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20-571: The Freud Museum in London is a museum dedicated to Sigmund Freud. Freud Museum may also refer to: Freud Museum The Freud Museum in London is a museum dedicated to Sigmund Freud , located in the house where Freud lived with his family during the last year of his life. In 1938, after escaping Nazi annexation of Austria he came to London via Paris and stayed for a short while at 39 Elsworthy Road before moving to 20 Maresfield Gardens , where

40-711: A collection of 18th century and 19th century Austrian painted country furniture. The museum owns Freud's collection of Egyptian , Greek , Roman , and Oriental antiquities, and his personal library. The star exhibit in the museum is Freud's psychoanalytic couch, which had been given to him by one of his patients, Madame Benvenisti, in 1890. This was restored at a cost of £5000 in 2013. The study and library were preserved by Anna Freud after her father's death. The bookshelf behind Freud's desk contains some of his favourite authors: not only Goethe and Shakespeare but also Heine , Multatuli and Anatole France . Freud acknowledged that poets and philosophers had gained insights into

60-532: A number of his patients for analysis. The centrepiece of the museum is the couch brought from Berggasse 19, Vienna on which his patients were asked to say whatever came to their mind without consciously selecting information, named the free association technique by him. The museum was the subject of Part 2 of Richard Macer 's 3 part BBC documentary series 'Behind the Scenes at the Museum' in 2010. The museum's president

80-633: Is David Freud , the great-grandson of Sigmund Freud and architect of Universal Credit . There are two other Freud Museums, one in Vienna , and another in Příbor , the Czech Republic , in the house where Sigmund Freud was born. The museum is located at 20 Maresfield Gardens in Hampstead, one of London's suburbs. The ground floor of the museum houses Freud's study, library, hall and the dining room. The museum shop

100-524: Is on ground floor as well. The first floor has a video room, Anna Freud's room and there is a temporary exhibitions room which hosts alternate contemporary art and Freud-themed exhibitions. Art installations often use several rooms within the museum, such as the 2001/02 exhibition "A Visit to Freud’s" by Austrian photographer Uli Aigner . Many areas such as the kitchen and Anna Freud's consulting room are out of public view and have been converted into offices. The house had only finished being built in 1920 in

120-408: Is that Martha herself in no way knew of, or colluded in, any such affair. Freud described her as thoroughly good, where he and Minna were more self-willed and wild; and for better or worse her commitment to conventional morality, domestic duty and family values is clear. (Her husband too had shocked André Breton by his lack of any Bohemianism , and considered a sexually promiscuous woman as "simply

140-623: The British Queen Anne Revival style. A small sun room in a modern style was added at the rear by Ernst Ludwig Freud that same year. Freud was over eighty at this time, and he died the following year, but the house remained in his family until his youngest daughter Anna Freud , who was a pioneer of child therapy, died in 1982. The house has a well maintained garden which is still much as Freud would have known it. The Freuds moved all their furniture and household effects to London. There are Biedermeier chests, tables and cupboards, and

160-529: The Freud Corner , into the same ancient Greek funeral urn that holds her husband's ashes. The young Martha Bernays was a slim and attractive woman who was also a charmer, intelligent, well-educated and fond of reading (as she remained throughout her life). As a married woman, she ran her household efficiently, and was indeed almost obsessive about punctuality and dirt. Firm but loving with her children, she spread an atmosphere of peaceful joie de vivre through

180-453: The engagement years, according to Freud's official biographer Ernest Jones , who read all the letters, "would be a not unworthy contribution to the great love literature of the world." Freud sent over 900 (lengthy) letters to his fiancée, which chart the ups and downs of a tempestuous relationship, marred by outbreaks of jealousy on his part as well as affirmations that "I love you with a kind of passionate enchantment". Their eventual marriage

200-455: The household (at least according to the French analyst René Laforgue ). However, Martha was not able to establish a strong connection with her youngest daughter, Anna. Bernays's younger sister, Minna Bernays, was very close to the young couple, and moved in with them in the 1890s, to set up what has (jokingly) been called a ménage à trois . Sigmund and Minna would sometimes holiday together; and

