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61-514: Stila Cosmetics is an American cosmetics company founded in 1994. The cosmetics line was created by makeup artist Jeanine Lobell . The name Stila (pronounced STEE-la) was derived from the Swedish word "stil," which can mean "style". Stila's official website is quoted as saying that they chose that name because they believe "every woman’s makeup should be as individual as her own signature". Jeanine Lobell writes on her blog that, "We kind of just made up

122-643: A sunscreen or a sunblock . They protect the skin from harmful ultraviolet radiation , and as such prevent sunburn , premature aging , and skin cancer . Prickly heat powders prevent or soothe itchy, bumpy and red heat rashes on the skin due to excess heat. Sunglasses and wide-brimmed sun hats are used to protect the eyes from the sun. These include sanitary pads, tampons , menstrual cups, and panty liners. There are used for menstrual hygiene and provide comfort, absorption, and protection during menstruation. Nail care products include nail cutters, nail files and cuticle creams. They are used to maintain and enhance

183-574: A hot topic in medical spaces such as dermatology, due to the increase of young girls using anti-aging cream, despite only being around 11 years old. In the United States, "Under the law, cosmetic products and ingredients do not need FDA premarket approval." The EU and other regulatory agencies around the world have more stringent regulations. The FDA does not have to approve or review cosmetics, or what goes in them, before they are sold to consumers. The FDA only regulates some colors that can be used in

244-410: A part of a daily routine. Cosmetic products , in contrast, are used for personal grooming and beautification (aesthetically enhance a person's appearance). Pharmaceutical products are not considered personal care products. Most of the personal care products are rinsed off immediately after use, such as shampoos, soaps, toothpastes, shower gels, etc. A few personal care products, however, are left on

305-656: A person's face. In some cases, more extreme forms of makeup are used for performances, fashion shows , and people in costume and can change the appearance of the face entirely to resemble a different person, creature, or object. Techniques for changing appearance include contouring , which aims to give shape to an area of the face. Cosmetics can also be designed to add fragrance to the body. Products used for haircare , such as permanent waves, hair colors , and hairsprays , are classified as cosmetic products as well. Cosmetics have been in use for thousands of years, with ancient Egyptians and Sumerians using them. In Europe,

366-757: A positive light. This United States manufacturing company–related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Cosmetics People have used cosmetics for thousands of years for skin care and appearance enhancement. Visible cosmetics for women and men have gone in and out of fashion over the centuries. Some early forms of cosmetics used harmful ingredients such as lead that caused serious health problems and sometimes resulted in death. Modern commercial cosmetics are generally tested for safety but may contain controversial ingredients, such as per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), formaldehyde releasers , and ingredients that cause allergic reactions. The European Union and regulatory agencies around

427-493: A result, many celebrities and influencers actively promote skincare routines or collaborate with beauty brands, making skincare and makeup more aspirational Alpha is also inspired by the "clean beauty" movement and inclusive beauty brands that champion self-expression, allowing them to feel more confident in exploring skincare and makeup." In 2023 and 2024, many people posting on social media have reported seeing girls, ranging from 10 to 12 in age in popular cosmetic stores, such as

488-610: A study concluding that makeup makes women seem more competent. Due to the source of funding, the quality of this Boston University study is questioned. Cosmetics products may be retailed in beauty stores , department stores and hypermarkets , drugstores , variety stores , grocery stores , beauty supply stores, and many other formats, and in similar types of online stores or the online presence of these types of physical stores. Cosmetic companies have changed their traditional methods of marketing by using social media influencers and brand ambassadors to market their products. During

549-584: A variety of petrochemically derived agents. Inorganic compounds are processed minerals such as iron oxides , talc , and zinc oxide . The oxides of zinc and iron are classified as pigments , i.e., colorants that have no solubility in solvents. Cosmetic companies have become more transparent in the ingredients of their products because consumers are interested in the formula of their products. Handmade and certified organic products are becoming more mainstream due to consumer concerns that certain chemicals in some skincare products may be harmful if absorbed through

610-421: A wide range of cosmetics, including such products as lipstick , eye liner , mascara , foundation , concealer , lip balm , blush , nail polish . A 2021 study tested 231 personal care products and found organic fluorine, a hallmark of PFAS, in more than half of the samples. Substantial levels of fluorine were identified in tested brands of products as follows: 82% of the brands of waterproof mascara, 63% of

