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21-558: In the late 1950s conservative students on college campuses campaigned for policies to combat communism. Many of these students became supporters of Barry Goldwater's 1960 campaign for the GOP vice-presidential nomination. At the Republican National Convention, Goldwater, failing to secure the nomination, challenged attendees saying: "Let’s grow up conservatives. If you want to take the party back, then let’s get to work!" In response,

42-464: A "seminal document" in the establishment of the conservative movement. The Heritage Foundation described the Sharon Statement as "a succinct summary of the central ideas of modern American conservatism". Lee Edwards Lee Willard Edwards (born 1932) is an American academic and author, currently a fellow at The Heritage Foundation . He is a historian of the conservative movement in

63-487: A combination of traditional conservatism, libertarianism and anti-communism, the three prevailing variants of conservatism at the time. The inclusion of "God" in the document was controversial. The statement begins with the statement "foremost among the transcendent values is the individual's use of his God-given free will." It then proceeds to espouse five core principles which have directed the conservative movement since its adoption: Two years later, in 1962, Tom Hayden wrote

84-516: A meeting was organized at the home of William F. Buckley in Sharon, Connecticut. In attendance at the Sharon Conference were about 90 students from 44 universities located in 24 states. Amongst the attendees were several future conservative leaders including historian Lee Edwards , Howard Phillips , Don Lipsett (co-founder Philadelphia Society ), Paul Niemeyer (United States Court of Appeals for

105-551: A principle from the Declaration of Independence: that human freedom is based on "the laws of nature and nature's God." In a 2010 interview, Evans reflected on the impact of the Sharon Statement, attributing the document and the movement it spawned to the fall of the Soviet Union while failing to address the "domestic spending issue" and "cultural issues, educational issues." In his obituary of Evans journalist Adam Clymer called it

126-533: Is a signatory of the Prague Declaration on European Conscience and Communism . He and his wife, Anne, who assists him in all his writing, live in Alexandria, Virginia . They have two daughters and eleven grandchildren. Draft Goldwater Committee The Draft Goldwater Committee was the organization primarily responsible for engineering the nomination of Arizona Senator Barry Goldwater for President of

147-699: The World & I , owned by a subsidiary of Sun Myung Moon 's Unification Church . Edwards was the founding director of the Institute on Political Journalism at Georgetown University and a fellow at the Harvard Institute of Politics . He is a past president of the Philadelphia Society and has been a media fellow at the Hoover Institution . He is a distinguished fellow in conservative thought in

168-561: The Port Huron Statement . The manifesto for Students for a Democratic Society has been called the left's response to the Sharon Statement. In 2010, fifty years after the adoption of the Sharon Statement, the Mount Vernon Statement was written. The Mount Vernon Statement shares the same sentiment of the Sharon Statement. However, where Sharon focuses on the "outworkings of liberty and self-government", Mount Vernon emphasizes

189-559: The B. Kenneth Simon Center for American Studies at The Heritage Foundation , and as of 2011 , was an adjunct professor of politics at the Catholic University of America and Institute of World Politics . Edwards co-founded the Victims of Communism Memorial Foundation with The Heritage Foundation 's founder and chairman, Edwin Feulner , and was appointed its chairman emeritus. Edwards

210-705: The Cold War, 1946–1948 . Edwards helped found Young Americans for Freedom (YAF) in 1960, and then worked for the YAF magazine New Guard as editor. In 1963, he became news director of the Draft Goldwater Committee . His publications include biographies of Ronald Reagan , William F. Buckley , Edwin Meese , and Barry Goldwater , and a work of history, The Conservative Revolution: The Movement That Remade America and The Power of Ideas . He acted as senior editor for

231-636: The Draft Goldwater organizers. Goldwater triumphed, 51% to 49%, and under the winner-take-all rules of the time, he received the entire 86-strong California delegation. The result was an easy first-ballot nomination victory for Goldwater, who captured 883 votes, to 214 for Scranton and 114 for Rockefeller. In all, the Draft Goldwater effort resulted in Goldwater taking 2,267,079 (38.33%) of the primary vote, compared to 1,304,204 (22.05%) for Rockefeller; no other competitor topped 11%. But this actually understates

