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67-574: In 1897, the Strathcona Library Society was formed, with the idea to build a public library in the young city of Strathcona . In 1910, a petition from citizens was eventually presented to the city council, officially requesting the construction of the library. The city quickly bought up the land for $ 6,250 from a local farmer, and organized the Strathcona Library Board. The American philanthropist Andrew Carnegie eventually offered

134-496: A universal transit pass (U-Pass), which is valid on the LRT and all ETS buses as well as on Strathcona County and St. Albert Transit Systems. NAIT students voted to join the program in 2010. The U-Pass allows unlimited LRT and bus use. This service was temporarily suspended in fall 2020 through winter 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic . The City of Edmonton prioritized completion of

201-817: A "balanced" solution; being more cost effective and flexible than heavy rail (i.e., subways), but higher-capacity and less expensive in the long-term than bus-only networks utilizing freeways. Edmonton's northeast section was selected as the first area to receive transportation improvements, because its road network was at risk of being overwhelmed by new developments. City Council was presented with three options in 1974: 1) A freeway-bus option, which would require 70 buses in peak hours, require substantial land acquisition, and reduce potential transit ridership; 2) an all-bus option that would require 150 buses in peak hours, which would share traffic lanes with vehicles aside from limited bus-priority measures, and; 3) an integrated option that required 75 buses in peak hours, and 14 LRT cars on

268-608: A Chinese elderly care facility. Despite demands to relocate the route to 102a Avenue, the city council voted for the original proposal. Another group opposed the route saying that the new LRT bridge crossing the North Saskatchewan River would have a negative impact on the river valley and the removal of the existing footbridge during construction (replaced by a pedestrian space on the Tawatinâ Bridge ) would temporarily displace an existing river crossing. The city stated that

335-579: A Municipal Planning Commission, which allowed the city to reserve a path for the LRT; this included controlling the location of piles under the Edmonton Plaza Hotel to allow for LRT tunnels to be constructed later. As well, members of the University of Alberta's Faculty of Engineering served as advisors for the project, and conducted research in areas such as transportation planning , traffic management, soil mechanics , and tunnelling. Edmonton became

402-434: A fare of $ 2.75 by tapping their Arc card on validators located at the entrances to proof-of-payment areas. Passengers can also purchase books of transit tickets or monthly transit passes. Seniors can purchase an annual transit pass at a discounted rate. Passengers paying a cash fare at a fare machine at an LRT station are issued a transit ticket, which is validated as an LRT ticket after being time-stamped. This ticket

469-423: A new interest in historic preservation and restoration, and the rebirth of Old Strathcona as a trendy arts and nightlife district. This resurgence brought great support for the library, and in 1976 the building was declared a Registered Historic Resource of Alberta by the provincial Minister of Culture. From 1984 to 1985 the library received a $ 250,000 restoration, undertaken by R.R. Roberts Architects, and paid for by

536-527: A northeast line. The third option had the lowest ongoing costs of the three, and City Council approved it in 1973 despite provincial funding not being secured yet. In 1974, the Alberta Government pledged $ 45 million over four years, which was the original estimated cost of construction. Construction began in 1974 with a budget of $ 65 million. During planning and construction, the managers of various departments and city-owned utilities coordinated through

603-617: A northeastern-bound extension of 2.2 km (1.4 mi) on the CN right-of-way to Clareview Station. In June 1983, the light rail tunnel downtown was extended by 0.8 km (0.50 mi) to Bay and Corona stations. The D.L. MacDonald Yard , between Belvedere and Clareview, opened in December 1983 to store and service the vehicles. The line was extended in September 1989 by 0.8 km (0.50 mi) to Grandin station (now Government Centre station, close to

670-414: A population of 24,900. In anticipation of lower taxes and other benefits of being a larger city, an amalgamation of the two cities was proposed, in which Strathcona and Edmonton residents voted 667-96 and 518–178 in favour of the merger respectively. The amalgamation of the two cities went into effect on February 1, 1912, resulting in increased policing and more affordable transit for Strathconians crossing

737-463: A ten-minute frequency from 5 a.m. to 9:30 p.m. and run every fifteen minutes after 9:30 p.m. On Saturdays, Valley Line trains run on a ten-minute frequency from 5 a.m. to 6:30 p.m. and run every fifteen minutes after 6:30 p.m. All trains run on a fifteen-minute frequency all day on Sundays. Before the opening of the Metro Line, the city held a naming contest, to determine the names of

