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43-721: Download coordinates as: Tabarin Peninsula lies in Graham Land and forms the east tip of Trinity Peninsula , which is itself the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula . The peninsula extends in a southeast direction from the tip of Trinity Peninsula. It is separated by Antarctic Sound from the Joinville Island group to the east. It is northwest of the Erebus and Terror Gulf , and northeast of James Ross Island . Argentina's Esperanza Base

86-447: A detailed local survey of the area between Hope and Duse Bays. Coastal features, clockwise from the northeast, include: 63°23′S 57°00′W  /  63.383°S 57.000°W  / -63.383; -57.000 . A bay 3 nautical miles (5.6 km; 3.5 mi) long and 2 nautical miles (3.7 km; 2.3 mi) wide, indenting the tip of Antarctic Peninsula and opening on Antarctic Sound . Discovered on January 15, 1902, by

129-400: A few lichens on boulders at the top of the beach and some mosses grow higher up the slope, but no vascular plants grow here. Weddell seals often haul out on the beach and leopard seals hunt offshore. This is a breeding site for gentoo and Adélie penguins , Cape petrels , snow petrels , skuas and kelp gulls . Other birds that probably breed here include the southern giant petrel ,

172-586: A line joining Cape Jeremy and Cape Agassiz . This description of Graham Land is consistent with the 1964 agreement between the British Antarctic Place-names Committee and the US Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names , in which the name "Antarctic Peninsula" was approved for the major peninsula of Antarctica , and the names Graham Land and Palmer Land for the northern and southern portions, respectively. The line dividing them

215-630: A north–south direction and 2 nautical miles (3.7 km; 2.3 mi) wide, which separates Andersson Island and Jonassen Island from the Tabarin Peninsula. Discovered by the SwedAE, 1901-04, under Otto Nordenskjöld, and named after the Fridtjof, a vessel dispatched from Sweden to search for the SwedAE when it was feared lost in 1903. 63°40′S 56°50′W  /  63.667°S 56.833°W  / -63.667; -56.833 . Low ice cliff forming

258-619: A possible site for a depot. 63°25′S 57°02′W  /  63.417°S 57.033°W  / -63.417; -57.033 . A glacier 1 nautical mile (1.9 km; 1.2 mi) long flowing northwest from The Pyramid and The Saddlestone into Depot Glacier, near the head of Hope Bay. Mapped in 1945 and 1948 by the FIDS. Resurveyed by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) in 1955 and named for Richard R. Kenney, assistant surveyor at Hope Bay in 1954 and 1955, who made

301-498: Is about 250 m (820 ft) and the highest point, at around 1,000 metres (3,300 ft), is Mount Taylor which lies just north of the isthmus. The Tabarin Peninsula was discovered and charted by the Swedish Antarctic Expedition (SwedAE), 1901–1904, led by Otto Nordenskjöld and Carl Anton Larsen . It was mapped in 1946 by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) and named after Operation Tabarin ,

344-455: Is at the northeast end of the peninsula, beside Uruguay's ECARE base, named for Ruperto Elichiribehety. The Tabarin Peninsula extends southwards into the Weddell Sea for about 25 kilometres (16 mi). It is connected to the mainland by an isthmus about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) wide which lies between Hope Bay to the north and Duse Bay to the south. The average height of the peninsular

387-503: Is located 2 nautical miles (3.7 km; 2.3 mi) south of the head of Hope Bay. This area was first explored by the SwedAE, 1901-04. Summit Ridge was first charted and named by the FIDS, 1945. The feature takes its name from nearby Summit Pass. 63°27′S 57°03′W  /  63.450°S 57.050°W  / -63.450; -57.050 . A pyramidal peak, 535 metres (1,755 ft) high, standing next south of Mount Carroll and 2 nautical miles (3.7 km; 2.3 mi) south of

