Santo Antão ( Portuguese for " Saint Anthony ") is the northwesternmost island of Cape Verde . At 785 km (303 sq mi), it is the largest of the Barlavento Islands group, and the second largest island of Cape Verde. The nearest island is São Vicente to the southeast, separated by the sea channel Canal de São Vicente . Its population was 38,200 in mid 2019, making it the fourth most populous island of Cape Verde after Santiago , São Vicente and Sal. Its largest city is Porto Novo located on the southern coast (population 9,310 in 2010).
15-478: Sinagoga is a settlement in the northeastern part of the island of Santo Antão , Cape Verde . It is situated on the coast, 4 kilometers east of Ribeira Grande and 18 km north-northeast of the island capital Porto Novo . It is situated on the national road connecting Ribeira Grande and Pombas (EN1-SA02). Its name means "synagogue" in Portuguese. The village was founded by Jewish Miguelist immigrants from
30-592: A hot desert climate ( Köppen climate classification : BWh ) in Sinagoga and Porto Novo and a cold semi-arid climate ( Köppen climate classification : BSk ) in Espongeiro. The island features very balanced temperatures year round higher on the slopes (~ 800 metres ASL) to cool highland subtropical steppe climate BskL above 1,000 metres ASL. The average annual temperature on the coast is about 23 °C (73 °F), decreasing to some 11 to 15 °C (52–59 °F) on
45-410: Is also used as a base for medicinal preparations, with the addition of herbs such as common rue , rosemary , or anise . There is also a grogue preparation made with percebes ( goose neck barnacles ). Grogue is made by an old traditional way and because of this there are a lot of different qualities on the market. The government of Cabo Verde is now busy with a European company to introduce grogue on
60-603: Is fundamentally artisanal, and nearly all the sugarcane is used in the production of grogue. The cane is processed in a press known as a trapiche . Grogue is the basis for a Cape Verdean cocktail known as ponche (derived from the English word "punch"), which also includes lime and molasses, comparable to the poncha of the island of Madeira . Grogue and sugarcane production are primarily found in Santo Antão (notably Ribeira do Paul and Ribeira da Cruz ) and Santiago . Grogue
75-520: Is of volcanic origin and very mountainous, characterized by two high plateaus and several steep river valleys. The southern part of the island has a desert climate , while the northeast and the higher elevations are semi-arid . The main rivers of Santo Antão are: The tallest mountain is Tope de Coroa , reaching an elevation of 1,979 m. Other high mountains on the island are Monte Tomé (1,863 m), Gudo de Cavaleiro (1,810 m), Monte Moroços (1,767 m) and Pico da Cruz (1,584 m). Santo Antão island has
90-606: The Azores who came to Santa Antao in aftermath of the Liberal Wars in Portugal . Surnames of Jewish origin can still be found in the area. Sinagoga has a hot desert climate. The annual rainfall is 291 millimeters. The average annual temperature is 23.4 °C (74.1 °F). Santo Ant%C3%A3o, Cape Verde Santo Antão is 42.75 km (26.56 mi) long (east-west) and 23.97 km (14.89 mi) wide (north-south). The island
105-474: The quarantine was lifted in 2008. Tourism is becoming one of the most dominant industries on the island. There has been some investment in Rural tourism infrastructures. Hiking , Trekking and Cultural tourism account for most of the touristic offer of this island. The island is divided in three municipalities, which are subdivided into civil parishes: Santo Antão has 50 endangered species of flora which has
120-460: The 1830s, the estimated population of Santo Antão was 24,000. Fishing and agriculture are the main industries on the island. The island's agriculture products include sugar cane , yams , cassava , bananas , mangoes , and grain . The main product on the island is a kind of rum known as grogue . Mills continue to distill grogue in the Paul Valley. Due to its mountainous nature, most of
135-565: The highest grounds. There can be remarkably cool weather in the interior with warmer wet season starting in July and ending in December–January with colder dry season starting in December–January and ending in June. The major climate risk , similarly to other Cape Verdean islands, yet much less pronounced in the higher altitudes due to better ability in gaining moisture from clouds, is drought. The island
150-493: The island include Tornabenea insularis and ribeirensis . Santo Antão has different species of birds including the Cape Verde (Iago) sparrow , reptiles including the Cape Verde wall gecko and insects including the spider Tetragnatha torrensis , the moth Scopula paneliusi and the water bear Echiniscus clavispinosus . The island does not have a lot of animal life comparing to other islands. Along its shores, most of
165-421: The island's plantations are done in terraces, obviating the use of machinery and requiring immense manual labor. Recently, some experiences using drip irrigation have been taking place in order to mitigate the drought conditions. The exportation of many of the island's agriculture products to other islands has been prohibited for nearly two decades because of the millipede ( Spinotarsus caboverdus ) blight , but
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#1733085458909180-500: The marine life are within Canal de São Vicente. Other than Portuguese (official language), the majority of the population speaks Cape Verdean Creole . 17°04′12″N 25°10′16″W / 17.070°N 25.171°W / 17.070; -25.171 Grogue Grogue , also known as grogu or grogo (derived from English grog ), is a Cape Verdean alcoholic beverage, an aguardente made from sugarcane. Its production
195-553: The most number in the nation. Several flora found in the island that are also found in some parts of the archipelago includes Aeonium gorgoneum , Artemisia gorgonum , Campanula jacobaea , the Conyza species of feae , pannosa and varia , Echium stenosiphon , Kickxia webbiana , Lavandula rotundifolia , Limonium braunii , Micromeria forbesii , Sonchus daltonii , Capeverdean navelwort ( Umbilicus schmidtii ) and Verbascum capitis-viridis . Flora found only in
210-492: Was discovered in 1461 or 1462 by Diogo Afonso , together with the islands of São Vicente and São Nicolau . Settlement of the island started in the first half of the 16th century. The main settlement was Ribeira Grande . Other settlements such as Ponta do Sol , Pombas and Porto Novo developed in the 19th century. In 1732 the Municipality of Santo Antão was created, with its seat in the town Ribeira Grande. In 1867 this
225-420: Was divided into the municipality of Paul (covering the area of current Paul and Porto Novo) and the municipality of Ribeira Grande. These were merged in 1895 into one municipality. The municipalities of Paul and Ribeira Grande were recreated in 1917. The municipality of Porto Novo was created in 1962 when the parishes of São João Baptista and Santo André were separated from the older Municipality of Paul. In
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