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82-573: Scheibenschlagen was first recorded as early as 1090 C.E. On March 21, 1090, a building neighboring the Lorsch Abbey was accidentally set on fire by a disk which had been flung during the event. Nowadays, Scheibenschlagen is most popular in the Swabian-Alemannic areas, South Tyrol and Vorarlberg . In the County of Tyrol , where the tradition was once widespread, it is now only actively carried out in

164-455: A Drawknife depending on the village and it can vary from town to town. Besides the name Schiibli ("little disks") the wooden disks are also called Reedli ("little wheels") – the tradition is then called Reedlischwinge . Lorsch Abbey Lorsch Abbey , otherwise the Imperial Abbey of Lorsch ( German : Reichsabtei Lorsch ; Latin : Laureshamense Monasterium or Laurissa ),

246-437: A digital environment. The digitization project was envisioned in 2005 and launched in 2010 but at this point, many libraries and institutions had not yet photographed their manuscripts. Throughout the project, “…an immense change in the attitude towards the publication of digital facsimiles of medieval manuscripts could be noted. More and more cooperating libraries had set up their digitization studios or found commercial partners,

328-581: A drink in a large receptacle, shared by everyone until empty. In East Africa and Yemen, coffee was used in native religious ceremonies. As these ceremonies conflicted with the beliefs of the Christian church, the Ethiopian Church banned the secular consumption of coffee until the reign of Emperor Menelik II . The drink was also banned in Ottoman Turkey during the 17th century for political reasons and

410-492: A liquid for a period of time at a specified temperature, then immediately cooling. The process reduces the growth of microorganisms within the liquid, thereby increasing the time before spoilage. It is primarily used on milk , which prior to pasteurization is commonly infected with pathogenic bacteria and therefore is more likely than any other part of the common diet in the developed world to cause illness. The process of extracting juice from fruits and vegetables can take

492-491: A natural preservative , though other flavourings such as herbs or fruit may occasionally be included. The preparation of beer is called brewing . Beer is the world's most widely consumed alcoholic drink , and is the third-most consumed drink overall, after water and tea . It is said to have been discovered by goddess Ninkasi around 5300 BCE, when she accidentally discovered yeast after leaving grain in jars that were later rained upon and left for several days. Women have been

574-408: A number of forms. Simple crushing of most fruits will provide a significant amount of liquid, though a more intense pressure can be applied to get the maximum amount of juice from the fruit. Both crushing and pressing are processes used in the production of wine . Infusion is the process of extracting flavors from plant material by allowing the material to remain suspended within water. This process

656-450: A person. Unlike other calming beverages, such as tea , warm milk or milk with honey ; relaxation drinks almost universally contain more than one active ingredient. Relaxation drinks have been known to contain other natural ingredients and are usually free of caffeine and alcohol but some have claimed to contain marijuana . A drink is considered "alcoholic" if it contains ethanol , commonly known as alcohol (although in chemistry

738-538: A prayer to the Mesopotamian goddess of beer, served as both a prayer and as a method of remembering the recipe for beer in a culture with few literate people. Today, the brewing industry is a global business, consisting of several dominant multinational companies and many thousands of smaller producers ranging from brewpubs to regional breweries . Cider is a fermented alcoholic drink made from fruit juice , most commonly and traditionally apple juice , but also

820-565: A small island in the Weschnitz . In 772, Gundeland applied to the highest authority, Charlemagne , who found in his favour. Gundeland gave the abbey with all his properties to the king, turning it into a Royal abbey. The abbey and basilica were then renamed in honour of Saint Nazarius: the main church of Saints Peter, Paul, and Nazarius was consecrated by the Archbishop of Mainz in September 774, in

902-606: A subject of many studies; however, results have varied in terms of coffee's relative benefit. Coffee cultivation first took place in southern Arabia ; the earliest credible evidence of coffee-drinking appears in the middle of the 15th century in the Sufi shrines of Yemen . Coffee may have been used socially in the renaissance period of the 17th century . The increasing trades between Europe and North Africa regions made coffee more widely available to Europeans gathering at social locations that served coffee, possibly contributing to

