52-680: Sterns was a nightclub located at Highdown Towers on Highdown Hill in Worthing , West Sussex . It was situated off the A259 road just north of Ferring on the South Downs . It became known as a major centre of UK rave culture in the south of England during the late 1980s and early 1990s. It was a rare example of an early UK club boasting 4 separate rooms with DJs playing house , breakbeat hardcore , jungle music , techno , progressive house and hard house . Although Sterns had played such music before and
104-540: A marmite ( French: [maʁmit] ), a French term for a large, covered earthenware or metal cooking pot. Marmite was originally supplied in earthenware pots but since the 1920s has been sold in glass jars. Marmite's distinctive bulbous jars are supplied to Unilever by the German glass manufacturer Gerresheimer . Similar products include the Australian Vegemite (whose name is derived from that of Marmite),
156-413: A chill out room and small cinema located on the first floor where ambient music was played. The club had an outdoor section with a tea room and seating. There was also the "Top Floor" just after the main entrance where there was another DJ playing and a bar area. After the club closed down in 1994, but re-opened as The Mansion House until 1998 when it was closed again and later became Highdown Towers ,
208-527: A party political broadcast . Because of the local product named Marmite , European Marmite is sold by the name " Our Mate " in Australia and New Zealand. New Zealand Marmite uses the name "NZ-Mite" elsewhere. In Denmark , food safety legislation dictates that foodstuffs that contain added vitamins can only be sold by retailers which have been licensed by the Veterinary and Food Administration. In May 2011,
260-465: A radar station was built on the hill and considerable damage was done to the archaeology during its construction. Further damage was done as trees were uprooted following the Great Storm of 1987 leading to a rescue dig in 1988. Highdown Gardens lie in a former chalk pit below the hill. Highdown Vineyard is a working vineyard producing English Wines on the southern slope of the hill. Roundstone
312-546: A smoke machine , UV and a Laser . On busy nights, it was common for condensation generated from body heat and sweat to collect on the ceiling of the underground room and drip down onto the dancers towards the end of the night. This became known as 'Sterns Rain'. Other rooms included the Garage room. This had car hub caps on the walls and the DJ's decks were located in the front end of a VW Beetle which had been chopped in half. It also had
364-435: A 170GSM gloss paper used to promote the coming month's dance events. The specification of the flyer was very important, as they often found their way into the hands of people needing a "roach" . There were 20,000 of each design produced and usually four different designs were printed, on one B1 sheet, at a time, to help reduce costs. In late 1990, through a chance meeting, at Chaffinches Farm, Birdham, West Sussex ("The Farm"
416-591: A German spread; Cenovis , a Swiss spread (sold internationally under the brand Sonaris); and Vegex, an autolyzed yeast product available in the United States since 1913. In the United Kingdom, own-branded yeast extract, very similar to Marmite, is sold by Sainsbury's , Tesco and Aldi . Marmite has traditionally been eaten as a savoury spread on bread, toast , savoury biscuits or crackers , and other similar baked products. Owing to its concentrated taste, it
468-430: A Marmite sauce. While the process is secret, the general method for making yeast extract on a commercial scale is to add salt to a suspension of yeast, making the solution hypertonic , which results in the cells shrivelling; this triggers autolysis , during which the yeast self-destructs. The dying yeast cells are then heated to complete their breakdown, and since yeast cells have thick cell walls which would detract from
520-438: A bottled, long-life Marmite-flavoured cheese spread. It is light in texture and contains a hint of Marmite. In 2002, a 100th anniversary jar was released. In February 2007, Marmite produced a limited edition Guinness Marmite of 300,000 jars of 250 g of their yeast extract with 30% Guinness yeast, giving it a noticeable hint of "Guinness" flavour. In January 2008 Champagne Marmite was released for Valentine's Day , with
