Misplaced Pages

#831168

77-522: [REDACTED] Look up stingy in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Stingy may refer to one of the following: A miser The name of a fictional puppet character on LazyTown Stingy (song) , single by Ginuwine Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Stingy . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change

154-496: A Load of Corn to Market, swore the Devil should have it before he would take the honest Market price". The devil closes with the bargain and on accounting day carries off the farmer as well. The social message is carried by the refrain that follows each stanza: "O Farmers, covetous Farmers,/ why would you pinch the Poor?" The religious aspect is dealt with in the contemporary "A Looking-glass for

231-482: A Poem (London, 1735). In Dante Alighieri ' s Inferno , misers are put in the fourth circle of hell, in company with spendthrifts as part of their mutual punishment. They roll weights representing their wealth, constantly colliding and quarreling. During the 16th century, emblem books began using an illustration of an ass eating thistles as symbol of miserly behaviour, often with an accompanying poem. They appeared in various European languages, among them

308-1021: A bidder at Hutchins's sale-room in King Street, Covent Garden . Backed by his father, Caulfield set up in business as a printseller in a small shop in Old Round Court, Strand . There he was visited by Samuel Johnson and Richard Cosway . In 1784 Caulfield helped out his father, who had been given large quantity of music by John Ashley , to engrave for the Handel commemoration. With the additional capital he moved to larger premises in Castle Street, Leicester Square . About 1795 he moved, this time to 6 Clare Court, Drury Lane; and in 1797 he occupied premises in William Street, Adelphi, and afterwards in 11, Old Compton Street , Soho. The publication of James Granger 's Biographical History of England in 1769 had boosted

385-535: A casuistical miser a fee for a poem written in his praise. In the other the miser is forced to reward a merchant who rescued his hoard from a fire with the whole of it. Arabs similarly made extensive use of misers in their literature. The most famous being the 600 page collection of anecdotes called Kitab Al Bukhala or Book of Misers by Al-Jāḥiẓ . He lived in 800 CE during the Abbasid Caliphate in Basra , making this

462-452: A covetous Miser" by Thomas Jordan . Here a West Country entrepreneur and a poor husbandman debate the respective merits of anxious profit-making and contentment. The miser laments the current low price of grain and resolves not to sell or plant more until the price rises. The theme continued into the early 19th century, where a farmer is again the subject of "The life and awful death of a rich miser ". Another common subject of these ballads

539-520: A daughter whom the miser attempts to sell off as a mistress to her disguised lover. Earlier Jerrold had written a one-act farce, The Smoked Miser or The Benefit of Hanging (1823), in which a miser tries to marry off his ward to advantage. Another farce produced in Canada, Major John Richardson's The Miser Outwitted (1841), had an Irish theme and dealt with a plot to trick a miser out of his money. The later Thomas Peckett Prest 's The Miser of Shoreditch or

616-488: A day as a cataloguer, but kept his youngest daughter and her family. One of his sons seems to have entered into the business, as John Caulfield, "print and book seller, Little Newport Street, Leicester Square". In January 1826 Caulfield broke his kneecap, and was taken to Camden Town and the house of his brother Joseph, a music engraver and piano teacher. Here he remained six weeks, and then went to St Bartholomew's Hospital , where, after ten days he died on 22 April 1826. He

693-422: A frequent focus in prose fiction: There were beside many other prolific and once popular novelists who addressed themselves to the subject of miserliness. For the most part theirs were genre works catering to readers in the circulating libraries of the 19th century. Among them was the gothic novel The miser and his family (1800) by Eliza Parsons and Catherine Hutton 's The miser married (1813). The latter

770-491: A fruitful source for writers and artists in many cultures. One attempt to account for miserly behaviour was Sigmund Freud 's theory of anal retentiveness , attributing the development of miserly behaviour to toilet training in childhood, although this explanation is not accepted by modern evidence-based psychology. In the Christian West the attitude to those whose interest centred on gathering money has been coloured by

847-479: A full repast. Poetic titles from the 19th century include the Irish Arthur Geoghegan's The Old Miser and Mammon: an Incident Poem (Newry 1818) and Frederick Featherstone's New Christmas Poem entitled The Miser's Christmas Eve (1893). There was also an anonymous didactic poem titled The Miser (London 1831). Although miserly behaviour is referenced during the course of its 78 pages, the real focus there

