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94-522: (Redirected from Spitzen Leichtathletik ) Annual track and field meet in Lucerne, Switzerland Spitzen Leichtathletik Luzern [REDACTED] Date June–July Location Lucerne , Switzerland [REDACTED] Event type Track and field Established 1987 Official site spitzenleichtathletik.ch The Spitzen Leichtathletik Luzern (English: Top Athletics Lucerne )

188-458: A Fachhochschule ). As of 2000 there are 30,586 households, of which 15,452 households (or about 50.5%) contain only a single individual. 853 or about 2.8% are large households, with at least five members. As of 2000 there were 5,707 inhabited buildings in the municipality, of which 4,050 were built only as housing, and 1,657 were mixed use buildings. There were 1,152 single family homes, 348 double family homes, and 2,550 multi-family homes in

282-507: A bar . Pole jumping was already practiced by the ancient Egyptians , ancient Greeks and the ancient Irish people , although modern pole vaulting, an athletic contest where height is measured, was first established by the German teacher Johann Christoph Friedrich GutsMuths in the 1790s. It has been a full medal event at the Olympic Games since 1896 for men and since 2000 for women. It

376-449: A clearance. This call is made at the discretion of the pole vault official. If the pole breaks during the execution of a vault, it is considered an equipment failure and is ruled a non-jump, neither a make nor a miss. Other types of equipment failure include the standards slipping down or the wind dislodging the bar when no contact was made by the vaulter. Each athlete has a set amount of time in which to make an attempt. The time starts when

470-446: A competition. The effective length of a pole can be changed by gripping the pole higher or lower in relation to the top of the pole. The left and right handgrips are typically a bit more than shoulder width apart. Poles are manufactured for people of all skill levels and body sizes, with lengths between 3.05 m (10 ft 0 in) and 5.30 m (17 ft 5 in) and a wide range of weight ratings. Each manufacturer determines

564-602: A fire on 18 August 1993, allegedly caused by a discarded cigarette. Partway across, the bridge runs by the octagonal Water Tower ( Wasserturm ), a fortification from the 13th century. Inside the bridge are a series of paintings from the 17th century depicting events from Lucerne's history. Downriver, between the Kasernenplatz and the Mühlenplatz, the Spreuer Bridge ( Spreuerbrücke or Mühlenbrücke , Mill Bridge) zigzags across

658-468: A new method of winding the glass fibers around the pole in layers, each wound in a different direction or orientation to provide specific properties to various parts of the pole. This was called Carbon Weave, and their patent was granted on 21 October 2008 (see: US Patent US3491999A ). David J. Dodge and William C. Doble of the Alliance Design and Development Group of New York City, New York, were granted

752-414: A normal competition would. If a tie in the other places still exists, a jump-off is not normally conducted, unless the competition is a qualifying meet, and the tie exists in the final qualifying spot. In this case, an administrative jump-off is conducted to break the tie, but the marks are not considered valid for any other purpose than breaking the tie. A jump-off is a sudden death competition in which

846-509: A patent in 2006 for the manufacture of, "sports equipment having a tubular structural member" which led to the introduction of carbon fiber vaulting poles in 2007 (see: US Patent US7140398B2 ). In 2000, IAAF rule 260.18a (formerly 260.6a) was amended, so that "world records" (as opposed to "indoor world records") can be set in a facility "with or without roof". This rule was not applied retroactively. With many indoor facilities not conforming to outdoor track specifications for size and flatness,

940-562: A peasant army and quickly signed a peace treaty with the rebels in the Swiss peasant war of 1653 . In 1798, nine years after the beginning of the French Revolution , the French army marched into Switzerland. The Old Swiss Confederacy collapsed and the government became democratic. The Industrial Revolution hit Lucerne rather late, and by 1860 only 1.7% of the population worked in industry, which

1034-616: A strong member of the Swiss confederacy. The city developed its infrastructure, raised taxes, and appointed its own local officials. The city's population of 3000 dropped about 40% due to the Black Plague and several wars around 1350. In 1419 town records show the first witch trial against a male person. Among the growing towns of the confederacy, Lucerne was especially popular in attracting new residents. Remaining predominantly Catholic, Lucerne hosted its own annual passion play from 1453 to 1616,

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1128-497: A system of Majorz . The mayor is elected as such as well by public election while the heads of the other directorates are assigned by the collegiate. As of September 2020 , Luzern's City Council is made up of one representative of the SP ( Social Democratic Party , who is also the mayor), and one each of CVP ( Christian Democratic Party ), GPS ( Green Party ), FDP ( FDP.The Liberals ), and glp ( Green Liberal Party ). The last regular election

1222-775: A two-day-long play of 12 hours performance per day. As the confederacy broke up during the Reformation , after 1520, most nearby cities became Protestant, but Lucerne remained Catholic. After the victory of the Catholics over the Protestants in the Battle at Kappel in 1531, the Catholic towns dominated the confederacy. It was during this period that Jesuits first came to Lucerne in 1567, with their arrival given considerable backing by Cardinal Carlo Borromeo , Archbishop of Milan . The region, though,

1316-441: A vaulter achieves a miss on their first attempt at a height, they can pass to the next height, but they will only have two attempts at that height, as they will be out once they achieve three consecutive misses. Similarly, after earning two misses at a height, they could pass to the next height, when they would have only one attempt. The competitor who clears the highest height is the winner. If two or more vaulters have finished with

