Shovelnose Creek is a creek in the Pacific Ranges of the Coast Mountains in southwestern British Columbia , Canada . It flows southwest into the Squamish River and south of the Elaho River .
96-514: The location was used in the filming of the film Revenant , for a scene where an attempt is made by fur trappers to carry frontiersman Glass over a sandbank. 50°04′06″N 123°20′36″W / 50.06833°N 123.34333°W / 50.06833; -123.34333 This article related to a river in British Columbia , Canada is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . The Revenant (2015 film) The Revenant
192-692: A historically black college , in Virginia for schooling, in 1878. The Fort Berthold Indian Reservation got a new shape and size by agreement in 1886 (ratified in 1891). In 1910, the Three Tribes gave their consent to sale of land, so the reservation was reduced once more. The Arikara drifted away from Like a Fishhook Village. They raised and branded cattle instead of hunting buffalo. With the Dawes Act and "allotment in severalty" passed as another attempt at assimilation to European-American culture, each Arikara family
288-415: A Pawnee woman is fiction. It has been suggested the real Glass had such a relationship, but there's no firm evidence—and no evidence that he had any children. ... As for the ending, it has been changed in one significant way: in real life, nobody got killed." Canadian actor Roy Dupuis was strongly critical of the portrayal of French-Canadian voyageurs as murderous rapists. Dupuis was originally offered
384-623: A famous superhero. He ended up winning the Academy Awards for Best Director and Best Original Screenplay, with the film winning Best Picture. Filming took place in March 2013. The Revenant was scheduled to begin production right after Birdman wrapped . A production budget of $ 60 million was granted, with $ 30 million funded by New Regency. Brett Ratner 's RatPac-Dune Entertainment , a joint venture between Ratner's RatPac Entertainment and Fox's former financing partner, Dune Entertainment, also funded
480-560: A letter written by John F. A. Sanford, an Indian agent, in a July 1833 letter to William Clark, superintendent of Indian Affairs. Landry includes the excerpt in his article."They scalped them and left part of the Scalps of each tied to poles on the grounds of the murder[.]" Years of indecision followed. The rootless Arikara lived near their southern "kinfolk," the Skidi Pawnee, for some years. They also tried their luck in hostile country far up on
576-720: A peace treaty with the United States (US) on July 18, 1825. In the winter/spring of 1833 members of the Arikara Tribe ambushed Hugh Glass, Hilain Menard and Colin Rose. "A hand-written notation made on the credit side of Menard's account book page states, 'Killed by the Rees near Fort Cass Spring 1833,'" Landry wrote in his article. "The word 'Rees' was mountaineer slang for the Arikara tribe." According to
672-576: A process that would have added $ 7 million to the production budget. Later he confirmed that it was shot in sequence, though Hardy had stated that it was impossible due to weather conditions. In July 2015, it was reported that the budget had ballooned from the original $ 60 million to $ 95 million, and by the time production wrapped it had reached $ 135 million. The visual effects were produced primarily by Industrial Light & Magic (ILM). Other companies, such as Moving Picture Company (MPC) and Cinesite , also created visual effects. The musical score
768-519: A remake of Man in the Wilderness (1971). The Revenant was ranked 22nd on Metacritic 's and 79th on Rotten Tomatoes ' list of best films of 2015. The Revenant has received numerous award nominations and wins, particularly for DiCaprio's performance, Iñárritu's direction and Lubezki's cinematography. At the 88th Annual Academy Awards , Iñárritu won Best Director for the second consecutive time, Emmanuel Lubezki won Best Cinematography for
864-583: A role as a voyageur, but he rejected it due to perceptions of anti-French bias and historical inaccuracies. According to Allan Greer, the Canada Research Chair of colonial North America, "generally the American traders had a worse reputation than the Canadians." The filmmakers made a special point of emphasizing the importance of historical issues of ethnicity approached in the movie and represented in
960-404: A role" and as an "anchoring performance of ferocious 200 percent commitment". Peter Travers of Rolling Stone called DiCaprio's acting "a virtuoso performance, thrilling in its brute force and silent eloquence". Writing for Vulture , David Edelstein called the film a "tour de force" and "[b]leak as hell but considerably more beautiful", but noted it had "traditional masculinity instead of
1056-478: A search for what illuminates man's inhumanity to man". Justin Chang of Variety wrote Iñárritu "increasingly succumbs to the air of grim overdetermination that has marred much of [his] past work" and it was "an imposing vision... but also an inflated and emotionally stunted one". Stephanie Zacharek, writing for Time magazine, gave a positive review to the film stating: "Inarritu may have fashioned The Revenant as
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#17328813371301152-458: A semi- nomadic people on the Great Plains . During the sedentary seasons, the Arikara lived primarily in villages of earth lodges . While traveling or during the seasonal bison hunts, they erected portable tipis as temporary shelter. They were primarily an agricultural society, whose women cultivated varieties of corn (or maize). The crop was such an important staple of their society that it