SECTION 10

#1732924471832

924-413: A great number of buttons, which had been cut off old coats. This makes her sound more like a compulsive hoarder than the "Female Miser" that she is called in the report. The title was more deserved by Joseph MacWilliam, who was found dead of a fire on 13 June 1826. A servant whose home was a damp Edinburgh cellar without either bed, chair or table, his colleagues and neighbours claimed to have seen him in

1001-512: A man, intending to hang himself, discovered hidden gold and left the rope behind him; on returning, the man who had hidden the gold hanged himself with the noose he found in its place. Both these stories were alluded to or retold in the following centuries, the most famous versions appearing in La Fontaine's Fables as L'avare qui a perdu son trésor (IV.20) and Le trésor et les deux hommes (IX.15) respectively. Yet another of La Fontaine's fables

1078-503: A miser who cannot bring himself to eat the apples in his orchard until they start to go rotten. His son invites in his playmates to pick the fruit but asks them not to eat the rotten ones since his father prefers those. The 18th century French fabulist Claris de Florian was to adapt the story in his "L'avare et son fils" (The miser and his son, IV.9). In this version the miserly father hoards his apples and only eats those going rotten. His son, upon being caught raiding them, excuses himself on

1155-423: A mouse that assures him he only wants lodging, not board. In one more, a miser dreams that he is in debt and hangs himself. The Latin writer Horace put miserly behaviour at the centre of the first poem in his first collection of satires, dealing with extremes of behaviour. In writing an imitation of it, an English poet who provides only his surname, Minshull, was to emphasise this by titling his work The Miser,

1232-588: A multimillionaire had also a reputation as a miser, involved herself in a six-year lawsuit to obtain her aunt's fortune, only to have it proved against her that she had forged the will. More modern times yield the Chinese example of an 80-year-old affronted by being called a miser in a poem by his son-in-law. Blaming his hospitalization with Parkinson's disease three years later on this, he sued his daughter for medical fees and 'spiritual compensation'. There were two famous references to misers in ancient Greek sources. One

1309-528: A portrait of a man trapped between conflicting desires in Malbecco, who appears in cantos 9–10. He is torn between his miserliness and love for his wife Hellenore. Wishing to escape with a lover, she sets fire to his storeroom and forces him to choose between them: Ay when to him she cryde, to her he turnd, And left the fyre; love money overcame: But when he marked how him money burnd, He left his wyf; money did love disclame. Eventually losing both, he becomes

1386-919: A scene from L'Avare in 1876 while the French actor Grandmesnil in the role of Harpagon was painted by Jean-Baptiste François Desoria . In addition, the challenging and complex part of Shylock was favoured by English artists. Johann Zoffany painted Charles Macklin in the role that had brought him fame at the Covent Garden Theatre (1767–68) and Thomas Gray portrayed a confrontation between Shylock and his daughter Jessica (1868). Character portraits of other actors in Shylock's role have included Henry Urwick (1859–1931) by Walter Chamberlain Urwick (1864-1943), Herbert Beerbohm Tree by Charles Buchel and Arthur Bourchier , also by Buchel. Characterisation of misers has been

1463-459: A sentimental story of the occult in which the Dutch merchant persuades a generous young man to exchange souls with him. Mediaeval art works of Christian origin take a clear moral stance on the sin of avarice in its various manifestations. The frieze on the west wall of Lincoln Cathedral depicts the torments of Hell visited on those guilty of this sin, while Sassetta made "The Blessed Ranieri showing

1540-466: A thousand lights attend The wretch who living saved a candle's end. John Overs, with a slight change to his name, became the subject of a three-act drama by Douglas William Jerrold , John Overy or The Miser of Southwark Ferry (1828), roughly based on an incident when he feigned death to save expenses and was killed by accident. Another public source of information about misers, in Scotland at least,

1617-621: A version based on both Plautus and Molière was produced by Henry Fielding in 1732. Among later adaptations there was Vasily Pashkevich 's 18th-century Russian comic opera The Miser and pioneering dramatic works in Arabic by Marun Al Naqqash (1817–55) and in Serbian by Jovan Sterija Popović . There were also independent dramatic depictions of misers, some of them being variations of the Pantaleone figure in 16th-century Italian commedia dell'arte . He

