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87-617: The exhibition's most recent edition, Force Times Distance: On Labor and Its Sonic Ecologies , opened in October 2021 and will be on view through 2024. Due to the delays caused by the COVID-19 pandemic , it is the first iteration of the Sonsbeek show that will remain on view for four years. Sonsbeek was initiated in an attempt to repair the heavy damage the city had suffered during the Battle of Arnhem during

174-726: A WhatsApp group of 300 employees, violating the GDPR privacy regulations. Starting on 23 January 2021, the Dutch government introduced a curfew as means to curb the epidemic. On 24 January 2021, violent protests erupted as a reaction. The curfew, imposed between 9 pm to 4:30 am, was the first of its kind to be enacted in the country since the Second World War . Protests took place in most major cities, including Amsterdam and Eindhoven . Police made hundreds of arrests and issued thousands of fines. The Dutch Police Association described

261-557: A novel coronavirus was the cause of a respiratory illness in a cluster of people in Wuhan , Hubei , China, who had initially come to the attention of the WHO on 31 December 2019. Unlike SARS of 2003 , the case fatality rate for COVID-19 has been much lower, but the transmission has been significantly greater, with a significant total death toll. Notes: On 20 March 2020 RIVM announced that 'the actual number of infections with COVID-19

348-461: A political scandal ( Nokiagate ) during his fourth term, when it was found that he had been deleting the majority of the SMS text messages on his archaic Nokia mobile phone for years, personally judging which messages were to be archived and which messages were to be deleted in direct violation of the archival law. He explained that this was necessary due to his phone memory filling up too quickly, which

435-663: A COVID-19 infection ( genezen ) from being able to enter hotels, restaurants, cafes, cultural and artistic places, and events, and to use non-essential services. On November 19, a protest against the 2G rule was announced on social media, which turned into a riot. The police shot several people. Most notably, riots occurred in Rotterdam , where 51 people were arrested. There were also riots in Stein , Roermond , Urk , The Hague , Enschede , Leeuwarden and Tilburg . The authorities used water cannons , police dogs and mounted police against

522-648: A blow following the victory of right-wing populist newcomer Forum for Democracy (FvD). During the negotiations for the COVID-19 recovery fund in the European Union in 2020, Rutte was considered the unofficial leader of the Frugal Four , demanding loans instead of grants and more conditions on them. In September of that year, Rutte suggested that the EU could be dissolved and re-formed without Poland and Hungary , as he perceived these countries' governments to be dismantling

609-616: A business management career working for Unilever , Rutte entered national politics in 2002 as a member of Jan Peter Balkenende 's cabinets. Rutte won the 2006 VVD leadership election and led the party to victory in the 2010 general election . After lengthy coalition negotiations , he became prime minister of the Netherlands. He was the first self-described liberal to be appointed prime minister in 92 years. An impasse on budget negotiations led to his government's early collapse in April 2012, but

696-448: A caretaker function and keeping the nation running until the Schoof cabinet was sworn in on 2 July 2024. Due to his ability to come out of political scandals with an untarnished reputation, Rutte has been referred to as Teflon Mark . He has been described as ideologically flexible and pragmatic, willing to accommodate a broad range of political factions in order to address issues. Rutte

783-578: A ceasefire in the Israel–Hamas war but supported "humanitarian pauses" to provide aid to civilians in the Gaza Strip . Though the Netherlands provided military aid to Israel, in February 2024 a court in the Netherlands ordered the Dutch government to stop exporting parts for F-35 fighter jets to the country. Due to the resignation of the cabinet general elections were held early, on 22 November 2023 , with

870-640: A ceremonial handover at the NATO Headquarters in Brussels . Despite having previously stated that he wanted to focus on high school teaching after his prime ministership, he announced his candidacy for the position in October of 2023. His bid received public support from the governments of the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, and France in February 2024. Rutte managed to overcome opposition from

957-543: A day. According to a report by the RIVM, an average of 4,280 tests per day have been performed in the period between 9 March and 26 April. Several health organisations have started testing themselves, claiming the procedures of the GGD testing centers take too long. In a press conference on 6 May, the government announced that starting from 1 June it wants to test all people with COVID-19 symptoms. The coordination has been criticised, with

