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31-484: Spenborough was, from 1915 to 1974, a local government district in the administrative county of Yorkshire, West Riding , England. Spenborough was created as an urban district in 1915 by the merger of Cleckheaton , Gomersal and Liversedge urban districts. The amalgamation was carried out at the instigation of Cleckheaton Urban District Council, in order to resist plans by the County Borough of Bradford to annex

62-426: A county border, the entire district would be considered part of the county in which the larger part was. This condition was maintained with the expansion of urban districts and municipal boroughs . Towns that were split by historic borders and were unified in one administrative county include Banbury , Mossley , Tamworth , Todmorden . Urban districts to annexe areas in another counties include: Additionally,

93-465: A list of administrative counties: it was not until 1933 and the passing of a new Local Government Act that they were enumerated in the Act's schedule. Unlike the 1888 Act, the 1933 Act did not include county boroughs as administrative counties. In legislation and formal documents the suffix " shire " was generally not used: for example, Bedfordshire was referred to as "the administrative county of Bedford" and

124-596: A post-War nadir, a population not seen since the early 19th century in 1981 having 2,550,100 residents, after which an upward trend ensued and Inner London residents numbered 3,231,901 in 2011 — 1,766,336 short of the 1911 peak. For the purposes of the London Plan planning document produced by the Mayor of London , Inner London consists of the City of London, all the statutory Inner London boroughs, and Newham. The area covered by

155-446: Is usually classed as an inner London local authority. The Office for National Statistics and Eurostat define Inner London differently, explicitly including the City of London , adding Haringey and Newham , but excluding Greenwich . The land area is 319 km (123 sq mi) and the population at the 2021 Census was 3,404,300. Figures before 1971 have been reconstructed by

186-496: The Local Government Act 1888 ( 51 & 52 Vict. c. 41), which established an elected county council for each area. Some geographically large historic counties were divided into several administrative counties, each with its own county council. The administrative counties operated until 1974, when they were replaced by a system of metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties under the Local Government Act 1972 . In 1888

217-664: The London postal district is sometimes referred to as "Inner London". However it is not coterminous with other definitions of Inner London as its area is somewhat larger and covers 624 km (241 sq mi). The southern part of the London Borough of Lewisham as well as a small part of the Royal Borough of Greenwich fall outside its boundaries whilst 44 of its 119 districts are in Outer London and its irregular shape stretches to

248-530: The Courts of Quarter Sessions . Additionally there was a County of London which covered the area today known as Inner London . The Isle of Wight was previously administered as part of Hampshire but became its own administrative county in 1890. In 1894 a uniform two-tier system was established outside the county boroughs and London, with subdivisions of the administrative counties called urban districts , rural districts and municipal boroughs . The structure

279-710: The GDP per capita was more than €80,000 while the UK GDP per capita was around €27,000. The area that is now Inner London was defined by the Registrar General as a collection of parishes called "London" and appeared in the 1851 Census . At the time the metropolitan area—commonly called the Metropolis—had its origins in the area of the Bills of mortality that had expanded from the tiny City of London into three surrounding counties over

310-665: The Greater London boundary at Mill Hill and Scratch Wood and beyond it at Sewardstone . From 1990 to 2000 London used two separate telephone dialling codes with one code designated for Inner London , however the area covered by this code was widely different from all of the above definitions and most of Greater London is now covered by a single 020 dialling code. There are approximately 200,000 businesses with around 2,000,000 employees in Inner London. 56% of all private sector jobs in Greater London are located in Inner London. There

341-462: The Northamptonshire council as the "county council of Northampton". In the case of Lancashire and Cheshire the councils were officially the "county council of the palatine county". Shropshire was always officially entitled the "county of Salop". The right of Berkshire to be described as a "royal county" was recognised by the monarch in 1958. On 1 April 1959 the administrative county of Southampton

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372-451: The Office for National Statistics based on past censuses in order to fit the 2001 limits. Figures from 1981 onward are ONS midyear estimates (revised as of 2010). After centuries of increase, the population of Inner London reached its peak of 4,998,237 in 1911. The area's population from World War I began a steady decline as that of Outer London continued to increase. The census of 1951 showed

403-429: The administrative counties had a number of exclaves . During the 1890s most of these were eliminated, with parishes being exchanged between counties. The boundaries of Gloucestershire, Worcestershire and Wiltshire contained numerous enclaves and exclaves, and were realigned in 1931. Throughout the next century, debates took place about what should be done about local government in respect of the increasing urbanisation of

434-538: The administrative counties were abolished by the Local Government Act 1972 and replaced with the metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties of England . Inner London Inner London is smaller than Outer London both in terms of population and area, but the population density is more than double that of Outer London. Inner London is officially the wealthiest area in Europe with the most expensive street in Europe: as of 2013,

465-616: The area. The name "Spenborough", after the River Spen , was also suggested by Cleckheaton UDC. The district was expanded in 1937 by taking in the abolished Birkenshaw and Hunsworth urban districts, as well as part of the parishes of Clifton and Hartshead from the Halifax Rural District . Attempts to incorporate neighbouring Heckmondwike which is considered to be in the Spen Valley area, were never successful. On 29 July 1955, it

496-772: The borough's abolition in 1974, the name continues in use in the area. Examples are the Spenborough Guardian , a Cleckheaton-based local newspaper and the Spenborough and District Athletic Club, both in Liversedge. 53°43′08″N 1°41′38″W  /  53.719°N 1.694°W  / 53.719; -1.694 This West Yorkshire location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Administrative counties of England Administrative counties were subnational divisions of England used for local government from 1889 to 1974. They were created by