671-538: Is a standard step in skin care routines. Skin cleansing includes some or all of these steps or cosmetics: Hair care is a category of cosmetics devoted to products which are used to improve the appearance of hair. Perfumes or fragrances, are liquids that can be sprayed or applied to produce a long-lasting smell. They are created by mixing different compounds together. There are different groups of perfumes which are categorised according to their concentration. The difference between Eau de parfum and Eau de toilette

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732-523: Is also an important player in the European cosmetic market. Although not as large as in other European countries , the cosmetic industry in Italy was estimated to reach €9 billion in 2007. The Italian cosmetic industry is dominated by hair and body products and not makeup as in many other European countries. In Italy, hair and body products make up approximately 30% of the cosmetic market. Makeup and facial care are

793-482: Is being investigated since at least the 1990s. PPCPs include substances used by individuals for personal health or cosmetic reasons and the products used by agribusiness to boost growth or health of livestock. More than twenty million tons of PPCPs are produced every year. The European Union has declared pharmaceutical residues with the potential of contamination of water and soil to be "priority substances". PPCPs have been detected in water bodies throughout

854-733: Is clean and healthy. Scalp massagers promote blood flow in the scalp and scalp serums hydrate and nourish the scalp. Among hair removal products, there are shaving creams , shaving gels , shaving foams , razors , hair clippers , tweezers , epilators , waxing kits, and hair removal creams (e.g. depilatory creams ). These are used to remove unwanted hair from various parts of the body. These are toothpaste , toothbrush , mouthwash , dental floss , water floss , interdental brush , gum massager , gum gel , etc. They are used to maintain oral hygiene , prevent tooth decay and gum disease , and have healthy teeth and gums. Tongue scrapers are used to remove food debris, dead cells and bacteria from

915-507: Is dangerous to human health, especially when inhaled. In 2011, the US National Toxicology Program described formaldehyde as " known to be a human carcinogen ". The danger of formaldehyde is a major reason for the development of formaldehyde releasers which release formaldehyde slowly at lower levels. Personal care Personal care products are consumer products which are applied on various external parts of

976-463: Is known as "K-beauty," and it has been popularized by K-pop idols, actors, and social media influencers. Many of these idols have become beauty icons and have allowed many men to access beauty products and to feel comfortable using them. While there may still be some societal pressure to conform to traditional gender norms, there is also a growing acceptance of individual expression and breaking free from traditional gender roles. "The Sephora Kids are

1037-454: Is more about the perfume oil concentration. Eau de parfum has a higher concentration of perfume than Eau de toilette . Various tools are used to apply cosmetics. In addition to brushes, a makeup sponge is a popular applicator. Makeup sponges can be used to apply foundation, blend concealer, and apply powder or highlighter. Loofahs , microfiber cloths, natural sponges, or brushes may be used to exfoliate skin simply by rubbing them over

1098-600: The International Organization for Standardization and regulated by national or regional regulations such as those issued by the EU or the FDA . Marketers and manufacturers of cosmetic products must be compliant to these regulations to be able to market their cosmetic products in the corresponding areas of jurisdiction . The manufacture of cosmetics is dominated by a small number of multinational corporations that originated in

1159-571: The 20th century, the popularity of cosmetics increased rapidly. Cosmetics are used by girls at increasingly young ages, especially in the United States. Because of the fast-decreasing age of makeup users, many companies, from drugstore brands like Rimmel to higher-end products like Estee Lauder, cater to this expanding market by introducing flavored lipsticks and glosses, cosmetics packaged in glittery and sparkly packaging, and marketing and advertising using young models . The social consequences of younger and younger cosmetics use have had much attention in

1220-482: The 21st century. The wider acceptance of the use of cosmetics led some to see makeup as a tool used in the oppression and subjection of women to unfair societal standards. In 1968, at the feminist Miss America protest , protesters symbolically threw a number of feminine products into a "Freedom Trash Can", with cosmetics among the items the protesters called "instruments of female torture" and accoutrements of what they perceived to be enforced femininity . As of 2016 ,