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1044-415: A distinct number of deaths by COVID-19 that are not registered as such, although local doctors can recognise the symptoms. By the end of March, the country was testing about 4,000 people per day, with the goal of expanding the testing capacity to about 17,500 daily tests in a couple of weeks. Once such a testing capacity has been reached the Dutch government wants to expand its testing capacity to 29,000 tests

1131-415: A government, and later that day, Rutte presented his first cabinet to Parliament. The government was confirmed in office by a majority of one, and Rutte was sworn in as Prime Minister of the Netherlands, becoming the first Liberal to serve in the role since Pieter Cort van der Linden in 1918. At 43 years old, he also became the second-youngest prime minister in Dutch history, after Ruud Lubbers . After

1218-504: A hard lockdown is in effect, and all non-essential shops are closed. On 19 December 2020, it was discovered that a mutant strain of COVID-19, Variant of Concern 202012/01 , had entered the Netherlands. The Dutch government banned flights from the United Kingdom, where the strain was originally identified, in response. The travel ban is scheduled to remain in place until at least 1 January. Shortly after Christmas 2020, most European countries started COVID-19 vaccination programs , however

1305-608: A large increase in positive cases, from about 50 positive tested people/day to over 7,000 positive tested people per day. Measures were tightened in late September to achieve control over the spread again. About 1 in 120 people were deemed infectious in late September. A record number of 11,107 new cases in one day was reported on 30 October. From 14 October 22:00, a partial lockdown came into effect. Cafes, restaurants, and bars were to be closed for at least two weeks. Starting 1 December, masks were made compulsory to wear while indoors. From 15 December 2020 through at least 15 March 2021,

1392-638: A member of the Corporate Human Resources Group, and in 2002, he became human resource manager for IgloMora Groep, another subsidiary of Unilever. Between 1993 and 1997, Rutte was a member of the national board of the VVD. Rutte served as State Secretary (i.e. Deputy Minister) at the Social Affairs and Employment Ministry from 22 July 2002 to 17 June 2004 in the First and Second Balkenende cabinets and

1479-588: A new coalition government. After remaining as outgoing prime minister for the duration of the longest formation process in Dutch history he presented a coalition agreement with D66 , CDA and CU , the same combination as his previous government, on 15 December 2021. In October 2022, Rutte said that alleged war crimes and human rights violations committed during the Armenian-Azerbaijani war in Nagorno-Karabakh should be investigated. Rutte suffered

1566-456: A number of other parties, leaving the VVD as the largest party in parliament for the third successive election. After holding coalition discussions, Rutte negotiated a grand coalition with the CDA , D66 and CU ; he presented his third cabinet on 26 October 2017 and was sworn in as prime minister for a third term. The 225 days between the general election and the installation of the third Rutte cabinet

1653-520: A primary school together with Zelensky. During this same tour, they signed the Netherlands-Ukraine bilateral security agreement. Later that month, Rutte threatened Israel with sanctions if the Israeli military launched a large-scale invasion of Rafah , saying the attack would be a "game changer" and have "political consequences". He also met with Chinese president Xi Jinping, where Rutte discussed

1740-674: A result of the ban on fireworks for the 2020-2021 New Year's Eve the Dutch government has compensated the fireworks industry for around 40 million euros.    Confirmed cases    Hospitalisations    Deaths Mark Rutte Political career Prime Minister of the Netherlands First Ministry and term Second Ministry and term Third Ministry and term Fourth Ministry and term Affiliations [REDACTED] Mark Rutte ( Dutch: [ˈmɑr(ə)k ˈrʏtə] ; born 14 February 1967)

1827-617: A suburban shopping mall (Kronenburg). The Sonsbeek 20 to 24 exhibition was slated to open in 2020, but was postponed to 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It opened in October 2021 under the title Force Times Distance: On Labor and Its Sonic Ecologies and will remain on view until 2024. In October 2022, it was reported that the curators of Sonsbeek's most recent edition had left abruptly due to what its artistic director, Bonaventure Soh Bejeng Ndikung , had described as “precarious and ultimately unbearable" working conditions. In addition to Ndikung,