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804-511: A transit peace officer. Proof of payment includes LRT tickets, transfers, validated transit tickets and transit passes. Failure to provide proof of payment can result in a $ 250 fine. Proof-of-payment areas include all LRT trains and LRT station platforms, except at stations where the ticket vending machines are located on the platform itself. In 2007, ETS, the University of Alberta (U of A), and MacEwan University partnered to provide students with

871-494: A tunnel under 99 Street to Central Station, at Jasper Avenue and 100 Street, including an intermediate stop at Churchill Station. The original line was 6.9 km (4.3 mi) long. Planning influences included the rail systems of Toronto (for dimensions), Montreal (underground environment), Cleveland (reuse of existing rail right of way ), as well as Netherlands and Germany (feeder bus routes with timed-transfers, and choice of rolling stock). Operating practices were influenced by

938-519: A tunnel under the Epcor Tower site immediately, while it was still under construction, with the aim of saving $ 140 million more than would have been required to dig under the tower once it was completed. This step was taken even though the rest of the project had not yet been approved, because of the time constraint posed by the construction of the new tower. Construction on the tunnel began in August 2009 and

1005-528: Is 125 metres long to accommodate a five-car train. All other extensions to the Capital and Metro lines will have five-car platforms. The Valley Line uses low-floor Bombardier/Alstom Flexity Freedom vehicles. The vehicles used in Edmonton are composed of seven articulated segments, and run as single trains or may be coupled together. Forty six more low-floor LRT vehicles were ordered in 2021 from Hyundai Rotem for

1072-709: Is 14 kilometres long and will add 16 new stations. A planned expansion to Lewis Farms , with the West Edmonton Mall en route, is under construction as part of the 27-kilometre (17 mi) Valley Line. The option approved by Council in 2010 was to have the west LRT extension run from downtown, along 104 Avenue and Stony Plain Road before diverting south on 156 Street towards Meadowlark Health & Shopping Centre, then along an 87 Avenue alignment to West Edmonton Mall and beyond. Proponents of this route cited opportunities for transit-oriented development . On November 1, 2018,

1139-525: Is being constructed in phases, with phase 1 being the 13.1 km (8.1 mi), 12-station portion between Mill Woods and 102 Street (downtown) allowing passengers to connect with the Capital Line and Metro Line at Churchill . Construction started in 2016 and the line opened on November 4, 2023. Phase 2 of the Valley Line will extend the Valley Line westward from Downtown to Lewis Farms. The extension

1206-456: Is celebrating a milestone of 100 years in 2013. www.epl.ca/100 The library system now has 3 million physical and digital items in its vast collection as well as 12,000 free events each year. The original building was designed by the firm of Arthur G. Wilson and David E. Herrald. Although a local duo, their design borrowed heavily from their British roots. It is a simplified English Renaissance Revival Style, common for commonwealth buildings of

1273-495: Is expected to take approximately 18 months. Beyond NAIT, the Metro Line will travel through Blatchford (the sustainable neighbourhood being developed on the grounds of the former City Centre Airport ), go over the CN railway yard north of Yellowhead Trail , and continue north along 113A Street, and west along 153 Avenue. The City of St. Albert has also begun preliminary plans to extend the LRT line into their borders. On May 19, 2010,

1340-399: Is not open for passenger service. Another 11 stops were built for the first phase of the Valley Line, which opened in late 2023: 102 Street , Quarters , Muttart , Strathearn , Holyrood , Bonnie Doon , Avonmore , Davies , Millbourne/​Woodvale , Grey Nuns , Mill Woods . New street-level platforms and an entrance were built at Churchill Station in order to allow transfers between

1407-494: Is now Whyte Avenue . The townsite "Plan I" was registered September 25, 1891. Businesses, at first in quickly-built primitive shacks, some made of logs, provided goods and services to a flood of immigrants from eastern Canada, Britain and continental Europe, U.S. and other parts of the world that came by train to the area. It was thought that "South Edmonton" would overwhelm "Old Edmonton" on the north side but Strathcona's geographic difficulties prevented this. However, South Edmonton

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1474-475: Is valid both as proof of payment and as a transfer. Transfers allow the passenger to transfer from the LRT to a bus, from a bus to the LRT and between buses, and is valid for 90 minutes from the time it was stamped. Passengers paying a cash fare or validating a ticket on a bus obtain a transfer at the time the fare is paid. Transfers also serve as proof of payment for 90 minutes. Passengers in an LRT proof-of-payment area must present proof of payment upon request by