1281-590: The French federation for the perfume industry). France is another country in which the cosmetic industry plays an important role, both nationally and internationally. According to data from 2008, the cosmetic industry has grown constantly in France for 40 consecutive years. In 2006, this industrial sector reached a record level of €6.5 billion. Famous cosmetic brands produced in France include Vichy, Yves Saint Laurent , Yves Rocher , and many others. The Italian cosmetic industry

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1342-590: The German cosmetic industry the third largest in the world, after Japan and the United States. German exports of cosmetics reached €5.8 billion in 2008, whereas imports of cosmetics totaled €3 billion. The worldwide cosmetics and perfume industry currently generates an estimated annual turnover of US$ 170 billion (according to Eurostaf, May 2007). Europe is the leading market, representing approximately €63 billion, while sales in France reached €6.5 billion in 2006, according to FIPAR (Fédération des Industries de la Parfumerie –

1403-458: The US was developed by figures such as Elizabeth Arden , Helena Rubinstein , and Max Factor . These firms were joined by Revlon just before World War II and Estée Lauder just after. By the middle of the 20th century, cosmetics were in widespread use by women in nearly all industrial societies around the world, with the cosmetics industry becoming a multibillion-dollar enterprise by the beginning of

1464-437: The United States has weakened over the years, with the number of men using makeup increasing in the 21st century. Cosmetics brands have increasingly targeted men in the sale of cosmetics, with some products targeted specifically at men . Lead has been used as a makeup product since the 18th century. It is said to be lethal to women who apply it daily to achieve a pale complexion representing nobility, as tanner skin represents

1525-516: The absence of regulation of the manufacture and use of cosmetics, as well as the absence of scientific knowledge regarding the effects of various compounds on the human body for much of this time period, led to a number of negative effects upon those who used cosmetics, including deformities , blindness, and, in some cases, death. Although harmless products were used, such as berries, and beetroot , many cosmetic products available at this time were still chemically dubious and even poisonous. Examples of

1586-675: The actual product. In addition, there are personal care tools such as toothbrushes , hairbrushes and combs , manual razors and electric shavers , tweezers , nail clippers and files , sponges, pads, scrubs, etc. which help apply the aforementioned products or have their own functions. Typical toiletries offered at many hotels include: Some of the major corporations in the personal care industry are: Other corporations, such as pharmacies (e.g. CVS/pharmacy , Walgreens ) primarily retail in personal care rather than manufacture personal care products themselves. The environmental effect of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs)

1647-593: The anal area clean from fecal remains and harmful bacteria after defecation. Personal care products can come in different physical forms such as liquid solutions, solid bars and sticks, semi-solid or emulsion -based mixtures, powders , aerosols , oils , gels , scrubs and sheets. They may contain colorants , fragrances , emollients , surfactants , humectants , thickeners , stabilizers , preservatives , pH adjusters and pH buffers , silicones , chelating agents , film-forming agents , natural extracts , antioxidants , disinfectants and antimicrobials along with

1708-500: The appearance and "care" cosmetics designed for skincare and personal care. Most cosmetics are also distinguished by the area of the body intended for application, with cosmetics designed to be used on the face and eye area usually applied with a brush, a makeup sponge, or the fingertips. Cosmetics can also be described by the physical composition of the product. Cosmetics can be liquid or cream emulsions , powders (pressed or loose), dispersions, or anhydrous creams or sticks. Cleansing

1769-399: The appearance of nails and promote healthy nail growth. These include artificial tears or lubricating eye drops to moisturize and soothe the eyes and provide relief from dryness, irritation, and discomfort due to dry eye syndrome or environmental factors; contact lens solutions for cleaning, disinfecting, and storing contact lenses and help remove debris, bacteria, and protein buildup from

1830-975: The applied surface such as moisturizing cream, sunscreen, etc. The global market size of the personal care products industry is several hundred billion US Dollars (as of early 2020s). Procter & Gamble , L'Oreal , Johnson & Johnson , Unilever , Colgate-Palmolive , Gillette , Avon , Natura & Co , Kimberly-Clark and Shiseido are some of the world-leading companies in personal care products industry. Personal care products can be categorized according to their function and area of application. These are cleansing products, hair care products, oral care products, sun care products, skin hydrating products, feminine care products, hair removal products, nail care products, eye care products and anal hygiene products. Cleansing products include hand soaps or bar soaps, shower gels , body washes , facial cleansers , body oils, body lotions, cleansing pads , moist towelettes . They remove dirt, excess oil and other impurities from

