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24-577: The Sina, one of the large left-bank feeders of the Bhima, rises 22 km. west of Torna in Ahmadnagar district and runs south east through Ahmadnagar and Solapur district to fall into the Bhima near Kudul about 25 km. south of Solapur , on the Maharashtra and Karnataka boundary. Of its entire length of 180 km, the river has a length of 177 km within the district. About 7 km. north of Mohol,

48-514: A population of 4,317,756, the 43rd largest district in India by population (out of 640). The district has a population density of 290 inhabitants per square kilometre (750/sq mi). Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 12.1%. Solapur has a sex ratio of 932 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 77.72%. 32.40% of the population lived in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 15.05% and 1.80% of

72-520: Is constructed to supply water for vast lands in catchment area of Sina from main Bhima river. Number of barrages are constructed downstream on the Sina river. 17°23′N 75°54′E  /  17.383°N 75.900°E  / 17.383; 75.900 Solapur district Solapur district (Marathi pronunciation: [solaːpuːɾ] ) is a district in Maharashtra state of India . The city of Solapur

96-613: Is crossed by five ferries, one in Madha at Kolgaon, and four in Solapur at Lamboti, Tirha, Vaddukbal and Vangi. Ahmed Nizamshah Bahiri established Ahmednagar in 1490 A.D on the banks on Sina River. The Iron Bridge on this river near the railway station was more than 100 years old. Bagroja tomb dedicated to Ahmed Nizamshah and his wife, located on the banks of the Sina River. Bhima to Sina interlink (Jod Kalava) with 21-km tunnel from Ujjani reservoir

120-485: Is the district headquarters. It is located on the south east edge of the state and lies entirely in the Bhima and Seena basins. The entire district is drained by the Bhima River . Solapur district leads Maharashtra in production of Indian cigarettes known as beedi . In ancient times, the northern part of the district was part of Asmaka while the southern part of the district, along with Satara and Sangli districts,

144-472: The "Repeller of the Unrepellable" ( Anivartaka-nivartayitr ). The Rashtrakuta prince Dantidurga, who was subsidiary to Chalukyas at this time, also played an important role in the battle. Dantidurga was a clever diplomat but at the same time used military power to expand his empire's boundaries. By 750 AD Dantidurga had brought Madhya Pradesh and Southern Gujarat under his control. This biography of

168-576: The Chalukyan Emperor Kirtivarman II retained control over his southern provinces up to the year 757. His daughter was married to a Pallava King Nandivarman II of Kanchi . Dantidurga helped Nandivarman recover Kanchi by warring against the Chalukyas. The Navasari grant (c.739) throws light on his achievements in the era prior to Rashtrakuta independence. The Arab intention might have been to make inroads into South India . However, to

192-619: The Gupta ruler Vikramaditya sent him as ambassador to the Kuntala king, who eventually warmed up to him. Kalidasa says how he made peace between the Vakatakas and the Rashtrakutas, but was scathing of the lord of Kuntala's neglect of statecraft. Around the 5th century CE, an inscription records an invasion of Kuntala by the Vakatakas and that the lord of Kuntala was made into a feudatory of theirs. Around

216-579: The Kadambas win the battle. Afterwards the ruler of Asmaka took over Vidarbha as well as Kuntala, but he was soon overthrown by the Vishnukundins. The Vishnukundins may have briefly controlled Kuntala for a time, but after their overthrow the Rashtrakutas declared independence. The Chalukyas under Pulakeshin II soon ousted the Rashtrakutas and took over Kuntala. The Chalukyas continued to rule over present Solpaur until

240-798: The Krishna including all of present Solapur district. Eventually the Yadavas defeated the Hoysalas and took all territory north of the Bhadra. Several grants were made to Yogeshwara during the reigns of some Yadava rulers. The Yadava rulers and their ministers made many contributions to the Pandharpur temple which is situated in the district. At the end of the 13th century, the Delhi Sultanate under Alauddin Khilji first invaded

264-503: The Yadava kingdom and the king, Ramachandra (also known as Ramdev), was reduced to a tributary and was forced to cede some territory to the sultans. In 1307, due to Ramdev's violation of the treaty, Alauddin invaded again and sent Ramdev as a captive to Delhi. After 6 months he was released and aided Malik Kafur in his attack on the Kakatiyas with a force of Maratha soldiers. In 1311, Malik Kafur

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288-511: The Yadavas. Harpaldev was flayed alive and beheaded and the entire Yadava kingdom was permanently annexed by the Delhi Sultanate. Solapur was then ruled from Devagiri by a governor. During the reign of Muhammad Bin Tughlaq, who infamously tried to shift the capital of his empire to Devagiri (renamed Daulatabad), there was a large famine in the region. In 1344, an uprising of Hindu chieftains of Karnataka and Telangana briefly overthrew Sultanate rule in

312-656: The middle of the 12th century. Several of their feudatories, such as the Kalachuris of Kalyani and Hoysalas, began revolts. During Kalachuri rule Lingayat thought began to spread throughout north Karnataka and southern Maharashtra, including Solapur. At the same time that the Kalachuris overthrew the Western Chalukyas, one of their other feudatories, the Seunas , also called Yadavas, from Khandesh , declared independence. The Yadavas under Bhillama V, conquered all territory north of

