42-624: Stephen or Steven Cole may refer to: Stephen Cole (broadcaster) (born 1954), news presenter Stephen Cole (sociologist) (1941–2018), professor of sociology at State University of New York, Stony Brook Stephen Cole (writer) (born 1971), author of children's books and science fiction Stephen V. Cole , American game designer Steven Cole (tenor) , African-American opera singer Steven Cole , British actor Steve Cole , American saxophone player Stephen Cole (headmaster) (born 1952), British schoolmaster [REDACTED] Topics referred to by
84-588: A "biological solution", but by October were convinced that the political and economic situation was too grave. Honecker approved the choice, naming Krenz in his resignation speech, and the Volkskammer duly elected him. Although Krenz promised reforms in his first public speech, he was considered by the East German public to be following his predecessor's policies, and public protests demanding his resignation continued. Despite promises of reform, public opposition to
126-521: A need to travel or proving familial relationships). The travel authorizations will be issued within a short period of time. Grounds for denial will only be applied in particularly exceptional cases. 2) The responsible departments of passport and registration control in the People's Police district offices in East Germany are instructed to issue visas for permanent exit without delays and without presentation of
168-431: A non-union member under contract Cole was brought in to anchor the flagship Six O'Clock and Ten O'Clock News on BBC1 , temporarily replacing regular newsreaders Sian Williams , George Alagiah and Huw Edwards . In the year 2000, BBC management approached Cole about creating a new show for the network, offering him a choice between business and Information Technology (IT). He chose the latter, and BBC Click Online
210-456: A short period of time. Grounds for denial will only be applied in particularly exceptional cases. b) The responsible departments of passport and registration control in the People's Police district offices in East Germany are instructed to issue visas for permanent exit without delays and presentation of the existing requirements for permanent exit. It is still possible to apply for permanent exit in
252-591: A stir in the room; amid several questions at once, Schabowski expressed surprise that the reporters had not yet seen this regulation, and started reading from the note. After this, a reporter, either Ehrman or Bild-Zeitung reporter Peter Brinkmann, both of whom were sitting in the front row at the press conference, asked when the regulations would take effect. After a few seconds' hesitation, Schabowski replied, "As far as I know, it takes effect immediately, without delay" ( German : Das tritt nach meiner Kenntnis ... ist das sofort ... unverzüglich ). This
294-540: Is a historic day. The GDR has announced that, starting immediately, its borders are open to everyone. The gates in the Wall stand open wide." In 2009, Ehrman claimed that a member of the Central Committee had called him and urged him to ask about the travel law during the press conference, but Schabowski called that absurd. Ehrman later recanted this statement in a 2014 interview with an Austrian journalist, admitting that
336-420: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Stephen Cole (broadcaster) Stephen Joseph Samuel Cole (born 29 March 1954) is a British journalist, producer, news anchor and television presenter. He was the creative force behind BBC Click and its first host from 2000 to 2006. Cole was also part of the original launch lineup for Sky News in 1989,
378-600: The Birmingham pub bombings of 1974. Having been in the city on another assignment the night of the attack, Cole covered the aftermath and the subsequent trials. From 1978 to 1989, Cole broke into television news, filing reports for ITN and BBC Nationwide, where he covered the White House Farm murders . In 1989, Cole was hired as an anchor for Sky News , the first 24-hour television news channel in Britain, where he reported on
420-736: The Cold War was declared at the Malta Summit in early December, and German reunification took place in October the following year. The opening of the Iron Curtain between Austria and Hungary at the Pan-European Picnic on 19 August 1989 set in motion a peaceful chain reaction, at the end of which there was no longer an East Germany and the Eastern Bloc had disintegrated. After the picnic, which
462-713: The Fall of the Berlin Wall , the dissolution of the Soviet Union , the Gulf War and the Bosnian War . In 1994, Cole moved to Atlanta , Georgia , to anchor for CNN International , as part of a re-launch and re-branding of the channel . Returning to the UK in 1996, Cole joined BBC World News as an anchor. In May 2005, 11,000 journalists, producers and technicians went on a one-day strike. As
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#1732898198059504-708: The West German embassy in Prague . On 30 September, following negotiations with East Germany and the Soviet Union, the West German Foreign Minister Hans-Dietrich Genscher went to the Prague embassy to personally inform the thousands of refugees that they were allowed to leave for West Germany. His speech from the embassy's balcony, which included the line, "Wir sind zu Ihnen gekommen, um Ihnen mitzuteilen, dass heute Ihre Ausreise..." ("We came to you, to let you know that today, your departure...")