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984-581: Is Bernau im Schwarzwald , where there are up to eight bonfires in which the discs are lit throughout fasting week (except Ash Wednesday ). In the Elztal valley and in adjacent valleys in the Black Forest the Scheibenschlagen traditionally takes place on Laetare Sunday . Scheibenschlagen is usually organized by various local clubs, scouts , Funkenzünften (for example traditional Alemannic carnival groups) or

1066-630: Is a former Imperial abbey in Lorsch , Germany , about 10 km (6.2 mi) east of Worms . It was one of the most important monasteries of the Carolingian Empire . Even in its ruined state, its remains are among the most important pre- Romanesque – Carolingian style buildings in Germany. Its chronicle, entered in the Lorscher Codex compiled in the 1170s (now in the state archive at Würzburg ),

1148-463: Is a fundamental document for early medieval German history. Another famous document from the monastic library is the Codex Aureus of Lorsch . In 1991 the ruined abbey was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site because of its architectural and historical importance. The significant remains visible today are the 9th-century Torhalle (gatehouse), part of the abbey church, some of the wall around

1230-498: Is a highly nutritious and refreshing juice. Many kinds of berries are crushed; their juices are mixed with water and sometimes sweetened. Raspberry, blackberry and currants are popular juices drinks but the percentage of water also determines their nutritive value. Grape juice allowed to ferment produces wine . Fruits are highly perishable so the ability to extract juices and store them was of significant value. Some fruits are highly acidic and mixing them with water and sugars or honey

1312-661: Is also served differently from country to country: in China , Japan and South Korea tiny cups are used to serve tea; in Thailand and the United States tea is often served cold (as " iced tea ") or with a lot of sweetener; Indians boil tea with milk and a blend of spices as masala chai ; tea is brewed with a samovar in Iran, Kashmir , Russia and Turkey; and in the Australian Outback it

1394-433: Is an alcoholic drink made from fermented grapes or other fruits. The natural chemical balance of grapes lets them ferment without the addition of sugars , acids , enzymes , water, or other nutrients . Yeast consumes the sugars in the grapes and converts them into alcohol and carbon dioxide . Different varieties of grapes and strains of yeasts produce different styles of wine. The well-known variations result from

1476-608: Is believed to have been created by the Mayans around 2,500-3,000 years ago, and a cocoa drink was an essential part of Aztec culture by 1400 AD, by which they referred to as xocōlātl. The drink became popular in Europe after being introduced from Mexico in the New World and has undergone multiple changes since then. Until the 19th century, hot chocolate was even used medicinally to treat ailments such as liver and stomach diseases. Hot chocolate

1558-662: Is consumed throughout the world and comes in multiple variations, including the spiced chocolate para mesa of Latin America, the very thick cioccolata calda served in Italy and chocolate a la taza served in Spain, and the thinner hot cocoa consumed in the United States. Prepared hot chocolate can be purchased from a range of establishments, including cafeterias , fast food restaurants , coffeehouses and teahouses . Powdered hot chocolate mixes, which can be added to boiling water or hot milk to make

1640-495: Is derived from a plant source. The most common varieties internationally are soy milk , almond milk , rice milk , coconut milk and oat milk . A nightcap is a drink taken shortly before bedtime to induce sleep. For example, a small alcoholic drink or a cup of warm milk can supposedly promote a good night's sleep. Today, most nightcaps and relaxation drinks are generally non-alcoholic beverages containing calming ingredients. They are considered beverages which serve to relax

1722-589: Is in the district of Ersingen in Kämpfelbach , Northern Baden. Other than that, Scheibenschlagen is also popular amongst the Satu Mare Swabians in Romania . This traditional event is held either on the weekend of Septuagesima or during Easter . Depending on the region, these days have different names: Funkensonntag, Holepfannsunntag, Kassunnti (Käsesonntag), Küachlisunntig, Küechlesonntag Alti Fasnet. An exception

