Misplaced Pages

#90909

34-484: Asmara was born in Jakarta to a diplomat and his wife. She accompanied her father to foreign countries when he received an assignment. While overseas with her family, she attended several colleges. She first worked in advertising, but in the 1980s Asmara began writing songs, with her first released song being "Susie Bhelel", sung by Fariz RM for his 1989 album Fashionova . She entered filmmaking by producing commercials and

68-609: A book on his life and influences, with Budianto Shambazy and Salomo Simanungkalit as editors. It outlined 60 events in his life and how they influenced him. During his career, Fariz has been a member of numerous bands, including WOW, Jakarta Rhythm Section, Symphony, Transs, Rollies, and Giant Steps. His influences include The Beatles , Pink Floyd , The Police , Marvin Gaye , and Claude Debussy . The Jakarta Post considers his music "... a spectrum of styles and sounds not immediately apparent, except to discriminating ears..." Fariz

102-587: A comeback in the next gubernatorial election in Aceh due at the end of Irwandi's five-year term in 2011. In the event, the gubernatorial election due to be held at the end of 2011 was delayed by procedural squabbling as different factions scrambled for advantage. The elections took place in April 2012. The 2012 election, held on 9 April, was largely a continuation of post-agreement rivalries between former GAM leaders, with Zaini Abdullah having returned from exile and entered into

136-528: A former Darul Islam "foreign minister", Hasan di Tiro established the Free Aceh Movement (Gerakan Aceh Merdeka) in December 1976. The small movement carried out its first attack on Mobil engineers in 1977, killing one American engineer. Due to this incident, GAM came under the attention of central government who sent small units of counter-insurgency troops that successfully crushed the movement. Di Tiro

170-635: A large 2003–04 Indonesian offensive in Aceh against the GAM in 2003 with some success. The leaders of GAM, Hasan di Tiro , and his chief deputy, Zaini Abdullah , and Malik Mahmud lived in exile in Stockholm , Sweden for most of the 1980s and 1990s. The group's main Indonesian spokesman was Abdullah Syafei'i Dimatang. In the late 1990s, GAM began peace talks with Jakarta, brokered by the Swedish government. In 1999, it

204-571: Is best known for his songs "Barcelona" and "Sakura" ( Cherry Blossom ). Three of his solo songs were listed in Rolling Stone Indonesia 's 2009 list "The 150 Best Indonesian Songs of All Time", with another of his compositions also listed. In 1977, Fariz joined the Prambors FM Song Writing Contest for adolescents, finishing in the top ten. That same year, he played the drums on the album Badai Pasti Berlalu ; it

238-820: Is married to Oneng. Together they have three children and his niece is the Indonesian singer and actress Sherina Munaf . He enjoys reading and has stated that he prefers small concerts, feeling "ashamed" when one of his concerts caused road congestion. In 2009, Rolling Stone Indonesia listed 3 of Fariz's solo songs as the best Indonesian songs of all time, with "Sakura" placing 9th, "Barcelona" 23rd, and "Selangkah ke Seberang" 121st. Another of Fariz's compositions, "Hasrat dan Cinta" ( Desire and Love ), covered by Andi Meriem Matalatta, placed 103rd. and "Interlokal" which Fariz played with his band Symphony in 94th. Source: Free Aceh Movement The Free Aceh Movement ( Indonesian : Gerakan Aceh Merdeka , GAM ; Acehnese : Geurakan Acèh Meurdèka / Gěrakan Aceh Měrdeka )

272-507: The Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue , did not have adequate monitoring and enforcing mechanisms to enact sanctions for violations. In 2002–2004, the GAM was severely hit by a series of government offensives in which the organisation lost approximately 50% of its members including its commander, Abdullah Syafei'i Dimatang, who was killed in a military ambush in January 2002. On 28 December 2004, in

306-607: The Finnish Government Banquet Hall in Helsinki by chief Indonesian negotiator Hamid Awaluddin and GAM leader Malik Mahmud . President Ahtisaari was the witness of the peace treaty. Under the terms of the agreement, both sides agreed to cease all hostilities immediately. GAM also agreed to disarm, while the Government pledged to withdraw all non-local military and police by the end of 2005. An Aceh Monitoring Mission

340-595: The Free Aceh Movement , expressing sympathy and support for the group's separatist cause. After Fariz was released, he mentioned that he had received a large amount of support from reporters. Fariz also expressed concern for Acehnese refugees, to whom he was prepared to donate some proceeds of record sales. Fariz was arrested for marijuana possession in 2007; he was sentenced to eight months in prison and rehab . In 2009, Fariz wrote and published Living in Harmony ,