1541-634: The Alberta Legislature ). On August 23, 1992, the next extension opened from Grandin to University Station, partially via the Dudley B. Menzies Bridge, crossing the North Saskatchewan River with a lower level for pedestrians and cyclists, and partially via a tunnel into the station. Major upgrades to the Belvedere and Clareview stations were made in 1998 and 2001 respectively. On January 1, 2006,

1608-509: The Edwardian age . Although grand in appearance, with ionic columns and limestone cornices on the exterior and intricate carved wood on the interior, the design is far more simplified and streamlined than earlier buildings of the Victoria era . This is reflected in other nearby buildings of the same age, such as Old Scona Academic High School . As part of Edmonton Public Library's regional division,

1675-542: The MBTA Green Line , British trams, and the Canadian National Railway . When the line opened, fare collection was modelled on traditional rapid transit lines, with booth attendants. Low volumes of activity at some entrances led to weekend closures of alternate station entrances. In November 1980, Edmonton Transit (as it was then named) switched to a modified European-style "proof of payment" system, retaining

1742-676: The Northern Alberta Institute of Technology (NAIT), and eventually beyond to north-end neighbourhoods with a terminal station south of St. Albert . The Metro line branches off the Capital Line at Churchill Station, runs west along 105 Avenue to the MacEwan University City Centre Campus, then north along 105 Street , Kingsway (Avenue) , and 106 Street, to Kingsway Mall and NAIT. In April 2008, Edmonton City Council approved $ 45 million in funding to build

1809-482: The Capital/Metro Line platform at Churchill, are underground. Three stations are serviced by the Metro Line which opened in 2015: MacEwan , Kingsway/Royal Alex , and NAIT/Blatchford Market . The Metro Line then continues along the route of the Capital Line, heading southbound before terminating at Health Sciences/Jubilee Station. An additional station, Blatchford Gate , exists north of the current line, however

1876-620: The City of Edmonton in early 1912. Edmonton LRT [REDACTED] All stations are accessible Edmonton Light Rail Transit , commonly referred to as the LRT , is a light rail system in Edmonton , Alberta. Part of the Edmonton Transit Service (ETS), the system has 29 stations on three lines and 37.4 km (23.2 mi) of track. Much of the system has a dedicated right-of-way, while in

1943-457: The Government of Alberta announced a contribution of $ 1.04 billion towards the second phase of the Valley Line, extending it west to Lewis Farms with an estimated completion date of 2027–28. The Valley LRT to Mill Woods generated opponents, particularly on the location of the route. The Edmonton Chinese community opposed the city's plan to lay the tracks on 102 Avenue as it is directly in front of

2010-630: The LRT connect to the Edmonton Pedway system with links to many buildings. The LRT crosses the North Saskatchewan River between the Government Centre and University stations on the Dudley B. Menzies Bridge , a dedicated LRT and pedestrian bridge. Storage, maintenance and operations of the LRT are controlled from the D.L. MacDonald Yard . The Gerry Wright Operations and Maintenance Facility provides additional storage, maintenance, and operations for

2077-402: The Metro Line and were delivered from March 2012 to April 2013. The Capital Line uses five-car trains during peak hours, four-car trains on weekends, and two-car trains are used for late night service. The Metro Line operated three-car trains until the permanent NAIT/Blatchford Market station opened, as the temporary NAIT station could only accommodate three-car trains. The permanent station

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2144-518: The Metro Line pushed back the start date from April 2014 to September 2015, when the line finally began operation at a frequency of 15 minutes, rather than 5. Trains only ran at a maximum of 25 km/h (16 mph) between the Churchill and NAIT stations, creating passenger delays and traffic congestion. An independent safety auditor cleared trains to run at their full 50 km/h (31 mph) as of February 19, 2017. On April 26, 1981, ETS opened

2211-478: The Metro Line to NAIT for 2014, followed by expanding the system to the southeast and west. City council approved funding to begin preliminary engineering on the Valley Line from Mill Woods to Lewis Farms in June 2011. Future plans call for expanding the Capital Line to Gorman in the northeast and Heritage Valley in the south. The Capital Line will be extended in two phases. Phase 1 is 4.5 kilometres long and will extend