546-534: The Central Committee. On 19 October, Krenz asked Gerhard Lauter to draft a new travel policy. Lauter was a former People's Police officer. After rising rapidly through the ranks he had recently been promoted to a position with the Interior Ministry ( "Home Office" / "Department of the Interior" ) as head of the department responsible for issuing passports and the registration of citizens. On 8 November,
588-695: The East German Politburo enacted a portion of the draft travel regulations addressing permanent emigration immediately. Initially, the Politburo planned to create a special border crossing near Schirnding specifically for this emigration. However, Interior Ministry officials and Stasi bureaucrats charged with drafting the new text concluded the proposal was not feasible, and instead crafted new text relating to both emigration and temporary travel. The revised text stipulated East German citizens could apply for permission to travel abroad, without having to meet
630-767: The Eurasian Media Forum and the World Innovation Summit for Education in Doha. A huge rugby fan, Cole is a supporter of the London Welsh RFC , having previously served as a club Director. Fall of the Berlin Wall The fall of the Berlin Wall ( German : Mauerfall , pronounced [ˈmaʊ̯ɐˌfal] ) on 9 November 1989, during the Peaceful Revolution , marked the beginning of
672-662: The Press Office of the Ministry of the Interior has announced, the East German Council of Ministers has decided that the following temporary transition regulation for travel abroad and permanent exit from East Germany will be effective until a corresponding law is put into effect by the Volkskammer : 1) Applications by private individuals for travel abroad can now be made without the previously existing requirements (of demonstrating
714-460: The air as the press conference was ending, and as the lead story at 20:00 on ARD 's Tagesschau . As ARD and ZDF had broadcast to nearly all of East Germany since the late 1950s, were far more widely viewed than the East German channels, and had become accepted by the East German authorities, this is how most of the population heard the news. Later that night, on ARD's Tagesthemen , anchorman Hanns Joachim Friedrichs proclaimed, "This 9 November
756-517: The border and the regulations would go into effect immediately. The news began spreading immediately: the West German Deutsche Presse-Agentur issued a bulletin at 19:04 which reported that East German citizens would be able to cross the inner German border "immediately". Excerpts from Schabowski's press conference were broadcast on West Germany's two main news programs that night—at 19:17 on ZDF 's heute , which came on
798-416: The departments for internal affairs [of the local district or city councils]. c) Permanent exits are possible via all East German border crossings to West Germany and (West) Berlin. d) The temporary practice of issuing (travel) authorizations through East German consulates and permanent exit with only an East German personal identity card via third countries ceases. 3. The attached press release explaining
840-516: The destruction of the Berlin Wall and the figurative Iron Curtain , as East Berlin transit restrictions were overwhelmed and discarded. Sections of the wall were breached, and planned deconstruction began the following June. It was one of the series of events that started the fall of communism in Central and Eastern Europe . The fall of the inner German border took place shortly afterward. An end to
882-422: The end of the press conference, ANSA 's Riccardo Ehrman asked if the draft travel law of 6 November was a mistake. Schabowski gave a confusing answer that asserted it was necessary because West Germany had exhausted its capacity to accept fleeing East Germans, then remembered the note he had been given and added that a new regulation had been drafted to allow permanent emigration at any border crossing. This caused
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#1732898198059924-515: The existing requirements for permanent exit. It is still possible to apply for permanent exit in the departments for internal affairs [of the local district or city councils]. 3) Permanent exits are possible via all East German border crossings to West Germany and (West) Berlin. 4) This decision revokes the temporary practice of issuing (travel) authorizations through East German consulates and permanent exit with only an East German personal identity card via third countries ceases. The announcement of
966-733: The flagship current affairs program of CGTN Europe, the Chinese state broadcaster. Since his retirement, Cole continues to work as a guest lecturer, event host and moderator. Cole is a member of the British Academy of Film and Television Arts ( BAFTA ) and has been a judge in the TV category, and has also hosted the Royal Television Society Technology Awards. He has also chaired the General Conference of UNESCO and hosted
1008-420: The new travel law comes into force. 2. Starting immediately, the following temporary transition regulations for travel abroad and permanent exits from East Germany are in effect: a) Applications by private individuals for travel abroad can now be made without the previously existing requirements (of demonstrating a need to travel or proving familial relationships). The travel authorizations will be issued within