374-474: The 1970s oil shocks. The group renewed its activities in the 1989, apparently with financial support from Libya and Iran , fielding around 1,000 soldiers. This training from overseas meant that GAM soldiers were much more organised and better trained than the previous insurgency. To counter this new threat Aceh was declared an "area of special military operations " (Daerah Operasi Militer) or DOM in 1989. Special counter- insurgency troops were sent in and Aceh

SECTION 10

#1732891930091

408-542: The Best New Director award at the 2003 Cairo International Film Festival for Biola Tak Berdawai . Fariz RM Fariz Rustam Munaf or better known as Fariz RM (born in Jakarta , Indonesia on 5 January 1959) is an Indonesian singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist of mixed ethnic Minangkabau and Dutch-Betawi descent. He is the uncle of Indonesian singer-songwriter, Sherina Munaf . Fariz Rustam Munaf

442-526: The GAM, led to an increase in military presence. Troop numbers are believed to have risen during the rule of Megawati Sukarnoputri . In 2001–02 the combination of military and police forces in Aceh had grown to about 30,000. In one year this number jumped to 50,000 operating in what the International Crisis group called, "a virtual legal vacuum". The security crackdowns during this time resulted in several thousand civilian deaths. The government launched

476-678: The Indonesian government announced the end of GAM as the counter-insurgency operations had effectively destroyed GAM as a guerrilla force. Surviving GAM members were forced to hide in Malaysia . The fall of Suharto in 1998 and the decision of his successor President Jusuf Habibie to withdraw troops from Aceh as part of democratic reform gave space for GAM to re-establish itself, recruiting youths by exploiting brutality stories of Indonesian military . Increasing violence beginning in 1999 by GAM rebels against government officials and Javanese residents, buoyed by massive weapons smuggling from Thailand by

510-425: The aftermath of the devastation caused by a massive tsunami , GAM declared a ceasefire of hostilities to allow for aid to reach within the disputed area. In turn, the Indonesian government temporarily removed restrictions of northern Sumatra to allow for rescue efforts in that area. Other Aceh separatist groups exist and there was some tension between them and GAM over tactics and GAM's monopoly of negotiations with

544-418: The destruction of 840 weapons by international observers, Free Aceh movement commander Sofyan Daud told reporters, "The Aceh national army is now part of civil society, and will work to make the peace deal a success." As a sign of how the peace process was progressing the founder of Aceh's separatist rebel movement, Hasan di Tiro, returned to Indonesia on 11 October 2008 after nearly 30 years in exile. During

578-404: The election of 11 December 2006, the Free Aceh Movement temporarily split into two factions each supporting its own candidate for governorship. One side supported Zaini Abdullah 's brother, and the other side supported Irwandi Yusuf , a former GAM negotiator. Irwandi Yusuf got more support from the grass root level and won the election. The losing faction proceeded to bide its time, aiming to make

612-532: The government. On 27 February 2005, the Free Aceh Movement and the delegation of the Indonesian government started another round of peace talks in Vantaa , Finland , moderated by former Finnish president Martti Ahtisaari . On 16 July 2005, the Indonesian Minister of Communication and GAM announced a peace deal to end the thirty-year insurgency . The peace agreement was officially signed on 15 August 2005 in

646-539: The group the Aceh Security Disturbance Movement  [ id ] . The conflict in Aceh stems from several major factors including historical mistreatment, disagreements over Islamic law , discontent over the distribution of Aceh's natural resource wealth, and the increase in the numbers of Javanese people in Aceh. During the era of Dutch colonisation in the 1800s Aceh was a centre of resistance against Dutch colonial rule. They were one of

680-846: The last Indonesian peoples to succumb to colonial rule and only after a brutal 30-year campaign, the Aceh War of 1873–1903. When the Netherlands transferred sovereignty of their colonial territory, administration of Aceh was handed over to Indonesia and GAM claims that this was done without consultation with Acehnese authorities. Daud Beureueh mounted an armed rebellion that ended with Aceh being granted special status by President Sukarno . However, President Sukarno had not allowed Aceh to implement sharia law during his reign (1945–1967) due to his strong belief of separation of religion and state . Motivated by discovery of large gas reserves in Lhokseumawe ,

714-466: The most contentious issues in previous negotiations. A "truth and reconciliation commission" will be organised. On the question of the uneven distribution of income, it was settled that seventy percent of the income from local natural resources will stay within Aceh. On 27 December 2005, the leaders of the Free Aceh Movement announced that they had disbanded their military wing. The action, which took effect immediately, follows from earlier peace talks and

SECTION 20

#1732891930091

748-500: The music video for KLa Project 's "Tak Bisa Ke Lain Hati". Although she wanted to make a featured length film, she feared that the Suharto -era government would censor any film she made. As such, her initial scripts went unfilmed. She rose to prominence with the release of her directorial debut, Biola Tak Berdawai ( The Stringless Violin ), in 2003. She also wrote the script and assisted in