2278-520: The Strathcona Library serves the following nearby schools: The Strathcona Library is also, physically, the closest branch of Edmonton Public Library to the University of Alberta (though a fast, direct LRT connection from the university to the downtown central Stanley A. Milner Library somewhat limits its use by students). Strathcona, Alberta Strathcona was a city in Alberta , Canada on

2345-477: The Valley Line and the rest of the LRT network. The rolling stock of the Capital Line is composed of trains of either Siemens-Duewag U2 or Siemens SD-160 cars. ETS operates 37 U2 cars, some of which have been in operation since the system opened in 1978. ETS also operates 57 SD-160 cars, of which 37 were ordered between 2005 and 2007, with the first cars entering revenue service on January 27, 2009. An additional 20 cars were purchased in 2010 and 2011 for use in

2412-455: The Valley Line, runs from Southeast Edmonton to Downtown and opened in late 2023. There are further projects to extend the network towards the North, Northwest, West and South areas of the city. During the construction of the Capital Line, surface area was preserved (although costs increased) by tunnelling under the downtown core and the University of Alberta main campus. The underground portions of

2479-484: The Valley Line, to be put in service when the West extension to Lewis Farms opens. All LRT stations are monitored by CCTV cameras . All trains are equipped with operator alert systems which allow passengers to contact the train operator in the event of an emergency. Likewise, all stations are equipped with blue emergency help phones which connect with ETS Security. The stations are patrolled by transit peace officers. Despite

2546-425: The Valley Line. The LRT operates approximately between 5:00 a.m. and 1:00 a.m. daily. During peak times, Capital Line trains run approximately every six minutes, and run every 15 minutes during off-peak hours. After 6 p.m. trains run every 15 minutes. Metro Line trains run on a twelve-minute frequency during peak times and run every fifteen minutes during off-peak times. On weekdays, Valley Line trains run on

2613-403: The area from present-day 109 Street in the west to 97 Street in the east and from the river south to University Avenue , an area of 1,000 acres (4.0 km ). In 1902, alarmed by fires that swept through many prairie communities at the time, Strathcona's town council passed an ordinance requiring that all buildings be constructed of fire-resistant materials, such as brick. This, along with

2680-481: The campus on the city's west edge. The land, consisting of 258 acres (1.04 km ), cost the province $ 150,000. Until the first campus buildings were completed, the university found a home in the Queen Alexandra Public School, still standing on 106 Street, then in the building that is now Old Scona Academic High School . In the 1911 census , Strathcona had a population of 5,579, while Edmonton had

2747-477: The city $ 15,000 to build a small, standardized library. However, the board did not feel this would provide the library they were hoping to build, and they declined Carnegie's offer. Costs for the new library were eventually paid for as part of the agreement when Strathcona and Edmonton amalgamated in 1912. Construction began in 1912, and the new library was opened on March 13, 1913 by ex-Strathcona Mayor John Joseph Duggan and Edmonton Mayor William Short. Final cost of

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2814-453: The closure was defeated by public opposition, the structural decline of the building meant the second floor could no longer support the weight of books, and the branch's collection and hours of operation were severely cut. The early 1970s, however, saw a resurgence of support for the Strathcona Library. Proposed south-side to downtown freeways threatened to destroy the remaining historic elements of Old Strathcona around Whyte Avenue. This led to

2881-452: The completion of six new underground stations in the downtown and with a new terminus at the University of Alberta, boardings more than doubled to 39,550 in 2002. The LRT system continues to expand, and operated with 18 stations, 24.3 km (15.1 mi) of double track and ridership of 110,786 average weekday boardings in 2018. Extensions of the LRT system have resulted in significant increases in ridership; ridership increased nearly 78% in

2948-520: The downtown area, vehicles run underground. This subway-surface alignment is known as semi-metro . As of 2018, it was number seven on a list of the busiest light rail transit systems in North America , with over 113,000 daily weekday riders. The ETS started operation of the original LRT line in 1978, expanded by 2010 into the Capital Line , running between Clareview in Edmonton's northeast and Century Park in Edmonton's south end. The first phase of

3015-662: The first city in North America with a metropolitan population of less than one million to build a modern light rail system. It also became the first city in Western Canada to operate a rapid transit system. Testing of the new line started in 1977 with regular service starting April 22, 1978, in time for the 1978 Commonwealth Games . The line followed a CN right-of-way from Belvedere Station to Stadium Station (near Commonwealth Stadium ), via an intermediate stop at Coliseum Station (near Northlands Coliseum ), and then continued in