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1804-482: Is known as mashing . Hops are added for flavouring, then the yeast is added to the mixture (now called wort ) to start the fermentation process. Distillation is a method of separating mixtures based on differences in volatility of components in a boiling liquid mixture. It is one of the methods used in the purification of water. It is also a method of producing spirits from milder alcoholic drinks. An alcoholic mixed drink that contains two or more ingredients

1886-544: Is one that contains little or no alcohol . This category includes low-alcohol beer , non-alcoholic wine , and apple cider if they contain a sufficiently low concentration of alcohol by volume (ABV). The exact definition of what is "non-alcoholic" and what is not depends on local laws: in the United Kingdom , "alcohol-free beer" is under 0.05% ABV, "de-alcoholised beer" is under 0.5%, while "low-alcohol beer" can contain no more than 1.2% ABV. The term "soft drink" specifies

1968-454: Is referred to as a cocktail. Cocktails were originally a mixture of spirits, sugar, water, and bitters . The term is now often used for almost any mixed drink that contains alcohol, including mixers, mixed shots, etc. A cocktail today usually contains one or more kinds of spirit and one or more mixers , such as soda or fruit juice . Additional ingredients may be sugar , honey , milk , cream , and various herbs . A non-alcoholic drink

2050-505: Is the world's most consumed drink, however, 97% of water on Earth is non-drinkable salt water. Fresh water is found in rivers, lakes, wetlands, groundwater, and frozen glaciers. Less than 1% of the Earth's fresh water supplies are accessible through surface water and underground sources which are cost effective to retrieve. In western cultures, water is often drunk cold. In the Chinese culture, it

2132-417: Is traditionally brewed in a billycan . Tea leaves can be processed in different ways resulting in a drink which appears and tastes different. Chinese yellow and green tea are steamed, roasted and dried; Oolong tea is semi-oxidised and appears green-black and black teas are fully oxidised. Around the world, people refer to other herbal infusions as "teas"; it is also argued that these were popular long before

2214-556: Is typically drunk hot. Milk is regarded as one of the "original" drinks; milk is the primary source of nutrition for babies. In many cultures of the world, especially the Western world, humans continue to consume dairy milk beyond infancy, using the milk of other animals (especially cattle , goats and sheep ) as a drink. Carbonated drinks refer to drinks which have carbon dioxide dissolved into them. This can happen naturally through fermenting and in natural water spas or artificially by

2296-422: Is used in the production of teas , herbal teas and can be used to prepare coffee (when using a coffee press ). The name is derived from the word " percolate " which means to cause (a solvent) to pass through a permeable substance especially for extracting a soluble constituent . In the case of coffee-brewing the solvent is water, the permeable substance is the coffee grounds, and the soluble constituents are

2378-458: The Balkans by c.  4500  BC and was consumed and celebrated in ancient Greece and Rome . From its earliest appearance in written records, wine has also played an important role in religion. Red wine was closely associated with blood by the ancient Egyptians , who, according to Plutarch , avoided its free consumption as late as the 7th-century BC Saite dynasty , "thinking it to be

2460-488: The Camellia sinensis shrub was used for tea making. Leaves, flowers, roots or bark can be used to make a herbal infusion and can be bought fresh, dried or powdered. Fruit juice is a natural product that contains few or no additives. Citrus products such as orange juice and tangerine juice are familiar breakfast drinks, while grapefruit juice , pineapple, apple, grape, lime, and lemon juice are also common. Coconut water

2542-554: The Dr Pepper Snapple Group . These drinks are often served warm or hot. Coffee is a brewed drink prepared from the roasted seeds of several species of an evergreen shrub of the genus Coffea . The two most common sources of coffee beans are the highly regarded Coffea arabica , and the "robusta" form of the hardier Coffea canephora . Coffee plants are cultivated in more than 70 countries . Once ripe, coffee "berries" are picked, processed, and dried to yield

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2624-586: The Thirty Years' War Lorsch and its neighbourhood suffered greatly. In 1621, Spanish troops pillaged the abbey and most of the buildings at Lorsch were pulled down. After the Archbishopric of Mainz regained possession of it in 1623, the region was returned to the Catholic faith. However, the abbey remained a ruin and served as a source of building materials for the whole region. The most depressed period for Lorsch