572-431: A campaign on Instagram—“The Great Marmite Experiment”—-encouraging people to share their Marmite-flavoured recipes. The many entries in response included roast potatoes, beef Wellington and cookies. In Malaysia, Singapore and Hong Kong, Marmite is enjoyed stirred into congee (rice porridge), and in an intensely savory Malaysian dish (local Chinese dish) called Marmite Chicken, consisting of fried pieces of chicken tossed in
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#1732869076885624-580: A cheese and Marmite panini . There are Marmite-flavoured varieties of Walkers Crisps , and of some brands of rice cakes and biscuits. Marmite has also been used as an ingredient in cocktails, including the Marmite Cocktail and the Marmite Gold Rush. Celebrity chefs have created signature Marmite-flavoured recipes: Nigella Lawson has one for Marmite spaghetti, and Heston Blumenthal has one for Marmite consommé . In 2020, Marmite launched
676-472: A flyer and sent it to Mensa asking if he would use it on a Sterns flyer. There were also competitions for flyer designs. Jamie 2K was even responsible for several of the designs, "Raving Mad" & " A Chance to Dance" were his regular contributions, for the Under 18's events. He also designed personally the "Hole Sterns Pils" flyer which closely resembled the design of a "Holsten Pills" can... This flyer and all
728-470: A hotel, with attached carvery restaurant and bar, with an external children's play area. Sterns held regular weekend events. Some started at approx 8.00 p.m. and lasted until approx 2.00 a.m., usually on a Friday. All-nighters were held fortnightly on a Saturday and started at 9.00 p.m. and lasted through until 6.00 or 7.00 a.m. To attend all-nighters you had to sign up for membership of In-ter-dance. At its peak in 1992 In-ter-dance had 25,000 members. Often
780-408: A limited-edition production of 600,000 units initially released exclusively to Selfridges of London. The product had 0.3% champagne added to the recipe, and a modified heart-shaped label with "I love you" in place of the logo. In 2009, a limited edition Marston's Pedigree Marmite was initiated to celebrate the 2009 Ashes Cricket test series . In March 2010, a "super-strength" version of Marmite
832-430: A person takes a MAOI antidepressant, such as phenelzine (Nardil) or tranylcypromine (Parnate), as yeast extracts interact adversely with these types of medications due to their tyramine content. Marmite should be stored in the dark and kept cool, but should not be refrigerated. The " best before " date is given as guidance for the loss of vitamins rather than safety . "I remember sitting in my office looking at
884-401: Is not naturally found in yeast extract, but is very important for vegans who are at risk of deficiency. Marmite is rich in B vitamins including thiamin (B 1 ), riboflavin (B 2 ), niacin (B 3 ), and folic acid (B 9 ). Vitamin B 12 is only available through artificial enrichment; riboflavin and folic acid are added on top of the naturally-occurring amount. The sodium content of
936-449: Is often spread very thinly in combination with butter or margarine. It can be made into a savoury hot drink by adding one teaspoon to a mug of hot water, much like Oxo or Bovril . It is also commonly used to enrich casseroles and stews . Marmite is often paired with cheese—for example, in a cheese sandwich or a cheese-flavoured biscuit such as Mini Cheddars . In the UK, Starbucks offers
988-449: Is represented in the marketing slogan: "Love it or hate it." Such is its prominence in British popular culture that Marmite is often used as a metaphor for something that is an acquired taste or polarises opinion. Marmite is commonly used as a flavouring, as it is particularly rich in umami due to its very high levels of glutamate (1960 mg/100 g). The image on the jar shows
1040-440: Is the name associated with a farm, pub and several local businesses below Highdown Hill. Based on local legend, the name derives from a runaway millstone from the mill on the hill. 50°49′43″N 0°27′02″W / 50.8286°N 0.4505°W / 50.8286; -0.4505 Marmite Marmite ( / ˈ m ɑːr m aɪ t / MAR -myte ) is a British savoury food spread based on yeast extract , invented by
1092-580: The 1930s, Marmite was used by the English scientist Lucy Wills to successfully treat a form of anaemia in mill workers in Bombay. She later identified folic acid as the active ingredient. Marmite was used to treat malnutrition by Suriya-Mal workers during the 1934–35 malaria epidemic in Sri Lanka . Housewives were encouraged to spread Marmite thinly and to "use it sparingly just now" because of limited rations of