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1914-472: A victory in the 2011 provincial elections , the VVD secured its status as the lead party within the government. In March 2012, seeking to comply with requirements from the European Union to reduce the nation's deficit, Rutte began talks with his coalition partners on a budget which would cut 16 billion euros of government spending. However, PVV leader Geert Wilders withdrew his party's informal support from

2001-588: A vote of no confidence, becoming the first cabinet to do so since the First Kok cabinet , which lasted from 1994 to 1998. The VVD went into the 2017 general election with a small lead over the PVV in most opinion polls. Rutte was judged to have managed the 2017 Dutch–Turkish diplomatic incident well according to similar polling. While the VVD lost 8 seats in the general election, the PvdA lost 29, and these seats were split between

2088-453: Is a Dutch politician who has served as the 14th secretary-general of NATO since October 2024. He previously served as the prime minister of the Netherlands from 2010 to 2024, and as the leader of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) from 2006 to 2023. Serving a total of almost 14 years, Rutte is the longest-serving prime minister in Dutch history. After originally embarking on

2175-464: Is higher than those reported beginning with this update, because not everyone with potential infection is tested any more. On 25 March 2020, GPs report that the number of deaths due to COVID-19 is also much higher since GPs have no way of reporting statistics on deaths of suspected patients without having them tested. From July 2020, the number of confirmed cases and confirmed deaths will only be updated each Tuesday. Since mid-July, there has been

2262-444: Is suspected to be more contagious, with a reproduction number estimated to 1.3. As of 26 January 2021, over 173,000 people had gotten vaccinated. In January 2021, it was discovered that personal data of people in the contact tracing database was illegally sold to fraudsters by call center employees having access to them. A few days earlier, employees of testing company U-diagnostics were found to have shared personal data in

2349-660: The Dutch Intelligence and Security Services Act referendum was held, which resulted in a rejection. In July of that same year, Rutte became a topic in international news by interrupting and explicitly contradicting the American president Donald Trump during a meeting with the press at the Oval Office in the White House , which was considered to be "typical Dutch bluntness". At the 2019 provincial elections , Rutte's VVD suffered

2436-670: The Education, Culture and Science Ministry in the Second Balkenende Cabinet from 17 June 2004 to 27 June 2006, replacing Annette Nijs . In office, Rutte showed particular interest in making the Dutch higher education system more competitive internationally, by trying to make it more market oriented (improving the position of students as consumers in the market for education). Rutte resigned from his position in government in June 2006 to return to

2523-506: The European Union Public License . CoronaMelder launched nationwide on 10 October 2020, and was downloaded 2.6 million times two days later. The maintainers stated that they are unable to track the number of users that actively use the application owing to privacy reasons. Later that month on 26 October the app had reportedly 3.5 million downloads and around 14,000 reports of positive test results. By mid-March,

2610-456: The House of Representatives , and he soon became the parliamentary leader of the VVD. After the resignation of Jozias van Aartsen and a loss in the 2006 Dutch municipal election, the VVD held an internal election for a new Lead Candidate, in which Rutte competed against Rita Verdonk and Jelleke Veenendaal . On 31 May 2006, it was announced that Mark Rutte would be the next lijsttrekker of

2697-587: The Iranian strikes against Israel and reiterated the necessity for sanctions against Iran . Rutte stated that Iran's Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC) should be added to the EU's terrorism blacklist . Rutte's government authorized Ukraine to use Dutch-supplied F-16 fighters to strike targets inside Russia in May. Rutte attended the June 2024 Ukraine peace summit , interpreting Putin's proposal for peace talks near

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2784-659: The Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 was shot down in Ukraine with 193 Dutch nationals aboard. In April 2016, Rutte was appointed by United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon and President of the World Bank Group Jim Yong Kim to the High-Level Panel on Water. Co-chaired by Mauritius President Ameenah Gurib and Mexican president Enrique Peña Nieto , the joint UN-WBG panel was set up to accelerate

