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61-458: A USMC Scout Sniper was a marine infantryman highly skilled in fieldcraft and marksmanship , who can deliver long-range precision fire on high-value targets from concealed positions in support of combat operations. The first Scout Snipers were trained near San Diego , California in 1943 and saw combat in the Pacific Theater of Operations during World War II . A USMC Scout Sniper Team

122-748: A 300-man Naval Commando Force. The BIMs were located at La Unión and Usulután . The Salvadoran Marine Corps uses green pixelated and green woodland uniforms. The Finnish Nyland Brigade ( Nylands Brigad ) in Ekenäs is the home of the Finnish Coastal Jaegers — the Kustjägarna (in Swedish) / Rannikkojääkärit (in Finnish). The Brigade is part of the Finnish Navy , and the only Swedish-speaking unit within

183-456: A defensive side arm ; the other is the spotter, typically armed with an M4 carbine and uses a high-power spotting scope to spot targets and provide ballistic information for the shooter. The shooter/spotter relationship was not always set; some platoons established designated shooters, while others have team members taking turns doing the shooting/spotting. Within a platoon, there were four anti-materiel rifles chambered in .50 BMG designated

244-589: A new naval infantry company, ~160-strong ( Satnija mornaričko-desantnog pješaštva ) was formed again in 2018 as a part of the Navy Flotilla and is located in Ploče . The Cuban Revolutionary Navy ( Marina de Guerra Revolucionaria or MGR) maintains a small marine battalion called the Desembarco de Granma . The Guard Hussar Regiment ( Gardehusarregimentet or GHR) maintains a marine squadron (only by name) which

305-668: A novel weapon which changed sea warfare to their advantage — they equipped their ships with the corvus , a long pivoting plank with a beak-like spike on the underside for hooking onto enemy ships, possibly developed earlier by the Syracusans against the Athenians during the Sicilian Expedition of the Peloponnesian War . Using it as a boarding bridge, Roman infantrymen were able to invade an enemy ship, transforming sea combat into

366-568: A number of independent companies and platoons, for security protection at naval bases, other shore installations and the Ministry of Defense. The Viña del Mar and Talcahuano detachments contribute to the Amphibious Expeditionary Brigade (Brigada Anfibia Expedicionaria). There is as a group of Marine Infantry commandos (Grupo de Comandos IM), which together with the group of naval tactical divers (Agrupación de Buzos Tácticos) are part of

427-456: A reconnaissance and surveillance capacity, while "Sniper" refers to a specially selected and trained soldier that primarily functions as a sniper. Most military forces believe that the separation of reconnaissance and sniper capabilities allows for a higher degree of specialization. The Marine Scout Sniper Course qualified students as Marine Corps Scout Snipers. The graduation rate in 2017 was 44 percent. There were three different school houses in

488-529: A single infantry battalion was raised. This was expanded in 1880, but seven years later, the corps was merged with the existing coast artillery, to form a Naval Artillery Regiment. A series of reorganizations followed until responsibility for coastal defense was passed to the Argentine Army in 1898. Between 1935 and 1938 the marines reappeared in the form of five battalions of Marine Infantry, serving both on board ship and in coastal defense fortifications. In 1968,

549-552: A variety of other, naval roles. Stationed at naval bases or forming marine detachments on board naval ships, they also conduct small scale raiding, maritime boarding operations , security of naval vessels and bases, riverine and coastal missions, mess duty, and field day operations. In addition to their primary roles, they perform other tasks, including special operations and land warfare , separate from naval operations; ceremonial duties and other miscellaneous tasks as directed by their governments. The Marine Fusilier Regiments are

610-497: A version of land combat, where the Roman legionaries had the upper hand. During the early Principate , a ship's crew, regardless of its size, was organized as a centuria . Crewmen could sign on as naval infantry (called Marinus ), rowers/seamen, craftsmen and various other jobs, though all personnel serving in the imperial fleet were classed as milites ("soldiers"), regardless of their function; only when differentiation with