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#17328690768851144-455: The 1930s, with characters whose faces incorporated the word "good". Soon afterwards, the increasing awareness of vitamins was used in Marmite advertising, with slogans proclaiming that "A small quantity added to the daily diet will ensure you and your family are taking sufficient vitamin B to keep nerves, brain, and digestion in proper working order". During the 1980s, the spread was advertised with
1196-489: The German scientist Justus von Liebig . It is made from by-products of beer brewing ( lees ) and is produced by the British company Unilever . Marmite is a vegan source of B vitamins , including supplemental vitamin B 12 . A traditional method of use is to spread it very thinly on buttered toast. Marmite is a sticky, dark brown paste with a distinctive, salty, powerful flavour and heady aroma. This distinctive taste
1248-691: The Late Bronze Age (around 1000 BC) when an enclosure was built. By the Early Iron Age (around 600 BC) this had been replaced by a hill fort composed of a single rampart and ditch. An Anglo-Saxon cemetery was created on the site around 450 AD which has produced an unusual number of glass objects, which can now be seen in Worthing Museum . This cemetery was discovered by accident in the 1890s when local landowner Edwin Henty undertook tree planting inside
1300-801: The Swiss Cenovis , the Brazilian Cenovit , the long-extinct Argentinian Condibé, the French Viandox , and the German Vitam-R . Marmite in New Zealand has been manufactured since 1919 under licence, but with a different recipe; it is the only one sold as Marmite in Australasia and the Pacific Islands , whereas elsewhere the British version predominates. The product that was to become Marmite
1352-443: The brief and saying to Richard [Flintham], ‘I fucking hate Marmite.’ And he said ‘Oh, I love it.’ And we both just looked at each other." Andy McLeod of marketing agency BMP DDB on the creation of the "Love it or Hate it" campaign Marmite's publicity campaigns initially emphasised the spread's healthy nature, extolling it as "The growing up spread you never grow out of". The first major Marmite advertising campaign began during
1404-427: The cemetery was never drawn up. At the time, several skeletons were left in their graves whilst others were uncovered. A large number of bones and artefacts were passed around various local museums and many of these have since been lost. In the 18th century, the miller John Olliver had his tomb built on the hill 27 years before his death in 1793. It is said that he was in fact the leader of local smugglers and used
1456-515: The company that imports the product to Denmark revealed that it was not licensed and had therefore stopped selling the product: this resulted in widespread but inaccurate reports by the British media that Marmite had been banned by the Danish authorities. The Danish Veterinary and Food Administration stated in 2015 that Marmite had not been banned in the country, but that fortified foods need to be tested for safety and approved before they can be marketed in
1508-553: The country. The issue was resolved in 2016, after the completion of a 2014 supplier-requested test. On 24 January 2014, the Canadian Food Inspection Agency was noted, in a Canadian Broadcasting Corporation story, as preparing to stop the sale of Marmite, as well as Vegemite and Ovaltine , in Canada because they were enriched with vitamins and minerals which were not listed by Canadian food regulations. The agency said
1560-612: The hill and its western slopes lie in the parish of Ferring in the Arun district , while its eastern slopes lie in the borough of Worthing . It is a popular spot for picnickers, dog-walkers and horse riders. It overlooks Littlehampton , Angmering , Ferring and Worthing with views as far east as the Seven Sisters and west to the Isle of Wight . It is the property of the National Trust . To
1612-506: The hillfort. His workmen had discarded or stolen much material before a full excavation could begin. Excavations continued for the next two seasons under guidance from Charles Hercules Read , the Secretary of the Society of Antiquaries at the time. 86 Anglo-Saxon graves were uncovered between 1893 and 1894 and the contents of all of these grave cuts were listed and several of them drawn. A plan of
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1664-402: The material used to produce it had to be destroyed; as the brand owner of Holsten threatened court action if their request was not complied with. 50°49′32.96″N 0°26′33.19″W / 50.8258222°N 0.4425528°W / 50.8258222; -0.4425528 Highdown Hill Highdown Hill is a hill in the South Downs , with a height of 81 metres (266 ft). The summit of