2871-448: The Russian invasion of Ukraine and tried to persuade China , which provided Russia with diplomatic cover and economic support through trade , to exert its influence on Russia. Rutte said that "this is a direct security threat for us, because if Russia will be successful in Ukraine, it will be a threat to the whole of Europe. It will not end with Ukraine." On 14 April 2024, Rutte condemned

2958-535: The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant is spreading in parts of Europe (i.e. UK, Denmark and France). The number of registered new infections has risen strongly. There is a lockdown in the Netherlands from 19 December 2021 to (at least) 14 January 2022. As of 10 September 2022, a total of 36,105,753 vaccine doses have been administered. On 12 January, the World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed that

3045-406: The rule of law . On 15 January 2021, the third Rutte cabinet collectively resigned after the publication of research centered around the childcare subsidies scandal in the Netherlands . Rutte offered his resignation to King Willem-Alexander , accepting responsibility for the scandal. Following the 2021 Dutch general election , Rutte's VVD party held 34 of 150 seats and was expected to form

3132-405: The Netherlands as well. A Somali man entitled to benefits was stopped by social investigators and checked for fraud on the basis of his external characteristics, after which he refused the investigators access to his home. The Municipal Executive ( College van burgemeester en wethouders ) of Haarlem decided to withdraw his right to social benefits. He disagreed with this and his appeal was upheld by

3219-495: The Netherlands expected to start vaccination on 8 January 2021. The government cited issues with the digital registration system as the cause of the delayed vaccination start. As of 9 January 2021, a total of 30,000 healthcare workers had been vaccinated, and 96 cases of the Lineage B.1.1.7 variant have been reported. As of 16 January 2021, 200 cases of that variant have been reported. These cases cause extra concern, as this variant

3306-515: The Second World War. The 1949 inaugural exhibition featured over 200 sculptures that were installed along the park's pathways. It was attended by over 100,000 visitors. The first instalment included artists such as Auguste Rodin , Henry Moore , and Pablo Picasso . Later exhibitions featured artists such as Jenny Holzer , Claes Oldenburg and others. The 1971 installment of the show titled Sonsbeek buiten de perken ( Sonsbeek out of bounds )

3393-478: The U.S., Japan, and the Netherlands reached an agreement to limit certain advanced chip exports to China . Accordingly, the Dutch government placed restrictions on chip exports in March 2023 in order to protect national security. This measure affected the Dutch multinational ASML , one of the most important companies in the global microchip supply chain. In January 2024, the Dutch government placed further restrictions on

3480-609: The VVD and from national politics in general, after the installation of the next government. While serving as outgoing prime minister, Rutte he condemned the Hamas attack on Israel on 7 October 2023 and expressed his support to Israel and its right to self-defense. He would go on to visit Israel later that same month to express solidarity with the country, meeting Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu in Jerusalem. He rejected calls for

3567-686: The VVD now under the leadership of Dilan Yeşilgöz . In February 2024, Rutte visited Saudi Arabia and spoke with the Saudi crown prince Mohammed bin Salman about "broad cooperation". He would travel to Paris on the 26th of February, where Emmanuel Macron was hosting an emergency summit concerning the situation in Ukraine , which had suffered the loss of Avdiivka due to a lack of available ammunition. Czech PM Petr Fiala proposed to purchase 500,000 rounds of artillery ammunition for Volodymyr Zelensky 's forces. This

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3654-480: The VVD's victory in the subsequent election allowed Rutte to return as prime minister to lead his second cabinet between the VVD and the Labour Party (PvdA), which became the first cabinet to complete a full four-year term since 1998. Though the VVD lost seats in the 2017 general election , it remained the largest party. After a record-length formation period, Rutte was appointed to lead his third cabinet between

3741-518: The VVD, Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA), Democrats 66 (D66) and Christian Union (CU). Though Rutte and his cabinet resigned in response to the Dutch childcare benefits scandal , the VVD would go on to win the 2021 general election . Rutte began his fourth term in 2022 after another record-length formation period. On 7 July 2023, he announced his government's resignation after the cabinet failed to agree on how to handle migration . Rutte IV would continue on as an outgoing cabinet, fulfilling

