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51-626: The Schapendoes descends from a general type of farm and herding dog popular in the Drenthe province of the Netherlands, and the Veluwe , an area of forests and swampland. ("does" is a local dialect meaning "swamp" see e.g. the town of Doesburg ) The dogs there had many names, and were not a specific breed as we use the term today. They were the local working dog, adapted to the people, environment, and types of work needed. They were exhibited in early dog shows (in

102-472: A centre of civil servants , but the establishment of a slaughterhouse, dairy factory and iron foundry created more diverse expansion opportunities and encouraged growth. Around 1930, by establishing various psychiatric hospitals and healthcare centres, Assen became a central point for health care in the province. After the Second World War, Assen did not have more than 20,000 inhabitants. The Assen TT made

153-585: A cloak were dredged up from the peat. Unfortunately, the villagers had also heard about this find. They had secretly removed nearly all her teeth and tore off most of her hair. In November of each year Assen becomes the centre of international attention for the world of Ballroom and Latin American dancers when the city hosts the Assen Dance Festival which includes the Dutch Open Championships. This

204-466: A court in 1840, a first beginning for a garrison in 1852 and a railway station in 1870. Another major achievement was the canal Drentse Hoofdvaart, which was used to transport peat and other goods; the Noord-Willemskanaal was opened in 1861. The most important monuments of the city are from the nineteenth century. Around 1900 Assen began to play a more prominent industrial role. It was originally

255-576: A far distance. Large bronze situlae (buckets) found in Drenthe were manufactured somewhere in eastern France or in Switzerland . They were used for mixing wine with water (a Roman/Greek custom). The many finds in Drenthe of rare and valuable objects, such as tin-bead necklaces, suggest that Drenthe was a trading centre in the Netherlands in the Bronze Age. Drenthe was first mentioned in a document from 820, it

306-589: A good family dog, as well as a good dog for active sports. Lively and intelligent dogs must receive regular training and outings. Temperament of individual dogs may vary. The Schapendoes is furthermore very independent and will cooperate with its trainer, rather than obey orders. Health problems or claims of exceptional health have not been documented for this breed. Before acquiring a puppy, make sure that sire and dame have all health clearances. Drenthe Drenthe ( Dutch pronunciation: [ˈdrɛntə] )

357-410: A large number of municipal mergers in the past decades and Drenthe was no exception. The most significant simultaneous set of mergers took place in 1998, when 32 municipalities were amalgamated into 10 larger municipalities. As of 2014 Drenthe consists of 12 municipalities ; Emmen is the largest municipality in terms of both population and area, Westerveld is the least populous and Meppel covers

408-513: Is Dagblad van het Noorden , which is based in the city of Groningen . Assen Assen ( Dutch: [ˈɑsə(n)] ) is a city and municipality in the Northeastern Netherlands , and is the capital of the province of Drenthe . It received city rights in 1809. Assen is known for TT Circuit Assen , the motorcycle racing circuit, where on the last Sunday in June

459-547: Is a province of the Netherlands located in the northeastern part of the country. It is bordered by Overijssel to the south, Friesland to the west, Groningen to the north, and the German state of Lower Saxony to the east. As of January 2023, Drenthe had a population of about 502,000, and a total area of 2,680 km (1,030 sq mi). Drenthe has been populated for 15,000 years. The region has subsequently been part of

510-572: Is an art and history museum in Assen. It had 227,000 visitors in 2013. Museum Collectie Brands is a local museum located in Nieuw-Dordrecht that houses an extensive collection of rare and curious items collected by Jans Brands. The States of Drenthe have 43 seats, and is headed by the King's Commissioner , currently Jetta Klijnsma . While the provincial council is elected by the people of Drenthe,

561-564: Is an open event for dancers from all countries. Assen is also the capital of the "cycling province" of the Netherlands, Drenthe . There are many high quality cycle paths in the city and surroundings and it is host to regular cycling events such as the Drentse fietsvierdaagse and the Jeugdtour . In 2009 the prologue and opening stage of the Vuelta a España took place in Assen. The city has twice hosted

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612-407: Is directly borrowed from the seal of the abbey. It is just like the coat of arms of the province of Drenthe - in both cases Mary with child - but Jesus switches to the other knee. The history of the city is connected with the provincial governing board: around 1600, the abbey property was secularised. Marienkamp no longer existed, but the buildings did. Because of the central position of Assen and