1716-416: The north, the ancient hill forts of Cissbury Ring and Chanctonbury Ring can be seen, and the visible remains of a Bronze Age hill fort exist on the summit of Highdown Hill. Highdown Hill is the traditional burial-place of the kings of Sussex . At the base of the hill, there is a car park, toilets, public gardens, cafe, hotel and restaurant. Human occupation of the hill is thought to have started in
1768-482: The original Marmite recipe and brand. The Australian product Vegemite was developed in early 1920s by Cyril Callister for Fred Walker and Co. due to shortages of Marmite exports to Australia as a result of the First World War. It is now distributed in many countries, and AussieMite is sold in Australia. Other products include OzeMite, which is made by Dick Smith Foods ; Cenovit, a Brazilian spread; Vitam-R ,
1820-531: The party would continue well after the club closed in the adjacent car park where club goers' cars fitted with sound systems would provide the music. Sterns produced a monthly news magazine in 1993. On 28 and 29 November 2008 the first Sterns Reunion took place. The sheer range and variety of DJs and performers that have graced Sterns is testament to its place in Rave and Hardcore folklore. In-ter-dance advertised its regular events at Sterns Nightclub with flyers. There
1872-498: The product had become successful enough to warrant construction of a second factory at Camberwell Green in London. By 1912, the discovery of vitamins was a boost for Marmite, as the spread is a rich source of the vitamin B complex ; with the vitamin B 1 deficiency beriberi being common during World War I , the spread became more popular. British troops during World War I were issued Marmite as part of their rations . During
1924-415: The product. In 1990, Marmite Limited, which had become a subsidiary of Bovril Limited, was bought by CPC International Inc , which changed its name to Best Foods Inc in 1998. Best Foods Inc subsequently merged with Unilever in 2000, and Marmite is now a trademark owned by Unilever . There are a number of similar yeast products available in other countries; these products are not directly connected to
1976-510: The products were not a health hazard. The CFIA later specified that these specific items had been seized because they were not the versions that are formulated for sale in Canada and which satisfy all Canadian food regulations. Canadian versions of Marmite and the other products would still be permitted to be sold in Canada. Marmite is manufactured by licence in South Africa by Pioneer Foods in its traditional form. South Africa also produces
2028-529: The slogan "My mate, Marmite", chanted in television commercials by an army platoon. The spread had been a standard vitamin supplement for British-based German POWs during the Second World War. For many years television advertisements for Marmite featured the song " Low Rider " by the band War with the lyrics changed to the phrase "My Mate, Marmite". By the 1990s Marmite's distinctive and powerful flavour had earned it as many detractors as it had fans, and it
2080-525: The smoothness of the end product, the husks are sieved out. As with other yeast extracts, Marmite contains free glutamic acid , the monosodium salt of which being monosodium glutamate . Currently, the main ingredients of Marmite are glutamic acid-rich yeast extract, with lesser quantities of salt , vegetable extract, spice extracts and celery extracts, although the precise composition is a trade secret . Vitamins added for food fortification include riboflavin, folic acid, and Vitamin B 12 . Vitamin B 12
2132-411: The spread is high and has caused concern, although it is the amount per serving rather than the percentage in bulk Marmite that is relevant. The main ingredient of Marmite is yeast extract, which contains a high concentration of glutamic acid. Marmite is not gluten-free, as it is made with wheat, and although it is thoroughly washed, it may contain small quantities of gluten. Marmite should be avoided if
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2184-457: The tomb to store contraband. He would set the sails of his windmill at different angles to indicate the absence of customs men to his followers out at sea. The remains of the mill can still be seen on the west side of the hill. Local legend has it that a runaway millstone from this mill is the source of the name Roundstone for the farm at the foot of the hill, which was subsequently used for the nearby pub and garden centre . During World War II