430-448: Is occupied by a series of plateaus, namely (north to south) Laclavère Plateau , Louis Philippe Plateau , Detroit Plateau , Herbert Plateau , Foster Plateau , Forbidden Plateau , Bruce Plateau , Avery Plateau and Hemimont Plateau . Antarctic Sound The Antarctic Sound is a body of water about 30 nautical miles (56 km; 35 mi) long and from 7 to 12 nautical miles (13 to 22 km; 8 to 14 mi) wide, separating

473-640: Is roughly 69 degrees south. Graham Land is named after Sir James R. G. Graham , First Lord of the Admiralty at the time of John Biscoe 's exploration of the west side of Graham Land in 1832. It is claimed by Argentina (as part of Argentine Antarctica ), Britain (as part of the British Antarctic Territory ) and Chile (as part of the Chilean Antarctic Territory ). Graham Land is the closest part of Antarctica to South America. Thus it

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516-597: Is the line connecting Cape Scrymgeour on Andersson Island (63°35'S, 56°26'W) with Cape Purvis on Dundee Island (63°35'S, 55°58'W). Close to the north of Andersson Island lies the smaller Jonassen Island , the two being separated by the Yalour Strait which joins the Antarctic Sound to the Erebus and Terror Gulf part of the Weddell Sea . The sound is 30 nautical miles (56 km) long and from 7 to 12 nautical miles (13 to 22 km) wide. The Tabarin Peninsula forms

559-532: Is the usual destination for small ships taking paying visitors on Antarctic trips from South America . (Larger ships are not allowed to disembark passengers.) Until the discoveries of the British Graham Land Expedition of 1934–1937, it was generally supposed to be an archipelago rather than a peninsula. The mountains of Graham Land are the last range of the American Cordillera ,

602-435: The Joinville Island group from the northeast end of the Antarctic Peninsula . The sound was named by the Swedish Antarctic Expedition under Otto Nordenskjöld for the expedition ship Antarctic which in 1902, under the command of Carl Anton Larsen , was the first vessel to navigate it. Since 1998 cruise ships have been visiting the area. The Antarctic Sound is the stretch of water that separates Trinity Peninsula ,

645-490: The Larsen Ice Shelf , it is deceptive and difficult to traverse, and in the year after its first navigation, the same vessel was trapped and crushed by the ice, the ship's crew spending the winter at Hope Bay . Another vessel trying to navigate the sound en route for Snow Hill Island in 1920, failed to get through and could not even reach Hope Bay, and " Operation Tabarin " in 1944 was beset by similar problems. Hope Bay

688-535: The southern fulmar and Wilson's storm petrel . 63°25′S 57°03′W  /  63.417°S 57.050°W  / -63.417; -57.050 . A well-defined valley glacier, flanked by lateral moraines, which terminates in a high vertical ice cliff at the head of Hope Bay, in the northeast end of the Antarctic Peninsula. Discovered by the SwedAE, 1901-04, under Otto Nordenskjöld, and so named by him because, as seen from Antarctic Sound, it appeared to be

731-729: The FIDS and by E. Burden, Master of the Trepassey, from that vessel in 1947. Resurveyed in 1955 by the FIDS. Named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) for the Trepassey , which was chartered by the FIDS in 1945-46 and 1946-47. The vessel was used for the relief of the station at Hope Bay in both seasons and for a survey of Antarctic Sound during the second one. 63°34′S 56°43′W  /  63.567°S 56.717°W  / -63.567; -56.717 . A sound, 6 nautical miles (11 km; 6.9 mi) long in

774-434: The FIDS in 1946, who so named it because a cairn was erected on the eastern of the two summits. 63°30′S 57°03′W  /  63.500°S 57.050°W  / -63.500; -57.050 . A pyramidal rocky peak, 510 metres (1,670 ft) high, from which a prominent ridge extends eastward, standing 2.5 nautical miles (4.6 km; 2.9 mi) southwest of Trepassey Bay between Cairn Hill and Lizard Hill. This area