1410-415: A way as to achieve maximum speed and correct position to initiate takeoff at the end of the approach. A tape measure is laid on the runway so vaulters know exactly where to start their run from. Each vaulter has a certain starting distance, dependent on how many steps away from the box they start. Top class vaulters use approaches with 18 to 22 strides, often referred to as a "step" in which every other foot

1504-737: Is twinned with the following towns: Lucerne has a population (as of 31 December 2021) of 82,771 As of 2021, 20,508 or 24.78% of the population was made up of foreign nationals, of which 18.22% are from Europe , 3.63% from Asia , 1.85% from Africa and 0.97% from America . Over the last 10 years the population has grown at a rate of 1.2%. Most of the population (as of 2020) speak German (83.26%), with English with 7.45%, as well as Italian (5.06%) and Serbo-Croatian (3.80%) being respectively second, third and fourth most common first languages reported. Following, there are Portuguese (2.81%), Spanish (2.53%), Albanian (2.25%) and French (2.11%) language speakers. The age distribution in Lucerne

1598-526: Is (as of 2013 ); 12,916 people or 15.7% of the population is 0–19 years old. 26,381 people or 33.8% are 20–39 years old, and 25,863 people or 32.1% are 40–64 years old. The senior population distribution is 10,530 people or 13.1% are 65–79 years old, 4,208 or 5.2% are 80–89 years old and 900 people or 1.1% of the population are 90+ years old. In Lucerne about 73.6% of the population (between age 25–64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or

1692-404: Is a race against the unbending of the pole. Effectively, this causes a double pendulum motion, with the top of the pole moving forward and pivoting from the box, while the vaulter acts as a second pendulum pivoting from the right hand. This action gives the vaulter the best position possible to be "ejected" off the pole. The swing continues until the hips are above the head and the arms are pulling

1786-2935: Is an annual track and field meet that takes place in Lucerne , Switzerland . First held in 1987, the meeting usually takes place in July at Stadion Allmend . Meeting records [ edit ] Men [ edit ] Men's meeting records of the Spitzen Leichtathletik Luzern Event Record Athlete Nationality Date Ref. 100 m 9.85 (+1.6  m/s ) Yohan Blake [REDACTED]   Jamaica 17 July 2012 200 m 19.86 (+1.5  m/s ) Jason Young [REDACTED]   Jamaica 17 July 2012 400 m 44.45 Butch Reynolds [REDACTED]   United States 1997 800 m 1:42.61 André Bucher [REDACTED]    Switzerland 2000 1500 m 3:36.34 Yared Nuguse [REDACTED]   United States 30 August 2022 3000 m 7:37.98 Dominic Lokinyomo Lobalu [REDACTED]   South Sudan 20 July 2023 5000 m 12:55.21 Jacob Kiplimo [REDACTED]   Uganda 29 June 2021 10,000 m 29:29.85 Markus Graf [REDACTED]    Switzerland 1992 110 m hurdles 13.02 (+1.5  m/s ) Mark Crear [REDACTED]   United States 1995 400 m hurdles 47.68 Derrick Adkins [REDACTED]   United States 1995 3000 m steeplechase 8:13.52 Wilson Boit Kipketer [REDACTED]   Kenya 2002 High jump 2.30 m Yaroslav Rybakov [REDACTED]   Russia 2004 Pole vault 5.75 m Denis Petushinsky [REDACTED]   Russia 1994 Long jump 8.28 m (−0.7  m/s ) Dwight Phillips [REDACTED]   United States 2004 Triple jump 17.41 m (+0.3  m/s ) Aarik Wilson [REDACTED]   United States 2007 Shot put 22.12 m Werner Günthör [REDACTED]    Switzerland 1987 Discus throw 70.53 m Gerd Kanter [REDACTED]   Estonia 15 July 2009 Javelin throw 94.44 m Johannes Vetter [REDACTED]   Germany 11 July 2017 Hammer throw 78.66 m Aleksey Sokirskiy [REDACTED]   Ukraine 17 July 2012 4 × 100 m relay 39.23 Diogo Antunes Francis Obikwelu Arnaldo Abrantes Yazaldes Nascimento [REDACTED]   Portugal 17 July 2013 Women [ edit ] Women's meeting records of

1880-415: Is balanced on standards and can be knocked off when it is hit by a pole vaulter or the pole. Rule changes have led to shorter pegs and crossbar ends that are semi-circular. Although many techniques are used by vaulters at various skill levels to clear the bar , the generally accepted technical model can be broken down into several phases. During the approach the pole vaulter sprints down the runway in such

1974-403: Is counted as one step. For example when a vaulter takes 18 strides, it would be referred to as a 9-step, as 22 strides would be an 11-step. The run-up to the vaulting pit begins forcefully with the vaulter running powerfully in a relaxed, upright position with knees lifted and torso leaning very slightly forward. Right handed vaulters will start with a step back with their right foot before starting

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2068-446: Is determined by the manufacturer by applying a standardized amount of stress (most commonly a 50 lb (23 kg) weight) on the pole and measuring how much the center of the pole is displaced. Therefore, two poles rated at the same weight are not necessarily the same stiffness. Pole stiffness and length are important factors to a vaulter's performance. Therefore, it is not uncommon for an elite vaulter to carry as many as ten poles to