1891-425: The body (on the skin, particularly the hands and nails), and to the hair. These products may be intended for use as skincare, personal care, or to alter the appearance, with the subset of cosmetics known as makeup primarily referring to products containing colour pigments intended for the purpose of altering the wearer's appearance; some manufacturers will distinguish only between "decorative" cosmetics intended to alter

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1952-452: The body such as skin , hair , nails , lips , external genital and anal areas, as well as teeth and mucous membrane of the oral cavity , in order to make them clean, protect them from harmful germs and keep them in good condition. They promote personal hygiene and overall health, well-being and appearance of those body parts. Toiletries form a narrower category of personal care products which are used for basic hygiene and cleanliness as

2013-463: The brands of foundations, and 62% of liquid lipstick. PFAS compounds are readily absorbed through human skin and through tear ducts , and such products on lips are often unwittingly ingested. Manufacturers often fail to label their products as containing PFAS, which makes it difficult for cosmetics consumers to avoid products containing PFAS. Formaldehyde is no longer used in cosmetics but has been replaced by formaldehyde releasers . Formaldehyde

2074-483: The cosmetic industry came up with perfumes bearing their names. Moreover, some actors and singers (such as Celine Dion ) have their own perfume line. Designer perfumes are, like any other designer products, the most expensive in the industry as the consumer pays for the product and the brand. Famous Italian fragrances are produced by Giorgio Armani , Dolce & Gabbana , and others. Procter & Gamble , which sells CoverGirl and Dolce & Gabbana makeup, funded

2135-432: The cosmetic product. Secondary packaging is the outer wrapping of one or several cosmetic container(s). An important difference between primary and secondary packaging is that any information that is necessary to clarify the safety of the product must appear on the primary package. Otherwise, much of the required information can appear on just the secondary packaging. Cosmetic packaging is standardized by ISO 22715 , set by

2196-593: The cosmetics and hair dyes. The cosmetic companies do not have to report any injuries from the products; they also only have voluntary recalls of products. There has been a marketing trend towards the sale of cosmetics lacking controversial ingredients, especially those derived from petroleum , sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), and parabens . Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a class of about 9,000 synthetic organofluorine compounds that have multiple highly toxic fluorine atoms attached to an alkyl chain . PFAS are used by major cosmetics industry companies in

2257-449: The early 20th century, but the distribution and sales of cosmetics are spread among a wide range of businesses. The world's largest cosmetic companies are L'Oréal , Procter & Gamble , Unilever , Shiseido , and Estée Lauder . In 2005, the market volume of the cosmetics industry in the US, Europe, and Japan was about EUR 70 Billion/a year. In Germany, the cosmetic industry generated €12.6 billion of retail sales in 2008, which makes

2318-507: The eyelids and eyelashes by removing debris, excess oil, and bacteria and in this way help alleviate eyelid inflammation, blepharitis, or dry eye syndrome; eye masks , which are gel or sheet masks placed over closed eyes to provide cooling, soothing, and hydrating effects, and to help reduce puffiness, relieve tired eyes, and improve the appearance of dark circles. Anal hygiene products include toilet papers , bidets and bidet showers . For babies, wet wipes are used. These are used to keep

2379-465: The eyes, weakened tooth enamel, and blackened skin, with heavy use known to lead to death. Usage of white lead was not confined only to the West, with the white Japanese face makeup known as oshiroi also produced using white lead. In the second part of the 19th century, scientific advances in the production of makeup lead to the creation of makeup free of hazardous substances such as lead . Throughout

2440-545: The face in a circular motion. Gels, creams, or lotions may contain an acid to encourage dead skin cells to loosen, and an abrasive such as microbeads , sea salt and sugar, ground nut shells, rice bran, or ground apricot kernels to scrub the dead cells off the skin. Salt and sugar scrubs tend to be the harshest, while scrubs containing beads or rice bran are typically very gentle. A variety of organic compounds and inorganic compounds comprise typical cosmetics. Typical organic compounds are modified natural oils and fats as well as