1248-458: A separation from the Skidi Pawnee in about the 15th century. The Arzberger site near present-day Pierre, South Dakota , designated as a National Historic Landmark , is an archeological site from this period, containing the remains of a fortified village with more than 44 lodges. An Arikara village, near where present-day Pierre, South Dakota developed, was visited in 1743 by two sons of
1344-547: A storm approaches, Hikuc constructs a sweat lodge for the feverish Glass to shelter in. After a hallucinogenic experience in the lodge, Glass emerges to discover that his wounds are healing, but French Canadian hunters have lynched Hikuc. He infiltrates their camp and sees the leader Toussaint (who previously sold horses to the Arikara) raping Powaqa. Glass frees her; she castrates Toussaint and flees while he kills several hunters and recovers Hikuc's horse. The following day, Glass
1440-645: A theatrical release in China , following its three wins at the 88th Academy Awards on February 28, 2016, the film was granted a release in China but with several cuts. It was released on March 18, 2016. The DVD , Blu-ray and 4K Ultra HD Blu-ray were released on April 12, 2016, in the US. Opening sales of the DVD along with online streaming orders placed The Revenant as number one in sales at Amazon. Distribution to major rental outlets in
1536-558: A tribe of Native Americans in North Dakota . Today, they are enrolled with the Mandan and the Hidatsa as the federally recognized tribe known as the Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara Nation . The Arikara's name is believed to mean "horns", in reference to the ancient custom of wearing two upright bones in their hair. The name also could mean "elk people" or "corn eaters". The Arikara language
1632-509: A vinyl pressing of the soundtrack in April 2016. The score by Sakamoto and Noto was ruled ineligible for the Academy Award for Best Original Score at the 2016 Oscars as it was deemed that it was "assembled from the music of more than one composer". The movie was accompanied by a 44-minute documentary, named A World Unseen , highlighting the process of making the production. A World Unseen
1728-504: A voiceover in Inupiaq , which is spoken in Arctic Alaska, thousands of kilometres away and a different language family from Pawnee . The voiceover was a recording of Doreen Nutaaq Simmonds reading a poem from a John Luther Adams recording; the words originally came from an Inuit woman named Uvavnuk , an angakkuq (shaman) and oral poet . The Revenant had a limited release in
1824-400: Is a 2015 American epic western action drama film directed by Alejandro G. Iñárritu . The screenplay by Mark L. Smith and Iñárritu is based in part on Michael Punke 's 2002 novel The Revenant , which describes frontiersman Hugh Glass 's experiences in 1823, and which is based on the 1915 poem The Song of Hugh Glass . The film stars Leonardo DiCaprio and Tom Hardy . The film
1920-517: Is a member of the Caddoan language family . Arikara is close to the Pawnee language , but they are not mutually intelligible . As of 2007, the total number of remaining native speakers was reported as ten, one of whom, Maude Starr, died on 20 January 2010. She was a certified language teacher who participated in Arikara language education programs. Linguistic divergence between Arikara and Pawnee suggests
2016-515: Is alive, empties the outpost's safe and flees, intending to reach Texas . The search party finds the exhausted Glass near the Yellowstone River . Furious, Henry orders the arrest of Bridger, but Glass vouches for him, saying Bridger was deceived and threatened by the higher-ranking Fitzgerald—who murdered his son. Glass and Henry set out in pursuit of Fitzgerald. Along the way, Glass admits he once killed an officer who tried to murder Hawk. After
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#17328813371302112-418: Is ambushed by the Arikara and driven over a cliff on his horse. A tree breaks his fall and he survives the night by eviscerating the dead horse and sheltering inside its carcass. A frightened French survivor staggers into Fort Kiowa, and Bridger recognizes the man's spiral-engraved canteen. Now believing that Hawk is alive, Henry organizes a search party. Fitzgerald however, knowing that it is actually Glass who
2208-589: Is considered a remake of the film Man in the Wilderness (1971). In August 2001, Akiva Goldsman purchased Punke's manuscript. Iñárritu signed on to direct The Revenant in August 2011; in April 2014, after several delays due to other projects, Iñárritu confirmed that he was beginning work on it and that DiCaprio had the lead role. Principal photography began in October 2014. Location and crew concerns delayed production from May to August 2015. The Revenant premiered at
2304-402: Is unaware of Hawk's murder, that the Arikara are approaching and they must abandon Glass. At first Bridger protests, but he ultimately follows Fitzgerald after the latter leaves Glass half-buried alive in a makeshift grave. Bridger leaves a canteen on which he had engraved a spiral symbol with Glass. The next morning, Bridger forces Fitzgerald to admit that there are no pursuing Arikara. They reach