663-473: Is now a national heritage site ( rijksmonument ). Their Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope is an array of fourteen dishes near the village of Westerbork and construction was completed in 1970. Their international Low-Frequency Array with its core near Exloo was completed in 2012. In Assen, Emmen, and Meppel are universities of applied sciences ( hogescholen ). The Stenden University of Applied Sciences has locations in these three towns, which formed

714-474: Is said to stem from thrija-hantja meaning "three lands". Drenthe has been populated by people since prehistory. Artifacts from the Wolstonian Stage (150,000 years ago) are among the oldest found in the Netherlands. In fact, it was one of the most densely populated areas of the Netherlands until the Bronze Age. The most tangible evidence of this are the dolmens ( hunebedden ) built around 3500 BC. 53 of

765-469: Is the 3rd least populous and least densely populated province of the Netherlands, with only Flevoland and Zeeland having fewer people. Emmen is the most populous municipality in the province. In 2015, 23.8% of the population belonged to the Protestant Church in the Netherlands while 9.3% was Roman Catholic , 0.9% was Muslim and 3.6% belonged to other churches or faiths. Over half (62.4%) of

816-666: Is the only professional football club in Drenthe. It plays in the Keuken Kampioen Divisie and its home stadium is De Oude Meerdijk . The Ronde van Drenthe is an elite men's and women's professional road bicycle race that takes place annually in early March. The TT Circuit Assen hosts the Dutch TT , which is a round of the MotoGP series of the Motorcycle Road Racing World Championship. Drents Museum

867-755: The Briard , the Bergamasco Shepherd (Cane da pastore Bergamasco) and the Old German Sheepdog (Schafspudel), all of which are small versions of the "mountain type" herding and livestock guardian dogs . The breed was recognised by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale in 1971, as breed number 313 in Group 1, Section 1: Sheepdogs. Exported to the North America, the breed is recognised by

918-599: The Canadian Kennel Club (as Dutch Sheepdog) and the United Kennel Club (USA) in their respective Herding groups. The American Kennel Club has listed the Schapendoes as part of its Foundation Stock Service , the first step in breed recognition. Additionally, it is recognised by numerous minor kennel clubs and internet-based dog registry businesses. The Schapendoes is a medium-sized dog with long, thick fur on

969-495: The Cistercian abbey was found in an area known as Witten , where at the time only a few farms were located. Around it was village communities like Deurze , Witten and Peelo . The latter has a history which goes back to the times when Dolmens were built, but it is now situated between two new districts of Assen. The "relocated" abbey probably was erected in the 1260s, and over the centuries Assen developed around it. The abbey

1020-530: The Drenthe University of Applied Sciences before a merger in 2008. The Hanze Institute of Technology , part of the Hanze University of Applied Sciences , is located in Assen. There are no research universities ( universiteiten ) in the province of Drenthe. RTV Drenthe , the regional radio and television station, is based in Assen. The regional daily newspaper for the provinces of Drenthe and Groningen

1071-407: The Dutch TT is run; and also for the annual Assen Dance Festival. Anreep , Assen, De Haar , Graswijk , Loon , Rhee , Schieven , Ter Aard , Ubbena , Witten , Zeijerveen , and Zeijerveld . The history of the capital of Drenthe can be traced back to at least 1258, when a new location had to be found for Marienkamp Abbey , which had originally been built near Coevorden as a penalty for

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1122-535: The Episcopal principality of Utrecht , Habsburg Netherlands , Dutch Republic , Batavian Republic , Kingdom of Holland and Kingdom of the Netherlands . Drenthe has been an official province since 1796. The capital and seat of the provincial government is Assen . The King's Commissioner of Drenthe is Jetta Klijnsma . The Farmer-Citizen Movement (BBB) is the largest party in the States-Provincial , followed by

1173-738: The Habsburg Netherlands . When the Republic of the Seven United Provinces was declared in 1581, Drenthe became part of it as the County of Drenthe , although it never gained full provincial status due to its poverty; the province was so poor it was exempt from paying federal taxes and as a consequence was denied representation in the States General. The successor Batavian Republic granted it provincial status on 1 January 1796. Shortly before