220-620: The more upsetting experiences of her life". She was also the aunt of Edward Bernays , an Austrian-born American publicist and the "father of public relations ". Her maternal cousins were brothers Julius Philipp and Oscar Philipp , founders of Philipp Brothers , which became the largest metal trading company in the world. Sigmund Freud and Martha met in April 1882 and after a four-year engagement (1882–1886) they were married on 14 September 1886 in Hamburg . Freud and Bernays's love letters sent during

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240-467: The museum is situated. Although he died a year later in the same house, his daughter Anna Freud continued to stay there until her death in 1982. It was her wish that after her death it be converted into a museum. It was opened to the public in July 1986. Freud continued to work in London and it was here that he completed his 1939 book Moses and Monotheism . He also maintained his practice in this home and saw

260-464: The museum. The museum is a member of the London Museums of Health & Medicine . Martha Freud Martha Bernays ( / b ɜːr ˈ n eɪ z / bur- NAYZ , German: [bɛʁˈnaɪs] ; 26 July 1861 – 2 November 1951) was the wife of Austrian psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud . Bernays was the second daughter of Emmeline and Berman Bernays. Her paternal grandfather Isaac Bernays

280-499: The suggestion has periodically been made that she in fact became Freud's mistress. Jung for example reported (late in life) that from Minna he "learned that Freud was in love with her and that their relationship was indeed very intimate". Freud historian Peter Swales "became notorious when, in 1981, he maintained that Freud had had a secret affair with his wife Martha’s younger sister Minna Bernays ... and had arranged for her to have an abortion after she became pregnant." This claim

300-689: The unconscious which psychoanalysis sought to explain systematically. In addition to the books, the library contains various pictures hung as Freud arranged them; these include 'Oedipus and the Riddle of the Sphinx' and 'The Lesson of Dr Charcot' plus photographs of Martha Freud , Lou Andreas-Salomé , Yvette Guilbert , Marie Bonaparte , and Ernst von Fleischl . The collection includes a portrait of Freud by Salvador Dalí . The museum organises research and publication programmes and it has an education service which organises seminars, conferences and educational visits to

320-410: Was (and is) controversial. The publication of a hotel log from 1898 registering the pair as "Dr Sigm Freud u frau" in a double room prompted some Freud scholars, including his defender Peter Gay , to regard the conjecture of Freud and Minna having an affair as possibly accurate. Other proponents of the affair, however — relying on their analysis of Freud's own autobiographical writings — believe that it

340-529: Was a Chief Rabbi of Hamburg . Martha Bernays was raised in an observant Orthodox Jewish family, the daughter of Berman Bernays (1826–1879) and Emmeline Philipp (1830–1910). Her grandfather, Isaac Bernays , was the chief rabbi of Hamburg and a distant relative of the German Romantic poet Heinrich Heine , who frequently mentioned Isaac in his letters. Isaac's son, Michael Bernays (1834–1897), Martha's uncle, converted to Christianity at an early age and

360-442: Was a much more harmonious affair: Martha consoling herself after his death with the thought that "in the 53 years of our marriage there was not a single angry word between us". The couple had six children : Mathilde (born 1887), Jean-Martin (born 1889), Oliver (born 1891), Ernst (born 1892), Sophie (born 1893), and Anna (born 1895). Martha Freud died in 1951. She was cremated at Golders Green Crematorium and her ashes placed in

380-494: Was consummated only in 1900. Opponents point to the unlikelihood of such a betrayal taking place between sisters as close as Minna and Martha, especially given the mores of the time, and to the less sensational possibility of the hotel simply being full at the time. Pending publication of the Freud/Minna correspondence for the period 1893–1910, the truth behind such speculations may not be known for sure. What does seem certain

400-562: Was professor of German at the University of Munich. Although the Bernays and Freud families were well-acquainted - her elder brother Eli married Freud's younger sister, for example - the latter were more liberal Jews, and Freud in particular had no time for ritual observances. Martha told a cousin that "not being allowed to light the Sabbath lights on the first Friday night after her marriage was one of

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