527-452: The counties and the county boroughs. When a county borough expanded into territory of a county that was not the one it came from, maps sometimes showed this as an increase in size of the county which the county borough was associated with. Monmouthshire , not shown on the map, was reckoned for some legal purposes among the English counties for most of this period. The 1888 Act did not contain

558-463: The country. Proposals to expand or change county boroughs or to create larger urban counties were discussed, but nothing happened until 1963, when legislation was passed to come into effect in 1965. The County of London was abolished, and replaced by Greater London , a sui generis council area, taking the three of the surrounding county boroughs, more of Surrey and Kent , parts of Essex and Hertfordshire and consuming nearly all of Middlesex –

589-413: The creation and extension of county boroughs and the elimination of outlying exclaves and other anomalies. As urbanisation increased, and suburbs were built on a scale not seen before, the urban areas surrounding various towns and cities started to cross traditional county borders. The Local Government Act 1888 ( 51 & 52 Vict. c. 41) provided that in the case that an urban sanitary district crossed

620-462: The damage inflicted by the 1940s Blitz as the population of Greater London switched into decline which was reversed in Outer London with house building and territory expansion whereas in Inner London continued. The war damage and early 20th century slums had physical and psychological hence property price effects and focus on New Towns and suburban development reflected a drive among urban planners for greener, less dense settlements. Inner London reached

651-611: The government, led by the Tory prime minister Lord Salisbury established county councils throughout England and Wales , covering areas known as administrative counties . Many larger towns and cities were given the status of county borough , with similar powers and independent of county council control. Under the Act, each county borough was an "administrative county of itself". Cambridgeshire , Lincolnshire , Northamptonshire , Suffolk , Sussex , and Yorkshire were split up for administrative purposes, following historical divisions used by

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682-524: The municipality should be treated as part of Inner London for statutory purposes, as it is for statistical purposes (see below). This would benefit the borough financially. Only the North Woolwich area of Newham fell within the former County of London , however, and the council's advocacy has not borne fruit. The City of London was not designated as an Inner London borough, but the Corporation of London

713-576: The previous several hundred years. The area become fixed in 1847 with the addition of Lewisham Poor Law Union and the parish of Hampstead. In 1855 the Registrar General area, with the addition of Penge , was used to define the district of the Metropolitan Board of Works . The Metropolis was also described as Inner London from the 1881 Census. In 1889 this area became the County of London . The area

744-501: The remaining parts being ceded to Surrey and Hertfordshire. Some other changes took place, such as the Soke of Peterborough and Huntingdonshire being merged into Huntingdon and Peterborough , and the merger of the original Cambridgeshire with the Isle of Ely to form Cambridgeshire and Isle of Ely . The map shows the counties and county boroughs just prior to their abolition in 1974. In 1974

775-478: The territory and population of administrative counties was reduced by the increasing numbers of county boroughs , and extensions thereof. This was recognised as a problem, and the process of creation and enlargement of such boroughs was made more difficult by the Local Government (County Boroughs and Adjustments) Act 1926 . By June 1970 25% of the population were within the county boroughs. On creation, many of

806-611: Was adjusted in 1900 when Penge was transferred to Kent and South Hornsey was gained from Middlesex. The "Inner London boroughs " were defined by the London Government Act 1963 . The Inner London boroughs occupied the same area as the County of London that was abolished as they were created. North Woolwich was an anomaly as it was part of the County of London, but became part of an Outer London borough. The main difference between Inner and Outer London boroughs between 1965 and 1990

837-542: Was complete once the County of London was divided into metropolitan boroughs in 1900. Most exclaves of counties were eliminated under the Counties (Detached Parts) Act 1844 , but in 1894 county councils were given the power to adjust county boundaries, and most of the remaining anomalies were removed in the next few years. For example, the Measham area of Derbyshire was transferred to Leicestershire in 1897. The map shows

868-524: Was granted a charter of incorporation creating it a municipal borough . In 1974, Spenborough was abolished under the Local Government Act 1972 , with its area forming part of the Metropolitan Borough of Kirklees , West Yorkshire . Today, Kirklees Council recognises the former Spenborough borough area, with neighbouring Heckmondwike, as the Spen Valley Locality in its structure. Despite

899-449: Was renamed as Hampshire. This system was the basis of the ceremonial counties used for Lieutenancy – except that Cambridgeshire, Hampshire, Lincolnshire, Northamptonshire, Suffolk and Sussex were not split for Lieutenancy. (Yorkshire, however, was). The table lists the area and population of each administrative county at the censuses of 1891 and 1961. Several county councils had administrative headquarters outside of their area. This

930-454: Was that the councils of the inner boroughs were not local education authorities and there was a single Inner London Education Authority for the area, including the City of London . The inner borough councils became local education authorities on 1 April 1990. The statutory definition is used as part of the grant settlement used to finance local government. The statutory Inner London boroughs are: Newham London Borough Council argues that

961-429: Was usually because the traditional county town was a county borough. The headquarters of Derbyshire, Leicestershire and Nottinghamshire county councils were moved from the county boroughs to locations within their respective administrative counties. The boundaries of the administrative counties changed considerably over time. The reasons for this were threefold: the growth of towns on either side of an existing boundary,

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