1050-540: The note, which confirmed that it did. After this exchange, Daniel Johnson of The Daily Telegraph asked what this law meant for the Berlin Wall. Schabowski sat frozen before giving a rambling statement about the Wall being tied to the larger disarmament question. He then ended the press conference promptly at 19:00 as journalists hurried from the room. After the press conference, Schabowski sat for an interview with NBC News anchor Tom Brokaw in which he repeated that East Germans would be able to emigrate through
1092-680: The picnic, they were given gifts, food and Deutsche Mark , and then they were persuaded to come to the West." The leadership of the GDR in East Berlin did not dare to completely block the borders of their own country and the USSR did not respond at all. Thus the bracket of the Eastern Bloc was broken. Following the summer of 1989, by early November refugees were finding their way to Hungary via Czechoslovakia or via
1134-454: The press conference included the results of votes at the Central Committee meeting, the surprising removal of SED Bezirk First Secretaries Hans-Joachim Böhme and Werner Walde , the SED's electoral and press reform plans and the new travel regulations. Schabowski had not been involved in the discussions about the new regulations and had not been fully updated. Shortly before the press conference, he
1176-2178: The previous requirements for those trips. To ease the difficulties, the Krenz-led Politburo decided on 9 November refugees could exit directly through crossing points between East Germany and West Germany, including between East and West Berlin. Later the same day, the ministerial administration modified the proposal to include private, round-trip, travel. The new regulations would take effect the next day. Zur Veränderung der Situation der ständigen Ausreise von DDR-Bürgern nach der BRD über die CSSR wird festgelegt: 1) Die Verordnung vom 30. November 1988 über Reisen von Bürgern der DDR in das Ausland (GBl. I Nr. 25 S. 271) findet bis zur Inkraftsetzung des neuen Reisegesetzes keine Anwendung mehr. 2) Ab sofort treten folgende zeitweilige Übergangsregelungen für Reisen und ständige Ausreisen aus der DDR in das Ausland in Kraft: a. Privatreisen nach dem Ausland können ohne Vorliegen von Voraussetzungen (Reiseanlässe und Verwandtschaftsverhältnisse) beantragt werden. Die Genehmigungen werden kurzfristig erteilt. Versagungsgründe werden nur in besonderen Ausnahmefällen angewandt. b. Die zuständigen Abteilungen Paß- und Meldewesen der VPKÄ in der DDR sind angewiesen, Visa zur ständigen Ausreise unverzüglich zu erteilen, ohne daß dafür noch geltende Voraussetzungen für eine ständige Ausreise vorliegen müssen. Die Antragstellung auf ständige Ausreise ist wie bisher auch bei den Abteilungen Innere Angelegenheiten möglich. c. Ständige Ausreisen können über alle Grenzübergangsstellen der DDR zur BRD bzw. zu Berlin (West) erfolgen. d. Damit entfällt die vorübergehend ermöglichte Erteilung von entsprechenden Genehmigungen in Auslandsvertretungen der DDR bzw. die ständige Ausreise mit dem Personalausweis der DDR über Drittstaaten. 3) Über die zeitweiligen Übergangsregelungen ist die beigefügte Pressemitteilung am 10. November 1989 zu veröffentlichen. 1. The decree from 30 November 1988 about travel abroad of East German citizens will no longer be applied until
1218-648: The regime continued to grow. On 1 November, Krenz authorized the reopening of the border with Czechoslovakia , which had been sealed to prevent East Germans from fleeing to West Germany. On 4 November, the Alexanderplatz demonstration took place. On 6 November, the Interior Ministry published a draft of new travel regulations, which made cosmetic changes to Honecker-era rules, leaving the approval process opaque and maintaining uncertainty regarding access to foreign currency. The draft enraged ordinary citizens, and
1260-458: The regulations which brought down the Wall took place at an hour-long press conference led by Günter Schabowski , the outgoing party leader in East Berlin and top party spokesman as Secretary for Information, beginning at 18:00 CET on 9 November and broadcast live on East German television and radio . Schabowski was joined by Minister of Foreign Trade Gerhard Beil and Central Committee members Helga Labs and Manfred Banaschak . Topics of
1302-548: The revamped CNN International in 1995 and the launch of Al Jazeera English in 2006, as well as anchoring for BBC World News , from 1996-2006. He is currently a non-executive director of communications agency Brazil. Cole was born on 29 March 1954, in Hereford , England, to Brian Cole, a businessman, and Patricia Cole (née Smith), who served in the Women's Auxiliary Air Force (WAAF) during World War II at Bletchley Park , where she
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1344-406: The same term This disambiguation page lists articles about people with the same name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stephen_Cole&oldid=1156424987 " Category : Human name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