SECTION 20

#1732924471832

1694-555: Is Altered (c. 1597). The miser there is the Milanese Jaques de Prie, who has a (supposed) daughter, Rachel. Pieter Corneliszoon Hooft and Samuel Coster followed with their very popular Dutch comedy Warenar (1617). The play is named from the miser, whose daughter is Claartje. Molière adapted Plautus' play into French as L'Avare ( The Miser , 1668) while in England Thomas Shadwell adapted Molière's work in 1672 and

1771-451: Is a butcher who impersonates the devil and scares the miser into handing over his riches. In about 1800 there appeared an English broadside ballad called "The old miser" which was to serve as basis for what grew into a folk song with multiple versions. The scene is set in London, where a miser's daughter is courted by a sailor and the father arranges for him to be press-ganged to get him out of

1848-439: Is advised by her mother to name it Maidenhead and offer it for sale. A rich miser closes the bargain and is eventually forced to support the child by the magistrate. Still another ballad theme was the privations of the miser's servant, a comic situation in drama and fiction also, and here principally concerned with how little food the household has to live on. One example is "The Miser's Man (dating from between 1863 and 1885). At

1925-545: Is attested by the seven editions printed in the book's first year and the many later reprintings under various titles. Biographies of Dancer followed soon after, at first in periodicals such as the Edinburgh Magazine and the Sporting Magazine , then in the compendiums Biographical Curiosities (which also included Elwes) and The Strange and Unaccountable Life of Daniel Dancer, Esq. ... with singular anecdotes of

2002-592: Is represented as a rich and miserly Venetian merchant, later to become the father of Columbina . The Venetian characters who reappear in English drama include the Jewish moneylender Shylock in William Shakespeare 's The Merchant of Venice (1598) and the title character of Ben Jonson 's Volpone (1606). In Aubrey Beardsley 's title page for the latter, Volpone is shown worshiping his possessions, in illustration of

2079-405: Is the attraction of money in all its manifestations. In the realm of popular poetry, there were a range of narrative broadside ballads concerning misers from the 17th century onward. Some of the earliest deal with the grain speculators who caused such suffering to the poorest. A representative example is "The Wretched Miser" (1682), prefaced as "a brief Account of a covetous Farmer, who bringing

2156-456: The Baron visits his underground storehouse, where he gloats at a new addition to his coffers and moodily contemplates the extravagance of his son during a 15-minute solo. Following on from the continuing success of Molière's L'Avare , there was a spate of French plays dealing with misers and their matrimonial plans over the next century and a half. What complicates matters is that several of these had

2233-466: The Curse of Avarice (1854) was based on a penny dreadful story by him; later he adapted it as a two-act romantic drama set in time of Henry VIII. The popularity of these theatrical misers is evident from the number of paintings and drawings based on them, many of which were then adapted as prints. In 18th-century England, it was Fielding's "The Miser" that attracted most attention. Samuel Wale 's drawing of

2310-405: The French play were to follow later: Love and Avarice (1859) by J. V. Bridgeman (1819–89), and John Palgrave Simpson 's Daddy Hardacre in 1857. Meanwhile, William Harrison Ainsworth 's period novel The Miser's Daughter (first serialised in 1842) was spawning a fresh crop of dramas of that title. Two were played in 1842 and a further adaptation called Hilda in 1872. A similarly titled play

2387-562: The Latin dramas of Plautus . The character of Euclio in his Aulularia was to be particularly influential, as was the complicating subplot of a marriageable daughter. One of the earliest Renaissance writers to adapt the play was the Croatian Marin Držić in about 1555, whose Skup (The Miser) is set in Dubrovnik. Ben Jonson adapted elements from Plautus for his early comedy The Case

Stingy - Misplaced Pages Continue

2464-530: The United States the 46-page Lochy Ostrom, the maiden miser of Poughkeepsie; or the love of a long lifetime. An authentic biography of Rachel Ostrom who recently died in Poughkeepsie, N.Y., aged ninety years, apparently very poor, but really wealthy (Philadelphia 1870). One trait of misers arising out of the accounts about them was their readiness to incur legal expenses where money was involved. Daniel Dancer

2541-519: The angry god of wealth, who asserts that not gold but the attitude towards it is what damages the personality. While these are more or less original interpretations of the theme, French fabulist Antoine Houdar de la Motte harks back to the light-hearted approach of the Greek Anthology in "The Miser and Minos", first published in his fables of 1719. Descending to the Classical underworld at his death,