2706-459: The volunteer fire department . Locally, in the Alemannic language area it is organized by current confirmands . In Danis (Swiss canton Graubünden) the custom is called trer schibettas ( Rhaeto-Romanic for Scheibenschlagen). Here the Scheibenschlagen is usually organized by a so-called Jungmannschaft (a group of young people, similar to scouts). Boys in the 3rd grade and older and all bachelors in

2788-660: The 9th century by King Louis II , is the oldest largely intact monument of Carolingian architecture . The following historical names have been recorded: In 468 years, the monastery had 47 abbots.. Drink This is an accepted version of this page A drink or beverage is a liquid intended for human consumption. In addition to their basic function of satisfying thirst , drinks play important roles in human culture . Common types of drinks include plain drinking water , milk , juice , smoothies and soft drinks . Traditionally warm beverages include coffee , tea , and hot chocolate . Caffeinated drinks that contain

2870-665: The Lorsch gospels, the Codex Aureus of Lorsch , now divided between the Vatican Library and the Batthyaneum Library in Alba Iulia , Romania ; the carved ivory consular diptychs of Anastasius (consul 517) that were reused for its bindings are urbane classicising works of art in themselves, and embodiments of the classical tradition of Byzantium as it was transmitted to Lorsch in the time of Charlemagne . In 876, shortly after

2952-546: The Scheibenschlagen itself but also the collecting of wood for the bonfire, usually also done by the army recruits or the confirmands of the town, is accompanied by rituals in certain regions: In the county of Ortenau , for example in Rammersweier, participants walk through the town with a cart singing this song, asking for wood and wishing people luck: Wohl, Wohl Waihe, Soll, soll saihe! Gän mer au e Stierli Zu unserm schöne Fierli! Glück ins Hüs, Serme rüs! Alles guet,

3034-574: The abbey was mortgaged to the Electoral Palatinate . In 1556, Elector Palatine Otto Heinrich implemented the Protestant Reformation in his territories and dissolved the monasteries. He removed the contents of the library to Heidelberg , forming the famous Bibliotheca Palatina , just prior to Lorsch's dissolution in 1557/1563. The remaining members of the abbey's religious community were pensioned off and sent away. In 1623, after

3116-428: The abbey was not allowed to elect its own abbots: they were appointed by the king. Emperor Otto I restored this right to Lorsch. A confrontation between ruler and abbot about the construction of the castle of Starkenburg within view of the abbey resulted in abbot Udalrich confronting the king at Trebur with 1,200 armed riders. Throughout the 11th century, the abbey flourished. Popes and emperors repeatedly favoured

3198-507: The abbey with privileges and estates ranging from the Alps to the North Sea , so that in a short time it became not only immensely rich, but also a seat of political influence. It was declared a reichsabtei (a sovereign principality in its own right, subject directly and solely to the emperor ). In 1052, Pope Leo IX came to consecrate an altar in the burial chapel of the eastern Carolingians. By

3280-508: The abbey, and other walls and parts of buildings adapted to modern use. The abbey was founded in 764 by the Frankish Count Cancor and his widowed mother, Williswinda, as a proprietary church ( Eigenkirche ) and monastery on their estate, Laurissa. It was dedicated to Saint Peter and Saint Paul . The founders entrusted its government to Cancor's cousin, Chrodegang ( Archbishop of Metz ), who became its first abbot. The monastery

3362-406: The absence of alcohol in contrast to "hard drink" and "drink". The term "drink" is theoretically neutral, but often is used in a way that suggests alcoholic content. Drinks such as soda pop, sparkling water , iced tea , lemonade , root beer , fruit punch , milk , hot chocolate , tea , coffee , milkshakes , tap water , bottled water , juice , and energy drinks are all soft drinks. Water

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3444-491: The acceptance of international licenses and terms of use for digital images had increased and above all granting free access to digital data had become more common.” More than half of the 309 manuscripts were digitally reproduced by the holding libraries themselves. As of 2015, the Vatican holds over a third of the surviving Lorsch manuscripts, while the rest are spread out over seventy two institutions in twelve countries. During