817-426: The FIDS, and so named because the feature is located 5 miles from their station at Hope Bay on the route from there to Duse Bay. 63°29′S 57°03′W  /  63.483°S 57.050°W  / -63.483; -57.050 . A round-topped hill, 445 metres (1,460 ft) high, with ice-free, talus-covered slopes, standing 1.5 nautical miles (2.8 km; 1.7 mi) west of Trepassey Bay. Probably first seen by

860-469: The SwedAE under Otto Nordenskjöld, 1901-04. Surveyed in 1945 and 1955 by FIDS, who applied the name. This peak is very similar to and has been frequently misidentified in bad weather as The Pyramid, a peak 0.8 mi to the east. The name is an anagram of pyramid. 63°26′S 57°02′W  /  63.433°S 57.033°W  / -63.433; -57.033 . A small nunatak, 380 metres (1,250 ft) high, standing between Mount Carroll and The Pyramid, in

903-527: The SwedAE under Otto Nordenskjöld, 1901-04. First charted by the FIDS in 1946, who so named it because small quantities of reddish mineral in the rock gave the surfaces a conspicuous color. 63°30′S 57°04′W  /  63.500°S 57.067°W  / -63.500; -57.067 . A hill with two summits, the higher 475 metres (1,558 ft) high, standing 2 nautical miles (3.7 km; 2.3 mi) east of Duse Bay and 1 nautical mile (1.9 km; 1.2 mi) southwest of Mineral Hill. First charted by

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946-462: The SwedAE under Otto Nordenskjöld, who named it in commemoration of the winter spent there by J. Gunnar Andersson, S.A. Duse, and Toralf Grunden of his expedition. 63°28′S 56°58′W  /  63.467°S 56.967°W  / -63.467; -56.967 . A bay 0.8 nautical miles (1.5 km; 0.92 mi) wide, lying on the east side of Tabarin Peninsula 3.5 nautical miles (6.5 km; 4.0 mi) southeast of Hope Bay. First surveyed by

989-426: The SwedAE, 1901-04, under Otto Nordenskjöld. First charted in 1946 by the FIDS, who applied the descriptive name. 63°32′S 56°55′W  /  63.533°S 56.917°W  / -63.533; -56.917 . An ice-capped, flat-topped mountain, 745 metres (2,444 ft) high, with a prominent cliff of reddish-brown volcanic rock on the north face, 9 nautical miles (17 km; 10 mi) south of Hope Bay on

1032-510: The SwedAE, 1901-04. The Seven Buttresses were surveyed and named by the FIDS, 1946. Mountain peaks, ridges and passes include, from north to south: 63°26′S 57°03′W  /  63.433°S 57.050°W  / -63.433; -57.050 . A horseshoe-shaped mountain rising to 650 metres (2,130 ft) high, south of Hope Bay. Discovered and mapped by the SwedAE, 1901-04. Surveyed by FIDS, 1945-47, and named in error "Mount Carrel" after Tom Carroll (b. 1864), Newfoundland boatswain of

1075-475: The almost continuous sequence of mountain ranges forming the western "backbone" of North America, Central America, South America and the Antarctic Peninsula . Argentina calls the area Tierra de San Martín (Land of San Martin) and also calls the northern peninsula ( Trinity Peninsula ) Península Trinidad or Tierra de la Trinidad . Similarly, Chile calls the entire Antarctic Peninsula Tierra de O'Higgins (Land of O'Higgins). The interior of Graham Land

1118-482: The base hut at Hope Bay burned in November 1948. 63°36′S 57°10′W  /  63.600°S 57.167°W  / -63.600; -57.167 . A series of seven rock buttresses, 150 metres (490 ft) high high, which are separated by narrow icefalls and extend for 4 nautical miles (7.4 km; 4.6 mi) along the west side of Tabarin Peninsula. Probably first sighted by a party under J. Gunnar Andersson of

1161-403: The early Cretaceous Antarctic Peninsula batholith . Rocks exposed above Duse Bay are Mesozoic marine sediments dipping gently to the southeast, and consisting of 60% coarse-grained conglomerates , 30% mudstones and 10% sandstones. The crumbling cliffs of Brown Bluff tower over Trepassey Bay, causing rock falls and scree slopes, and some wind-eroded boulders fall to the beach below. There are

