography was dazzled by the spectacle of Western painting and attempted, to some extent, to imitate it in acts of pure composition. Lacking

1512-410: A nation governed by very strict cultural norms and laws, there are several Indian strip clubs offering at least partial nudity. Dancers may tie their state of undress to the number of songs played. This could correspond to a bikini performance for song one and topless for the second. In a fully nude club, the sequence could be topless-to-nude over two songs, or any one of a number of other variations. In

1620-621: A nationwide and eventually worldwide basis. A further development in the American tradition took place with the emergence of upscale " gentlemen's clubs " in the early 1990s in large cities such as New York. Scores New York was the first major gentlemen's club, with "a gorgeous interior, high-end food and drinks, and of course stunningly beautiful women in sexy gowns. Prior to that, live adult entertainment in New York consisted largely of seedy peep show-type places", according to adult industry veteran Joe Diamond. San Francisco's Lusty Lady became known in

1728-490: A painting. This could be done as an amateur venture in a drawing room, or as a more professionally produced series of tableaux presented on a theatre stage, one following another, usually to tell a story without requiring all the usual trappings and production of a full theatre performance. They thus influenced the form taken by later Victorian and Edwardian era magic lantern shows, and perhaps also sequential narrative comic strips (which first appeared in modern form in

1836-413: A private dance if the customer wishes, at an additional fee. VIP seating can also act as lap dance booths, where a higher lap dance price would apply than in the general area. Industry (economics) In macroeconomics , an industry is a branch of an economy that produces a closely related set of raw materials , goods , or services . For example, one might refer to the wood industry or to

1944-421: A quick and easy form of amateur dramatics that could be brought together in an evening, and required little skill in acting or speaking. They were also popular for various sorts of community events and parades. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, there was also a type of tableau used in the professional theatre, taking advantage of the extra latitude the law allowed for the display of nudity so long as

2052-421: A quirk of English law, nudity on the stage was not permitted unless the performers remained motionless while the stage curtains were open; the situation in locations in the United States was often similar. In the early years of the 20th century, performers took advantage of this exception to stage "plastic representations", as they were sometimes called, centring on nudity. The most persistent performer in this line

2160-562: A revival in the form. Initially photography was expensive, and the form flourished in the English country house parties of the rich. Queen Victoria was an early adopter (only taking the part of the audience herself). In the mid-1850s the actors were her children, who performed tableaux for their parents 14th wedding anniversary in 1854. By the 1890s the settings had become very elaborate, as when her third son Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn , his wife and their three children posed for

2268-487: A rope or other physical marker. Most entertainment takes place in the main floor area, and this is where performers and staff can interact with patrons. Customers get comfortable in this area and from their observations, they decide which club services they will use. The main stage is visible from the main floor, and the main bar is accessible, if one is present. Patrons can usually select from open seating and some clubs will have staff to assist with seating. If premium seating

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2376-442: A single room, with an improvised stage for the striptease show. Many clubs have more than the basic amenities . Larger clubs have clearer designations of areas. The different areas within a club could be separated by a physical step, built-in railing, platforms and levels, doorways, distinct rooms, and entirely separate floors, and they can also be formed by different carpeting, placement of seating, or physical implements such as

2484-442: A smaller gap between the two revenue sources relative to VCGH. Upscale clubs that offer food can have free-standing or built-in bars for buffet service. Otherwise, food orders might be taken at the main bar or by waitstaff. Consumption of alcohol is often facilitated via direct sales in strip clubs where such sales are legal, appropriately zoned , and licensed . Some clubs that are not licensed to serve alcohol will work around

2592-564: A spy by the French authorities during World War I, was an overnight success from the debut of her act at the Musée Guimet . The most celebrated segment of her act was her progressive shedding of clothing until she wore just a jeweled bra and some ornaments over her arms and head. Another landmark performance was the appearance at the Moulin Rouge, in 1907, of an actress called Germaine Aymos, who entered dressed only in three very small shells. In

2700-519: A tiny niche market and get mostly re-classified into another industry using new techniques. At the same time, entirely new industries may branch off from older ones once a significant market becomes apparent (as the semiconductor industry became distinguished from the wider electronics industry ). Industry classification is valuable for economic analysis because it leads to largely distinct categories with simple relationships. Through these classifications, economists are able to compare companies within

2808-429: A wide variety of national and local laws. These laws vary considerably around the world, and even between different parts of the same country. Striptease involves a slow, sensuous undressing. The stripper may prolong the undressing by making sure that the sensual build-up has been properly done using techniques such as the wearing of actual clothes or putting clothes or hands in front of just undressed body parts such as