2501-504: The generation alpha (the cohort born roughly between 2010 and 2025) and is growing up in a very different environment compared to previous generations, and several factors contribute to their heightened interest in skincare and makeup. Platforms like TikTok have also popularized short, fun videos about skincare and makeup tips, making beauty routines seem exciting and achievable. Social media platforms have made it easier for celebrities and influencers to become role models for Gen Alpha, and as

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2562-453: The human body for cleansing, beautifying, promoting attractiveness, or altering the appearance without affecting the body's structure or functions." This broad definition includes any material intended for use as an ingredient in a cosmetic product, with the FDA specifically excluding pure soap from this category. Cosmetics designed for skin care may be used to cleanse, exfoliate and protect

2623-412: The late 19th and early 20th centuries, changes in the prevailing attitudes towards cosmetics led to a wider expansion of the cosmetics industry. In 1882, English actress and socialite Lillie Langtry became the poster girl for Pears of London, making her the first celebrity to endorse a commercial product. She allowed her name to be used on face powders and skin products. During the 1910s, the market in

2684-533: The legal definition of cosmetics in most countries is broader, in some Western countries , cosmetics are commonly taken to mean only makeup products, such as lipstick , mascara , eye shadow , foundation , blush , highlighter , bronzer , fake eyelashes , eyeliner , concealer , lip gloss , and several other product types. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), which regulates cosmetics, defines cosmetics as products "intended to be applied to

2745-589: The lenses, eye drops (typically containing anti-histamines and mast cell stabilizers) for allergies to provide relief from itching, redness, and watering caused by allergic reactions; eye creams , which are special moisturizers for the sensitive skin around the eyes, contain ingredients such as hyaluronic acid , peptides, and antioxidants to hydrate, firm, and reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles; eye serums for puffiness, dark circles, and signs of aging, typically containing ingredients like caffeine, retinol, or vitamin C; eyelid cleansers to clean and soothe

2806-528: The likes of Boots and Sephora. This is most commonly reported in western countries, specifically America, Australia and the United Kingdom. This has garnered attention because it bring awareness to the growing need for make-up for younger girls and women, many criticize this claiming it's connected to western beauty standards which in recent years have become an increasingly controversial topic in many medias revolving around politics and women's rights. It's also

2867-586: The media over the last few years. Criticism of cosmetics has come from a wide variety of sources including some feminists , religious groups , animal rights activists , authors , and public interest groups. It has also faced criticism from men, some of whom describe it as a form of deception or fakeup . The new generation has been more accepting of males wearing makeup, and having a "soft pretty boy" look in South Korea has become more widespread in recent years, particularly among younger generations. This trend

2928-480: The most common cosmetic products exported to the United States. According to Euromonitor International, the market for cosmetics in China is expected to be $ 7.4 billion in 2021 up from $ 4.3 billion in 2016. The increase is due to social media and the changing attitudes of people in the 18-to-30-year age bracket. Due to the popularity of cosmetics, especially fragrances, many designers who are not necessarily involved in

2989-746: The name, ‘Stila.’ It sounds sort of like stil in Swedish, which means style." Lobell grew up in Sweden. Estée Lauder Companies bought Stila in 1999 and sold it to Sun Capital Partners, Inc in the spring of 2006. In 2009, Stila became a Lynn Tilton company when it was sold to the private equity fund Patriarch Partners , LLC. [1] Stila makeup products can be purchased in many stores across America. These stores include Ulta Beauty, Target, Macy's, Walmart, and Sephora. All these stores offer select products or other Stila collections to be purchased. As their mission statement claims: "Everyday and in all ways, we put beauty in

3050-478: The prevalent usage of harmful cosmetics include the use of ceruse (white lead) throughout a number of different cultures, such as during the Renaissance in the West, and blindness caused by the mascara Lash Lure during the early 20th century. During the 19th century, there were numerous incidents of lead poisoning due to the fashion for red and white lead makeup and powder, leading to swelling and inflammation of

3111-474: The same primary ingredients as dry mineral makeups. Liquid makeups must contain preservatives, and compressed makeups must contain binders, which dry mineral makeups do not. Mineral makeup usually does not contain synthetic fragrances, preservatives, parabens, mineral oil, or chemical dyes. For this reason, dermatologists may consider mineral makeup to be gentler on the skin than makeup that contains those ingredients. Some minerals are nacreous or pearlescent, giving