2618-468: The ballad, "Hiring Croglin Watty at Carlisle Cross", it is she who figures in the foreground. About 1811, just before her death, Brown had already devoted another painting to her alone as she tramped through the town. That she is still amusedly remembered there is witnessed by the modern Miser! The Musical (2011), based on her life. Misers were represented onstage as comic figures from Classical times. One of

2695-523: The character of Cotta in his Epistle to Bathurst (1733). Reluctance to spend confines this aristocrat to his ancestral hall, where he refuses to engage with the world. Later in the century another Scottish poet, William Stevenson (1719–83), included nine satirical epitaphs on misers among his collected works, of which the last begins: A miser rots beneath this mould'ring stone, Who starv'd himself through spleen to skin and bone, Lest worms might riot on his flesh at last And boast, what he ne'er could,

2772-561: The coloured print of Samuel Vale acting the part of Goliah Spiderlimb, the comic servant in Jerrold's The Smoked Miser . Molière's L'Avare was not altogether eclipsed in England by the work adapted from it. A drawing by William Hogarth of the play's denouement was included as a print in the translation of Molière's work and prints based upon it were made by various other engravers. William Powell Frith devoted one of his theatrical paintings to

2849-408: The comfort of two blankets. He is rudely awoken by two rascals mishandling him in an effort to lay their hands on his riches. On the left, Gymnilos has already pulled away the blanket on top of him while, on the right, Kosios drags out the blanket beneath. On the far right, the miser's slave Karion stands with outstretched arms and knocking knees. Such stock figures eventually provided inspiration for

2926-461: The deil: She hed a lang beard, for aw t' warl leyke a billy goat, wi' a kil-dried frosty feace: and then the smawest leg o' mutton in aw Carel market sarrad the cat, me, and hur for a week. Dame Margery is not named in the poem because at the time of writing (1805) she was still alive and known to be litigious. We know that it is meant to be her from the fact that in William Brown's painting of

3003-555: The diabolical is also drawn by another Fleming, Jan Matsys , in his portrayal of the man of affairs being assisted in his double bookkeeping by a demon. The same connection is made in "The devil and the usurer" in the Valenciennes Musée des beaux-arts , formerly attributed to Pieter Bruegel the Younger , in which two devils pluck at the sleeve of a poorly dressed moneylender. James Caulfield James Caulfield (1764–1826)

3080-633: The earliest and largest known work on the subject in Arabic literature . When there was renewed European interest in Aesop during the early Renaissance , the Neo-Latin poet Laurentius Abstemius wrote two collections of original fables, among which appeared Avarus et poma marcescentia (The miser and the rotten apples, fable 179), published in 1499. This was eventually translated into English by Roger L'Estrange and published in his fable collection of 1692. It concerns

3157-528: The earliest appears in the comic Phlyax plays developed in the Greek colonies in Italy during the 4th century BCE, which are known only from rare fragments and titles. They were also popularly represented on Greek vases, often with the names of the characters written above them. In one of these by Asteas two men are depicted robbing a miser. At the centre the miser Charinos has settled for sleep on top of his strongbox in

Stingy - Misplaced Pages Continue

3234-406: The embodiment of frustrated jealousy. The 18th century, so culturally rich in miser lore, furnished some notable poetic examples. Allan Ramsay 's "Last speech of a wretched miser" dates from 1728 and is written in modified Scots dialect . The miser bids farewell to his riches in a comic monologue and details some of his shifts to avoid expense. Alexander Pope created another masterly portrait in

3311-520: The end of his life. He had already produced a one-act comedy titled L'avaro (The Miser) in Bologna in 1756. In 1776 he produced in France the five-act L' avare fastueux (The Spendthrift Miser). The same title was used by L. Reynier for his five-act verse drama of 1794 and by Claude Baron Godart d'Aucourt de Saint Just (1769-1826) for his three-act verse drama of 1805. The early 19th century saw misers become

3388-466: The epigrams of the Greek Anthology . It is charged of them that they are not masters of their own money if they do not spend it. Niarchus tells of one who does not commit suicide because of the cost of the rope to do so; Lucillius tells of another who dies because funeral expenses are cheaper than calling in a doctor. Elsewhere in the anthology is another epigram by Lucillius of a miser's encounter with