671-588: A war hero, was described at the time as "very good in field craft and excellent with guns”. Field skills include camouflage , land and water navigation , understanding the difference between concealment from view and cover from small arms fire, using the terrain and its features to mask ground movement, obstacle crossing, selecting good firing positions, lying-up positions, camping positions, effective observation , camouflage penetration, countersurveillance , detecting enemy-fire directionality and range, survival , evasion , and escape techniques. Good fieldcraft

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732-781: Is a land formation of the German Navy . It was formed in Eckernförde on 1 April 2014, succeeding the Naval Protection Force. The Greek 32nd Marine Brigade "Moravas" and the Amphibious Raider Squadrons (known as MAK) of the 13th Special Operations Command are amphibious infantry and maritime operations units maintained by the Hellenic Army and supported by the Hellenic Navy . The brigade traces its origin to 1919 as

793-456: Is a small force with 1,500 sailors and 800 marines designed to protect the shoreline and inland waterways from insurgent infiltration. The navy will have coastal patrol squadrons, assault boat squadrons and a marine battalion. The force will consist of 2,000 to 2,500 sailors by 2010. Upon its revival in the 1980s the Givati Brigade was intended to serve as the amphibious infantry brigade of

854-422: Is especially important for the effectiveness and survival of infantry soldiers, snipers , special forces , reconnaissance and sabotage teams. Efficient fieldcraft is only possible by spending time, effort, and attention to memorizing battlefield details, infiltration and escape routes, construction and employment of hiding positions, enemy force doctrines and equipment. This military -related article

915-488: Is military operations in the littoral zone ; operating from ships they are trained to land on and secure key points to around 85 km (or 50 miles) inland, or as far as ship borne logistics can provide. Marine units primarily deploy from warships using boats , landing craft , hovercraft , amphibious vehicles or helicopters . Specialist units are also trained in combat diving/combat swimming and parachuting. As well as amphibious operations, marine troops are used in

976-563: Is right. In February 2012, U.S. media reported that Marine scout snipers had been using the double Sig rune (ϟϟ, "SS") in its " Armanen " form ( [REDACTED] ) to symbolize their function since at least the 1980s. The same stylized double rune was the symbol of the SS , the Nazi organization that was instrumental in conducting the Holocaust . Strong media criticism of this practice ensued. The Commandant of

1037-529: Is subordinate to the Brazilian Navy . The marine corps is composed of an operational brigade and some guard and ceremonial duty battalions. The main unit is the brigade-sized Divisão Anfíbia (Amphibious Division). Officers´ ranks and titles are the same as for the rest of the Navy, although officers wear a star above the stripes, instead of the loop worn by surface officers. During the 1970-75 Cambodian Civil War

1098-622: Is the Marine Squadron or 4th Training Squadron based in Almegårds Kaserne on the Baltic island Bornholm . The squadron is a part of the 3rd Reconnaissance Battalion and trains conscripts . The Ecuadorian Navy maintains a Naval Infantry Corps ( Cuerpo de Infantería de Marina ) headquartered in Guayaquil . Formed on 12 November 1962, it is organised into two security battalions, one in

1159-533: Is the navy of The Bahamas. Since the Bahamas does not have an army or an air force, its navy composes the entirety of its armed forces. The RBDF Commando Squadron is a sizable force of 500 Special Marine Commandos. The Special warfare Driving and Salvage ( SWADS ) is special operations force of the Bangladesh Navy . SWADS is trained for the role of naval infantry and it consists of elite soldiers specially chosen form

1220-940: Is the special operation forces of Indian Navy . In Indonesia , the main amphibious warfare force and naval infantry of the Indonesian National Armed Forces is the Indonesian Marine Corps of the Indonesian Navy . The Marine commandant reports to the Chief of Staff of the Indonesian Navy . Since the Iranian Revolution in 1979, the number of marines in the Islamic Republic of Iran Navy (IRIN) has expanded to 2,600 personnel, in two marine brigades, each composed of three battalions. Their mission

1281-754: Is to provide security throughout the Arabian Sea and free waters, as well as securing routes for Iranian ships in the Gulf of Aden . The Navy of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGCN) maintains several units that may perform marine-type functions. It also has a Takavar naval commando battalion, called Sepah Navy Special Force (SNSF). They are tasked with providing security in the Persian Gulf and Strait of Hormuz , as well as conducting anti-piracy missions to assist Iranian ships. The Iraqi Navy