2400-450: The travois , a lightweight transportation device pulled by dogs. It consisted of two long poles attached by a harness at the dog's shoulders, with the butt ends dragging behind the animal; midway, a ladder-like frame, or a hoop made of plaited thongs, was stretched between the poles; it held loads that might exceed 60 pounds. Women also used dogs to pull travois to haul firewood or infants. The travois were used to carry meat harvested during
2496-478: The 88th Academy Awards , the film received 12 nominations, including Best Picture and Best Supporting Actor (Hardy). It won the Academy Awards for Best Director (Iñárritu, his second consecutive in that category), Best Actor (DiCaprio, his first after 5 previous nominations), and Best Cinematography ( Emmanuel Lubezki , his third consecutive in that category). DiCaprio also won the Golden Globe Award ,
2592-580: The Best British Actor award at the London Film Critics' Circle and was runner-up for Best Supporting Actor at Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association . DiCaprio was awarded Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role award at 22nd Screen Actors Guild Awards , and Iñárritu received Outstanding Directing – Feature Film award at 68th Directors Guild of America Awards . It received five Satellite Awards nominations, winning
2688-582: The East Coast which reportedly hurt many films' box office performance. The following weekend it was overtaken by Fox's own animated movie Kung Fu Panda 3 thereby topping the box office for one weekend. Following the announcement of the Oscar nominees on January 14, The Revenant witnessed the biggest boost among the Best Picture category, jumping from $ 54.1 million to $ 170.5 million, an increase of +215% up to
2784-703: The Screen Actors Guild Award , the BAFTA Award , and the Critics' Choice Award for Best Actor. Fur trapper Hugh Glass watches as American soldiers burn down a Native American village in the Great Plains . Years later, in late 1823, during the Arikara War , Glass guides Captain Andrew Henry 's trappers through the territory of the present-day Dakotas . While he and his half- Pawnee son, Hawk, are hunting,
2880-633: The TCL Chinese Theatre in Los Angeles, California on December 16, 2015. It had a limited release on December 25 and a wide release on January 8, 2016. It was a blockbuster, grossing $ 533 million worldwide. It received positive reviews, with praise for the performances, particularly for DiCaprio and Hardy, Iñárritu's direction, and Lubezki's cinematography; however, some criticism went to its runtime. It won three Golden Globe Awards and five BAFTA Awards , including Best Film at both ceremonies. At
2976-421: The "Corn Mother" can be found in many Native American mythologies. The myth is said to reflect the migrations of the Arikara from East to West. In the late 18th century, the tribe suffered a high rate of fatalities from smallpox epidemics , which reduced their population from an estimated 30,000 to 6,000, disrupting their social structure. The smallpox epidemic of 1780-1782 reduced the Arikara villages along
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3072-608: The 25-piece Berlin-based orchestra known as "s t a r g a z e" under conductor André de Ridder . Additional licensed music includes "Become Ocean", the Pulitzer Prize and Grammy Award-winning work of John Luther Adams as recorded by the Seattle Symphony with conductor Ludovic Morlot and an excerpt of "Jetsun Mila" from French musician and composer Eliane Radigue . A soundtrack album was released online on December 25, 2015, and on CD on January 8, 2016. Milan Records released
3168-503: The East into the West, but after a time she returned to Heaven and in her absence the people of the earth began to kill one another. She returned to the earth with a leader who taught them how to fight their enemies rather than one another. This is an "emergence" style creation myth, depicting the "Corn Mother" as giving birth to the planted seeds (the remaining good giants after the flood). The figure of
3264-603: The French trader and explorer La Vérendrye . In the last quarter of the 17th century, the Arikara came under attack from the Omaha / Ponca and the Iowa near the end of the Omaha/Ponca migration to Nebraska. With peace established later, the Arikara influenced the newcomers. The Omaha still credit the Arikara women for instructing them in the art of building earth lodges. The Arikara lived as
3360-720: The Henry/Ashley Company. The trappers were camped near an Arikara village at the mouth of Grand River (north of present-day Mobridge, South Dakota). Fourteen trappers died and 10 were wounded, including Hugh Glass , memorialized in the 1954 biographical novel Lord Grizzly by Frederick Manfred , the 2002 historical fiction novel The Revenant: A Novel of Revenge by Michael Punke , and the 2015 film The Revenant , an adaptation of Punke's book. Colonel Henry Leavenworth left Fort Atkinson (now in Nebraska) with 220 men. More than 700 Yankton, Yanktonai and Lakota Indians joined him in
3456-474: The Missouri from 32 to 2. The effects of the epidemic may have been so terrible that it could not be comprehended but in allegorical form. All-out war hit the weakened and often divided Arikara. In a burned-down village, (later studied as Larson Site ), archaeologists found the mutilated skeletons of 71 men, women and children, killed in the early 1780s by unknown Native American attackers. Groups of Sioux were