2162-399: Is on the back or shoulders. Landing on the feet should be avoided, to eliminate the risk of injury to the lower extremities, particularly ankle sprains. Rule changes over the years have resulted in larger landing areas and additional padding of all hard and unyielding surfaces. The pole vault crossbar has evolved from a triangular aluminum bar to a round fiberglass bar with rubber ends. This

2256-523: Is presided by Stadtpräsident Beat Züsli . Departmental tasks, coordination measures and implementation of laws decreed by the Grand City Council are carried by the City Council. The regular election of the City Council by any inhabitant valid to vote is held every four years. Any resident of Lucerne allowed to vote can be elected as a member of the City Council. The delegates are selected by means of

2350-450: Is typically classified as one of the four major jumping events in athletics , alongside the high jump , long jump and triple jump . It is unusual among track and field sports in that it requires a significant amount of specialised equipment in order to participate, even at a basic level. A number of elite pole vaulters have had backgrounds in gymnastics , including world record breakers Yelena Isinbayeva and Brian Sternberg , reflecting

2444-580: Is wound a tape made of glass fibers impregnated with a resin. This is baked in an oven and after cooling the mandrel is removed to leave a hollow glass fiber tube. This process was based on a similar method used for manufacturing glass fiber golf clubs patented by the Woolley Manufacturing Company of Escondido, California in 1954 (see: US Patent US2822175A ). In September 2005, Jeffrey P. Watry, Ralph W. Paquin, and Kenneth A. Hursey of Gill Athletic, Champaign, Illinois, filed application to patent

2538-438: The bar as the turn is executed, although ideally the vaulter will remain as vertical as possible. A more accurate description of this phase of the vault may be "the spin" because the vaulter spins around an imaginary axis from head to toe. This is often highly emphasized by spectators and novice vaulters, but it is the easiest phase of the vault and is a result of proper execution of previous phases. This phase mainly consists of

2632-411: The executive government of the city of Lucerne and operates as a collegiate authority . It is composed of five councilors ( German : Stadtrat/-rätin ), each presiding over a directorate ( Direktion ) comprising several departments and bureaus. The president of the executive department acts as mayor ( Stadtpräsident ). In the mandate period ( Legislatur ) September 2020 – August 2024 the City Council

2726-421: The high jump , the landing area was originally a heap of sawdust or sand where athletes landed on their feet. As technology enabled higher vaults, mats evolved into bags of large chunks of foam. Today's mats are foam usually 1–1.5 meters (3 ft 3 in – 4 ft 11 in) thick. They are usually built up with two cross-laid square section logs with gaps between them, topped by a solid layer of foam of

2820-411: The high jump . Unlike high jump, however, the athlete in the vault has the ability to select the horizontal position of the bar, known as the standards, before each jump and can place it a distance beyond the back of the box , the metal pit that the pole is placed into immediately before takeoff. The range of distance the vaulter may place the standards varies depending on the level of competition. If

2914-683: The jg of Luzern , and 4 Green Liberal Party (GLP/PVL) . In the 2019 federal election for the Swiss National Council the most popular party was the PS which received 25.0% (-0.7) of the vote. The next five most popular parties were the Green Party (20.8%, +7.4), the SVP (15.0%, -4.6), the CVP (14.1%, 0), FDP (13.0%, -2.5), the glp (10.5%, +1.8). In the federal election a total of 25,836 votes were cast, and

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3008-580: The voter turnout was 49.5%. In the 2015 election for the Swiss National Council the most popular party was the SP which received 25.8% of the vote. The next five most popular parties were the SVP (19.5%), the FDP (15.4%), the CVP (14.1%), the GPS (13.3%), and the GLP (8.9%). In the federal election, a total of 26,521 voters were cast, and the voter turnout was 49.48%. Lucerne

3102-617: The 1790s. GutsMuths is also considered by many to be the father of modern pole vaulting, as he described jumping standards, the distance of the approach, recommendations on hand grip, and the principles of pole jumping. It was first practiced as a sport in Germany, later spreading to the United Kingdom and the United States. The earliest recorded pole vaulting competition in England where height

3196-401: The 4th place with an only marginally 2% higher tax rate compared to the top canton in this comparison. One of the first export oriented branches was the production of scythes from the 14th century onwards. Lucerne imported iron and steel and the cities blacksmiths produced scythes which were exported to western Switzerland and northern Italy. The workshops of the blacksmiths were located in

3290-400: The City Council and the administration. The delegates are selected by means of a system of proportional representation . The sessions of the Grand City Council are public. Unlike members of the City Council, members of the Grand City Council are not politicians by profession, and they are paid a fee based on their attendance. Any resident of Luzern allowed to vote can be elected as a member of

3384-469: The Columbia Products Company, Columbia, South Carolina. An application filed on 10 March 1967 was granted patent status on 27 January 1970 for the manufacture of, "a vaulting pole of hollow construction with an integral helical winding," and a method of manufacturing the same (see: US Patent US3491999A ). The process starts with a metal tube, referred to in the industry as a mandrel, around which

3478-738: The Grand City Council. The parliament holds its meetings in the Rathaus (Town Hall) am Kornmarkt. The last regular election of the Grand City Council was held on 29 March 2020 for the mandate period ( German : Legislatur ) from September 2020 to August 2024. Currently the Grand City Council consist of 13 members of the Social Democratic Party (SP/PS) and one of its junior section, the JUSO , 9 The Liberals (FDP/PLR) , 7 Christian Democratic People's Party (CVP/PDC) , 7 Swiss People's Party (SVP/UDC) , 6 Green Party (GPS/PES) and one of its junior section,