2236-495: Was a forerunner in underground parties, the most famous club nights were started in 1991 by a promoter named In-ter-dance run by the late Mensa . Such was the club nights' reputation that it was credited by a number of artists on their record sleeves, was one of the most well known Rave/House & Hardcore clubs in Europe and was regularly visited by clubbers from all over the UK . Sterns
2288-541: Was a very large range of flyers produced and often they parodied well-known brands or popular culture of the time, such as Holsten Brewery , Swan Vestas , Marmite , Benson & Hedges , Perrier mineral water and the Blockbusters quiz game show with its tag line "I'd like an E please Bob!". Further information on Flyers: The early Sterns flyers were printed by Selsey Press Limited, These flyers were usually A5 sized, brightly coloured, double sided handouts, printed on
2340-449: Was begun, containing edible gold-coloured flecks. Marmite chocolate is also available. In 2015, Marmite Summer of Love Special Edition featured a flower power -themed label. This special edition's blend had a lighter taste made using 100% lager yeast. On 25 March 2019, Marmite Peanut Butter was introduced, which (as the title implied) combined the taste of Marmite with that of crunchy peanut butter. On 2 May 2022, Marmite Truffle
2392-599: Was entered via 2 sets of downwards steps, with the Garage Club in between sets of steps. The Underground was located at the lowest level of the building partially embedded in the hillside in a large concrete bunker. It boasted a massive 30 kW sound system, incredibly powerful for the space. On the second set of steps the bass was so intense it was difficult to carry out a conversation with someone adjacent to you and for them to hear you without speaking right into their ear. The underground had an impressive array of lighting including
2444-543: Was invented during the late 19th century when the German scientist Justus von Liebig discovered that brewer's yeast could be concentrated, bottled and eaten. In 1902, the Marmite Food Extract Company was formed in Burton upon Trent , Staffordshire, England with Marmite as its main product and Burton as the site of the first factory. The by-product yeast needed for the paste was supplied by Bass Brewery . By 1907,
2496-536: Was known for producing a polarised "love/hate" reaction amongst consumers. Marmite began a "Love it or Hate it" campaign in October 1996, and this resulted in the inventing of the phrase "Marmite effect" or "Marmite reaction" for anything which provoked controversy. On 22 April 2010, Unilever threatened legal action against the British National Party for using a jar of Marmite and the "love it or hate it" slogan in
2548-580: Was located in a picturesque old mansion on the southern slopes of the South Downs. It was also known as "The House on the Hill". The building was based on three floors and had a number of rooms, the "Top Floor", "Garage Club" & "Underground" each playing different genres of electronic music . The main room was called the "Underground", complete with signs in the style of the London Underground logo . This
2600-490: Was released, called Marmite XO (XO standing for "extra old"). Marmite XO is matured for 28 days, four times longer than usual. The original Marmite XO's cap was black, and has a black and gold label. In July 2019, Marmite XO returned due to popular demand. The 2019 version has an off-white cap as opposed to the original black. In April 2012, a special-edition jar in commemoration of the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II
2652-467: Was released. With the product renamed "Ma'amite," the redesigned label featured a colour scheme based upon the Union Jack ; the marmite and spoon logo replaced by a gold crown, and with a red rather than yellow cap. The front label also declares "Made with 100% British Yeast". Coinciding with the 110th anniversary of the brand, production was limited to 300,000 jars. For Christmas 2012 a gold limited edition
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#17328690768852704-552: Was the home of In-ter-dance, in the early days), between "Jamie 2K" & Mensa, a deal was struck to produce a new format two Colour Members Newsletter, shortly after this Jamie 2K started to print the In-ter-dance Flyer's, through his then company Power Leaflets/ renamed in 2013 to Get Fruity ) . A large number of designs for the flyers were created by Tony Ladd and David Jackson of Vivid Visual Communications, although there were regular contributions from members; who designed
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