2916-552: A wider popular celebrity, may receive complimentary services according to their reputation with the club personnel. VIP seating adjacent to the main floor is often more comfortable. For example, arm chairs or couches may be provided, and may include booths with service tables. The area typically has a clear line of sight to the main stage. Reserve seating gives a customer a sense of importance and demonstrates prestige. In higher-end clubs, VIP seating might include balconies and other overlooks, which might also include smaller stages for

3024-466: A woman slowly removing her clothes in a vain search for a flea crawling on her body was seen in 1895 and possibly filmed in 1897 by the first female director, Alice Guy . This routine, Le coucher d'Yvette , inspired "French acts" in theaters and brothels in other parts of the world, seen in New York as early as 1878. The first public act of striptease in modern times is credited to Parisian theater in 1894. In 1905, Dutch dancer Mata Hari , later shot as

3132-446: Is a large, four-floor compound with over 40 bars. Most of the bars are go-go bars with dancers in various stages of nudity. They are not formal brothels, since customers must negotiate without an intermediary, directly with the dancers, for services up to and including sex. Zürich , Switzerland, has legalized prostitution and its strip clubs throughout the city offer sex among their services. Differing from Zurich brothels, sex services via

3240-548: Is a recurrent theme in popular culture . In some media, these clubs are portrayed primarily as gathering places of vice and ill repute . Clubs themselves and various aspects of the business are highlighted in these references. "Top Strip Club" lists in some media have demonstrated that U.S.-style striptease is a global phenomenon and that it has also become a culturally accepted form of entertainment, despite its scrutiny in legal circles and popular media. Popular Internet sites for strip club enthusiasts also have lists calculated from

3348-473: Is a static scene containing one or more actors or models. They are stationary and silent, usually in costume, carefully posed, with props and/or scenery , and may be theatrically illuminated . It thus combines aspects of theatre and the visual arts . They were a popular medieval form that revived considerably from the 19th century, probably as they were very suitable for recording by photography . The participants were now mostly amateurs, participating in

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3456-526: Is an erotic or exotic dance in which the performer gradually undresses, either partly or completely, in a seductive and sensual manner. The person who performs a striptease is commonly known as a " stripper " or exotic dancer. Most strippers are female; less than a third of strippers are male strippers . Striptease and public nudity have been subject to legal and cultural prohibitions, other aesthetic considerations and taboos. Restrictions on venues may be through venue licensing requirements and constraints and

3564-475: Is no direct translation into English for tableau in this sense. While picture is similar, "... it lacks the connotations of constructedness, of being the product of an intellectual act that the French word carries." (p. 146) Other texts and Clement Greenberg's theory of medium specificity also cover this topic. The key characteristics of the contemporary photographic tableau according to Chevrier are, firstly: They are designed and produced for

3672-508: Is open for general admission . A customer is free to wander around the club, except for employee areas and premium lounges. To access premium lounges (sometimes called VIP, champagne, or other lounges), a customer would normally be charged a fee above the cover charge. In some cases, the employee and premium lounges are dual use. For example, a manager's office might also double as the VIP room. All clubs are configured differently. A small club can have

3780-459: Is present, they will "emcee" the rotation and typically announce the current dancer(s) on stage and possibly whom to expect in future sets. In peep shows , done with a customer seated in a private booth separated from a dancer by glass or plastic, there may be no music playing during a performance, in which the dancer removes their clothes and displays their body to the customer. In clubs which offer lingerie modeling shows, which are peep shows where

3888-432: Is provided, club staff will usually manage access to those areas. Depending on the day, time and staffing levels, accessibility of the general admission areas may vary. Larger clubs will rope off or otherwise close sections of the club to customers unless the size of the crowd warrants use of the space. Larger clubs could have multiple floor, bar, seating, and staging areas which are managed in a similar manner. A main stage

3996-632: Is the primary service mechanism for clubs that offer alcoholic beverages . In many clubs, the main bar is the second most dominant element on the floor after the main stage, and in some cases, the main (or satellite) stage is built into the bar. Clubs can derive large percentages of their income from drink purchases. For both Rick's Cabaret and VCGH, Inc., service revenues were the single largest revenue source, with sales of alcoholic beverages second. VCGH earned 18% more and RICK 27.5% more in service revenue than alcohol sales. The amounts are closer when food and merchandise sales are considered, with RICK reporting