3526-471: The addition of chemicals, such as chlorination . The importance of purified water is highlighted by the World Health Organization , who point out 94% of deaths from diarrhea – the third biggest cause of infectious death worldwide at 1.8 million annually – could be prevented by improving the quality of the victim's environment, particularly safe water. Pasteurization is the process of heating

3608-982: The area of Landeck and in the lower Virgental valley. However, in many rural areas (such as "Scheibschlagalm" in Brixental , "Scheibenbichl" in Imst , etc.) the tradition is still preserved. The tradition of Scheibenschlagen is particularly widespread in and around the area of the Upper Rhine Plain (in the Black Forest , Breisgau , Basel-Landschaft , Alsace ,) as well as in Vorarlberg , parts of West- and South Tyrol , in Bündner Oberland Breil/Brigels and in Churer Rheintal Untervaz . The northernmost place where Scheibenschlagen still regularly occurs,

3690-428: The basilica of the monastery. In 766 Chrodegang resigned from the office of abbot, in favour of his other duties as Archbishop of Metz. He then sent his brother Gundeland to Lorsch as his successor, with fourteen Benedictine monks. That same year, there was a dispute about property rights between Gundeland and Cancor's son, and the abbey was moved to an Ice Age dune , a few hundred metres from its original location on

3772-707: The blood of those who had once battled against the gods". The Greek cult and mysteries of Dionysus , carried on by the Romans in their Bacchanalia , were the origins of western theater . Judaism incorporates it in the Kiddush and Christianity in its Eucharist , while alcohol consumption was forbidden in Islam . Spirits are distilled beverages that contain no added sugar and have at least 20% alcohol by volume (ABV). Popular spirits include borovička , brandy , gin , rum , slivovitz , tequila , vodka , and whisky . Brandy

3854-582: The capture of Heidelberg, the Elector Maximilian of Bavaria presented the renowned library, 196 cases of manuscripts, to Pope Gregory XV . Leo Allatius was sent to superintend its removal to Rome, where it was incorporated into the Vatican library as the "Biblioteca Palatina". In 2014, the University of Heidelberg created a website, Bibliotheca Laureshamensis reuniting the surviving Lorsch documents in

3936-495: The chemical compounds that give coffee its color, taste, aroma, and stimulating properties. Carbonation is the process of dissolving carbon dioxide into a liquid, such as water. Fermentation is a metabolic process that converts sugar to ethanol . Fermentation has been used by humans for the production of drinks since the Neolithic age . In winemaking , grape juice is combined with yeast in an anaerobic environment to allow

4018-540: The chief creators of beer throughout history due to its association with domesticity and it, throughout much of history, being brewed in the home for family consumption. Only in recent history have men begun to dabble in the field. It is thought by some to be the oldest fermented drink . Some of humanity's earliest known writings refer to the production and distribution of beer: the Code of Hammurabi included laws regulating beer and beer parlours, and "The Hymn to Ninkasi ",

4100-546: The death of Ludwig der Deutsche (Louis the German), the abbey became the burial place for the first "German" king. His son, Ludwig der Jüngere (Louis the Younger, died 882), and his grandson Hugo (died 879) were also buried at Lorsch. The burial chapel ( ecclesia varia ) later continued to serve as a Royal burial ground, e.g. for Kunigunde (died after 915), wife of the first non-Carolingian king, Konrad I (Conrad I). From 895–956,

4182-463: The definition of "alcohol" includes many other compounds). Beer has been a part of human civilisation for around 8,000 years. Beer is an alcoholic drink produced by the saccharification of starch and fermentation of the resulting sugar. The starch and saccharification enzymes are often derived from malted cereal grains, most commonly malted barley and malted wheat. Most beer is also flavoured with hops , which add bitterness and act as

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4264-429: The disc fails: Oh tgei tgagiarar per il scolast! In the Alemannic region one traditionally uses a wooden stick and a wooden launch ramp called Scheibenbock to fling the disk. A wooden square with an edge length of about 10 cm and a thickness of 2 cm is used as the disk. Usually the disk is made out of Hardwood ( Fagus sylvatica ). In the middle there is a drill hole which has two purposes. One reason for