3465-663: The famous Jemmy Taylor, the Southwark usurer (1797), which was often to be reissued under various titles. Jemmy Taylor's name also appears in the list of notable misers that Mr Boffin enumerates. He is coupled with the banker Jemmy Wood of Gloucester, a more recent miser about whom Dickens later wrote an article in his magazine All the Year Round . Others include John Little (who appears in Merryweather), Reverend Mr Jones of Blewbury (also in Merryweather) and Dick Jarrel, whose surname

3542-523: The first of which a rich miser is miraculously converted to generosity by a disciple of the Buddha; following this, the Buddha tells another story of a miser whose wealth is given away when the king of the gods impersonates him, and when he tries to intervene is threatened with what will happen if he does not change his ways. Two 16th century stories concerning misers are included among the witticisms attributed to Birbal during Mughal times. In one he extracts from

3619-522: The following chapter, Mr Boffin brings a coachload of the books to his premises and readers are introduced to a selection of typical titles and to the names of several of the misers treated in them. Among the books appear James Caulfield 's Portraits, Memoirs, and Characters of Remarkable Persons (1794–1795); Kirby's Wonderful Museum of Remarkable Characters (1803); Henry Wilson's Wonderful Characters (1821); and F. Somner Merryweather's Lives and Anecdotes of Misers or The Passion of Avarice displayed in

3696-539: The friars the soul of the Miser of Citerna carried to hell by demons" a panel of an altarpiece (now in the Louvre ). But the bracketing of the miser and the usurer as equally culpable types, mentioned earlier, makes it difficult to interpret the subject of later moralistic paintings, since they may represent either a hoarder, a money lender or even a tax collector. Such paintings cluster into recognisable genres, all of which point to

3773-456: The grounds that he was confining himself to eating just the sound ones. In 18th century Britain, when there was a vogue for creating original fables in verse, a number featured misers. Anne Finch 's "Tale of the Miser and the Poet" was included among others in her 1713 Miscellany. There an unsuccessful poet meets Mammon in the guise of a miser digging up his buried gold and debates with him whether

3850-419: The illustrated trencher by Marcus Gheeraerts the Younger , dating from about 1630, on which an ass laden with rich foods is shown cropping a thistle, surrounding which is the quatrain: The Asse which dainty meates doth beare And feedes on thistles all the yeare Is like the wretch that hourds up gold And yet for want doth suffer cold. In the third book of The Faerie Queene , Edmund Spenser created

3927-409: The life of wit and learning is a better calling than the pursuit of wealth. Eventually the poet is convinced that keeping his talent hidden until it is better regarded is the more prudent course. It was followed by John Gay 's "The Miser and Plutus", published in his collection of fables in 1737. A miser frightened for the security of his hoard denounces gold as the corruptor of virtue and is visited by

SECTION 50

#1732924471832

4004-409: The lines from the play, "Dear Saint, / Riches, the dumb god that giv'st all men tongues." A similar scene takes place in the second act of Alexander Pushkin 's short tragedy Skupoi rytsar (1836). This concerns a son, Albert, kept short of funds by his father, the Baron. Under the title The Miserly Knight , it was made an opera by Sergei Rachmaninoff in 1906. In the corresponding act in the latter,

4081-426: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stingy&oldid=1154323481 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Miser Misers as a type have been a perennial object of popular fascination and

4158-405: The miser is brought before the judge of the dead and is given the extreme punishment of returning to earth to witness how his wealth is now being spent. The Scottish poet Allan Ramsay adapted this into dialect two years later, and Charles Denis provided a version in standard English in his Select Fables (1754), reversing the title to "Minos and the Miser". Misers are frequent figures of fun in

4235-603: The object of desire and a motive for murder. It was dramatised the same year and later toured the US; in 1912 it was made a silent film. Later examples include Eliza Lynn Linton 's Paston Carew, Millionaire and Miser (1886); Miser Farebrother (1888) by Benjamin Leopold Farjeon ; and Dollikins and the Miser (1890) by the American Frances Eaton. In 1904 Jerome K. Jerome created Nicholas Snyders, The Miser of Zandam in

4312-489: The parsimonious habits, unaccountable lives and remarkable deaths of the most notorious misers of all ages (1850). The majority of the misers are 18th century characters, with John Elwes and Daniel Dancer at their head. The first account of Elwes' life was Edward Topham 's The Life of the Late John Elwes: Esquire (1790), which was initially published in his paper The World . The popularity of such accounts