3828-499: The VVD. He was elected by 51.5% of party members. Rutte's candidacy was backed by the VVD leadership, including the party board, and many prominent politicians such as Frank de Grave , former minister of Defence, Ivo Opstelten , the mayor of Rotterdam and Ed Nijpels , the Queen's Commissioner of Friesland . The Youth Organisation Freedom and Democracy , the VVD's youth wing of which Rutte had previously been chair, also backed him. During

3915-485: The administrative judge. The court ruled that "an investigation aimed exclusively at persons of Somali descent is discriminatory" and contrary to the Constitution because this distinction is "discrimination based on race". Rutte rejected the criticism, stating that a change in the law would then be necessary to be able to combat targeted fraud. Rutte later served as State Secretary for Higher Education and Science within

4002-557: The advice of the Outbreak Management Team (OMT), under supervision of Jaap van Dissel , measures were taken by the Third Rutte cabinet for the public health to prevent the spread of this viral disease , including the "intelligent lockdown". The government strategy on pandemic control has been criticised for the refusal to acknowledge the role of asymptomatic spread and the role of masks in preventing spread, as well as for

4089-411: The coronavirus pandemic. If these measures are present for three months, the Dutch economy is expected to shrink by 1.2 per cent in 2020. If these measures are required for a year the economy would decline by 10 per cent. In all cases it is expected that the economy will slightly grow the following year. On 8 June, three months into the crisis, an analysis of Rabobank was published. They expected that

4176-524: The country could test about 1,000 samples per day, which is less than the capabilities of other European countries. This also explains a relatively large ratio of the number of deaths to the number of confirmed cases. As of 25 March, 2,500 samples have been tested daily and a total number of 38,000 tests performed. Because of the limited availability of testing capacity, certain groups were prioritised in testing, such as healthcare workers, elderly, and people with acute symptoms. A lack of testing capacity causes

4263-535: The course of his life. Rutte attended the Maerlant Lyceum from 1979 until 1985, specialising in the arts. Although his original ambition was to attend a conservatory and become a concert pianist, he instead went to study history at Leiden University , where he obtained an MA degree in 1992. Rutte combined his studies with a position on the board of the Youth Organisation Freedom and Democracy ,

4350-401: The economy between March and June shrunk by 8%, with the catering sector being hit the most. They expected that, whereas the crisis was over the peak, the economy would continue shrinking, and the industries, in particular the construction industry, which were doing relatively well, would be hit as well. The forecast was that the unemployment rate would grow from 3% to 7% by the end of 2020. As

4437-539: The elections he promised "to make the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy a party for everyone and not just of the elite". For the 2006 general election , the VVD campaign with Rutte as leader did not get off to a good start; he received criticism from within his own party. Rutte was said to be overshadowed by his own party members Rita Verdonk and Gerrit Zalm , as well as being unable to penetrate between Wouter Bos and Jan Peter Balkenende , who were generally seen as

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4524-506: The end of this summit as a sign of panic. Rutte's fourth term as prime minister came to an end with the swearing in of the Schoof cabinet , which had been formed following the general election. This new cabinet is led by Dick Schoof , the former secretary-general of the Ministry of Justice and Security . Following his departure from national politics, Rutte succeeded Jens Stoltenberg as Secretary General of NATO on 1 October 2024 during

4611-405: The government announced strict social distancing rules as cases surged over 5,000. All large public events and gatherings are banned until 1 September. Furthermore, in public space a distance of at least 1.5 metres between people not from the same household must be observed, and shops and other venues are to enforce this distancing among their visitors. Fines will be issued to those not complying with

4698-418: The government on 21 April, stating that the proposed budget would hurt economic growth. This led to the early collapse of the government and Rutte submitting his resignation to Queen Beatrix on the afternoon of 23 April. His government had lasted for 558 days, making it one of the shortest Dutch cabinets since World War II. Ahead of the 2012 general election , Rutte was named the VVD's lead candidate for

4785-416: The healthcare system during the pandemic. In January 2021, the government extended its regulations and considered tightening them to limit the spread of Lineage B.1.1.7 , which is estimated to be more contagious. The Dutch Ministry of Public Health officially maintains an application called CoronaMelder for Android and iOS . The applications, including the backend are open source software under