1386-1521: The temporary transition regulation will be issued on 10 November. Verantwortlich: Regierungssprecher beim Ministerrat der DDR Berlin (ADN) Wie die Presseabteilung des Ministeriums des Innern mitteilt, hat der Ministerrat der DDR beschlossen, daß bis zum Inkrafttreten einer entsprechenden gesetzlichen Regelung durch die Volkskammer folgende zeitweilige Übergangsregelung für Reisen und ständige Ausreisen aus der DDR ins Ausland in Kraft gesetzt wird: 1. Privatreisen nach dem Ausland können ohne Vorliegen von Voraussetzungen (Reiseanlässe und Verwandtschaftsverhältnisse) beantragt werden. Die Genehmigungen werden kurzfristig erteilt. Versagungsgründe werden nur in besonderen Ausnahmefällen angewandt. 2. Die zuständigen Abteilungen Paß- und Meldewesen der VPKÄ in der DDR sind angewiesen, Visa zur ständigen Ausreise unverzüglich zu erteilen, ohne daß dafür noch geltende Voraussetzungen für eine ständige Ausreise vorliegen müssen. Die Antragstellung auf ständige Ausreise ist wie bisher auch bei den Abteilungen Innere Angelegenheiten möglich. 3. Ständige Ausreisen können über alle Grenzübergangsstellen der DDR zur BRD bzw. zu Berlin (West) erfolgen. 4. Damit entfällt die vorübergehend ermöglichte Erteilung von entsprechenden Genehmigungen in Auslandsvertretungen der DDR bzw. die ständige Ausreise mit dem Personalausweis der DDR über Drittstaaten. Responsible: Government spokesman of East Germany; Council of Ministers Berlin ( ADN ) As
1428-492: Was an apparent assumption based on the note's opening paragraph; as Beil attempted to interject that it was up to the Council of Ministers to decide when it took effect, Schabowski proceeded to read this clause, which stated it was in effect until a law on the matter was passed by the Volkskammer . Crucially, a journalist then asked if the regulation also applied to the crossings to West Berlin . Schabowski shrugged and read item 3 of
1470-571: Was based on an idea by Otto von Habsburg to test the reaction of the USSR and Mikhail Gorbachev to an opening of the border, tens of thousands of media-informed East Germans set off for Hungary. Erich Honecker dictated to the Daily Mirror for the Pan-European Picnic: "Habsburg distributed leaflets far into Poland, on which the East German holidaymakers were invited to a picnic. When they came to
1512-457: Was born. Growing to reach a global audience in over 100 countries under Cole's tenure as producer and host from 2000-2006, Click Online - since renamed to simply click - recently celebrated its 1,000th episode. Cole interviewed some of the biggest names in tech at the time, including Bill Gates and Larry Ellison . When Al Jazeera launched its English-language service in 2006, along with other British broadcasters like David Frost , Cole
1554-667: Was denounced as "complete trash" by West Berlin Mayor Walter Momper . Hundreds of refugees crowded onto the steps of the West German embassy in Prague, enraging the Czechoslovaks, who threatened to seal off the East German–Czechoslovak border. On 7 November, Krenz approved the resignation of Prime Minister Willi Stoph and two-thirds of the Politburo; however, Krenz was unanimously re-elected as General Secretary by
1596-411: Was handed a note from Krenz announcing the changes, but given no further instructions on how to handle the information. The text stipulated that East German citizens could apply for permission to travel abroad without having to meet the previous requirements for those trips, and also allowed for permanent emigration between all border crossings—including those between East and West Berlin. At 18:53, near
1638-406: Was met with loud cheers and jubilations. The next day, the first of the embassy refugees left Prague for Bavaria . The emigration was initially tolerated because of long-standing agreements with the communist Czechoslovak government, allowing free travel across their common border. However, this movement of people grew so large it caused difficulties for both countries. In addition, East Germany
1680-754: Was struggling to meet loan payments on foreign borrowings; Egon Krenz sent Alexander Schalck-Golodkowski to unsuccessfully ask West Germany for a short-term loan to make interest payments. The Berlin Wall was made up of two walls. Both walls were 4 metres tall and had a length of 155 kilometres. They were separated by a mined corridor called the death strip . This strip was heavily guarded and included 302 watchtowers (by 1989). Guards had authorisation to shoot people who attempted to go through this strip. On 18 October 1989, longtime Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED) leader Erich Honecker stepped down in favor of Krenz. Honecker had been seriously ill, and those looking to replace him were initially willing to wait for
1722-581: Was tasked with decrypting Luftwaffe signals. He attended the independent Solihull School . At the age of 19, he received occupational guidance which recommended a career with HM Customs & Excise , in agriculture, or in journalism. After receiving his National Certificate for the Training of Journalists from Cardiff University , Cole was hired by the Caters News Agency, as a print reporter on national news and sports. His baptism of fire came during
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1764-689: Was “quickly snapped up”, as senior anchor and news editor, in part due to the exposure he received during the BBC strike. Cole also reported from the field on meetings of the Group of Seven , the World Economic Forum in Davos , and the black market sale of antiquities in Bulgaria . From 2019 until his retirement from broadcast television in 2022, Cole was the executive producer and host of The Agenda with Stephen Cole ,
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