4389-503: The same threadbare clothes for 15 years. After his death, property to the value of more than £3,000 was found in the cellar, some in the form of property deeds, and more in bank receipts. Later in the 19th century there were small regional publications dealing with single individuals of local interest. Examples of such works include Frances Blair's 32-page Memoir of Margery Jackson , the Carlisle miser and misanthrope (Carlisle 1847) and in

4466-548: The same title but were in fact separate plays written by different authors. L'Avare Amoureux (The Miser in Love) by Jean du Mas d' Aigueberre (1692–1755) was a one-act comedy acted in Paris in 1729. It is not the same as the anonymous one-act comedy of the same title published in 1777. Another set of plays borrows a title from the Italian dramatist Carlo Goldoni , who was working in France at

4543-508: The second act was also made into a print. But it was principally depictions of various actors in the character of Lovegold, the play's anti-hero, which attracted artists. Samuel De Wilde pictured William Farren in the role at the Theatre Royal, Bath . Several other works became plates in one or another book dedicated to English drama. James Roberts II (1753 – c. 1810) executed a pen and ink watercolour of Edward Shuter in character which

4620-406: The sinful nature of preoccupation with money for its own sake. Hieronymus Bosch 's panel of Death and the Miser , dating from the 1490s, started a fashion in depicting this subject among Low Countries artists. Bosch shows the miser on his deathbed, with various demons crowding about his possessions, while an angel supports him and directs his attention to higher things. The link between finance and

4697-565: The start of the 19th century, the theme had figured as an episode in Robert Anderson 's "Croglin Watty". A simple-minded countryman down from the fells, Watty was hired by the real-life Carlisle miser Margery Jackson (1722–1812) and served her for a quarter . The ballad mixes sung verses with prose description, both in Cumberland dialect: Neist my deame she e'en starv'd me, that niver liv'd weel; Her hard words and luiks wou'd ha'e freeten'd

SECTION 60

#1732924471832

4774-749: The subject is the Reverend Erskine Neale 's The Riches that Bring No Sorrow (1852), a moralising work based on a succession of biographies contrasting philanthropists and misers. Running parallel has been a disposition, inherited from Classical times, to class miserly behaviour as a type of eccentricity . Accounts of misers were included in such 19th century works as G. H. Wilson's four-volume compendium of short biographies, The Eccentric Mirror (1807). Such books were put to comic use by Charles Dickens in Our Mutual Friend (serialised 1864–1865), with its cutting analysis of Victorian capitalism. In

4851-481: The subject of the musicals then fashionable in France. Eugène Scribe and Germain Delavigne collaborated on L'avare en goguette (The miser's spree) in 1823, while Jean-François Bayard and Paul Duport collaborated on the two-act La fille de l'avare (The Miser's Daughter) in 1835. The latter play was freely adapted in 1835 by John G. Millingen under the title of The Miser's Daughter . Two further adaptations of

4928-520: The taste for engraved portraits. In 1814 Caulfield resided in Wells Street, Oxford Street , and until 1820 was mainly occupied in the sale of engravings, the illustration of books, and the compilation of catalogues. In more prosperous times he had received the patronage of notable collectors including Earl Spencer , Charles Towneley , James Bindley , and Clayton Mordaunt Cracherode . With advancing years Caulfield took to drink, earning five shillings

5005-628: The teachings of the Church. From its point of view, both the miser and the usurer were guilty of the cardinal sin of avarice and shared behaviours. According to the parable of the Elm and the Vine in the quasi-Biblical Shepherd of Hermas , the rich and the poor should be in a relationship of mutual support. Those with wealth are in need of the prayers of the poor for their salvation and can only earn them by acts of charity. A typical late example of Christian doctrine on

5082-643: The third section of that novel, Mr Boffin decides to cure his ward Bella Wilfer of her obsession with wealth and position by appearing to become a miser. Taking her with him on a round of the bookshops, Mr Boffin would say, 'Now, look well all round, my dear, for a Life of a Miser, or any book of that sort; any Lives of odd characters who may have been Misers.' .... The moment she pointed out any book as being entitled Lives of eccentric personages, Anecdotes of strange characters, Records of remarkable individuals, or anything to that purpose, Mr Boffin's countenance would light up, and he would instantly dart in and buy it.' In