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1342-469: Is under the direction of the Chief of Naval Operations for all practical purposes it operates as an independent branch of the military. Lebanon maintains an elite but very small in number " Navy Commando " regiment. Trained internationally and armed with mostly American and French made equipment and weaponry. Field craft Fieldcraft comprises the techniques and methods involved in living, traveling, or making military or scientific observations in

1403-418: Is unique in its consolidation of reconnaissance and sniper duties for a single Marine. Most other conventional armed forces, including the U.S. Army, separate the reconnaissance soldier or scout from the sniper . In the U.S. Army, the 19D MOS, " Cavalry Scout " is the primary special reconnaissance and surveillance soldier and the term "Infantry Scout" refers to a specially trained infantrymen that functions in

1464-464: The 32nd Infantry Regiment but was only in 1967 when it was reorganised and designated as a naval infantry unit under the banner of the 32nd Marines Regiment . The Honduran Navy established at least one 600-man marine infantry battalion ( Batallón de Infantería de Marina or BIM) in 1982. The Indian Army has amphibious units under the Jodhpur-based corps. The Marine Commando Force (MARCOS)

1525-749: The Cambodian Marine Corps were active but were effectively disbanded by the end of the Cambodian–Vietnamese War . The Royal Cambodian Navy created a force of 2,000 marines in 2007 known as the 31st Naval Infantry Brigade Canada had a history of participating in amphibious operations such as the Normandy landings and the Allied invasion of Sicily . Even though Canada does not have a marine corps, it has units that can carry out Marines-type operations, such as an amphibious-operations trained company of

1586-564: The Finnish Defence Forces . The Fusiliers Marins (Naval Fusiliers) and Commandos Marine (Naval Commandos) are naval personnel. The fusiliers marins protect vessels and installations, provide the navy with military training, augment boarding-landing parties and support operations of the Commandos Marine. The Commandos Marine (Naval Commandos) are a seven company Commando formation whose roots can be traced to

1647-535: The Israel Defense Forces , but this was not put into effect. Currently the 35th Paratroopers Brigade is the only brigade that has amphibious abilities as part of its Depth Warfare arsenal together with parachuting and air assault. The San Marco Marine Brigade is the marine infantry unit of the Italian Navy ( Marina Militare ). It traces its roots back to 1550 with the formation of Fanti da Mar in

1708-571: The Republic of Venice . The Serenissima Regiment is the amphibious infantry unit of the Italian Army ( Esercito Italiano ). Its soldiers are called Lagunari and they are the Italian Army Marines. Japan Ground Self-Defense Force Amphibious Rapid Deployment Brigade – Japanese marines tasked with offensive amphibious assault to retake islands. The unit was first formed in 2018 and

1769-578: The Surveillance and Target Acquisition (STA) units initially, and subsequently to the infantry battalion's Scout Sniper Platoon (SSP), usually within the Headquarters and Service (H&S) Company or Weapons Company. Marine Scout Snipers were trained at one of the four school house locations. The term "Scout Sniper" is only used officially by the Marine Corps, but it does not imply a differing mission from

1830-450: The U.S. Army Sniper. An Army Sniper's primary mission is to support combat operations by delivering precise long-range fire on selected targets. By this, the sniper creates casualties among enemy troops, slows enemy movement, frightens enemy soldiers, lowers morale, and adds confusion to their operations. The sniper's secondary mission is collecting and reporting battlefield information, Section 1.1 FM 23-10 Sniper Training. The Marine Corps

1891-730: The United States Marine Corps . The exact term "marine" is not found in many languages other than English. In French-speaking countries, two terms which could be translated as "marine", but do not translate exactly: troupes de marine (marine troops) and fusiliers-marins (marine riflemen) and fuzileiros navais in Portuguese ( lit.   ' Naval fusiliers ' ). The word marine means "navy" in many European languages such as Dutch, French, German, Italian and Norwegian. “Naval infantry” may also refer to sailors forming both temporary and permanent infantry units, such as