4104-428: Is where a featured performer will dance as part of a rotation. In most clubs, the main stage is a dominant feature of the layout and the center of activity. A common type of strip club main stage is the thrust stage , also known as a runway stage, but the other major forms are also used regularly. Theatre in the round is also a popular form of strip club staging for the main stage. During each set of one or more songs,

4212-492: The East End , with a concentration of such venues in the district of Shoreditch . This pub striptease seems mainly to have evolved from topless go-go dancing. Though often a target of local authority harassment, some of these pubs survive to the present day. A custom in these pubs is that the strippers walk round and collect money from customers in a beer jug before each individual performance. This custom appears to have originated in

4320-632: The Lumen Prize 2016 for Web Arts. In Pier Paolo Pasolini 's 1963 film La ricotta , a film maker tries to have actors represent two paintings, by Jacopo Pontormo and Rosso Fiorentino , of the Passion of Jesus. The 1969 film The Color of Pomegranates , directed by Sergei Parajanov, presents a loose biography of the Armenian poet Sayat Nova in a series of tableaux vivants of Armenian costume, embroidery and religious rituals depicting scenes and verses from

4428-565: The Windmill Theatre in London. At that time, British law prohibited naked girls from moving. To avoid the prohibition, the models appeared in stationary tableaux vivants . The Windmill girls also toured other London and provincial theatres, sometimes using ingenious devices such as rotating ropes to move their bodies round, though strictly speaking, staying within the letter of the law by not moving of their own volition. Another example of ways that

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4536-453: The breasts or genitalia in a sensual and playful manner. The emphasis is on the act of undressing along with sexually suggestive movement, rather than the state of being undressed. In the past, the performance often finished as soon as the undressing was finished, though today's strippers usually continue dancing in the nude. The costume the stripper wears before disrobing is part of the act. In some cases, audience interaction can form part of

4644-468: The impression that a customer is seeing their true selves. In reality, it is often just part of the act with little to no emotional attachment for the dancer. Rules governing strip clubs and the overall adult entertainment industry vary around the world and formats sometimes are combined under a single roof or complex. In Bangkok , Thailand, the Nana Entertainment Plaza in downtown Bangkok

4752-504: The insurance industry . When evaluating a single group or company , its dominant source of revenue is typically used by industry classifications to classify it within a specific industry. For example the International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC) – used directly or through derived classifications for the official statistics of most countries worldwide – classifies "statistical units" by

4860-414: The retail trade sector contains industries such as clothing stores, shoe stores, and health and personal care stores. Companies are not limited to one sector or industry. They can reside in multiple sectors and industries. Industries, though associated with specific products , processes, and consumer markets , can evolve over time. One distinct industry (for example, barrelmaking ) may become limited to

4968-523: The tableau form. Examples include Florian Maier Aichen , Matthew Porter and Peter Funch . More recently, Canadian artist Sylvia Grace Borda has worked since 2013 to continue to stage tableaux for the camera within the Google Street View engine. Her work creates 360° immersive tableau vivant images for the viewer to explore. Through her efforts to pioneer the tableaux vivant for online exploration, she and her collaborator, John M. Lynch, won

5076-538: The "economic activity in which they mainly engage". Industry is then defined as "set of statistical units that are classified into the same ISIC category". However, a single business need not belong just to one industry, such as when a large business (often referred to as a conglomerate ) diversifies across separate industries. Other industry classification systems include the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS), which

5184-544: The 1930s, the famous Josephine Baker danced semi-nude in the danse sauvage at the Folies and other such performances were provided at the Tabarin . These shows were notable for their sophisticated choreography and for often dressing the girls in glitzy sequins and feathers. By the 1960s, "fully nude" shows were provided at such places as Le Crazy Horse Saloon . In Britain in the 1930s, Laura Henderson began presenting nude shows at

5292-641: The 1990s and early 2000s as the first strip club in the world to successfully unionize and the first to become a worker's cooperative. The Japanese term for strip club, nūdo gekijo, literally means "nude theater". An older term was "sutorippu gekijo". American-style striptease became popular in Japan during the U.S. occupation after the end of World War II (1945–1952). Some girls chose to strip in theaters as an alternative to prostitution . When entrepreneur Shigeo Ozaki saw Gypsy Rose Lee perform, he started his own striptease revue in Tokyo's Shinjuku neighborhood. Teitoza