3082-520: The first full year of the South Campus and Century Park extensions (2011 versus 2008), and increased 15% in the first full year of the NAIT extension (2016 versus 2014). The system has three lines. The Capital Line, runs from northeast Edmonton to south Edmonton via Downtown . A second line, the Metro Line, connecting Downtown with northwest Edmonton, began limited operations in September 2015. The third line,

3149-553: The five current and future LRT lines. On January 31, 2013, the city announced the names: Capital Line, Metro Line, Valley Line, Energy Line, and Festival Line. The Capital Line has 15 stations: Clareview , Belvedere , Coliseum , Stadium , Churchill , Central , Bay/Enterprise Square , Corona , Government Centre , University , Health Sciences/Jubilee , McKernan/Belgravia , South Campus/Fort Edmonton Park , Southgate , and Century Park stations. Of these, Central, Bay/Enterprise Square, Corona, Government Centre, University, and

3216-413: The impact is minimal, no other alternative routes were suitable, and proceeded with construction. Concerns in 2008 and 2009 over community impacts along the proposed west leg of the Valley Line and north leg of the Metro Line led to a larger debate over the vision guiding the various expansion plans, and the criteria used to select the routes. The adoption of a new signalling system (see below) for

3283-399: The library was approximately $ 27,000. The library was popular upon opening, and boasted an impressive circulation for the size of Edmonton at the time. The first minor renovation was completed in 1948, which converted the original men's-only reading room in the basement into a children's library. The post-WWII years, however, saw a sharp decline in usage as Edmonton rapidly expanded outward in

3350-451: The library was closed for another extensive restoration and expansion. This expansion added a large semi-circular addition, modern facilities to provide handicap accessibility, modern and efficient mechanical systems, and nearly doubled the library's original size. The renovation, however, was careful to maintain the building's original historical elements. The Strathcona Library as well as the overall Edmonton Public Library system of branches

3417-478: The limited municipal redevelopment occurring south of the river after amalgamation, means that Whyte Avenue and the surrounding area have one of the largest stocks of vintage buildings in western Canada. After Strathcona became a city on March 15, 1907, Premier Alexander Cameron Rutherford , Strathcona's MLA, established the University of Alberta in Strathcona in 1907, with the purchase of riverlot No. 5 for

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3484-449: The line from Century Park just north of 23 Avenue at 111 Street to Ellerslie Road via an underpass under 23 Avenue, then rising above ground again before Saddleback Road. Phase 2 will extend from Ellerslie Road to Allard/Desrochers. The line extension will continue to use high-floor LRVs. Preparation work for future tunneling and reception site shafts on 23 Avenue at the 111 Street and 109 Street intersections began in early November 2022 and

3551-615: The line was extended 0.6 km (0.37 mi) south through the University Campus to Health Sciences Station, which is located at street level. On April 25, 2009, McKernan/Belgravia and South Campus stations were opened as part of the south LRT expansion, with Southgate and Century Park opening on April 24, 2010. The first of the new Siemens SD-160 light rail vehicle train cars for the new extension were shipped by rail from Florin, California , on April 24, 2008, arriving in Edmonton on May 9, 2008 (37 vehicles in total). The LRT expansion

3618-527: The newer Metro Line started service between the University of Alberta campus and hospital in Edmonton's south-central and the Northern Alberta Institute of Technology northwest of downtown Edmonton in 2015, with further expansion to north Edmonton and neighbouring city of St. Albert planned into the future. Construction of the first phase of the 27-kilometre (17 mi) Valley Line , from downtown Edmonton to Mill Woods in southeast Edmonton, began in spring 2016, and opened November 4, 2023. Construction on

3685-603: The old turnstiles to issue the new receipts. Fares were now collected by automated ticket vending machines with irregular proof of payment inspectors, which permitted keeping all entrances open and required fewer staff. Every station on the line constructed since 1983 has been built with full accessibility for persons with disabilities. The 1998 and 2001 upgrades to the Belvedere and Clareview stations involved installation of roofs and lengthening of platforms to accommodate five-car trains. The LRT system had an estimated 18,220 weekday passenger boardings in 1978. 24 years later, after

3752-409: The post-war boom, and Old Strathcona began to fall into disrepair and decline. The completion of the much larger and more modern Stanley A. Milner central library downtown in 1967 further perpetuated this decline. By the late 1960s, the aging and poorly maintained building began to require significant upkeep costs. The director of Edmonton Public Library attempted to close the branch in 1970. Although