1204-632: The east side of Tabarin Peninsula. The descriptive name was applied by the FIDS following their survey in 1946. 63°34′S 56°47′W  /  63.567°S 56.783°W  / -63.567; -56.783 . A distinctive ice-covered hill rising more than 300 metres (980 ft) high on the shore of Fridtjof Sound. The name arises from the intensive geophysical work carried out in this part of Tabarin Peninsula by FIDS in 1959-60. 63°34′S 57°03′W  /  63.567°S 57.050°W  / -63.567; -57.050 . A flat-topped hill, 690 metres (2,260 ft) high, with steep rock cliffs on

1247-453: The head of Hope Bay. Discovered and named by a party under J. Gunnar Andersson of the SwedAE, 1901-04. 63°27′S 57°02′W  /  63.450°S 57.033°W  / -63.450; -57.033 . A col 345 metres (1,132 ft) high between Passes Peak and Summit Ridge, situated 2.5 nautical miles (4.6 km; 2.9 mi) south of the head of Hope Bay and 3.5 nautical miles (6.5 km; 4.0 mi) northeast of Duse Bay. This area

1290-423: The head of Hope Bay. Discovered by the SwedAE, 1901-04, under Otto Nordenskjöld. The descriptive name was applied by the FIDS, 1945. 63°26′S 57°02′W  /  63.433°S 57.033°W  / -63.433; -57.033 . The prominent northeastern peak of Mount Carroll, rising to 500 metres (1,600 ft) high, 1 nautical mile (1.9 km; 1.2 mi) southof the head of Hope Bay. First charted by

1333-549: The head of Hope Bay. First charted in 1945 by the FIDS, and so named because it lies between two passes used by Hope Bay sledging parties in traveling to Duse Bay and to the head of Depot Glacier. 63°28′S 57°05′W  /  63.467°S 57.083°W  / -63.467; -57.083 . A small hill, 350 metres (1,150 ft) high, with a rock ridge at its crest and a cliff at its north side, standing 4 nautical miles (7.4 km; 4.6 mi) south-southwest of Hope Bay and 2 nautical miles (3.7 km; 2.3 mi) east of

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1376-570: The naval code name for the FIDS from 1943 to 1945. Recently, more of the ground surface of the peninsula has become exposed by the melting of ice, and its geological structure is becoming clearer. Near Trepassey Bay there is a 60 m (200 ft) bed of steeply-dipping quartz-rich sandstones and mudstones which are probably part of the Hope Bay Formation dating to the Permian-Triassic. Dioritic rocks in this area are probably part of

1419-574: The north part of Tabarin Peninsula. It rises 45 metres (148 ft) high above the ice sheet at the head of Kenney Glacier. Surveyed in 1955 by FIDS, who applied the descriptive name; saddlestone is an architectural term for the stone at the apex of a pediment or gable. 63°26′S 57°01′W  /  63.433°S 57.017°W  / -63.433; -57.017 . A pyramidal nunatak , 565 metres (1,854 ft) high, standing 1 nautical mile (1.9 km; 1.2 mi) east of Mount Carroll and 1.5 nautical miles (2.8 km; 1.7 mi) southeast of

1462-484: The northeast shore of Duse Bay on Tabarin Peninsula. Probably seen by the SwedAE, 1901-04, under Otto Nordenskjöld. First charted in 1946 by the FIDS, who so named it because it marks the last climb on the sledge route between Hope Bay and Duse Bay. 63°29′S 57°03′W  /  63.483°S 57.050°W  / -63.483; -57.050 . A small nunatak, 375 metres (1,230 ft) high, rising just northwest of Mineral Hill. Mapped in 1946 and again in 1956 by