5400-711: The Crusaders in Constantinople , Jacob wrestling with the Angel ; El Greco 's Assumption of the Virgin ; Watteau 's The Embarkation for Cythera . Throughout Derek Jarman 's film Caravaggio (1986 film) , many of Caravaggio's paintings are recreated in tableau vivant to explore their relationship to his life. The 1991 film My Own Private Idaho presents its sex scenes using the effect. The 2013 film, A Field in England , makes use of

5508-492: The French La Guerre D'Espagne (Cologne: Pierre Marteau, 1707), where a galant party of high aristocrats and opera singers has resorted to a small château where they entertain themselves with hunting, play and music in a three-day turn: The third day, dedicated to ball and dance, was used for the finest entertainment to divert the men; their eyes were given the opportunity to see all the pleasures nature could offer; and if

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5616-987: The Huntress" and were to be found at such places as the Hall of Rome in Great Windmill Street , London. Other venues were the Coal Hole in the Strand and the Cyder Cellar in Maiden Lane . Nude and semi-nude poses plastiques were also a frequent feature of variety shows in the US: first on Broadway in New York City , then elsewhere in the country. The Ziegfeld Follies featured such tableaux from 1917. The Windmill Theatre in London (1932–1964) featured nude poses plastiques on stage; it

5724-453: The Middle Ages occasionally a Mass was punctuated with short dramatic scenes and painting-like tableaux . They were a major feature of festivities for royal weddings, coronations and royal entries into cities. Often the actors imitated statues or paintings, much in the manner of modern street entertainers, but in larger groups, and mounted on elaborate temporary stands along the path of

5832-492: The United States, clubs are classified based on typical performances, zoning regulations, and advertised services. Zoning regulations in the U.S. can prove a challenge, with clubs needing to be a certain distance away from schools and other areas where minor children are known to congregate. These restrictions are meant, ostensibly, to curb exposure to activities that could negatively impact social development of children, and to protect nearby real estate properties not tied to

5940-444: The act, with the audience urging the stripper to remove more clothing, or the stripper approaching the audience to interact with them. Unlike in burlesque theater, the modern popular form of strip theater can minimize the interaction of customer and dancer, reducing the importance of tease in the performance in favor of speed to undress. Most clubs have a dancer rotation where each dancer, in turn, will perform for one or more songs in

6048-413: The actors did not move. Tableaux featured poses plastiques ('flexible poses') by virtually nude models, providing a form of erotic entertainment, both on stage and in print. Tableaux continue to the present day in the form of living statues , street performers who busk by posing in costume. In film or live theatre the performers sometimes briefly freeze in position for a tableau vivant effect. In

6156-548: The art of striptease in Japan into new territory. In 1956, Osaka became the first city in Japan to have pubic hair on display during a strip show. Dotonbori is a well known red light district in Osaka, Japan , that has featured entertainment theaters and prostitution for hundreds of years. The strip clubs of today are the latest incarnation of its temptations. Peeping clubs, which feature peeping rooms (nozokibeya), are businesses similar to western peep shows. Customers in peeping clubs view

6264-617: The bans on striptease, but it eventually merged with the older tradition of burlesque dancing. Carol Doda , of the Condor Night Club in the North Beach section of San Francisco, is credited with being the first topless go-go dancer. The club opened in 1964 and Doda's première topless dance occurred on the evening of 19 June of that year. The large lit sign in front of the club featured a picture of her with red lights on her breasts . The club went "bottomless" on 3 September 1969; launching

6372-470: The bar service; providing and refreshing drinks while maintaining the cleanliness of the seating areas. Many clubs have a lobby area where the cover charge, if any, is collected by a doorman or doorwoman and security personnel can do a quick check of prospective customers as they enter the facility. Games are also a common feature of strip clubs. Arcade and gambling machines are popular features, as are pool tables . Some clubs also have dedicated areas of

6480-523: The building will affect the physical layout of a club. The more money that has been invested in a facility, the more it resembles a dedicated club. Regardless of the floorplan , as an interactive theater , there are features every strip club will have. They include: performers (strippers) , a floor area where the customers will congregate, and some form of staging for the striptease performance. Higher-end gentlemen's clubs have features that cost millions of dollars to install and maintain. The floor area

6588-454: The club. Customers rarely, if ever, see the preparation of these props, since they are denied access to the backstage of a dancer's performance space by the layout of the club. A customer often wants a dancer to "drop the act", which makes them feel special and desired. This girlfriend experience can involve increased intimacy up to and including sex acts. Dancers are commonly aware of this customer desire for increased confidence, and may allow