5159-402: The way. As well as persisting in England, there are also versions in the US and Tristan de Cunha . Misers were notorious tricksters, so ingenuity transcending barely credible impersonations was generally needed. "Bite upon bite or the miser outwitted by the country lass" (1736–63) does not feature the miser's daughter but another sort of damsel in distress. A girl bears a child out of wedlock and

5236-402: Was Aesop's fable of " The Miser and his Gold " which he had buried and came back to view every day. When his treasure was eventually stolen and he was lamenting his loss, he was consoled by a neighbour that he might as well bury a stone (or return to look at the hole) and it would serve the same purpose. The other was a two-line epigram in the Greek Anthology , once ascribed to Plato . In this

5313-535: Was adapted as a print for the six-volume play collection, Bell's British Theatre . Charles Reuben Ryley made a print of Thomas Ryder in the role for Lowndes' British Theatre (1788), while Thomas Parkinson 's painting of Richard Yates as Lovegold was adapted for the 1776 edition of that work. In the following century, Thomas Charles Wageman's dramatic head and shoulders drawing of William Farren as Lovegold illustrated William Oxberry 's collection of texts, The New English Drama (1820). From this time too dates

5390-456: Was an epistolary novel in which Charlotte Montgomery describes her own romantic affairs and in addition those of her mother, an unprincipled spendthrift who has just married the miser of the title. Another female novelist, Mary E. Bennett (1813–99), set her The Gipsy Bride or the Miser's Daughter (1841) in the 16th century. Mary Elizabeth Braddon 's Aurora Floyd (1863) was a successful sensation novel in which banknotes rather than gold are

5467-462: Was an English author and printseller, known also as a publisher and editor. Caulfield was born in the Vineyard, Clerkenwell , on 11 February 1764. His father was a music engraver, but poor eyesight prevented him following in his footsteps. In Cambridge for the sake of his health, he encountered Christopher Sharpe, a print collector, who gave him some etchings, and money to purchase more. Caulfield became

5544-427: Was notorious for spending five shillings in an unsuccessful effort to recover three pence from a shop woman. He was also involved in a lawsuit with his equally miserly brothers when his sister died intestate , although this time he was more successful. In the same century, Margery Jackson was involved in an epic Chancery suit between 1776 and 1791 over a family inheritance. The American Hetty Green , who despite being

5621-519: Was really Jarrett and an account of whom appeared in the Annual Register for 1806. The many volumes of this publication also figured among Mr Boffin's purchases. Two more of the misers mentioned made their way into other literary works. John Hopkins , known as Vulture Hopkins, was the subject of a scornful couplet in the third of Alexander Pope 's Moral Essays, "Of the Use of Riches": When Hopkins dies,

5698-473: Was the dilemma of the miser's daughter unable to marry the man of her choice and the stratagems employed to overcome her father. In "Bite Upon the Miser", printed in the late 18th century, a sailor dresses up as the devil and scares the miser and the parson he intended as her husband into allowing the match. Much the same situation occurs in "The Politic Lovers or the Windsor Miser Outwitted", where it

5775-528: Was the five-act comedy partially in verse, The Miser's Daughter or The Lover's Curse of 1839, a schoolboy indiscretion of the future controversial churchman, Rev. John Purchas . And on the other side of the Atlantic there was a stage production of Julietta Gordini:The Miser's Daughter , a verse play in five acts, which claimed to derive its plot 'from an Italian story'. Douglas William Jerrold 's John Overy or The Miser of Southwark Ferry , (1828) also brings in

5852-510: Was the late addition, ""The miser and the monkey" (XII.3), used as a cautionary tale for financiers. Here a man keeps his hoard in a sea-encircled tower until a pet monkey amuses itself one day in throwing the coins out of the window. In Asia, misers were the butt of humorous folklore. One very early cautionary tale is the Illisa Jataka from the Buddhist scriptures. This includes two stories, in

5929-598: Was the prose broadside . One example concerns Isobel Frazer or Frizzle, who died in Stirling on 26 May 1820. Much of the broadside is taken up with detailing the contents of her three rooms, into which she had let no one enter. Not more than £8 in currency was discovered there, but she had bought and hoarded many articles of dress over the years, although rarely wearing them. She had also carefully picked up every pin that fell in her way, till she nearly filled one hundred pincushions. In addition to much other bric-a-brac , there were

#831168