782-473: The petroleum industry and even bid, via a tender process, on a contract to build a gas pipeline which was beaten by the gas giant Bechtel . The reason for this failure was a lack of popular support from both within Aceh and from international sources. President Suharto was favoured by countries such as America due to his anti communist policies during the Cold War period and likely due to the need for oil thanks to

816-544: The production of the film. In contrast to the increasingly frank depiction of sexuality by female writers such as Ayu Utami after the fall of the New Order , Asmara's works take a more conservative view. Tineke Hellwig of the University of British Columbia , Biola Tak Berdawai is anti-feminist to the point of being misogynistic . Her female characters are often pregnant or have undergone an abortion; several also have cancer of

850-561: The reproductive organs. According to Hellwig, the traditional view of women being loving mothers is idealized in Asmara's works, but rarely shown. Asmara is a fan of musicals, and has noted that she has already written one that she hopes to make if there is enough money; she has already written the songs for it. She also likes the Hindu epic Mahabharata . She has stated that she writes about things that "other people are not producing". Asmara received

884-601: Was a separatist group seeking independence for the Aceh region of Sumatra , Indonesia . GAM fought against Indonesian government forces in the Aceh insurgency from 1976 to 2005. Estimates of the death toll total over 15,000 people killed. The organisation surrendered its separatist intentions and dissolved its armed wing following the 2005 peace agreement with the Indonesian government, and subsequently changed its name into Aceh Transition Committee ( Indonesian : Komite Peralihan Aceh , KPA ). The Indonesian government called

918-445: Was a result of finally gaining widespread support throughout Aceh as a result of donations and extortion and a large group of potential soldiers who had lost relatives in the previous uprising. At first the guerrilla war of GAM was quite unsuccessful. By 1977, the central government appeared to have entirely neutralised the group. The early GAM efforts were mainly directed at the local ExxonMobil gas plant. Di Tiro had connections with

952-556: Was among prominent individuals summoned by the Jakarta Police and questioned for their alleged links to Aceh Referendum Information Center (SIRA) and questioned in relation to the bombing of an Acehnese dormitory in Setiabudi in May of that year. Based on documents seized, Police suspected that he had aided the perpetrators based on a letter he had sent to Tengku Abdullah Syafiie , leader of

986-400: Was born on 5 January 1959 in Jakarta . His father, Roestam Munaf was an entrepreneur from Tanah Datar , West Sumatra and his mother, Anna Reijnenberg was a piano teacher of Dutch-Betawi descent. He began studying music at age five, beginning with classical piano and later studying the blues . Beginning his career in 1977, he has released 19 solo albums and three with other artists. He

1020-432: Was during this time that Chrisye gave him the nickname Fariz RM, which Fariz continued to use as a stage name because "Chrisye thought it sounded nice." In 1979, Fariz released his first album Selangkah ke Seberang . The following year, Fariz released Sakura – Japanese word for Cherry blossom , which made him famous. During the 1980s, Fariz was a "poster boy" often featured in magazines for teenagers. In 2001 Fariz

1054-534: Was locked down. Villages that were suspected of harbouring GAM operatives were burnt down and family members of suspected militants were kidnapped and tortured. Amnesty International called the military response "shock therapy" and it is believed 7,000 human rights abuses took place during DOM. GAM forces have also been suspected of Human Rights abuses. Extra judicial executions of suspected military informants and targeting of civilian infrastructure such as schools have both been attributed to GAM operations. In 1996,

Sekar Ayu Asmara - Misplaced Pages Continue

1088-435: Was nearly killed and was forced to flee to Malaysia while all members of his cabinet were either killed or forced to flee abroad by 1979. Since its inception GAM has gone through three stages or three rises and falls. The first was at its birth in 1976 to the year 1979 when it was almost wiped out. The second rise and fall was in 1989 to the early 90s when it received funding and training from foreign countries. The third rise

1122-524: Was reported that the group had split into two factions, GAM (representing the original group) and the Free Aceh Movement Government Council (MP-GAM) . This was denied by GAM spokespersons but was widely reported in the Indonesian media. In December 2002, GAM and GoI signed a breakthrough Cessation of Hostilities Agreement (COHA) which only held for a few months before violations started occurring. The mediator in these negotiations,

1156-487: Was set up by the EU and ASEAN to oversee the process of disarmament and the reintegration into society of GAM members. A presidential decree granted amnesty to about five hundred former GAM members who were in exile in other countries, and unconditionally released about 1,400 members who had been jailed by the Government. The Government agreed to facilitate the establishment of Aceh-based political parties; this had been one of

#90909