3552-476: The Oscar ceremony in the weekend ending February 28. Outside North America, the film secured a release in 78 countries. It made $ 20.5 million from 2,407 screens in just 18 markets, placing behind The Force Awakens at the international box office chart and first among newly released films. The following weekend, it added $ 32.3 million from 25 markets on 4,849 screens. The film topped the international box office in its third weekend—the same weekend when it topped
3648-665: The Platte (now Nebraska), where Colonel Henry Dodge met them in 1835. Harassed by the numerous Sioux, the Arikara finally buried old enmity and befriended the Mandan and the Hidatsa in the late 1830s. The manager in the trading post Fort Clark observed in June 1838, how "the Rees, Mandans and Gros Ventres [Hidatsas] started out early" in a common bison hunt. Smallpox had struck the Upper Missouri tribes
3744-561: The Sioux in raids on Mandan and Hidatsa Indians. Later they negotiated for peace with both village tribes. Due to their reduced numbers, the Arikara started to live closer to the Mandan and Hidatsa in the same area for mutual protection. They migrated gradually from present-day Nebraska and South Dakota into North Dakota . The remainder of the group was encountered in 1804 by the Lewis and Clark Expedition . The first Arikara delegation left for
3840-459: The Sioux", declared chief White Shield in 1864. Like a Fishhook Village was not safe from devastation, strikes or raids for horses (and neither was the nearby trading post Fort Berthold II). Just before the end of 1862, some Sioux burned a part of the village. The affiliation of the Sioux is not always clear: Lakota, Yanktonai and "refugee" Santee Sioux from the Minnesota uprising sometimes attacked
3936-508: The Three Tribes. As always in intertribal warfare, there were interludes with peace - and conflicts with other Indian foes, as for example the Assiniboine . In 1869, the Three Tribes asked the United States for guns as protection against hostile Sioux, and they finally received 300 pieces. The Three Tribes sold a part of their southern treaty land, more or less already annexed by the Lakota, to
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4032-658: The US and Canada are China ($ 58.6 million), the United Kingdom ($ 32.8 million), Germany ($ 28.7 million) and France ($ 28.2 million). The film opened in Japan on March 23. On Rotten Tomatoes , the film has an approval rating of 78%, based on 399 reviews, with an average rating of 7.80/10. The website's critical consensus reads: "As starkly beautiful as it is harshly uncompromising, The Revenant uses Leonardo DiCaprio's committed performance as fuel for an absorbing drama that offers punishing challenges—and rich rewards." On Metacritic ,
4128-514: The US and overperformed in all states except the Northeast region. Its wide release weekend is among the top openings in January. It topped the box office in its fifth weekend overall and third weekend in wide release after competing with Ride Along 2 in its second weekend. It added $ 16 million in its third weekend, which was down 49.7% but topped the box office, despite a blizzard blanketing most of
4224-515: The US box office—overtaking The Force Awakens with $ 33.7 million from 48 markets. In the United Kingdom and Ireland, it took the number 1 spot with $ 7.87 million or £5.2 million ($ 7.4 million) from 589 theaters and remained there for a second weekend declining by 24% with £3.86 million ($ 5.5 million), and for a third weekend. Similarly, in Russia, it passed The Force Awakens to take the top spot with $ 7.5 million from 1,063 screens. In France, it has
4320-446: The US was done on May 17, 2016. On December 20, 2015, less than one week before its release, screener copies of The Revenant were leaked online. The FBI linked this to Alcon Entertainment CEO Andrew Kosove, who denied responsibility. In October 2016, a former 20th Century Fox employee was fined $ 1.12 million in a separate case for uploading both The Revenant and The Peanuts Movie online. The Revenant grossed $ 183.6 million in
4416-448: The US. The foundation of all this is so outrageous that it can easily be minimized as an SNL sketch , a mere entertainment, a joke ... I debated with myself, if I should bring up this uncomfortable subject tonight but in light of the constant and relentless xenophobic comments that have been expressed recently against my Mexican fellows, it is inevitable." Bruce Bradley of True West Magazine pointed out several anachronisms hinted in
4512-471: The United States and Canada and $ 349.3 million in other countries for a worldwide total of $ 533 million, against a production budget of $ 135 million. In March 2016, before the film had completed its theatrical domestic and international runs, Deadline Hollywood calculated the net profit of the film to be $ 61.6 million when factoring together all expenses and revenues. In North America, The Revenant opened in limited release on December 25, 2015, and over
4608-516: The United States in the Laramie Treaty of 1851 was to establish a permanent peace on most of the northern plains and to define tribal territories. The basic treaty area of the Arikara, the Hidatsa and the Mandan was a mutual territory north of Heart River, encircled on the east and north by the Missouri and on the west by Yellowstone River down to the mouth of Powder River. The Lakota had continued to press north after 1823, so they got treaty rights on