3572-467: The Reuss. Constructed in 1408, it features a series of medieval-style 17th century plague paintings by Kaspar Meglinger ( de ) titled Dance of Death ( Totentanzzyklus ). The bridge has a small chapel in the middle that was added in 1568. Old Town Lucerne is mainly located just north of the Reuss, and still has several fine half-timber structures with painted fronts. Remnants of the old town walls exist on

3666-576: The Schweizerhof Hotel (1845), Grand Hotel National (1870), and Château Gütsch (1879). It was at the National that Swiss hotelier César Ritz would establish himself as manager between 1878 and 1888. In August 1993, the Kapellbrücke in the centre of the city suffered from a great fire which destroyed two thirds of its interior paintings. The bridge was subsequently reconstructed and reopened to

3760-3473: The Spitzen Leichtathletik Luzern Event Record Athlete Nationality Date Ref. 100 m 10.82 (+0.3  m/s ) Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce [REDACTED]   Jamaica 20 July 2023 200 m 22.32 (+0.8  m/s ) Charonda Williams [REDACTED]   United States 14 July 2015 400 m 50.35 Cathy Freeman [REDACTED]   Australia 1998 800 m 1:58.66 Suzy Hamilton [REDACTED]   United States 1998 1500 m 4:04.82 Sarah Jamieson [REDACTED]   Australia 2004 3000 m 8:45.93 Mercy Cherono [REDACTED]   Kenya 17 July 2012 100 m hurdles 12.44 (−0.8  m/s ) Olga Shishigina [REDACTED]   Kazakhstan 1995 12.44 (+0.9  m/s ) Brianna Rollins-McNeal [REDACTED]   United States 9 July 2018 400 m hurdles 53.63 Janieve Russel [REDACTED]   Jamaica 9 July 2018 3000 m steeplechase 9:32.61 Caroline Tuigong [REDACTED]   Kenya 9 July 2018 High jump 1.98 m Stefka Kostadinova [REDACTED]   Bulgaria 1993 Pole vault 4.81 m Yarisley Silva [REDACTED]   Cuba 17 July 2013 Long jump 6.89 m (+1.0  m/s ) Erica Johansson [REDACTED]   Sweden 1999 Triple jump 14.76 m (+0.9  m/s ) Galina Chistyakova [REDACTED]   Russia 1995 Shot put 21.11 m Valerie Adams [REDACTED]   New Zealand 17 July 2012 Discus throw 64.09 m Yarelis Barrios [REDACTED]   Cuba 8 August 2010 Hammer throw 68.12 m Jennifer Dahlgren [REDACTED]   Argentina 9 July 2018 Javelin throw 67.70 m Kelsey-Lee Barber [REDACTED]   Australia 9 July 2019 4 × 100 m relay 43.75 Tori Bowie Mandy White Muna Lee Vashti Thomas [REDACTED]   United States 17 July 2013 See also [ edit ] Athletissima Weltklasse Zürich References [ edit ] ^ "Spitzen Leichtathletik Luzern" (in German). Spitzenleichtathletik.ch . Retrieved 2012-07-18 . ^ "Spitzen Leichtathletik Luzern Men's 100 m" . Spitzenleichtathletik.ch . Retrieved 2012-07-18 . ^ "Spitzen Leichtathletik Luzern Men's 200 m" . Spitzenleichtathletik.ch . Retrieved 2012-07-18 . ^ "Bruni and Ntakarutimana set records in Rovereto" . World Athletics. 30 August 2022 . Retrieved 16 September 2022 . ^ "3000m Results" . laportal.net . 20 July 2023 . Retrieved 21 July 2023 . ^ Diego Sampaolo (30 June 2021). "Vetter throws 92.14m to light up Lucerne" . World Athletics . Retrieved 15 July 2021 . ^ "Javelin Throw Results" . spitzenleichtathletik.ch . 11 July 2017 . Retrieved 11 July 2017 . ^ Diego Sampaolo (17 July 2013). "Adams, Silva and Young among

3854-407: The amount of fiberglass used is carefully planned to provide the desired length and stiffness of pole. Different fiber types, including carbon-fiber, are used to give poles specific characteristics intended to promote higher jumps. In recent years, carbon fiber has been added to the commonly used E-glass (E for initial electrical use) and S-glass (S for solid) materials to create a lighter pole. As in

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3948-431: The city and its environs in his travel writings after visiting twice, in 1878 and 1897. In 1892 Swiss poet and future Nobel laureate Carl Spitteler also established himself in Lucerne, living there until his death in 1924. Lucerne's status as a fashionable destination led to it becoming one of the first centres of modern-style tourism. Some of the city's most recognisable buildings are hotels from this period, such as

4042-430: The first pole vaulter to clear six metres. Four women have cleared 5 metres. Yelena Isinbayeva was the first to clear 5.00 m ( 16 ft 4 + 3 ⁄ 4  in) on 22 July 2005. On 2 March 2013, Jennifer Suhr cleared 5.02 m ( 16 ft 5 + 1 ⁄ 2  in) indoors to become the second. Sandi Morris cleared 5.00 m ( 16 ft 4 + 3 ⁄ 4  in) on 9 September 2016, to become