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252-767: The Fourth Circuit), William A. Rusher ( National Review publisher), Allan Ryskind (publisher of Human Events ) and M. Stanton Evans . It was decided to organize a new organization which was named the Young Americans for Freedom (YAF). Evans was selected to draft the founding principles of the group, named Sharon Statement after Buckley's residence. Evans said he was influenced by the works of conservative thinkers such as F. A. Hayek , Russell Kirk , William F. Buckley Jr. , and Whittaker Chambers . The Sharon Statement consists of 400 words. It's an expression of National Review editor Frank Meyer's "fusionism," described as

273-496: The U.S. A December meeting (this one attended by Governor Tim Babcock of Montana ) determined to divide the country into nine regions for organizing, and to raise sufficient funds to open a national office. The movement grew to a full-time operation with a Manhattan office opened in the spring of 1962; its address in the Chanin Building gave Clif White the title of his account of the Goldwater campaign, Suite 3505 . As

294-615: The United States . Edwards was born in Chicago in 1932. Edwards says he was influenced by the politics of his parents, both anti-communist . His father Willard was a journalist for the Chicago Tribune . He holds a bachelor's degree in English from Duke University and a doctorate in political science from Catholic University . His dissertation was entitled Congress and the origins of

315-415: The United States on the 1964 Republican Party ticket. The effort to draft Goldwater and to secure his nomination began with a secret meeting at a Chicago motel on October 8, 1961. F. Clifton White , a longtime party activist and official from Upstate New York , discussed the possibility of a Goldwater campaign with twenty-two activists, most of them members of Young Republican organizations throughout

336-536: The coming months, White's operation (now with a full-time Washington headquarters at 1025 Connecticut Ave. NW) locked up commitments and delegates in state after state. They were surprised when Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. , won a write-in campaign in the New Hampshire presidential primary , and followed with wins in New Jersey and his native Massachusetts . However, Lodge tired of campaigning and withdrew his candidacy. In

357-603: The committee's efforts continued throughout 1962, the national press learned of and reported on a meeting that December. White met with Goldwater in January 1963 to discuss their activities; "Goldwater, annoyed by the publicity, chilled White but did not repudiate him outright," wrote journalist Theodore H. White in his Making of the President 1964 . By February 1963, the organization had grown to hundreds of operatives and activists, and its executive committee decided to go public, with

378-518: The event (Goldwater himself did not attend). In the coming months, Goldwater continued to keep his distance from White's volunteer organization, but brought attorney Denison Kitchel to Washington to oversee his campaign operations, ostensibly for his scheduled Senate re-election in 1964. By November 1963, it was seen as certain by White, Kitchel and others that Goldwater would run—and then came Kennedy's assassination in Dallas. The hoped-for contrast between

399-673: The formation of the National Draft Goldwater Committee, headed by Peter O'Donnell Jr. , then chairman of the Texas Republican Party . He soon brought aboard Wirt Yerger , first modern chairman of the Mississippi Republican Party . The first public event was a July 4 rally at the District of Columbia Armory. Dozens of busloads (including 43 from New York State alone) helped deliver a crowd of 7,000 for

420-492: The liberal Easterner Kennedy and the conservative Westerner Goldwater was now lost; the Arizonan would be facing a Texan whose ideology was far less obvious than Kennedy's. Moreover, would the country be prepared to have three different men as President in just 14 months? Pressed by Senate colleagues and GOP organizational allies, Goldwater dithered through December, and on January 3, 1964, declared his candidacy for President. In

441-676: The meantime, Goldwater won primaries in Illinois , Texas , Indiana and Nebraska . By this time, Governor Nelson Rockefeller of New York emerged as the strongest moderate challenger, and he won primaries in West Virginia and Oregon , while Governor William Scranton of Pennsylvania and Governor Jim Rhodes of Ohio won favorite-son contests and controlled their states' large delegations. The final showdown came in California on June 2: Rockefeller's bottomless campaign funding against

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