4704-492: The United States on April 12, 1870. At the same time, they got treaty on the area where Like a Fishhook Village was located. In June 1874, Colonel George Armstrong Custer in Fort Abraham Lincoln (now North Dakota) received an order to delay his Black Hills Expedition and stop a large war party of Lakota on its way to attack Like a Fishhook Village. "The Rees and Mandans should be protected same as white settlers", read
4800-565: The United States on December 25, 2015, including Los Angeles —making it eligible for the 88th Academy Awards —before being released nationwide on January 8, 2016. The film opened in Australia on January 7, 2016, and in the United Kingdom on January 15, 2016. In the Philippines, the film's release date was originally set for January 27, 2016, but it was eventually delayed one week to February 3, 2016. Although studios initially chose not to pursue
4896-424: The United States' first Indian war west of the Missouri. The Arikara retreated to their fortified village. Soon the disappointed Sioux left the battlefield. The Arikara escaped at night, and angry fur traders set their empty lodges ablaze the next morning. "This was the only time in history that any of the Three Tribes fought in open warfare against the United States". The Bloody Hand and other Arikara chiefs signed
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#17328813371304992-524: The Upper Missouri". Before smallpox epidemics hit the three village tribes, they were the "most influential and affluent peoples in the Northern Plains". Traditionally an Arikara family owned 30–40 dogs. The people used them for hunting and as sentries, but most importantly for transportation in the centuries before the Plains tribes adopted the use of horses in the 1600s. Many of the Plains tribes had used
5088-621: The area along Grand River as well as other land south of Heart River. Peace was short-lived. As drawings collected by W. J. Hoffman of Hunkpapa Chief Running Antelope showed, in 1853 he already had killed four Arikara Indians. The next year the Three Tribes called for the U. S. Army to intervene; that request was repeated the next two decades. Arikara hunters were waylaid and had difficulties securing enough game and hides. A lengthy battle between an Arikara camp on hunt and several hundred Lakota took place in June 1858. The Arikara camp lost ten men, with 34 wounded. The Arikara built Star Village in
5184-775: The award of Best Actor for DiCaprio. On May 2, 2016, Time magazine included both DiCaprio and Iñárritu in its issue of the 100 Most Influential People of 2015, with a cover photograph of DiCaprio on the magazine. John Kerry , then the US Secretary of State, wrote a short testimonial to DiCaprio for this issue of Time stating that DiCaprio's dedication drives him to succeed and "that's how he takes himself back 200 years to create an Oscar-winning, bear-brawling, powerhouse performance in The Revenant ." Arikara The Arikara ( English: / ə ˈ r ɪ k ər ə / ), also known as Sahnish , Arikaree , Ree , or Hundi , are
5280-732: The biggest opening day in Paris and the third-biggest opening weekend of 2016 with $ 8.2 million. It also opened at No. 1 in Mexico ($ 5.1 million), Spain ($ 4 million), the Netherlands ($ 1.3 million), Belgium ($ 1.1 million), Argentina ($ 955,000), Sweden ($ 914,000), South Korea, Denmark, Norway, Israel, Egypt and Portugal among other markets. In Germany ($ 4.6 million) and Australia ($ 2.9 million), it debuted at No. 2 both behind The Force Awakens and in Brazil ($ 2.17 million) behind The Ten Commandments . It had one of
5376-452: The buffalo slaughter not occurring until the 1870s. To portray Arikara culture accurately, the filmmakers hired several cultural consultants and teamed up with two linguists to provide faithful Arikara and Pawnee language lines for actors. Hikuc, the Pawnee man who helps Glass survive, is played by a Navajo actor. However, in one scene, a Pawnee character rescuing Glass is accompanied by
5472-464: The capital, Washington, DC, in April 1805, urged by the Lewis and Clark Expedition . Chief Ankedoucharo became ill during his stay and died in Washington. The delegates blamed the whites for the chief's death. That was one reason why the Arikara for the next decades were "notoriously hostile to white Americans". On June 2, 1823, the Arikara attacked a group of 70 trappers led by William Henry Ashley of
5568-576: The combination of revenge and self-defense would constitute a powerful motivation" for joining the whites in actions like that. Custer's favorite scout, an Arikara known as Bloody Knife , fell during the Battle of the Little Bighorn in the Crow Indian Reservation (now Montana) in 1876. "Mandans, Arickarees and Gros Ventres" were among the first Indian children to arrive at Hampton Institute ,
5664-471: The company's camp is attacked by an Arikara war party which is seeking to recover its chief's abducted daughter, Powaqa. Many of the trappers are killed during the fight, and the rest of them escape onto a boat. Guided by Glass, the survivors begin a trek to Fort Kiowa on foot because Glass believes traveling down the Missouri River will make them vulnerable. After docking, the crew stash their pelts near