4136-417: The greater the kinetic energy that can be achieved and used during the vault. The plant and take-off is initiated typically three steps out from the final step. Vaulters will usually count their steps backwards from their starting point to the box only counting the steps taken on the left foot (vice versa for left-handers). For example, a vaulter on a "ten count" (referring to the number of counted steps from

4230-406: The ground. The plant starts with the vaulter raising their arms up from around the hips or mid-torso until they are fully outstretched above the head, with the right arm extended directly above the head and the left arm extended perpendicular to the pole (vice versa for left-handed vaulters). At the same time, the vaulter is dropping the pole tip into the box . On the final step, the vaulter jumps off

4324-440: The height. If a height is cleared, the vaulter advances to the next height, where they will have three more attempts. Once the vaulter has three consecutive misses, they are out of the competition and the highest height they cleared is their result. A "no height", often denoted "NH", refers to the failure of a vaulter to clear any bar during the competition. Once the vaulter enters the competition, they can choose to pass heights. If

4418-401: The heights attained increased, bamboo poles gave way to tubular aluminum , which was tapered at each end. Today's pole vaulters benefit from poles produced by wrapping pre-cut sheets of fiberglass that contains resin around a metal pole mandrel, to produce a slightly curved pole that bends more easily under the compression caused by an athlete's take-off. The shape of the fiberglass sheets and

4512-546: The help of these additions, the rule of Austria over the area came to an end. The issue was settled by Lucerne's victory over the Habsburgs in the Battle of Sempach in 1386. For Lucerne this victory ignited an era of expansion. The city shortly granted many rights to itself, rights which had been withheld by the Habsburgs until then. By this time the borders of Lucerne were approximately those of today. In 1415 Lucerne gained Reichsfreiheit from Emperor Sigismund and became

4606-502: The hill above Lucerne, complete with eight tall watch towers. An additional gated tower sits at the base of the hill on the banks of the Reuss . The twin needle towers of the Church of St. Leodegar , which was named after the city's patron saint, sit on a small hill just above the lake front. Originally built in 735, the present structure was erected in 1633 in the late Renaissance style. However,

4700-406: The hips, while trying to keep the trail leg straight to store more potential energy into the pole, the rowing motion also keeps the pole bent for a longer period of time for the vaulter to get into optimum position. When parallel to the pole the left arm hugs the pole tight to efficiently use the recoil within the pole. The goal is to carry out these motions as thoroughly and as quickly as possible; it

4794-572: The jurisdiction of Murbach Abbey, and the founding of the city proper probably occurred that same year. The city gained importance as a strategically located gateway for the growing commerce from the Gotthard trade route. By 1290, Lucerne had become a self-sufficient city of reasonable size with about 3000 inhabitants. About this time King Rudolph I von Habsburg gained authority over the Monastery of St. Leodegar and its lands, including Lucerne. The populace

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4888-520: The locals to jump onto or over objects. From c. 1800 BC to c. 550 BC, a sport akin to pole vaulting was probably included in the Irish Tailteann Games , although the pole might have been used for gaining distance rather than height, as ancient Irish farmers used poles to jump over canals and rivers. Modern pole vaulting, an athletic contest where height is measured, was first established by the German teacher Johann Christoph Friedrich GutsMuths in

4982-630: The main spoken language is the local variant of the Alemannic Swiss German dialect, Lucerne German . After the fall of the Roman Empire beginning in the 6th century, Germanic Alemannic peoples increased their influence on this area of present-day Switzerland. Around 750 the Benedictine Monastery of St. Leodegar was founded, which was later acquired by Murbach Abbey in Alsace in

5076-560: The middle of the 9th century, and by this time the area had become known as Luciaria . The origin of the name is uncertain, it is possibly derived from the Latin name of the pike , lucius , thus designating a pike fishing spot in the river Reuss. Derivation from the theonym Lugus has been suggested but is phonetically implausible. In any case, the name was associated by popular etymology with Latin lucerna 'lantern' from an early time. In 1178 Lucerne acquired its independence from

5170-453: The municipality is entirely surrounded by the lake and by land of the canton of Nidwalden . It does not contain any significant settlements, but the summit of the Bürgenstock is the highest point of the municipality. The municipality has an area of 29.1 square kilometers (11.2 sq mi). Of this area and as of 2009 , 28.0% is used for agricultural purposes, while 22.3% is forested. Of

5264-447: The municipality. Most homes were either two (787) or three (1,468) story structures. There were only 74 single story buildings and 1,721 four or more story buildings. The historical population of Lucerne is given in the following table: The city grew up around Sankt Leodegar Abbey, founded in AD 840, and remained strongly Roman Catholic into the 21st century. By 1850, 96.9% of the population

5358-406: The number of vaulters remaining. If the vaulter fails to begin an attempt within this time, the vaulter is charged with a time foul and the attempt is a miss. Poles are manufactured with ratings corresponding to the vaulter's maximum weight. As a safety precaution, some organizations forbid use of poles rated below the vaulter's weight. The recommended weight roughly corresponds to a flex rating that

5452-410: The official deems the standards to be set, ready for the athlete to attempt their jump. When every athlete is still in the competition, each vaulter has one minute to complete their jump. When 3 athletes are remaining the time moves to 2 minutes. 2 athletes remaining gets 3 minutes. After the final jumper remains, he or she gets 5 minutes on the runway. The amount of time varies by level of competition and