4346-420: The disc should fly, the disc should hit (name of the victim) in the face. Or: Disc, disc, for whom should that disc fly? The disc should fly for (name). If it does not it does not count. County of Tyrol : Dia Scheiba, dia Scheiba, dia will i iatz treiba, Schmolz in dr Pfonna, Kiachli in dr Wonna, Pfluag in dr Eard, dass dia Scheiba weit außi geat! Translated: Disc, disc, it is you I want to propel, lard in

4428-404: The disk into the darkness. In some regions the event is over when all households have thrown their discs and there are no more left. In Mals , Upper Vinschgau , on the same day a 12m long tree trunk called Hex is put up with a cross-piece wrapped in straw. This cross is set up on a little hill outside the village and gets burned after sunset. After all discs are used up a torchlight procession to

4510-454: The dissolution of carbon dioxide under pressure. The first commercially available artificially carbonated drink is believed to have been produced by Thomas Henry in the late 1770s. Cola, orange, various roots, ginger, and lemon/lime are commonly used to create non-alcoholic carbonated drinks; sugars and preservatives may be added later. The most consumed carbonated soft drinks are produced by three major global brands: Coca-Cola , PepsiCo and

4592-407: The drill hole is to be able to carry many disks on a cord or wire and above all to put them on the stick. With the stick the disks are held in the fire or embers until they are also glowing. This glow is intensified by swinging the stick before hitting the disk. Production and naming of the disks can vary from region to region. In Leimental some disks are carved with a Billhook , others are shaped with

4674-1009: The drink at home, are sold at grocery stores and online . Tea, the second most consumed drink in the world, is produced from infusing dried leaves of the Camellia sinensis shrub, in boiling water. There are many ways in which tea is prepared for consumption: lemon or milk and sugar are among the most common additives worldwide. Other additions include butter and salt in Bhutan , Nepal , and Tibet ; bubble tea in Taiwan ; fresh ginger in Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore; mint in North Africa and Senegal ; cardamom in Central Asia; rum to make Jagertee in Central Europe; and coffee to make yuanyang in Hong Kong. Tea

4756-417: The drinking of alcoholic drinks for various reasons. In some regions with a dominant religion the production, sale, and consumption of alcoholic drinks is forbidden to everybody, regardless of religion. Toasting is a method of honoring a person or wishing good will by taking a drink. Another tradition is that of the loving cup , at weddings or other celebrations such as sports victories a group will share

4838-444: The end of the 11th century, Lorsch had been visited by kings/emperors around 2 times. In 1090, a fire ravaged the abbey, and an extensive rebuilding was conducted in the early 12th century. The abbey, enjoying sovereign territorial rights, became implicated in several local feuds and in a number of wars. After 46 Benedictine abbots had governed the abbey, Conrad, the last of them, was deposed by Pope Gregory IX in 1226, and through

4920-499: The fathers of young boys; there the word Schybaschlaha is used, which is the common dialect word for Scheibenschlagen. In Alsace the custom is called Schieweschlawe; in some small towns of the Alsatian-Swiss Leymental valley it is also called Reedlischwinge (swinging wheels). The place where the bonfire is lit and the disks are hit is called Scheibenbühel (disk hill) or Scheibenfelsen (disk rock) in many towns. Not only

5002-446: The fermentation. The amount of sugar in the wine and the length of time given for fermentation determine the alcohol level and the sweetness of the wine . When brewing beer, there are four primary ingredients – water, grain, yeast and hops. The grain is encouraged to germinate by soaking and drying in heat, a process known as malting . It is then milled before soaking again to create the sugars needed for fermentation. This process

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5084-444: The growth of coffeehouses . Hot chocolate , also known as drinking chocolate or cocoa, is a heated drink consisting of shaved chocolate , melted chocolate or cocoa powder , heated milk or water, and usually a sweetener. Hot chocolate may be topped with whipped cream. Hot chocolate made with melted chocolate is sometimes called drinking chocolate, characterized by less sweetness and a thicker consistency. The first chocolate drink