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1952-497: The boarding of vessels during combat or capture of prize ships. Marines also help maintain discipline and order aboard the ship (reflecting the pressed nature of the ship's company and the risk of mutiny ). In most countries, marines are an integral part of that state's navy ; in some countries their marine forces can also instead be part of the land army , such as the French Troupes de Marine , or an autonomous branch such as

2013-612: The 3rd Battalion of the Royal 22nd Regiment , JTF2 that specializes in combat diving and amphibious reconnaissance , the Naval Tactical Operations Group that specializes in maritime interdiction , and the Naval Security Team that can provide force protection for amphibious forces. Several authors have written a number of articles in various Canadian professional military journals since 2019 proposing/discussing

2074-769: The Amazon River area and the other on the Pacific coast. There is also a commando battalion based on the Galápagos Islands . The 111th Independent Mechanized Brigade (formerly the 130th Marine Amphibious Brigade) of the Egyptian Army can conduct amphibious assault operations. There is also the 153rd Commando Group with three Marine Commandos Battalions (515th, 616th, 818th) controlling 12 Marine Commandos Companies. The El Salvador Navy included two 600-man Marine Infantry Battalions ( Batallon de Infanteria de Marina or BIM), and

2135-626: The British WWI-era 63rd (Royal Naval) Division (an infantry division made-up of Royal Navy sailors on a semi-permanent basis) or the Imperial Japanese Naval Landing Forces (ad-hoc formations of Imperial Japanese Navy sailors temporarily pressed into service as infantry). In the early days of naval warfare , there was little distinction between sailors and soldiers on a warship . The oarsmen of Ancient Greek and Ancient Roman ships had to be capable of fighting

2196-676: The Escuadras de Galeras del Mediterráneo ( Mediterranean Galley Squadrons) in 1537, progenitors of the current Spanish Navy Marines (Infantería de Marina) corps, making them the oldest marine corps still in active service in the world. The English noun marine is from the adjective marine , meaning "of the sea", via French marin ("of the sea") from Latin marinus ("of the sea") itself from mare ("sea"), from Proto-Indo-European *móri ("body of water, lake") (cognate with Old English mere ("sea, lake"), Dutch meer , German Meer , all from Proto-Germanic *mari ). The word marine

2257-535: The French Overseas Territories. They now provide the ground combat elements of French amphibious task forces and are specifically trained for that purpose. The 9th Marine Brigade (9 Brigade Légère Blindée de Marine (9 BLBMa)) is twinned with the 3 Commando Brigade of the Royal Marines , organising the exchange of officers and sharing training and exercises. The Sea Battalion ( Seebataillon )

2318-462: The Infantería de Marina was reorganized as a separate corps within the Navy. The marine and naval infantry designations are not applied to Australian Defence Force units, although some Australian Army units specialise in amphibious warfare, including 2nd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment which has provided an amphibious light infantry role from 2012. The Royal Bahamas Defence Force (RBDF)

2379-473: The Marine Corps gave orders to stop it, issued an apology, and ordered an investigation into the prevalence of this practice. A Marine official was quoted as saying that their leadership believed that the Marines did not understand the logo's significance. The Military Religious Freedom Foundation , which had helped circulate an image of snipers posing with a blue "SS" flag, questioned this assumption, writing that

2440-659: The Marine Corps that offer the Scout Sniper Course. In 2009, a major change in curriculum occurred with the Scout Sniper Basic Course and it was shortened from the traditional 10-week course to an 8 1 ⁄ 2 week course. This was done concurrently with the removal of the Advanced Course and the addition of the Team Leader Course of four weeks. This reduction of 1 1 ⁄ 2 weeks is because of

2501-717: The Navy's Special Operations Command (Comando de Operaciones Especiales). The People's Liberation Army Navy Marine Corps (PLANMC) is a service branch of the PRC navy and is therefore under the command of the PLAN Headquarters. The PLANMC are divided into six brigades. The majority of the PLANMC's personnel is based in the South China Sea . The Colombian Marine Corps is a part of the Colombian Navy . The modern marine corps dates from