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6696-649: The commercial climate for this type of entertainment. Middle Eastern belly dance , also known as oriental dancing, was popularized in the United States after its introduction on the Midway at the 1893 World's Fair in Chicago by a dancer known as Little Egypt . In France during the late 19th century, Parisian shows such as the Moulin Rouge and Folies Bergère were featuring attractive, scantily clad, dancing women and tableaux vivants . In this environment, an act featuring

6804-537: The current performer will dance on stage. A dancer collects tips from customers either while on stage or while mingling with the audience after their performance. A customary tip (where customers can do so at the stage) is a dollar bill folded lengthwise and placed in the dancer's garter from the tip rail . The area of the tip rail is equivalent to the apron in traditional theatre. It is referred to in slang as "ringside", "gynecology row", "pervert row", and other names. Many stages have actual railing built on or around

6912-621: The customer is seated, on the main floor. Table dance may also refer to a form of minimal-touch private dance where the performer is physically located on a small table in front of the customer(s). Table dances should not be confused with table stages, where the stripper is at or above eye level on a platform surrounded by chairs, and where there is usually enough table surface for customers to place drinks and tip money. Where offered, lap dances are performed in all manner of locations and seating, ranging from plain stools and kitchen-grade chairs to plush leather armchairs. They can also be performed with

7020-417: The customer standing in these designated areas. A service provided by many clubs is for a customer to be placed on stage with one or more dancers for a public lap dance. Occasions for this type of performance are bachelor parties and birthdays, among others. Bed dance areas require more space because they are designed for the customer to be prone with the entertainer(s) positioned on top of them. Bed dances are

7128-538: The customer's crotch while they remain clothed, in an attempt to arouse or, in the case of "extras" with contact occurring during grinding, to bring the recipient to climax. Touching of strippers is not permitted in many localities, however, some dancers and clubs allow touching of dancers during private dances. In some parts of the U.S., there are laws forbidding the exposure of female nipples, and thus dancers must cover their nipples with pasties to comply with those laws. Such clubs are known as pastie clubs . A striptease

7236-538: The dances of the Ghawazee "discovered" and seized upon by French colonists in 19th century North Africa and Egypt . The erotic dance of the bee , performed by a woman known as Kuchuk Hanem , was witnessed and described by the French novelist Gustave Flaubert . In this dance, the performer disrobes as she searches for an imaginary bee trapped within her garments. It is likely that the women performing these dances did not do so in an indigenous context, but rather, responded to

7344-442: The different categories listed above, and some dancers may perform air dances when more contact-heavy forms of dance were expected and paid for. Club management may set standard prices for the various dance services, but individual strippers, where permitted, will negotiate their own prices, which may be higher or lower than the advertised rate. Table dances are distinguished from other forms of dances in that they can be performed where

7452-699: The dying music halls. Paul Raymond started his touring shows in 1951 and later leased the Doric Ballroom in Soho, opening his private members club, the Raymond Revuebar , in 1958. This was the first of the private striptease members' clubs in Britain. Changes in the law in the 1960s brought about a boom of strip clubs in Soho with "fully nude" dancing and audience participation. Pubs were also used as venues, most particularly in

7560-666: The establishment. Dancers continually interact with the customers in the club. They walk around and solicit drinks and lap dances, usually scanning the club floor to find the most lucrative customer to greet. The dancer qualifies a customer by sizing up their appearance and personal characteristics. Once the dancer identifies a suitable customer, they approach, and attempt to establish a social relationship. Interaction can also be initiated by customers. Clubs generate revenue by cover charges, selling drinks, and other means. Dancers make most of their income from giving lap dances or VIP dances, where regulations allow. Otherwise, customer tips, at

7668-431: The hand or mouth, to simply place it or toss it on stage, or to crumple bills into a ball shape and throw them in the entertainer's direction. Each club and dancer has different tolerance levels for customer interaction, including tipping. Some clubs have multiple stages on the premises. Tipping etiquette varies between countries and cultures. In Eastern European and Asian clubs, it is customary to agree on payment upfront for

7776-738: The industry from devaluation . These are known as "secondary effects". The validity of secondary effects has been disputed, with the counterargument that clubs have been forced through zoning into "seedy neighborhoods". Elsewhere in North America, the Zona Norte red light district in Tijuana, Mexico , has a number of legal brothels which are modeled on strip clubs and feature U.S.-style striptease performed by its prostitutes. Many strip clubs are located in buildings that are converted bars, restaurants , or warehouses, or had industrial uses. The original layout of