4872-567: The implementation of Sustainable Development Goal 6 (SDG 6) . That month also saw the 2016 Dutch Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement referendum , which resulted in a rejection. In November of 2016 the House of Representatives approved a ban on the Islamic burqa in some public spaces including schools and hospitals by 132 votes against 18, which the VVD supported. Rutte's second cabinet completed its full four-year term without collapsing or losing

4959-467: The lack of testing capacity, in particular during the first half of 2020. In March 2020, Prime Minister Mark Rutte called for herd immunity as an important method to stop the pandemic. On 23 January 2021, as the government imposed a nationwide 9:00 p.m. curfew in a context of emergence of the British variant , the worst riots in 40 years broke out across the country. Since the end of November 2021,

5046-512: The last holdouts of Turkey, Hungary, Slovakia, and Romania in the months thereafter, with his only opponent, Romanian president Klaus Iohannis , dropping out a week before his official appointment on 26 June 2024. Rutte is single. He is a member of the Dutch Protestant Church . While he was prime minister, Rutte taught social studies on Thursday mornings at the Johan de Witt College,

5133-407: The legal justification for the curfew, and while a lower court found that the government's justification was lacking, the matter was quickly remedied. Exceptions to the curfew have been made for several groups of people, including medical emergencies, essential jobs, including delivery, and walking dogs on a leash. On June 5, an openingsplan cancelled many COVID restrictions. Three weeks later,

5220-405: The nation to stop this behaviour. On 12 March it was announced that all public events with more than 100 people will be cancelled until 6 April. On 24 March this period was extended to 1 June for all permit-requiring events. Three days later it was announced in a press conference that all restaurants, museums, sport clubs and schools had to close. A Dutch "grassroots" initiative, Mond Kapjes Nodig

5307-555: The new rules. Companies may face a fine up to €4,000, individuals risk a fine up to €400. Prime Minister Mark Rutte repeated his call to keep distance from each other. Final examinations of secondary school were cancelled on 24 March. Other measures were that schools and day-cares were closed, except for children whose parents work in the 'vital' sectors, like health care. People were required to remote work as much as possible. These measures also resulted in modified schedules for public transport, as much less transportation of individuals

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5394-629: The number of callers on the first day, tested 50,000 people in the first week and had 100,000 applicants by 11 June. By 9 June, most regions where successful in handling the increased demand, with people often being able to schedule a test the same day or the day after. The GGDs strive for a test result to be made known to the applicant within 48 hours, with 96% of results being successfully returned within that time by 11 June. In response to regulations announced on 12 March, panic buying of food, toilet paper and medicines, resulted in empty shelves in supermarkets. Prime Minister Mark Rutte appealed to

5481-457: The number of new infections rose massively. On July 10, 2021, the government reintroduced a series of restrictive measures due to a rapid increase in infections. All restaurants and bars must be closed from midnight until 06.00. The measures will remain in place until 14 August 2021. In November 2021, the government proposed implementing the "2G rule", a measure to only allow individuals who are vaccinated ( gevaccineerd ) or have recovered from

5568-552: The only major land art installations in Europe to be ever completed by American artists. The 1993 installment was curated by Valerie Smith, and included the artists Ann Hamilton , Mike Kelley , Annette Messager and others. Other curators have included Jan Hoet (2001), Saskia Bos (1986), and the Indonesian art collective, Ruangrupa in 2016. Sonsbeek 9, "Locus Focus" took place in 2011 in three venues, Sonsbeek Park, Eusebius church at

5655-570: The only possibility appeared to be a centre-right coalition of liberals and Christian Democrats (CDA), with the outside support of the Party for Freedom (PVV), led by Geert Wilders . After securing support for a coalition between the VVD and CDA, Rutte was appointed as formateur on 8 October 2010; Rutte announced his prospective cabinet, including Maxime Verhagen from the CDA as deputy prime minister. On 14 October, Queen Beatrix formally invited Rutte to form