1505-581: The ship Eagle, which participated in establishing the FIDS Hope Bay base in February 1945. The spelling has been amended to correct the original error. 63°26′S 57°03′W  /  63.433°S 57.050°W  / -63.433; -57.050 . A rocky ridge, about 500 metres (1,600 ft) high, forming the northwest arm of horseshoe-shaped Mount Carroll. It rises on the east side of Depot Glacier, 1.5 nautical miles (2.8 km; 1.7 mi) south of

1548-467: The southeast extremity of Tabarin Peninsula. Charted by the FIDS in 1946 and named for Michael C. Green, FIDS geologist who lost his life when the base hut at Hope Bay burned in November 1948. 63°39′S 57°09′W  /  63.650°S 57.150°W  / -63.650; -57.150 . Low rock cliff forming the southwest extremity of Tabarin Peninsula. Charted by the FIDS in 1946 and named for Oliver Burd, FIDS meteorologist who lost his life when

1591-431: The southwestern coast of the Antarctic Sound and contains several bays, the main ones being Hope Bay and Trepassey Bay. Cube Rock lies in the southern entrance southeast of Cape Scrymgeour. The Antarctic Sound was first navigated by the vessel Antarctic belonging to the Swedish Antarctic Expedition of 1902, captained by Otto Nordenskjöld . Frequently clogged by pack ice, particularly tabular icebergs broken from

1634-470: The tip of the Antarctic Peninsula, from the Joinville Island group which consists of D'Urville Island , Joinville Island , Dundee Island and the smaller Bransfield Island . The northern limit of the sound, where it joins the Bransfield Strait , is the line connecting Cape Dubouzet (63°16'S, 57°03'W) on Trinity Peninsula with Turnbull Point (63°02'S, 56°36'W) on D'Urville Island. The southern limit

1677-611: The west side, standing 2 nautical miles (3.7 km; 2.3 mi) east of the most northern of the Seven Buttresses. Charted in 1946 by the FIDS and so named because of its proximity to the Seven Buttresses. 63°36′S 57°02′W  /  63.600°S 57.033°W  / -63.600; -57.033 . A nunatak , 350 metres (1,150 ft) high, which appears conical on its north side but has brown rock cliffs on its south face, lying 3 nautical miles (5.6 km; 3.5 mi) south-southeast of Buttress Hill. The descriptive name

1720-486: Was applied by the FIDS following their survey of the area in 1946. [REDACTED]  This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Geological Survey . Graham Land 66°00′S 63°30′W  /  66.000°S 63.500°W  / -66.000; -63.500 Graham Land is the portion of the Antarctic Peninsula that lies north of

1763-653: Was at one time the site of a British base, and there is now a permanently staffed Argentinian research station there called Esperanza Base . Hope Bay has been recognised as an Important Bird Area . Birds that breed here include the gentoo penguin , brown skua , Antarctic tern , Wilson's storm petrel , kelp gull and snowy sheathbill . It also houses one of the largest breeding colonies of Adélie penguin in Antarctica. At Trepassey Bay, gentoo and Adélie penguins also breed, as well as Cape petrels , snow petrels , skuas and kelp gulls . Weddell seals often haul out on

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1806-450: Was first explored by a party of the SwedAE, 1901-04. Ridge Peak was charted and named by the FIDS, 1946. 63°31′S 57°01′W  /  63.517°S 57.017°W  / -63.517; -57.017 . A narrow, curving rock ridge, 355 metres (1,165 ft) high, standing 2 nautical miles (3.7 km; 2.3 mi) southwest of Trepassey Bay and 0.5 nautical miles (0.93 km; 0.58 mi) east of Ridge Peak. Probably first seen by

1849-495: Was first explored by the SwedAE, 1901-04. Summit Pass was first charted and named by the FIDS, 1945. It is the highest point on the sledge route between Hope Bay and Duse Bay. 63°27′S 57°02′W  /  63.450°S 57.033°W  / -63.450; -57.033 . A ridge, 380 metres (1,250 ft) high, with a steep ice slope on the north side and a rock cliff on the south side. It extends eastward from Passes Peak for 0.5 nautical miles (0.93 km; 0.58 mi) and

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