5166-400: The human body becomes dehydrated , a person experiences thirst . This craving of fluids results in an instinctive need to drink . Thirst is regulated by the hypothalamus in response to subtle changes in the body's electrolyte levels, and also as a result of changes in the volume of blood circulating . The complete deprivation of drinks (that is, water ) will result in death faster than

5248-453: The influence of Friedrich II (Frederick II), Lorsch came into the possession of Siegfried III, Archbishop of Mainz , in 1232, ending the period of Lorsch's cultural and political independence. From 1232–48, Lorsch was used by the Cistercians . In 1248, Premonstratensian canons from Allerheiligen Abbey were given charge of the monastery with the sanction of Pope Celestine IV . In 1461,

5330-436: The juice of peaches , pears ("Perry" cider) or other fruit. Cider may be made from any variety of apple, but certain cultivars grown solely for use in cider are known as cider apples . The United Kingdom has the highest per capita consumption of cider, as well as the largest cider-producing companies in the world, As of 2006 , the U.K. produces 600 million litres of cider each year (130 million imperial gallons). Wine

5412-831: The pan, cake in the tub, plow in the mud, that the disc may fly far. Mals , Upper Vinschgau : Oh reim reim, wem weard eppar dia Scheib sein, dia Scheib und mei Kniascheib kearn dem Hanssmerl und der Seffa zur a guate Nocht, daß die Bettstatt krocht. Geaht sie guat, hobn si's guat, schaug, wia mei Scheibele ausigeat. Schluderns , Upper Vinschgau : Oh reim reim reim fa weim weart dia Scheib sein, dia Scheib mei Kniascheib dia soll ... zu sein hotsas it guat tuatsas it guat sols miar und mein Scheibale nit fa ibel hobm, Schmolz in dr Pfonn, Korn in dr Wonn, Pflug untert Erd, schaug wia mein Scheibale ausigeat. Breil/Brigels ( Graubünden ): Oh tgei biala schibetta per la (Mädchenname)! Translated: Oh what wonderful disc for (maiden name)! If

5494-483: The presence of Charlemagne. Many miracles were said to be wrought through the intercession of Saint Nazarius at Lorsch, and from all parts of Europe pilgrims in large numbers came to visit the shrine. In the course of the 9th century the library and scriptorium of Lorsch made it one of the cultural centres of Germany; its four surviving 9th-century catalogues show that it was rich in both Classical and Christian texts. Few Carolingian manuscripts are better known than

5576-540: The product from which they are produced (for example, rice wine , pomegranate wine, apple wine and elderberry wine ) and are generically called fruit wine . The term "wine" can also refer to starch-fermented or fortified drinks having higher alcohol content, such as barley wine , huangjiu , or sake . Wine has a rich history dating back thousands of years, with the earliest production so far discovered having occurred c.  6000  BC in Georgia . It had reached

5658-429: The purpose of drinking was known as a symposium , where watered down wine would be drunk. The purpose of these gatherings could be anything from serious discussions to direct indulgence. In ancient Rome , a similar concept of a convivium took place regularly. Many early societies considered alcohol a gift from the gods, leading to the creation of gods such as Dionysus . Other religions forbid, discourage, or restrict

5740-636: The removal of any other substance besides oxygen . Water and milk have been basic drinks throughout history. As water is essential for life, it has also been the carrier of many diseases . As society developed, techniques were discovered to create alcoholic drinks from the plants that were available in different areas. The earliest archaeological evidence of wine production yet found has been at sites in Georgia ( c.  6000 BCE) and Iran ( c.  5000 BCE). Beer may have been known in Neolithic Europe as far back as 3000 BCE, and

5822-424: The seeds inside. The seeds are then roasted to varying degrees, depending on the desired flavor, before being ground and brewed to create coffee. Coffee is slightly acidic (pH 5.0–5.1 ) and can have a stimulating effect on humans because of its caffeine content. It is one of the most popular drinks in the world. It can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways. The effect of coffee on human health has been