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2562-794: The Second World War. The Commandos Marine have evolved to be broadly comparable to the British Special Boat Service, with whom they exchange officers. Troupes de Marine ("Marine Troops"), are a branch of the French Army , renamed from the Troupes Coloniales who served in France's overseas territories to maintain or expand French interests. The modern Troupes de Marine have units permanently based in Africa, in addition they man bases in

2623-611: The Special Application Scoped Rifle (SASR), such as the M82 or M107. These can be issued to a team as needed to give supported commanders the option of taking out heavy equipment or lightly armored vehicles. Scout Sniper teams trained to engage man-sized targets with the M40 out to 1000 yards, and can be effective at a range of up to 1.25 mi (2.01 km) with the M82, if the environment

2684-450: The advanced course, Scout Sniper Basic Course was re-designated as the "Scout Sniper Course". There were nine straight weeks of shooting qualifications, before the majority of field training. These were the basic requirements that must be met in order to attend school. Units vary with indocs and pre-reqs. Minimum Requirements: As per HQMC School Quota Message: Marines who did not meet the following prerequisites would be denied entrance to

2745-515: The army was required, were the adjectives classiarius or classicus added. The Roman Navy 's two fleet legions , I Adiutrix and II Adiutrix , were among the first distinct naval infantry units. The first organized marine corps was created in Venice by the Doge Enrico Dandolo when he created the first regiment of ten companies spread on several ships. That corps participated in

2806-426: The conquest of Byzantium (1203–1204), later officially called "Fanti da Mar" (sea infantry) in 1550., Venice also had dedicated naval expeditionary corps of naval infantry recruited primarily from Dalmatia from the local population called the Oltremarini (overseas troops) Later, Spanish King Carlos I assigned the naval infantry of the Compañías Viejas del Mar de Nápoles ( Naples Sea Old Companies) to

2867-416: The creation of a Canadian Arctic amphibious capability, including the adaption of one to three Canadian Army infantry battalions to provide the required landing forces. The Chilean Marine Corps is a branch of the Chilean Navy . Specialized in amphibious assaults, the corps is built around four detachments based along Chile's long coasts at Viña del Mar, Talcahuano, Punta Arenas, and Iquique. There are also

2928-654: The establishment of two rifle companies in 1936. While remaining a small force, the corps saw service during the civil war between Conservatives and Liberals of 1946–58 and provided volunteers for service in the Korean War . By the 1960s it had been expanded to a battalion of marine infantry plus five independent companies. Croatian Navy formed naval infantry companies during the Croatian War of Independence (1991–5), esp. on islands ( Hvar : Zvir Company, Korčula : Mixed Detachment etc.) and one in Pula (Vanga Company, saw action in relieving Siege of Dubrovnik and in Operation Maslenica ). As they were all dissolved during 2000s,

2989-464: The field. The term "fieldcraft" is used in a broad range of industries including military, oil and gas, wildlife and food and agriculture. In the anti-terrorism field, field craft is "the art of evading monitoring by police and the security services." Terror groups such as the one tracked by Operation Guava were caught "despite their own well developed field craft." The term has been used since at least World War II. For example, Diana Rowden ,

3050-497: The flag was sold by a website dedicated to German World War II and Nazi memorabilia. Despite the official prohibition, the New York Times reported in 2020 that the "SS" logo continues to be used by Marines, "much like a secret handshake". With the implementation of Force Design 2030, Marine scout snipers have been replaced with MOS 0322 Reconnaissance Sniper Marines, as part of a 26-Marine Scout Platoon. The last 0317 class graduated December 15th, 2023. A Marine Corps Scout Sniper

3111-506: The marine infantry regiments of the Algerian Navy and they are specialised in amphibious warfare . The RFM have about 7000 soldiers in their ranks. Established in 1985. The Argentine Marine Corps ( Infantería de Marina de la Armada de la República Argentina or IMARA) is a part of the Argentine Navy . Argentine marines have the same rank insignia and titles as the rest of the navy, although enlisted personnel have their own parade uniform. The Argentine Marine Corps dates from 1827 when