5760-403: The creation myth of the neighboring Mandan people. It begins with the great sky chief Nishanu creating giants . The giants did not respect Nishanu who had created them and most of the giants were destroyed by a great flood . The good giants who were saved became corn kernels under the earth. Nishanu planted corn in the heavens yielding Mother Corn, who went to the earth to lead the people out of
5856-436: The end, he was right." The project was put on hold in March 2012, as New Regency hired Iñárritu to direct an adaptation of Flim-Flam Man , Jennifer Vogel's non-fiction book about her criminal father. Penn was also under consideration for the lead role in that film. In December 2012, Iñárritu announced that his next film would be Birdman or (The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance) , a comedy-drama about an actor who once played
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#17328813371305952-654: The film earned $ 14.4 million, ranking first at the box office. The film grossed $ 39.8 million in its opening weekend from 3,375 theaters, exceeding initial projections by 70%, and finishing second at the box office behind Star Wars: The Force Awakens ($ 42.4 million), which was on its fourth weekend of play. It was the director's biggest opening of all time, and the fourth-biggest for DiCaprio and supporting actor Tom Hardy. Critics noted that The Force Awakens had an advantage from playing at 781 more theaters, family-friendly Sunday matinees, and all North American IMAX theaters. Nevertheless, The Revenant played very balanced across
6048-483: The film has a weighted average score of 76 out of 100, based on 50 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B+" on an A+ to F scale, and PostTrak reported audiences gave it an overall positive score of 85% and a 59% "definite recommend". Reviewers cited in a CBS News survey of critics highly praised DiCaprio's performance, referring to it as an "astonishing testament to his commitment to
6144-507: The film is completed. Annapurna Pictures ' Megan Ellison entered negotiations to finance the film shortly after. The Chinese company Guangdong Alpha Animation and Culture Company partially financed the film. Principal photography for The Revenant began in October 2014. A planned two-week break from filming in December was extended to six weeks which forced Tom Hardy to drop out of Suicide Squad . In February 2015, Iñárritu, who shot
6240-553: The film received 12 Academy Award nominations (more than any other film at the ceremony), including Best Picture and Best Director , as well as Best Actor and Best Supporting Actor . On February 14, 2016, the film received the most awards at 69th British Academy Film Awards out of eight nominations, with five, including Best Film , Best Director , Best Cinematography , Best Sound , and Best Leading Actor . It received nine Critics' Choice Awards nominations, winning two Best Actor and Best Cinematography . Tom Hardy won
6336-517: The film such as John Fitzgerald talking about his father having friends in the Texas Rangers and about going to Texas and joining the army himself. However, in 1823, Texas was still part of Mexico and therefore would not have had an American army, let alone the Texas Rangers. Another anachronism involved Hugh Glass discovering a mountain of buffalo skulls while working his way to Fort Kiowa despite
6432-470: The film using natural lighting , stated that production would last "until the end of April or May", as the crew is "shooting in such remote far-away locations that, by the time we arrive and have to return, we have already spent 40% of the day". Ultimately, principal photography wrapped in August 2015. The waterfall scenes were filmed at the Kootenai Falls near Libby, Montana . Though the initial plan
6528-446: The film. Worldview Entertainment , which also co-financed Birdman , was originally set to fund the film but backed out in July 2014 due to the departure of CEO Christopher Woodrow . New Regency approached Fox for additional funding, but Fox declined, citing the pay-or-play contracts made for both DiCaprio and Tom Hardy , which would require that the actors be paid regardless of whether
6624-402: The fort, and Fitzgerald falsely reports to Henry that Hawk vanished and Glass died. Bridger is complicit in the lie about Glass's death, but remains unaware of Hawk's murder. Henry tells Fitzgerald that the fort is almost out of money, and that they are waiting for reinforcements led by Henry Leavenworth before anyone can be paid. Regaining some strength, Glass starts an arduous journey through
6720-421: The hands of the Arikara. Their chief, Elk Dog, kills and scalps Fitzgerald, and the Arikara (who have found Powaqa) spare Glass. Glass retreats into the mountains, where he is visited by his wife's spirit. Development of The Revenant began in August 2001, with producer Akiva Goldsman acquiring the rights to Michael Punke 's then-unpublished manuscript. David Rabe had written the film's script. The production
6816-430: The mixed ethnic background of Hugh Glass's son portrayed in the film (portrayed as half Pawnee by Glass's wife) as relating to his own life and his identification with ethnic concerns. The director has referred to having encountered constant xenophobia and stated that: "These constant and relentless xenophobic (comments) have been widely spread by the media without shame, embraced and cheered by leaders and communities around