5546-471: The outfall. The city's suburbs climb the hills to the north-east and south-west, and stretch out along the river and lake banks, whilst the recently added area of Littau is to the north-west. Besides this contiguous city area, the municipality also includes an exclave on the south shore of Lake Lucerne some 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) away, comprising the northern slopes of the Bürgenstock . This section of

5640-589: The outskirts of the city due to fire concerns. The workshops at the Krienbach creek included hammers moved by watermills. Since the city straddles the Reuss where it drains the lake, it has a number of bridges. These include the Chapel Bridge ( Kapellbrücke ), a 204 m (669 ft) long wooden covered bridge originally built in 1333, the oldest covered bridge in Europe , although much of it had to be replaced after

5734-403: The pole close to the chest; from there the vaulter shoots their legs up over the cross bar while keeping the pole close. The extension refers to the extension of the hips upward with outstretched legs as the shoulders drive down, causing the vaulter to be positioned upside down. This position is often referred to as "inversion". While this phase is executed, the pole begins to recoil, propelling

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5828-407: The pole used by the athlete dislodges the bar from the uprights, a foul attempt is ruled, even if the athlete has cleared the height. An athlete does not benefit from quickly leaving the landing pad before the bar has fallen. The exception to this rule is if the vaulter is vaulting outdoors and has made a clear effort to throw the pole back, but the wind has blown the pole into the bar; this counts as

5922-404: The pole vault was the only world record set indoors until 2022. Today, athletes compete in the pole vault as one of the four jumping events in track and field . Because the high jump and pole vault are both vertical jumps, the competitions are conducted similarly. Each athlete can choose at what height they would like to enter the competition. Once they enter, they have three attempts to clear

6016-539: The population of the municipality were employed in some capacity. At the same time, women made up 47.9% of the workforce. Lucerne is home to a number of major Swiss companies, including AlpTransit Gotthard rail link , Schindler Group , Chronoswiss , Emmi , and the Luzerner Kantonalbank . Suva , one of Switzerland's oldest accident insurance companies, is also based in Lucerne, as is the University of Lucerne ,

6110-540: The public in April 1994, after a total of CHF 3.4 million was spent on its repair. On June 17, 2007, voters of the city of Lucerne and the adjacent town of Littau agreed to a merger in a simultaneous referendum . This took effect on January 1, 2010. The new city, still called Lucerne, has a population of around 80,000 people, making it the seventh-largest city in Switzerland. The results of this referendum are expected to pave

6204-431: The question. As of  2012 , there were a total of 77,641 people employed in the municipality. Of these, a total of 166 people worked in 53 businesses in the primary economic sector . The secondary sector employed 7,326 workers in 666 separate businesses. Finally, the tertiary sector provided 70,149 jobs in 6,929 businesses. In 2013 a total of 11.0% of the population received social assistance. As of 2000 51.7% of

6298-426: The rest of the land, 47.6% is settled (buildings or roads) and the remainder (2.1%) is non-productive (rivers, glaciers or mountains). Between 1961 and 1990 Lucerne had an average of 138.1 days of rain per year and on average received 1,171 mm (46.1 in) of precipitation . The wettest month was June during which time Lucerne received an average of 153 mm (6.0 in) of rainfall. During this month there

6392-428: The run, left handed vaulters with their left back to begin. The head, shoulders and hips are aligned, the vaulter increasing speed as the body becomes erect. The tip of the vaulting pole is angled higher than eye level until three paces from takeoff, when the pole tip descends efficiently, amplifying run speed as the pole is planted into the vault box. The faster the vaulter can run and the more efficient their take-off is,

6486-417: The same height, the tie is broken by the number of misses at the final height. If the tied vaulters have the same number of misses at the last height cleared, the tie is broken by the total number of misses in the competition. If there is still a tie for first place, a jump-off occurs to break the tie. Marks achieved in this type of jump-off are considered valid and count for any purpose that a mark achieved in

6580-462: The same thickness. This lattice construction is wrapped in a close-fitting cover topped with nylon mesh, which allows some air to escape, thus combining both foam and a measure of air cushioning. The final layer is a large mat of mesh-covered foam which is clipped around the edges of the complete pit and prevents the athlete from falling between the individual bags. Mats are growing larger in area as well to minimize risk of injury. Proper landing technique

6674-508: The shores of Lake Lucerne ( German : Vierwaldstättersee ) and its outflow, the river Reuss , within sight of the mounts Pilatus and Rigi in the Swiss Alps , Lucerne has long been a destination for tourists. One of the city's landmarks is the Chapel Bridge (German: Kapellbrücke ), a wooden bridge first erected in the 14th century. The official language of Lucerne is German , but

6768-568: The similar physical attributes required for the sports. Physical attributes such as speed, agility and strength, along with technical skill, are essential to pole vaulting. Pole jumping was already practiced by the ancient Egyptians , ancient Greeks and the ancient Irish people . As depicted on stone engravings and artifacts dating back to c. 2500 BC, the Egyptians used spears to mount enemy structures, and to pass over irrigation ditches . Vases and pots from Greece show that poles were used by

