A radio orchestra (or broadcast orchestra ) is an orchestra employed by a radio network (and sometimes television networks ) in order to provide programming as well as sometimes perform incidental or theme music for various shows on the network. In the heyday of radio such orchestras were numerous, performing classical, popular, light music and jazz. However, in recent decades, broadcast orchestras have become increasingly rare. Those that still exist perform mainly classical and contemporary orchestral music, though broadcast light music orchestras, jazz orchestras and big bands are still employed by some radio stations in Europe.
23-641: The Southwest German Radio Symphony Orchestra (also known in English as the SWR Baden-Baden Freiburg Symphony Orchestra and in German as the Sinfonieorchester des Südwestrundfunks ) was a German radio orchestra located in the German cities of Baden-Baden and Freiburg . The first incarnation of the orchestra occurred in 1946, initially with members of the discontinued spa orchestra of
46-792: A Big Band in Frankfurt and the Berlin Radio Symphony Orchestra, Berlin. The British Broadcasting Corporation operates five full-time permanent orchestras, as well as a full-time chamber choir, the BBC Singers and the BBC Big Band . Denmark also maintains orchestra in the form of the Danish National Symphony Orchestra , the Danish Radio Big Band , Chamber Orchestra and Radio Choir. In Norway NRK runs
69-471: A joint third television channel, known as Südwest 3 or S3 . The new channel operated on only three days a week at first, then expanded to four days in September 1969, and to the whole week in 1971. On 30 August 1998, S3 became SR Südwest Fernsehen , planned in co-operation with Südwestrundfunk , the successor to SWF and SDR. Since 11 September 2006 it has been called simply SR Fernsehen. 70% of its programming
92-417: A monthly 18,36 Euro "Rundfunkbeitrag" (broadcast contribution fee) to finance the public broadcast system. The fee is collected by Beitragsservice von ARD, ZDF und Deutschlandradio . SR provides programmes to various TV and radio networks, some done in collaboration with other broadcasters, and others completely independently. Beside FM transmitters SR is using DAB since December 30th, 2000. Since 2012 SR
115-667: A second radio network, SR2. The Saarland became part of the Federal Republic of Germany in 1957 and Saarländischer Rundfunk was converted into a public broadcasting corporation, patterned on the system in other Länder , and renamed Saarländischer Rundfunk . The organization joined the ARD alliance of broadcasting corporations in 1959. On 5 April 1969, the three broadcasters then covering southwest Germany – Saarländischer Rundfunk, Südwestfunk (SWF; Southwest Broadcasting), and Süddeutscher Rundfunk (SDR, South German Broadcasting) – initiated
138-930: A year. In the Netherlands, the Muziekcentrum van de Omroep ( Broadcasting Music Centre ), an umbrella organization of the Netherlands Public Broadcasting associations, supports the Radio Filharmonisch Orkest , the Radio Kamer Filharmonie , the Groot Omroepkoor ( Netherlands Radio Choir ), and the Metropole Orkest , the world's largest professional pop and jazz orchestra. The last surviving broadcast orchestra in North America
161-645: Is a public radio and television broadcaster serving the German state of Saarland . With headquarters in the Halberg Broadcasting House in Saarbrücken , SR is a member of the ARD consortium of German public-broadcasting organizations. The history of Saarland Radio is closely linked to the history of Saarland , as an independent island between Germany and France. Broadcasting in the Saarland began in 1929, under
184-448: Is identical to that of the new SWR Fernsehen, but the on-screen logo and other graphic-design features are different. A teletext service, Saartext, has operated since 2 October 1989. On 1 November 1964, the SR reorganized its radio services, converting SR1 – previously a general network – into the music station SR1 Europawelle Saar . A new station, SR3, was launched, aimed at immigrant workers in
207-479: Is now programmed independently. SR4, the fourth radio service, began on 6 November 1989. The station carried programming for immigrant workers and, from 1 March 1999, coverage of debates in the Bundestag and Bundesrat (the two houses of the German parliament). When parliament was not sitting, SR4 carried SR2 and SR3 programmes. On 1 March 1999, the SR began a youth station, UnserDing , produced in co-operation with
230-814: The Late Show with David Letterman whimsically called itself the CBS Orchestra though it was not a classical musical orchestra and did not perform on CBS outside of the Late Show . The last permanent studio orchestra in America was The Tonight Show Band , also known as the NBC Orchestra, a big band led by trumpeter Doc Severinsen . Saarl%C3%A4ndischer Rundfunk Saarländischer Rundfunk ( pronounced [ˈzaːɐ̯ˌlɛndɪʃɐ ˈʁʊntfʊŋk] ; "Saarland Broadcasting"), shortened to SR ( pronounced [ɛsˈʔɛʁ] ),
253-1173: The BBC , particularly the BBC Symphony Orchestra founded in 1930, the MDR Symphony Orchestra founded in 1923, the Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra founded in 1949, the Tokyo-based NHK Symphony Orchestra , the Danish National Symphony Orchestra founded in 1925, the Vienna Radio Symphony Orchestra founded in 1969 and the Tchaikovsky Symphony Orchestra of Moscow Radio (formerly the USSR State Radio and Television Symphony Orchestra among other names) founded in 1930. Germany has an especially large number of radio orchestras. Eleven radio orchestras perform and produce classical as well as contemporary music and jazz for