6912-467: The ones who gained most by the weakening of the Arikara. They attacked the vulnerable Arikara and increased "the pace of Sioux expansion" west of the Missouri . The Arikara faced many challenges during the first quarter of the 19th century: Reduced numbers, competition from white traders, and military pressure from the Lakota and other groups of Sioux. Alliances shifted constantly. The Arikara joined old foes
7008-468: The only volunteers are Hawk and the young Jim Bridger , Fitzgerald, wanting the money to recoup his losses from the abandoned pelts, also agrees to stay. After the others leave, Fitzgerald attempts to smother Glass but is stopped when Glass's son Hawk intervenes. Hawk holds Fitzgerald at gunpoint and shouts for Bridger—who is away gathering water—but Fitzgerald stabs Hawk to death as Glass watches helplessly. The next morning, Fitzgerald convinces Bridger, who
7104-623: The order from General Phil Sheridan. Custer failed and the Lakota killed five Arikara and one Mandan. During the Great Sioux War of 1876 , some Arikara served as scouts for Custer in the Little Bighorn Campaign . The Arikara "supplied some of the most faithful and effective Indian scouts " for the Army during the war against the bands of Lakota roaming other peoples' territories in 1876-1877. "For tribes subject to Sioux pressure for decades,
7200-511: The production, explaining that "as a director, if I identify a violin that is out of tune, I have to take that from the orchestra." On his experience, DiCaprio stated: "I can name 30 or 40 sequences that were some of the most difficult things I've ever had to do. Whether it's going in and out of frozen rivers, or sleeping in animal carcasses, or what I ate on set. [I was] enduring freezing cold and possible hypothermia constantly." Iñárritu had stated that he originally wanted to film chronologically,
7296-540: The seasonal hunts; a single dog could pull a quarter of a bison . The Arikara played a central role in the Great Plains Indian trading networks based on an advantageous geographical position combined with a surplus from agriculture and craft . Historical sources show that the Arikara villages were visited by Cree , Assiniboine , Crow , Cheyenne , Arapaho , Sioux , Kiowa , Plains Apache and Comanche . The Arikara creation myth shows similarities with
7392-405: The shore. While he is scouting game, Glass is mauled and left near death by a female grizzly bear that is guarding her cubs. Fearing another Arikara attack, John Fitzgerald, one of the trappers, argues that the group must mercy-kill Glass and keep moving. Henry agrees, but he is unable to pull the trigger. Instead, he offers to pay anyone who will stay with Glass and bury him after he dies. When
7488-456: The spring of 1862. They had to abandon it after a fierce fight with the Sioux a few months later. The Arikara crossed the Missouri and built new earth lodges and log houses near the common Mandan and Hidatsa village Like-a-Fishhook Village . The village was built outside the Three Tribes treaty area. "We, the Arikara, have been driven from our country on the other side of the Missouri River by
7584-466: The theme of revenge, he mentioned that the approach of vengeance in the film needs to be significantly tempered by anyone who would want to see vengeance as either an effective or useful moral to be applied in life. In the end, he said, there can only be a disappointment and lack of fulfillment for anyone who looks to revenge as providing a higher purpose for living or a life-defining purpose. The Guardian reported, "The backstory about Glass's love for
7680-435: The third consecutive time, and DiCaprio won his first award for Best Actor . Hardy lost the award for Best Supporting Actor to Mark Rylance for Bridge of Spies , and the film itself lost Best Picture to Spotlight . At the 73rd Golden Globe Awards , it won three awards: Best Motion Picture – Drama , Best Director , and Best Actor – Drama . It also had a nomination for Best Original Score . On January 14, 2016,
7776-415: The top for a third weekend with $ 3.6 million. In China, it had an opening day of around $ 11 million from more than 11,000 screens, including $ 250,000 in midnight previews, and $ 23 million in two days. In its opening weekend, it grossed $ 31 million, coming in second place behind the animated Zootopia . IMAX comprised $ 2.3 million on 278 screens. In terms of total earnings, its largest markets outside of
7872-490: The top ten openings of all time for a Fox film, not accounting for inflation in South Korea with $ 5.7 million and went on to top the box office there for a second weekend with $ 3.22 million despite cold weather affecting theater attendance resulting in low box office performance. In Russia, though not opening at number 1, it topped the box office in its second weekend with $ 4.4 million—more than The Force Awakens —and went on to
7968-449: The two lead roles. Once Iñárritu agreed to direct, he began working with Smith on script rewrites. In an interview with Creative Screenwriting , Smith admitted that during this process, he was unsure if Iñárritu would even be able to film some of the sequences they wrote. He recalled, "He would have some ideas and I would say, 'Alejandro, we can't pull this off. It's not going to work', and he would say, 'Mark, trust me, we can do this.' In
8064-424: The two men split up, Fitzgerald ambushes, kills, and scalps Henry. Glass props up Henry's corpse on his horse to act as a decoy, taking its place himself to ambush Fitzgerald and shoot him in the shoulder. He pursues Fitzgerald to a riverbank, where they engage in a brutal fight. Glass is about to kill Fitzgerald, but he spots a band of Arikara downstream. He remembers Hikuc's words and pushes Fitzgerald downstream into