5904-547: The stimulant caffeine have a long history. In addition, alcoholic drinks such as wine , beer , and liquor , which contain the drug ethanol , have been part of human culture for more than 8,000 years. Non-alcoholic drinks often signify drinks that would normally contain alcohol, such as beer , wine and cocktails , but are made with a sufficiently low concentration of alcohol by volume . The category includes drinks that have undergone an alcohol removal process such as non-alcoholic beers and de-alcoholized wines. When

5986-431: The town may participate in the trer schibettas. Whilst hitting the disk, the words "[italic-no] Error: {{Lang}}: invalid parameter: |3= ( help ) (name of a girl)" are said. Translated it means: Oh what a beautiful disk for ... (name of a girl). If a hit turns out badly the words " Oh tgei tgagiarar per il scolast " are said. In Untervaz (Swiss canton Graubünden) the event is only meant for bachelors, young boys and

6068-411: The vegetable juice taste better. Many popular vegetable juices, particularly ones with high tomato content, are high in sodium, and therefore consumption of them for health must be carefully considered. Some vegetable juices provide the same health benefits as whole vegetables in terms of reducing risks of cardiovascular disease and cancer . Plant milk is a general term for any milk-like product that

6150-410: The very complex interactions between the biochemical development of the fruit, reactions involved in fermentation, terroir and subsequent appellation , along with human intervention in the overall process. The final product may contain tens of thousands of chemical compounds in amounts varying from a few percent to a few parts per billion. Wines made from produce besides grapes are usually named after

6232-482: The village begins. Afterwards the boys go home to the girls and are served food and drinks until the early morning hours. In Danis, Tavanasa , the youths come back to the village and do the same thing in small groups. Alemannic region: Schiebi, schiebo, die Schieebe soll go, die Schiebe soll suure, em (Name des Opfers) an d' Schnuure. Oder: Schiebi, schiebo, wem soll die Schiebe go? Die Schiebe soll em ... go. Goht sie it, so gilt sie it. Translated: Disc, disc,

6314-473: Was 'r gän: E Serme od´r e´ Well The event begins in the late afternoon, with the villagers meeting and having hot beverages and pastries from their region. In the Alemannic area, the event sometimes also begins with a traditional torchlight procession. Scheibenschlagen begins at dusk. After saying a few words, either as a greeting to the next participant or by reciting a short verse, each participant flings

6396-435: Was associated with rebellious political activities in Europe. A drink is a form of liquid which has been prepared for human consumption. The preparation can include a number of different steps, some prior to transport, others immediately prior to consumption. Water is the chief constituent in all drinks, and the primary ingredient in most. Water is purified prior to drinking . Methods for purification include filtration and

6478-507: Was during the wars of Louis XIV of France in the late 17th century. Whole villages in the region were laid in ruins, the homes of the peasantry were burned, and the French soldiers torched the old abbey buildings. One portion, which was left intact, served as a tobacco warehouse in the years before World War I . The ancient gate house , the Königshalle or aula regia ("king's hall"), built in

6560-514: Was mainly brewed on a domestic scale. The invention of beer (and bread ) has been argued to be responsible for humanity's ability to develop technology and build civilization . Tea likely originated in Yunnan , China, during the Shang dynasty (1500 BCE–1046 BCE) as a medicinal drink. Drinking has been a large part of socialising throughout the centuries. In ancient Greece , a social gathering for

6642-532: Was often necessary to make them palatable. Fruits can also be blended with ice and other ingredients to make a smoothie . Early storage of fruit juices was labor-intensive, requiring the crushing of the fruits and the mixing of the resulting pure juices with sugars before bottling. Vegetable juices are usually served warm or cold. Different types of vegetables can be used to make vegetable juice such as carrots , tomatoes, cucumbers , celery and many more. Some vegetable juices are mixed with some fruit juice to make

6724-408: Was settled by Benedictines from Gorze Abbey near Metz. The pious founders enriched the new abbey with further donations. To make the abbey popular as a shrine and a place of pilgrimage, Chrodegang obtained from Pope Paul I the body of Saint Nazarius , martyred at Rome with three companions under Diocletian . On 11 July 765, the sacred relics arrived and with great solemnity were deposited in

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