7884-445: The inherent capabilities of the camera itself. And this, Wall argues, was a direct result of photojournalism , and the mass media and pop culture industries. By divesting itself of the encumbrances and advantages inherited from older art forms, reportage, or the spontaneous fleeting aspect of the photographic image pushes toward a discovery of qualities apparently intrinsic to the medium, qualities that must necessarily distinguish

7992-521: The inputs of site visitors. The legal status of strip clubs has evolved over the course of time, with national and local laws becoming progressively more liberal on the issue around the world, although some countries (such as Iceland) have implemented strict limits and bans. Strip clubs are frequent targets of litigation around the world, and the sex industry, which includes strip clubs, is a contentious issue in popular culture and politics. Some clubs have been linked to organized crime . The term "striptease"

8100-422: The internet, including live video feeds. Beyond this more passive entertainment, some clubs' dancers offer additional services, such as lap dances or trips to the champagne room, for a set fee rather than for tips. This fee will typically include a set fee for the room, for a fixed amount of time. Lap dances may also be offered during lingerie modeling sessions. During a lap dance, the dancer dances above and around

8208-461: The late 1890s). Tableaux vivants were often performed as part of school Nativity plays in England during the Victorian period; the custom is still practised at Loughborough High School (believed to be one of England's oldest grammar schools for girls). Several tableaux are performed each year at the school carol service, including the depiction of an engraving en grisaille (in which

8316-432: The late 1970s when topless go-go dancers first started collecting money from the audience as the fee for going "fully nude". Private dances of a more raunchy nature are sometimes available in a separate area of the pub. In America, striptease started in traveling carnivals and burlesque theatres, and featured famous strippers such as Gypsy Rose Lee and Sally Rand . The vaudeville trapeze artist Charmion performed

8424-461: The least common of the three, and in many clubs are a more expensive option than a lap dance because of the novelty and increased level of contact between customer and service provider. Strip clubs are profit-oriented businesses like restaurants and other retail establishments. Performers and staff are the primary customer service representatives in the club environment. Dancers are their primary vehicle to entice customers to spend time and money in

8532-448: The main floor dedicated to performing private dance services. Access to certain parts of a strip club can require payment of an additional fee, or can be by invitation. These areas offer features that are not present in the general admission areas. This approach might allow a club to offer different types and standards of services in the various areas, or to comply with local laws. In this setting, VIPs such as high rollers or persons of

8640-531: The main procession. Johan Huizinga , in The Autumn of the Middle Ages , describes the use and design of tableaux vivants in the Late Middle Ages . Many paintings and sculptures probably recreate tableaux vivants, by which art historians sometimes account for groups of rather static figures. Artists were often the designers of public pageantry of this sort. The history of Western visual arts in general, until

8748-401: The means to make the surface of its pictures unpredictable and important, the first phase of Pictorialism, Stieglitz's phase, emulated the fine graphic arts, re-invented the beautiful look, set standards for gorgeousness of composition, and faded. (p. 75) However photography did have the ability to become unpredictable and spontaneous. This was achieved by making photographs related to

8856-435: The medium from others and through the self-examination of which it can emerge as a modernist art on a plane with others. (pp. 76–78) The argument is that, unlike most other art forms, photography can profit from the capture of chance occurrences. Through this process—the snapshot, the "accidental" image—photography invents its own concept of the picture: a hybrid form of the "Western picture" (pictorialist photography) and

8964-512: The modern era, has had a focus on symbolic, arranged presentation, and (aside from direct personal portraiture) was heavily dependent on stationary artists' models in costume – which can be regarded as small-scale tableaux vivants with the artist as temporary audience. The Realism movement, with more naturalistic depictions, did not begin until the mid-19th century, a direct reaction against Romanticism and its heavy dependence on stylized tableau format. The invention of photography caused

9072-453: The number of clubs in the U.S. has grown. Profitability of strip clubs, as with other service-oriented businesses, is largely driven by location and customer spending habits. The better appointed a club is, in terms of its quality of facilities, equipment, furniture, and other elements, the more likely customers are to encounter cover charges and fees for premium features such as VIP rooms. The strip club as an outlet for salacious entertainment

9180-430: The object, requiring one to stand back from the picture to take it all in. This "confrontational" experience, Fried notes, is actually quite a large break from the conventional reception of photography, which up to that point was often consumed in books or magazines. The photographic tableau has its roots not in the theatrical tableau vivant , but in pictorialist photography, such as that of Alfred Stieglitz ,