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#1732868706264276-654: The League of Nations mandate. In 1935, when the Saar rejoined Germany, Joseph Goebbels 's Propagandaministerium established the Reichssender Saarbrücken , under the control of the Reichs-Rundfunk GmbH Berlin . The interval signal of Reichssenders Saarbrücken were the first four notes of so called Steigerlied ("Glück auf, Glück auf"). After World War II , the Saarland was placed under French administration as
299-487: The Norwegian Radio Orchestra (Norwegian, Kringkastingsorkestret, abbreviated as KORK). The orchestra specializes in classical music as well as popular music. This makes it quite unique in that the musicians are trained both classically and rhythmically to a high degree. The Bergen Philharmonic Orchestra and Stavanger Symphony Orchestra also have agreements with NRK too make a number of broadcast recordings
322-464: The Saar Protectorate . The French military government established Radio Saarbrücken to serve the area. This became Saarländischer Rundfunk following the re-establishment of civilian government on 31 December 1947. In 1952, the Saarland introduced a law reorganizing radio broadcasting, and created Saarländischer Rundfunk GmbH , a limited company. In 1953, SR expanded into television and started
345-1088: The North German Broadcasting ( NDR ) with two orchestras in Hamburg and Hanover as well as the NDR Big Band. West German Broadcasting ( WDR ) has two orchestras in Cologne and a Big Band, Southwest German Broadcasting ( SWR ) with one orchestra (2016 merged) and the SWR Big Band in Stuttgart and Baden-Baden/Freiburg, Bavarian Broadcasting ( BR ) with two orchestras in Munich, Central German Broadcasting ( MDR ) with one orchestra in Leipzig, Saarland Broadcasting ( SR ) with one orchestra (2006 merged) in Saarbrücken/Kaiserslautern, Hessian Broadcasting ( HR ) with one orchestra and
368-565: The SWR's youth service DASDING . In January 2004, SR4 was closed and its frequencies were taken over by UnserDing . In the ongoing discussion about the future of small ARD members like Radio Bremen and Saarländischer Rundfunk, SR Chairman Martin Grasmück said in 2021, he believes in "linear radio" but also the SR wants online-only content in the future. Every household in Germany is by law required to pay
391-473: The city as the core of players. The revival of the spa orchestra two years later forced the reorganization of the radio orchestra. Subsequently, Hans Rosbaud was hired as the orchestra's first chief conductor. Rosbaud was already well known as a champion of modern music, and Heinrich Strobel, the music director in charge of the orchestra, shared this sympathy with contemporary music. Thus the orchestra had as its focus performances of modern music. The orchestra
414-462: The merger of the two orchestras scheduled to occur in 2016. Protests at the decision resulted. The orchestra made its first, and only, appearance at The Proms on 26 August 2015. The orchestra gave its final concert, under the direction of François-Xavier Roth, on 17 July 2016 in Freiburg. The name of the new orchestra is SWR Symphonieorchester . One of the most widely heard recordings by this orchestra
437-642: The orchestra. In June 2012, the SWR Broadcasting Council voted to approve a measure proposed by SWR Intendant Peter Boudgoust to merge the Southwest German Radio Symphony Orchestra with the Stuttgart Radio Symphony Orchestra , for ostensible reasons of budgetary limitations for two separate orchestras affiliated with the SWR. The SWR Broadcasting Council formally passed the measure in September 2012, with
460-408: The region. Since 7 January 1980, SR3 has been known as SR3 Saarlandwelle and is the main regional station for the Saar. SR2 became SR2 Studiowelle Saar in 1967. From 1972 until 1990, this station was organized in co-operation with SDR and SWF, and from 1990 until 1994 in co-operation with Hessischer Rundfunk 's hr2 station. From 1 January 1995, the station has been known as SR2 KulturRadio and
483-536: Was Ligeti's Atmospheres conducted by Ernest Bour on the 2001: A Space Odyssey soundtrack. The orchestra has also recorded commercially for the Hänssler label, including music of Messiaen, Bartók, Stravinsky, Schoenberg, and Wolfgang Rihm . Radio orchestra Famous broadcast orchestras include the NBC Symphony Orchestra (1937–1954) conducted by Arturo Toscanini , the five orchestras maintained by
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#1732868706264506-480: Was first sponsored by Südwestfunk (SWF), a public broadcasting corporation headquartered in Baden-Baden. In 1998 SWF merged into Südwestrundfunk ("Southwest Broadcasting"), which took over responsibility for the orchestra. The orchestra's final chief conductor was François-Xavier Roth , from 2011 to 2016. Michael Gielen , chief conductor from 1986 to 1999, had the title of Ehrendirigent (conductor laureate) with
529-784: Was the CBC Radio Orchestra founded in 1938. On March 28, 2008 the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation announced that the orchestra would be dissolved at the end of November. The ensemble has continued independent of network affiliation as the National Broadcast Orchestra based in Vancouver. The Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) in Australia operates six state radio symphony orchestras through its subdivision Symphony Australia . The house band for
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