3819-414: The river. At the time of the merger, Strathcona's boundaries were the North Saskatchewan River to the west and north, 91 Street to the east, and a combination of 62 Avenue and 68 Avenue to the south, with 111 Street forming the brief jog between the two avenues. Whitemud Creek made up the brief portion of the city's west boundary between 68 Avenue and the river. This included land annexed by Strathcona that

3886-495: The sale of the original downtown library building in the late 1960s when it was demolished to build the Alberta Government Telephones towers (today ATB Place ). Since the mid-1980s, the branch has again become one of Edmonton Public Library's busiest, and is often seen as a community focal point for Old Strathcona. In 2004, the City of Edmonton named the building a Municipal Historic Resource, and from 2005 to 2006

3953-540: The second phase of the Valley Line, connecting downtown to west Edmonton, began in fall 2021 and is scheduled for completion by 2028. Edmonton's population grew rapidly in the decades after the Second World War , going from 160,000 residents in 1951 to 451,000 in 1976. During the 1960s and early 1970s, city-commissioned studies recommended a number of city-wide transportation systems such as heavy rail transit lines, and freeway networks. The city opted to study LRT as

4020-415: The security measures, there have been several incidents on trains or at stations. In 2008, there were 328 crimes against persons reported on ETS property. Some of the most serious incidents include: The cash fare for passengers using ETS buses and the LRT, since February 1, 2019, is $ 3.50 for adults, seniors and youth. Children 12 and under ride free with fare-paying rider. Alternatively, passengers can pay

4087-562: The south side of the North Saskatchewan River . Originally founded in 1891 as a railway centre, it became a town in 1899, then a city in 1907. It amalgamated with the City of Edmonton in 1912. Strathcona's recorded history began in the 1870s. Its first residents were an offshoot of the hangers-on and self-employed contractors who resided near the old Fort Edmonton on the north side of the river. This mixed community of British (especially Orkney ), Québécois , Cree and Metis fur trade employees, pioneer farmers, hunters, and their families,

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4154-606: The transportation department announced its recommendation for an extension of the Metro Line from NAIT station to St. Albert. This extension is expected to eventually serve 42,000 to 45,000 passengers daily. On December 16, 2022, city council approved funding to acquire land for Phase 2 of the Metro Line Northwest Expansion The Valley Line is an under construction 27 km (17 mi), low-floor urban line running southeast to west from Mill Woods to Lewis Farms , crossing through downtown. The line

4221-470: Was developed entirely at surface level with several underpasses after 2006, one at Belgravia Road and the other under 111 Street south of 61 Avenue. A short busway has been constructed from the South Campus station roughly parallel to Belgravia Road in conjunction with the South LRT expansion. On April 27, 2007, the city began detailed planning of a new LRT line that would run north from Churchill Station, to

4288-484: Was in good enough position for businesses near the railway station to prosper. Over the following 20 years most of the community's primitive buildings were replaced by more substantial two-storey wood or even brick buildings, many of which exist to this day. The original Strathcona Hotel building and the Ross Block, both made larger in the intervening years, are survivors from the late 1800s. On May 29, 1899, South Edmonton

4355-669: Was incorporated as the Town of Strathcona, named after Lord Strathcona, Donald A. Smith . Smith was a prominent official in the Hudson's Bay Company and the Canadian Pacific Railway , which operated the Calgary and Edmonton Railway, the community's lifeline. The first mayor of Strathcona was Thomas Bennett . The town's original boundaries included all the numbered riverlots south of the river between No. 9 and No. 17, corresponding to

4422-532: Was mostly replaced by eastern Canadian pioneer farmers (and land speculators) in the 1880s. This notably included the Papaschase First Nation, who were initially granted approximately 40 square miles (100 km ) of reserve lands in the area through Treaty 6 , but were allegedly dispersed in 1888 due to pressure from settlers who wanted to develop the land. The Calgary and Edmonton Railway arrived in 1891, establishing South Edmonton centred on what

4489-761: Was not developed until after the Second World War, well after the merger. Today's neighbourhood of Strathcona covers the portion of the former City of Strathcona lying east of 107 Street, north of Whyte Avenue, west of the Mill Creek ravine and south of the North Saskatchewan River valley. Also, the historic commercial core of the former City of Strathcona has been designated as the Old Strathcona Provincial Historic Area. Strathcona had seven mayors over nine stints in its over 12-year history as an incorporated municipality prior to amalgamating with

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