6862-484: The south in 1897. The 1804 play William Tell by Friedrich Schiller did much to establish the reputation of Lucerne and its environs. Schiller himself had not been to Lucerne, but was inspired to write the play by his wife Lotte and his friend Johann Wolfgang von Goethe , who had both personally visited the city and its surrounding canton. Goethe had lodged in the Hirschenplatz on his route to Italy in 1779. It

6956-2346: The spotlight in Lucerne" . IAAF . Retrieved 26 July 2019 . ^ Diego Sampaolo (17 July 2013). "Adams, Silva and Young among the winners in Lucerne" . IAAF . Retrieved 18 July 2013 . External links [ edit ] SpitzenLeichtathletik.ch - official website Meeting records v t e European Athletics Outdoor Permit Meetings Memorial Primo Nebiolo Meeting Lille-Métropole Josef Odložil Memorial Meeting de la Ville de Reims Internationales Hochsprung-Meeting Eberstadt Paavo Nurmi Games Palio Città della Quercia Meeting of Andújar Athletics Bridge Brothers Znamensky Memorial European Athletics Festival Bydgoszcz Cezmi Or Memorial Meeting Città di Padova Copenhagen Athletics Games Gothenburg Athletics Grand Prix Internationales Leichtathletik Meeting Dessau Gugl Games Gyulai István Memorial Meeting Iberoamericano de Atletismo Meeting international de Montreuil Irena Szewińska Memorial Janusz Kusociński Memorial Kamila Skolimowska Memorial Karlstad Grand Prix KBC Night of Athletics Spitzen Leichtathletik Luzern Meeting de Marseille Notturna di Milano International Athletic Meeting in Honor of Miner's Day Sollentuna Grand Prix Meeting Sport Solidarietà Meeting Stanislas Meeting international Sotteville-lès-Rouen Terra Sarda [REDACTED] Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spitzen_Leichtathletik_Luzern&oldid=1244316055 " Categories : European Athletic Association meetings Sport in Lucerne Athletics in Switzerland Recurring sporting events established in 1987 1987 establishments in Switzerland World Athletics Continental Tour meetings Hidden categories: CS1 German-language sources (de) Articles with short description Short description matches Wikidata Lucerne Owing to its location on

7050-457: The starting point to the box) would count backwards from ten, only counting the steps taken with the left foot. These last three steps are normally quicker than the previous strides and are referred to as the "turn-over". The goal of this phase is to efficiently translate the kinetic energy accumulated from the approach into potential energy stored by the elasticity of the pole, and to gain as much initial vertical height as possible by jumping off

7144-404: The tied vaulters attempt the same height, starting with the last attempted height. If both vaulters miss, the bar goes down by a small increment, and if both clear, the bar goes up by a small increment. A jump-off ends when one vaulter clears and the other misses. Each vaulter gets one attempt at each height until one clears and one misses. The equipment and rules for pole vaulting are similar to

7238-539: The top of the cross bar to ensure their elbows and face do not knock it off. The elite vaulter's center of gravity passes underneath the crossbar when they have their hips in the highest position like the crotch of an upside-down 'V'. The vaulter should land near the middle of the foam landing mats, or pit, face up. Landing on the feet or stomach first may lead to injuries or other problems. The "six metres club" consists of pole vaulters who have reached at least 6.00 m (19 ft 8 in). In 1985 Sergey Bubka became

7332-590: The towers are surviving remnants of an earlier structure. The interior is richly decorated. The church is popularly called the Hofkirche (in German) and is known locally as the Hofchile (in Swiss-German). Pole vault Pole vaulting , also known as pole jumping , is a track and field event in which an athlete uses a long and flexible pole, usually made from fiberglass or carbon fiber , as an aid to jump over

7426-417: The trail leg which should always remain straight and then drives the front knee forward. As the pole slides into the back of the box the pole begins to bend and the vaulter continues up and forward, leaving the trail leg angled down and behind, the body in a backwards 'C' position. The swing and row simply consists of the vaulter swinging the trail leg forward and rowing the pole, bringing the top arm down to

7520-415: The vaulter pushing off the pole and releasing it so the pole falls away from the crossbar and mats. As the torso goes over and around the crossbar, the vaulter is facing the crossbar. Rotation of the body over the bar occurs naturally, and the vaulter's main concern is making sure that his arms, face and any other appendages do not knock the bar off as they go over. Vaulters aim to whip their upper torso around

7614-403: The vaulter quickly upward. The hands of the vaulter remain close to the body as they move from the shins back to the region around the hips and upper torso. The turn is executed immediately during the end of the rockback. As the name implies, the vaulter turns 180° toward the pole while extending the arms down past the head and shoulders. Typically the vaulter will begin to angle their body toward

7708-404: The way for negotiations with other nearby cities and towns in an effort to create a unified city-region, based on the results of a study. Lucerne is located at the outfall of Lake Lucerne into the river Reuss , which flows from south-east to north-west. The city occupies both banks of the river and the lowest reach of the lake, with the city centre straddling the river immediately downstream of

7802-778: The weight rating for the pole and the location of the maximum handhold band. Speed is an essential element to high jumps. The horizontal kinetic energy produced by the run ( E k = 1 2 m v 2 ) {\displaystyle (E_{k}={\frac {1}{2}}mv^{2})} is converted to vertical propulsion ( E p = m g h ) {\displaystyle (E_{p}=mgh)} . Assuming no loss of energy ( E k = E p ) {\displaystyle (E_{k}=E_{p})} , this means that h = v 2 2 g {\displaystyle h={\frac {v^{2}}{2g}}} . Competitive pole vaulting began using solid ash poles. As