9288-435: The pleasant aspects of a well shaped young lady are able to arouse the mind, one can say that our princes enjoyed all the delicacies of love. The dancers, to please their lovers the more, dropped their clothes and danced, totally naked, the nicest entrées and ballets ; one of the princes directed the delightful music, and only the lovers were allowed to watch the performances. Other possible influences on modern stripping were

9396-460: The poet's life. Jean-Luc Godard 's film Passion (1982) is about the making of an ambitious art film that uses re-creations of classical European paintings as tableaux vivants , set to classical European music. The paintings include Rembrandt 's The Night Watch ; Goya 's The Parasol , Third of May 1808 , La Maja Desnuda , Charles IV of Spain and His Family ; Ingres ' The Valpinçon Bather , The Turkish Bath ; Delacroix 's Entry of

9504-569: The removal of clothing on stage was integrated into the process. Over time, as regulations were relaxed, a variety of acts developed with shows presenting a variety of movements, such as taking a bath in an outdoor washtub. One of the most famous variants had audience members given magnifying glasses for close up views. During the 1950s, Japanese "strip shows" became more sexually explicit and less dance-oriented, until they were eventually simply live sex shows . The strip shows in Tokyo during this time remained low key, but Osaka and Kyoto were pushing

9612-486: The restriction by implementing a bring your own beverage (BYOB) policy and a juice bar . Juice bars have the appointments of full bars but only serve non-alcoholic beverages such as water, fruit juice , and flavored carbonated beverages . Such a bar could double as a service counter for the storage of BYOB material and offer ice and mixing services to create mixed drinks using the customer-purchased ingredients. Where waitstaff are present, they may serve as an extension of

9720-637: The same industry to evaluate the attractiveness of that industry. Companies within the same industry can also have similar stock price movements due to their similarity and macroeconomic factors that affect all members of an industry. However, more complex cases, such as otherwise different processes yielding similar products, require an element of standardization and prevent any one schema from fitting all possible uses. Tableaux vivants A tableau vivant ( French: [tablo vivɑ̃] ; often shortened to tableau ; pl.   tableaux vivants ; French for 'living picture')

9828-428: The sex capital of the world. American-style strip clubs are often structured as nightclubs or bars . High-end establishments are commonly referred to as "gentlemen's clubs", complete with luxury features and services. More down-market competitors can be known by various names, such as titty bars, rippers, peelers, skin bars, girly bars, nudie bars, bikini bars or go-go bars. Regardless of size, name, or location in

9936-515: The shows stayed within the law was the fan dance , in which a naked dancer's body was concealed by her fans and those of her attendants, until the end of her act in when she posed naked for a brief interval whilst standing still. In 1942, Phyllis Dixey formed her own company of girls and rented the Whitehall Theatre in London to put on a review called The Whitehall Follies. By the 1950s, touring striptease acts were used to attract audiences to

10044-607: The spontaneous snapshot. This is the stage whereby Wall argues that photography enters a "modernist dialectic". Wall states that unpredictability is key to modern aesthetics. This new concept of the picture, which Wall proposes, with the compositional aspects of the Western picture combined with the unpredictability that the camera affords through its shutter, can be seen in the work of many contemporary photographic artists, including Luc Delahaye , Andreas Gursky , Thomas Struth , Irene Caesar , and Philip-Lorca diCorcia . The tableau as

10152-421: The stage to function as the tip railing, in addition to indicating where customers should position themselves relative to the performance zone. Customers take turns tipping the dancer. They may also line up to tip popular performers. If physical railing is not present, the tip rail is the edge of stage or defined performance area. Other common tip methods are to insert the dollar into the stripper's cleavage from

10260-468: The stage, are a dancer's primary form of income. Dancers are entertaining the customers in exchange for money and employing all of the resources at their disposal to do so. They sell the fantasy of sex, but do not typically follow through with the act. Dancers, in an attempt to acquire a tip or monetary reward, may be selling more than just attractiveness and fantasy. They portray feelings of intimacy and emotional connectedness for their customers, and most of

10368-420: The strip clip joint and the exotic dancer as known today. Bans still exist; enforced now mostly at the local municipal level. American-style striptease began to appear outside North America in the post-World War II era and is now practiced widely around the world. The 1960s saw a revival of striptease in the form of topless go-go dancing . Topless dancing was banned in certain parts of the country, similar to