336-655: The population respectively. Languages of Solapur district (2011) At the time of the 2011 Census of India , 73.13% of the population in the district spoke Marathi , 9.28% Kannada , 6.47% Hindi , 4.49% Telugu , 3.94% Urdu and 0.94% Lambadi as their first language. Solapur district is subdivided for administrative purposes into eleven talukas , which in turn comprise smaller divisions. The talukas are North Solapur , South Solapur , Akkalkot , Barshi , Mangalwedha , Pandharpur , Sangola , Malshiras , Mohol , Madha and Karmala . Dantidurga Dantidurga (reigned 735–756 CE), also known as Dantivarman II

360-526: The region, although Delhi sultans kept control over some of the revenue centres. In 1347, Muslim nobles in the Deccan rebelled against Muhammad bin Tughlaq's authority and defeated all attempts to control them. The rebels then declared one of their number, Hasan Gangu, as sultan of all territories in the Deccan, which began the rule of the Bahmani Sultanate . According to the 2011 census Solapur District has

384-473: The rise of the Rashtrakutas under Dantidurga . The dynasty continued its rule over southern Maharashtra until the middle of the 10th century, when it collapsed quickly. Taila II, the Chalukya mahasamanta of the Rashtrakutas, captured Manyakheta from the last Rashtrakuta king Karka III and took over most of present Maharashtra and northern Karnataka. His descendants of the Western Chalukyas continued dominance until

408-506: The river receives the Bhogavati river on its left bank. Another small tributary on the left bank is the Gorda nadi joining the Sina east of Madha. The Sina is about 100–200 metres broad and has steep banks. The bed is generally sandy but occasionally rocky. While upstream of Mohol, the river flows through a narrow valley, downstream it opens out widely to merge into the broad valley of Bhima. The Sina

432-493: The south of the Mahi River lay the powerful Chalukyan empire. The Chalukya viceroy at Navsari, Avanijanashraya Pulakeshin , decisively defeated the invading Arab forces as documented in the grant. The Tājika (Arab) army defeated was one that had attacked "Kacchella, Saindhava, Saurashtra, Cavotaka, Maurya and Gurjara" kings. Viceroy Pulakesi subsequently received the titles "Solid Pillar of Deccan " ( Dakshināpatha-sādhāra ) and

456-702: The time, as it lay at the centre of multiple trade routes. In c. 250 CE, the Sathavahanas were overthrown by the Abhiras , whose empire later broke apart. A dynasty calling itself the Rashtrakutas , whose first ancestor ruled in around 350CE, had their base at Manapura in modern Satara district. Their core territory was the Kuntala region, and they often harassed the Vakatakas in Vidarbha. A work ascribed to Kalidasa mentions how

480-503: The turn of the 6th century CE, the Vakatakas were defeated. A tradition recorded around 125 years later claims the last Vakataka king was given wholly over to pleasures and neglected his kingdom, encouraged by a son of his feudatory in Asmaka. When the kingdom was sufficiently weakened, the ruler of Asmaka invited the Kadambas to invade. In the battle between Kadambas and Vakatakas, the rulers of Asmaka and Kuntala betrayed their overlord and helped

504-599: Was a Chalukyan princess from Gujarat called Bhavanaga. The same inscription states he defeated the infinite and invincible Karnataka-Bala (Karnataka army) of the Badami Chalukyas. Further he defeated the kings of Lata (Gujarat), Malwa , Tanka, Kalinga and Sheshas (Nagas) in central India and performed many sacrifices. Though he conquered the Chalukyan Empire, it is clear from the Vakkaleri inscription of 757 that

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528-636: Was part of the region of Manadesha , part of the larger region of Kuntala . Kuntala became part of the Mauryan Empire during the time of Ashoka. After the fall of the Mauryans, Kuntala came under the Sathavahanas . Solapur lay near the Sathavahana heartland, and so remained under their rule while the rest of their empire became conquered by outside powers. The region must have had a high level of prosperity at

552-594: Was sent to conquer territory south of the Krishna but left portion of his army in Devagiri to keep an eye on Shankardev, who succeeded Ramdev. In 1313, Malik Kafur invaded Devagiri again and killed Shankardev and annexed the entire Yadava kingdom to the Delhi Sultanate. However, he returned to Delhi on hearing news of Alauddin's illness and Harpaldev, Ramdev's son-in-law, took back the entire empire. In 1317 Alauddin's successor, Qutbuddin Mubarak Shah led an expedition against

576-636: Was the founder of the Rashtrakuta Empire of Manyakheta . His capital was based in Gulbarga region of Karnataka . His successor was his uncle Krishna I who extended his kingdom to all of Karnataka . The Ellora record of Dantidurga narrates that he defeated the Chalukyas in 753 and took the titles Rajadhiraja and Parameshvara . The inscription calls him son of Indra II. The Samangad inscription (modern Kolhapur district, Maharashtra) states his mother

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