7896-767: The winners in Lucerne" . IAAF . Retrieved 18 July 2013 . ^ "100m Results" . laportal.net . 20 July 2023 . Retrieved 20 July 2023 . ^ "200m Heat A Results" . pulscom.ch. 14 July 2015 . Retrieved 14 July 2015 . ^ Diego Sampaolo (10 July 2018). "McNeal clocks 12.44 in Lucerne, Edward takes sprint double" . IAAF . Retrieved 17 July 2018 . ^ Diego Sampaolo (10 July 2018). "McNeal clocks 12.44 in Lucerne, Edward takes sprint double" . IAAF . Retrieved 17 July 2018 . ^ Diego Sampaolo (10 July 2018). "McNeal clocks 12.44 in Lucerne, Edward takes sprint double" . IAAF . Retrieved 17 July 2018 . ^ Diego Sampaolo (17 July 2013). "Adams, Silva and Young among

7990-400: The winners in Lucerne" . IAAF . Retrieved 18 July 2013 . ^ "Spitzen Leichtathletik Luzern Women's Shot Put" . Spitzenleichtathletik.ch . Retrieved 2012-07-18 . ^ "Luzern (Switzerland), 9.7.2018 -Spitzen Leichtathletik-" . trackinsun.blogspot.com . 9 July 2018 . Retrieved 17 August 2018 . ^ Diego Sampaolo (9 July 2019). "Barber and Röhler in

8084-536: The youngest of Switzerland's traditional universities. An international company is the EF Education First . Thanks to its continuous tax-cutting policies, Lucerne has become Switzerland's most business-friendly canton. As of 2012 Lucerne offers Switzerland's lowest corporate tax rate at cantonal level. Furthermore, Lucerne also offers very moderate personal income tax rates. In a recent published study of BAK Basel Economics taxation index 2012, Lucerne made it to

8178-532: Was Catholic, in 1900 it was 81.9% and in 1950 it was still 72.3%. In the 2000 census the religious membership of Lucerne was: 35,682 (60%) Roman Catholic, 9,227 (15.5%) Protestant, with an additional 1,979 (3.33%) who were of some other Christian denominations; 1,824 individuals (3.07% of the population) Muslim; 196 individuals (0.33% of the population) Jewish. Of the remainder, 1,073 (1.8%) individuals were another religion; 6,310 (10.61%) stated they do not belong to any organized religion; and 3,205 (5.39%) did not answer

8272-425: Was about a quarter of the national average at that time. Agriculture , which employed about 40% of the workers, was the main form of economic output in the canton. Nevertheless, industry was attracted to the city from areas around Lucerne. From 1850 to 1913, the population quadrupled and the flow of settlers increased. In 1856 trains first linked the city to Olten and Basel, then Zug and Zürich in 1864 and finally to

8366-399: Was destined to be dominated by Protestant cities such as Zürich, Bern and Basel , which defeated the Catholic forces in the 1712 Toggenburg War . The former prominent position of Lucerne in the confederacy was lost forever. In the 16th and 17th centuries, wars and epidemics became steadily less frequent and as a result the population of the country increased strongly. Lucerne was besieged by

8460-519: Was during the latter part of the 19th century that Lucerne became a popular destination for artists, royalty and others to escape to. The German composer Richard Wagner established a residence at Tribschen in 1866, where he lived and worked. The city was then boosted by a visit by Queen Victoria to the city in 1868, during which she went sightseeing at the Kapellbrücke and Lion Monument and relished speaking with local people in her native German. The American writer Mark Twain further popularised

8554-499: Was held on 29 March/28 June 2020. All members have been re-elected, though two of them (Bitz Staub and Jost) only with the second round. Michèle Bucher (FDP) is Town Chronicler ( Stadtschreiberin ) since 2020. The Grosse Stadtrat of Luzern for the mandate period of 2020-2024 The Grand City Council ( Grosser Stadtrat ) holds legislative power . It is made up of 48 members, with elections held every four years. The Grand City Council decrees regulations and by-laws that are executed by

8648-492: Was measured took place at the Ulverston Football and Cricket Club , Lancashire, north of the sands , in 1843. Pole vault was one of the athletics events of the inaugural Olympic Games in 1896 . Originally, poles were made of ash and from hickory wood. Bamboo poles were introduced in 1904, and both aluminum and steel poles appeared after 1945. Glass fiber vaulting poles were invented in 1967 by James Monroe Lindler of

8742-458: Was not content with the increasing Habsburg influence, and Lucerne allied with neighboring towns to seek independence from their rule. Along with Lucerne, the three other forest cantons of Uri , Schwyz and Unterwalden formed the "eternal" Swiss Confederacy , known as the Eidgenossenschaft , on November 7, 1332. Later the cities of Zürich , Zug and Bern joined the alliance. With

8836-434: Was rainfall for an average of 14.2 days. The driest month of the year was February with an average of 61 mm (2.4 in) of precipitation over 10.2 days. Climate in this area has mild differences between highs and lows, and there is adequate rainfall year-round. The Köppen Climate Classification subtype for this climate is " Cfb " (Marine West Coast Climate/ Oceanic climate ). The City Council ( Stadtrat ) constitutes

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