10476-463: The strip clubs are typically performed off site. Eastern European strip clubs have a similar model. A 0.34-square-kilometre (0.13 sq mi) "sex zone" in Tokyo, Japan , had approximately 3,500 sex facilities in 1999. These included strip theaters, peep shows, "soaplands", "lover's banks", porno shops, telephone clubs , karaoke bars , clubs and more all offering adult entertainment services. In Dubai ,

10584-488: The subjects are painted and dressed completely grey). Tableaux were also performed for charity events. The February 1917 edition of the American magazine Harper's Bazar reported, with many photographs, on two events in London where society ladies posed, mostly as paintings. One event concentrated on paintings by James McNeill Whistler and John Singer Sargent , posed by ladies of American birth in London. The other included Violet Trefusis and Lady Diana Cooper . By

10692-532: The time, these portrayals are overstated or false. The stage persona is different from who they are backstage, even if it does mirror aspects of their true personality. Within the context of the strip club, dancers might sometimes give the impression that they are revealing private (or backstage ) information to customers in order to play a confidence game for increased profit. Dancers use props such as make-up, clothing, costumes, and appealing fragrances to complete their character and maintain their " front " while in

10800-407: The trend of explicit " full nudity " in American striptease dancing. It was Doda's brand of dancing which is credited with the move from striptease to stripping. San Francisco is also the location of the notorious Mitchell Brothers O'Farrell Theatre . Originally an X-rated movie theater, this striptease club pioneered lap dancing in 1970, and was a major force in popularizing it in strip clubs on

10908-408: The wall. summoning a confrontational experience on the part of the spectator that sharply contrasts with the habitual processes of appropriation and projection whereby photographic images are normally received and "consumed" (p. 116) By this, Chevrier notes that scale and size is obviously important if the pictures are to "hold the wall". But size has another function; it distances the viewer from

11016-565: The world, strip clubs can be full nude, topless or bikini. Where offered: For any of the three types of clubs, there are exceptions based on the individual dancer and management. The use of pasties can alter the legal interpretation as to whether a performance is topless or not and whether a business is sexually oriented . A club might also hire or broadcast forms of entertainment other than striptease (such as pay-per-view events), for which it earns revenue via premium fees. Some clubs have also moved into providing chat and broadcast services via

11124-629: Was developed through partnerships with North American countries such as the United States, Canada, and Mexico, in order to standardize the comparison of business activities in North America. There is also the Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS), which is used to assign companies to specific economic sectors and industry groups. There are many industry classifications in the modern economy, which can be grouped into larger categories called economic sectors . Sectors are broader than industry classifications. For example,

11232-481: Was first recorded in 1938, though "stripping", in the sense of women removing clothing to sexually excite men, seems to go back at least 400 years. For example, in Thomas Otway 's comedy The Soldier's Fortune (1681) a character says: "Be sure they be lewd, drunken, stripping whores". Its combination with music seems to be as old. A conclusive description and visualization can be found in the 1720 German translation of

11340-592: Was the German dancer Olga Desmond , beginning in London, and who later put on "Evenings of Beauty" ( Schönheitsabende ) in Germany, in which she posed nude in imitation of actual or imagined classical works of art ("living pictures"). The English tradition in risqué entertainment continued until the English law was changed in the 1960s. In the nineteenth century, tableaux vivants took such titles as "Nymphs Bathing" and "Diana

11448-600: Was the first club to open in Shinjuku, on 15 January 1947. The first act was titled "The Birth of Venus". Each performance lasted for fifteen seconds and was modest by modern standards, incorporating veils, panties and a bra which covered much of what would be shown today. The woman on stage stood in a stationary pose, similar to shows in Britain. The show ran until August 1948. Theaters in Asakusa had fully nude displays, also featuring no motion or stripping. As this style of theater spread,

11556-556: Was the first to use the term tableau in relation to a form of art photography, which began in the 1970s and 1980s in an essay titled "The Adventures of the Picture Form in the History of Photography" in 1989. The initial translation of this text substitutes the English word picture for the French word tableau . However, Michael Fried retains the French term when referring to Chevrier's essay, because according to Fried (2008), there

11664-653: Was the first, and for many years the only, venue for them in 20th-century London. Tableaux vivants were often included in fairground sideshows (as seen in the 1961 film A Taste of Honey ). Such shows had largely died out by the 1970s, but continue in the Bridgewater Carnival in Somerset . Tableaux remain a major attraction at the annual Pageant of the Masters in Laguna Beach, California . Jean-François Chevrier

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