5742-557: The other members of the curatorial team who had announced their departure included Antonia Alampi, Amal Alhaag, Zippora Elders, Aude Christel Mbga, and Vincent van Velsen. COVID-19 pandemic in the Netherlands The COVID-19 pandemic in the Netherlands has resulted in 8,643,435 confirmed cases of COVID-19 and 22,986 deaths. The virus reached the Netherlands on 27 February 2020, when its first COVID-19 case

5829-511: The parties failed to reach an agreement and unanimously decided that they could not continue working together within the coalition. Following this, Rutte immediately offered the resignation of his government. The king asked that the prime minister and his goverment "continue to carry out the duties they consider necessary to the interests of the Kingdom in a caretaker capacity". Three days later, Rutte announced his departure both as political leader of

5916-433: The prime candidates to become the next prime minister. On 27 November, it became known that Rita Verdonk, who generally held a more populist view on politics, managed to obtain more votes than Mark Rutte; he obtained 553,200 votes against Verdonk's 620,555. After repeated criticisms by Verdonk on VVD policy, Rutte expelled her from the party's parliamentary faction on 13 September 2007. In the 2010 general election , Rutte

6003-532: The regional GGD offices stating there is no clear national plan to scale up testing. Nonetheless, the test capacity was increased to 30,000 per day with the GGDs being able to conduct 600 to 2400 contact traces for positively tested applicants with 2-8% of the tests done assumed to result positive for the virus. On 1 June, a national telephone number was made public through which a test time and location could be scheduled. The new system, although initially overwhelmed by

6090-579: The rioters. Three rioters were seriously injured when police opened fire on them, while a fourth sustained minor injuries. Additionally, four rioters and five police officers sustained minor injuries during the unrest. Peaceful protests also took place in Amsterdam and Breda . On 19 December, a lockdown began. It lasted until 14 January 2022. Only essential facilities, such as food stores and pharmacies, stayed open, and only during reduced hours. Schools and educational facilities were closed; in particular,

6177-409: The riots at the worst violence in Netherlands in the last 40 years. The protests have been described as being composed of mostly young men. An opinion poll by public broadcaster NOS indicated that the curfew was supported by seven out of 10 Dutch respondents, with just 18% of the population opposing it. A lawsuit started by Willem Engel 's Viruswaanzin (later renamed Viruswaarheid ) challenged

6264-467: The school Christmas holidays started one week earlier. Public transport continued to operate, although schedules were adjusted. On January 3, 2022, following winter break, the government opened primary and secondary schools again. Tertiary schools — middle and higher education — remained closed. The face mask requirement on public transport was removed on 23 March 2022. The move was further relaxed in airports and on planes on 21 May 2022. In late March,

6351-443: The shipment of some advanced chip-making equipment to China, though on 27 March 2024, Chinese president Xi Jinping told Rutte that "no force can stop the pace of China’s scientific and technological progress". Different stances on immigration policy within his four-party coalition had existed since the coalition government was formed. VVD and CDA supported restrictions on immigration, while D66 and CU opposed them. On 7 July 2023,

6438-543: The third time. At the election in September, the VVD won an additional 10 seats, remaining the largest party in the House of Representatives; the CDA and PVV saw their number of seats fall significantly. The VVD quickly negotiated a coalition agreement with the Labour Party and Rutte returned as prime minister of the Second Rutte cabinet on 5 November 2012. In 2014, The Hague hosted a Group of Seven special meeting after

6525-456: The youth organisation of the VVD, and served as chair of the organisation from 1988 to 1991. After his studies Rutte entered the business world, working as a manager for Unilever and its food subsidiary Calvé. Until 1997, Rutte was part of the human resource department of Unilever, and played a leading role in several reorganisations. Between 1997 and 2000, Rutte was staff manager of the subsidiary Van den Bergh Nederland. In 2000, Rutte became

6612-529: Was a sister of his first wife, Petronella Hermanna Dilling (17 March 1910 – 20 July 1945), who died while they were interned together in Tjideng , a prisoner-of-war camp in Batavia ( Jakarta ), during World War II . Rutte has seven siblings as a result of his father's two marriages. One of his elder brothers died from AIDS in the 1980s. Rutte later described the deaths of his brother and his father as events that changed