8160-511: The ultimate endurance test, but as Glass, DiCaprio simply endures. He gives the movie a beating heart, offering it up, figuratively speaking, alive and bloody on a platter. It—he—is the most visceral effect in the movie: revenge served warm. Bon appetit." Richard Brody of The New Yorker was critical of the film, and said that Emmanuel Lubezki 's images were mere "pictorial ornament[s] to Alejandro G. Iñárritu 's bland theatrical stagings". A critic for Santa Barbara Independent considered it
8256-560: The weekend grossed $ 474,560 from four theaters in New York City and Los Angeles ($ 118,640 per screen), finishing twenty-third at the box office. It was the second-biggest theater average of 2015 behind the $ 130,000 four-screen debut of Steve Jobs . The film earned a total of $ 1.6 million from its two-week limited run before expanding wide on January 8, 2016, across 3,371 theaters. It earned $ 2.3 million from its early Thursday preview showings from 2,510 theaters. On its opening day,
8352-512: The wilderness. (The meaning of the word " revenant " is a person who has returned, especially supposedly from the dead.) Glass performs a crude cauterization of his wounds and eludes the pursuing Arikara by jumping into river rapids. He encounters Pawnee refugee Hikuc, who lost his family to the Sioux , and tells Glass that "revenge is in the Creator 's hands." The men share bison meat and travel together. As
8448-432: The world. She compared both works' protagonists—Glass and Hawk-eye —as literary foils, with Glass living an inversion of the latter's biography and perspective. In the documentary A World Unseen , the director stated that for The Revenant ' s main themes, he revisits the issues and concerns of intense parental and filial relations, which are readily recognizable as a recurrent theme from his previous works. Regarding
8544-419: The year before (and would again in 1856). It decimated the Mandan. The surviving Arikara took over the almost empty Mandan village Mitutanka next to Fort Clark. The earth lodges stood until Yankton Sioux set them on fire in January 1839. The village was rebuilt by the Arikara, who lived there until 1861. Another Sioux attack—and the need for a trading post—made them leave the settlement for good. The goal of
8640-615: Was allotted a homestead of 160 acres in the early 1890s. The Arikara Indians were considered citizens of the United States—and no more tribal village dwellers. The three tribes are settled on the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation in North Dakota. In the 2015 film The Revenant , Arikara warriors act as major antagonists in the early part of the film. Trappers refer to them both by their proper name and as Ree, and
8736-589: Was composed by Japanese musician Ryuichi Sakamoto and German electronic musician Alva Noto with additional music composed by Bryce Dessner . The main body of the score was recorded at the Seattlemusic Scoring Stage in the Bastyr Chapel in greater Seattle, Washington by musicians of the Northwest Sinfonia . Sakamoto conducted these sessions. Bryce Dessner's portion of the score was performed by
8832-403: Was considered to replace him, but Alejandro G. Iñárritu signed on to direct in August 2011. Goldsman was also confirmed to be producing with Weed Road Pictures. In November, New Regency Productions joined to produce with Anonymous Content, and 20th Century Fox was confirmed to be distributing the film. Days later, Iñárritu stated that he was seeking Leonardo DiCaprio and Sean Penn for
8928-442: Was picked up by Park Chan-wook , with Samuel L. Jackson in mind to star. Park later left the project. The development stalled until 2010 when Mark L. Smith wrote a new adaptation of the novel for Steve Golin 's Anonymous Content . In May 2010, Smith revealed that John Hillcoat was attached to direct the film and that Christian Bale was in negotiation to star. Hillcoat left the project in October 2010. Jean-François Richet
9024-519: Was referred to as "Mother Corn." An early European, a botanist, praised the Arikara women as excellent cultivators. He had not seen finer crops anywhere in America. The surplus corn and other crops, along with tobacco, were traded to the Lakota, the Cheyenne and more southern plains tribes during short-lived truces. The amount of trading items passing through the Arikara villages made them a "trading center on
9120-570: Was released on January 21, 2016, on YouTube . Eliot Rausch served as its director. In the Los Angeles Review of Books , critic Wai Chee Dimock compared The Revenant ' s themes with those addressed in the literary works of James Fenimore Cooper , particularly The Last of the Mohicans . Dimock argues that the film reinterprets the concept of " half-breeds " from a derogatory idea that Cooper despised to an aesthetic way in which to see
9216-561: Was to film the last scenes in Canada, the weather was ultimately too warm, leading the filmmakers to locations near the Río Olivia in Tierra del Fuego , Argentina with snow on the ground, to shoot the ending. Crew members often complained about difficult filming, with many quitting or being fired. Mary Parent was then brought in as a producer. Iñárritu stated that some of the crew members had left
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