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3172-534: The national armed forces branches. They receive special training in the United States. Even though Bolivia is landlocked, Bolivian politics have always aspired to regain its coastline from Chile , after losing access to the Pacific coast in the 1879-1880 war with Chile . Because of that, Bolivia still maintains a naval force. The Bolivian Naval Force includes about 2,000 naval infantry personnel and marines. These are organized into seven small battalions. The Corps of Naval Fusiliers ( Corpo de Fuzileiros Navais )

3233-452: The program and returned to their units. After graduating the basic course, Marines were given the opportunity to obtain a variety of other courses to further refine their skills. Marine infantry Marines (or naval infantry ) are military personnel who primarily operate in littoral zones , both on land and at sea. Historically, the main tasks undertaken by marines have included raiding ashore in support of naval objectives , and

3294-486: The regular light infantry brigades with a total strength of approximately 5,000 men organized into ten battalions. Each battalion has about 400 men organized into five companies each. Some amphibious brigade personnel are trained as frogmen . The Republic of Korea Marine Corps is the marine corps of South Korea . It was founded as a reconnaissance force just prior to the start of the Korean War . The ROKMC has seen action in several major conflicts. Though theoretically it

3355-411: The removal of the course's mission planning phase and the addition of this curriculum to the Team Leader Course. Missions are still conducted during the course's last week, but are now not a major part of curriculum. In 2010, a new curriculum was introduced, with shooting as the course's primary focus and stalking a secondary focus. The new course was now 12 1 ⁄ 2 weeks long. With elimination of

3416-527: The rowers of opposing ships hand-to-hand; though hoplites began appearing on Greek ships specifically for the boarding of enemy ships. The Roman Republic was the first to understand the importance of professional soldiers dedicated to melee combat onboard of ships. During the First Punic War , Roman crews remained inferior in naval experience to the Carthaginians and could not hope to match them in naval tactics, which required great fleet maneuverability and tactical experience. The Romans therefore employed

3477-535: Was a Marine highly skilled in fieldcraft and marksmanship who delivers long range precision fire, on select targets, from concealed positions in support of combat operations. Scout Snipers provided close reconnaissance and surveillance to the infantry battalion. By doctrine, a Scout Sniper was a Marine highly skilled in field craft and marksmanship who delivers long range precision fire on selected targets from concealed positions in support of combat operations. Scout Snipers in Marine infantry battalions fell under

3538-463: Was a detachment of one or more sniper teams performing an assigned task of engaging selected targets, targets of opportunity, collecting and reporting information, or a combination of all, contributing to the accomplishment of the supported unit's mission. Surveillance and Target Acquisition (STA) Platoons , very similar units, existed until shortly after the Gulf War . They consisted of Scout Snipers and Intelligence Marines. A Scout Sniper platoon

3599-431: Was composed of 8–10 Scout Sniper teams, some of which are specially suited for night operations and fully capable of operating in almost complete darkness through use of night vision scopes and infrared laser equipment. Typically, each Scout Sniper team has two members: one is the actual shooter, equipped with a long-range, specially-made sniper rifle , such as the M40 , and also frequently issued an M9 9mm pistol as

3660-842: Was originally used for the marine-type forces of England ; however, the word marine or marina means "navy" in many European languages, including Dutch, French, Italian, German, Spanish, Danish, and Norwegian. Because of this, exact one-word translations for the English term "marines" do not exist in many other languages (with the notable exception of the Dutch word marinier ). This can lead to misunderstandings when translating. Marine forces in non-English speaking countries typically have names that translate in English to naval infantry or coastal infantry . In French-speaking countries , two phrases exist which could be translated as marine, " troupes de marine " and " fusiliers-marins "; similar phrases exist elsewhere, e.g., in Portuguese Fuzileiros Navais . The principal role of marine troops

3721-402: Was the first unit of its kind created since the demilitarisation of Japan after World War II . The Korean People's Army 's Light Infantry Training Guidance Bureau has two or more amphibious light infantry/sniper brigades. These brigades are believed deployed to Wonsan on the east coast and Namp'o and Tasa-ri on the west coast. In organization and manpower, they are reduced versions of

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