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3172-414: The skin a shining or sparking appearance. One example is bismuth oxychloride . There are various mineral-based makeup brands, including: Bare Minerals, Tarte , Bobbi Brown , and Stila . The term cosmetic packaging is used for primary packaging and secondary packaging of cosmetic products. Primary packaging, also called cosmetic containers, houses the cosmetic product. It is in direct contact with

3233-403: The skin, as well as replenish it, using body lotions , cleansers , toners , serums, moisturizers , eye creams, retinol , and balms. Cosmetics designed for more general personal care , such as shampoo , soap, and body wash , can be used to clean the body. Cosmetics designed to enhance one's appearance (makeup) can be used to conceal blemishes, enhance one's natural features, or add color to

3294-724: The skin. The FDA , which regulates the US cosmetic industry, says "FDA has not defined the term “natural” and has not established a regulatory definition for this term in cosmetic labeling." It goes on to warn consumers, "choosing ingredients from sources you consider “organic” or “natural” is no guarantee that they are safe." The term "mineral makeup" applies to a category of face makeup, including foundation, eye shadow, blush, and bronzer, made with loose, dry mineral powders. These powders are often mixed with oil-water emulsions . Lipsticks, liquid foundations, and other liquid cosmetics, as well as compressed makeups such as eye shadow and blush in compacts, are often called mineral makeup if they have

3355-529: The surface of the body and improve a person's overall cleanliness. Facial tissues are used to wipe the nasal discharge. Cotton pads are used to remove makeup. Cotton swabs are used to clean outer ear. Bath towels are used to dry up wet areas on the body, face towels are used to dry up wet face. Exfoliating scrubs (loofahs and such) are used for deeper cleansing. These include shampoos , hair conditioners , hair oils and hair treatments , and they are used to cleanse, condition and treat hair so that hair

3416-420: The tongue surface. Denture care products are used to clean artificial dentures. These include powders , baby powders , body lotions , hand creams , pomades and facial moisturizers . They are used to hydrate, moisturize, and nourish the skin and keep the skin soft, smooth, and protected. Lip balms keep the lips hydrated. Sun care products include lotions, creams, sprays, gels, oils and sticks that act as

3477-579: The use of cosmetics continued into the Middle Ages —where the face was whitened and the cheeks rouged— though attitudes towards cosmetics varied throughout time, with the use of cosmetics being openly frowned upon at many points in Western history. Regardless of the changes in social attitudes towards cosmetics, many occasionally achieved ideals of appearance through cosmetics. According to one source, early major developments in cosmetics include: Historically,

3538-404: The working class. Lead can be detrimental to people's health and cause death if mixed with vinegar which it allows lead to be absorbed through the skin. Though there are a large number of different cosmetics used for a variety of different purposes, all cosmetics are typically intended to be applied externally. These products can be applied to the face (on the skin, lips, eyebrows, and eyes), to

3599-537: The world have stringent regulations for cosmetics. In the United States, cosmetic products and ingredients do not require FDA approval. Some countries have banned using animals for cosmetic testing. The word cosmetics is derived from the Greek κοσμητικὴ τέχνη ( kosmetikē tekhnē ), meaning "technique of dress and ornament," from κοσμητικός ( kosmētikos ), "skilled in ordering or arranging," and from κόσμος ( kosmos ), meaning "order" and "ornament.". Though

3660-540: The world's largest cosmetics company is L'Oréal , founded by Eugène Schueller in 1909 as the French Harmless Hair Colouring Company (now owned by Liliane Bettencourt 26% and Nestlé 28%; the remaining 46% is traded publicly). Although modern makeup has been traditionally used mainly by women, men also use makeup to enhance their own facial features or cover blemishes and dark circles. The negative stigma of men wearing makeup in countries such as

3721-457: The world. More research is needed to evaluate the risks of toxicity , persistence, and bioaccumulation , but the current state of research shows that personal care products impact the environment and other species, such as coral reefs and fish. PPCPs encompass environmental persistent pharmaceutical pollutants (EPPPs) and are one type of persistent organic pollutants . They are not removed in conventional sewage treatment plants but require

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