6699-523: Was among the best known, and often criticized, of the Sonsbeek exhibitions. In that edition, curator Wim Bereem conceived it as a venue for experimentation and investigation of the issues of "space and spatial relationships" that would include sculpture, conceptual art , as well as video art and film. He commissioned works outside of the traditional boundaries of the park, including two large-scale earth projects , Broken Circle/Spiral Hill by Robert Smithson and The Observatory by Robert Morris. These were

6786-522: Was born in The Hague , in the province of South Holland , to a Dutch Reformed family. He is the youngest child of Izaäk Rutte (5 October 1909 – 22 April 1988), a merchant, and his second wife Hermina Cornelia Dilling (13 November 1923 – 13 May 2020), a secretary. Izaäk Rutte worked for a trading company ; first as an importer in the Dutch East Indies ; he later ran a car dealership. His second wife

6873-536: Was confirmed in Tilburg . It involved a 56-year-old Dutchman who had arrived in the Netherlands from Italy. The virus was confirmed to have reached Europe on 24 January 2020, when the first COVID-19 case was identified in Bordeaux - France. As of 31 January 2021, there are 978,475 confirmed cases of infections and 13,998 confirmed deaths. The first death occurred on 6 March, when an 86-year-old patient died in Rotterdam . On

6960-462: Was formed to address the local PPE shortages. More than 400,000 masks were delivered within weeks to those fighting the pandemic in the Netherlands. This helped relieve the coordination efforts on a national level. On 26 March, the Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis published the first calculations of the economic expectations. These expectations are based on the length of the prevention measures against

7047-442: Was necessary. As a response to the large increase in positive tests since July, the Dutch government released additional regulations on 13 October. These include: Additionally the government advised people to remote work and limit unnecessary travel. The Dutch government also stated that people should be mindful of the regulations during the holiday season. Sint Maarten, a holiday where children collect sweets from neighbours,

7134-434: Was not considered a plausible excuse by other ministers. The scandal also damaged his campaign promises and the coalition accords, which stated that the cabinet wished to restore peoples faith in politics, create a new governance culture and "improve the information provided to the House". The latter of these concerned measures including a modernisation of the archival law and faster information availability. In January 2023,

7221-426: Was once again the lead candidate for the VVD. It won 31 seats and, for the first time ever, became the largest party in the House of Representatives. The lengthy 2010 cabinet formation followed, with several personalities succeeding each other, being appointed by Queen Beatrix in order to find out what coalition could be formed. Efforts to form a broad spectrum coalition between the VVD, CDA and PvdA failed. Instead,

7308-552: Was responsible for fields including bijstand ( municipal welfare ) and arbeidsomstandigheden ( Occupational safety and health ). After the 2003 elections Rutte was briefly also a member of the House of Representatives , from 30 January to 27 May 2003. During his time as State Secretary in 2003, Rutte advised municipalities to check Somali residents for social assistance fraud, after a number of Somalis who were working in England were found to be receiving social assistance benefits in

7395-496: Was still held with social distancing and maximum group size regulations in place. Sinterklaas was also held with the same regulations, with people also being advised not to delay holiday shopping to the last possible moment. In November 2020, the government also announced that it would ban fireworks on New Year's Eve (traditionally the only time of the year that consumers are allowed to purchase and ignite fireworks), citing that firework-related injuries would put too much stress on

7482-429: Was the longest such period in Dutch history. The coalition agreement contained a plan to abolish the 15% dividend tax (providing the state €1.4 billion per year), which proved highly unpopular as it had not been mentioned in any of the coalition party's programs, and it later appeared that major Dutch companies like Shell and Unilever had secretly been lobbying for the inclusion of this measure. On 21 March 2018,

7569-486: Was the second time in one month the Czech government had aired the matter. The French had previously vetoed the idea to purchase the ammunition from foreign sources. On behalf of his government, Rutte announced that they would provide €100 million for this purpose. On 1 March Rutte increased the commitment to €250 million for Fiala's venture, as he went to Kharkiv to tour an underground metro station that had been repurposed into

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