1224-578: The International Six Days Enduro . Asser Christelijke Voetbalvereniging was founded in 1939 and is one of the most successful amateur clubs in Dutch football. The city of Assen is home to the Dutch secondary vocational education (MBO) of Drenthe College. Some of the programmes offered by this vocational school are "Car technician", "First Car Engineer" and "First motorcycle technician", all due to

1275-608: The Labour Party (PvdA) and the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD). Drenthe has the lowest population density in the European Netherlands. It is a predominantly rural area, unlike many other parts of the Netherlands; except for the small cities of Assen (pop. 67,963 ) and Emmen (pop. 107,113), the land in Drenthe is mainly used for agriculture and it has a notable amount of forests and nature. The name Drenthe

1326-642: The 1870s) as Domestic herding dog . The dogs became nearly extinct during World War II, and the modern day breed descends from the few survivors. The Dutch Raad van Beheer (national kennel club) first recognised the breed in 1952, and the first standard was written in 1954. Related breeds are the Bearded Collie , the Puli , the Polish Lowland Sheepdog (Owczarek Nizinny), the Old English Sheepdog ,

1377-429: The 1960s. The TT Circuit Assen is one of the most famous motorcycle racing circuits in the world and is the only circuit that has been in the MotoGP calendar since its beginnings in 1949. It is also regarded as the "Cathedral of Motorcycle Racing." The Drents Museum provides a view of the world and of Drenthe, with stories about archaeology, art and history. Before her execution, one half of this girl's head

1428-409: The 54 dolmens in the Netherlands can be found in Drenthe, concentrated in the northeast of the province. In 2006, the archaeological reserve of Strubben-Kniphorstbos , located between Anloo and Schipborg , was created to preserve part of this heritage. Most of the Bronze Age objects found in the Netherlands have been found in Drenthe. One item shows that trading networks during this period extended

1479-600: The Commissioner is appointed by the King and the cabinet of the Netherlands. The daily affairs of the province are taken care of by the Gedeputeerde Staten , which are also headed by the Commissioner; its members ( gedeputeerden ) can be compared with ministers. The motorways A28 ( E232 ), A32 , A37 ( E233 ), and the other major roads N33, N34 , and N48 are maintained by the state. There are four railways partially in

1530-401: The Netherlands was incorporated into Napoleon Bonaparte 's French Empire , and the plans were abandoned. As an administrative centre, Assen attracted well-to-do inhabitants and new enterprises and initiatives. These contributed to a slow but steady increase of commerce, wealth and new establishments; such a newspaper in 1823, a Latin school in 1825, a postal service on Groningen in 1830,

1581-538: The Netherlands, with ample employment opportunities, particularly in the service industry .The city's unprecedented growth in houses and inhabitants is taking place, with environmental issues becoming more urgent. The Assen railway station connects the city to the rest of the country. Assen's city centre is closed to through motor traffic (except emergency vehicles), it has an extensive network of off-road cycle paths, and 41% of all journeys in Assen are by bicycle. The city has progressively become more cycle friendly since

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1632-479: The body, legs, tail, and face. Small ears hang down, covered with long fur. The face has a moustache and beard. The coat is of any colour. Height is up to 50 cm (19.7 in) at the withers and 12–20 kg (26–44 lb ), up to 25 kg (55 lb) for males, in weight. The breed standard describes the Schapendoes as friendly, high spirited, and affectionate. He is not a guard dog or aggressively protective, and if properly socialised while young, would most likely make

1683-454: The center of the city). From that time, Assen also obtained its nickname het Herenbolwerk . Assen has been an official city since 1809. After Coevorden , then a village of about sixteen hundred people, Assen became the second place in Drenthe with city rights , granted by King Louis Napoleon, who had big plans for the village. A plan to make it a city was set up at the time, but the Kingdom of

1734-484: The city more widely known, but it was not until the 1950s, with the development of an industrial core, did Assen begin to grow more quickly. The Nederlandse Aardolie Maatschappij (Dutch Oil Company) established itself in the city ,and with that, a trend was set. Now, Assen is known not only because of its TT, Bartje and the Drentse Rijwielvierdaagse . It also is the fastest-growing city in the northern part of

1785-482: The control of Rolde when the village got to establish its own municipal authorities. A municipal authority which, moreover, in most cases, operated in the shadow of the provincial government, which always manifested itself prominently in the Drentse Haagje . The municipal authority mainly got there because of provincial governors like Governor Petrus Hofstede , to which the city also thanks its uniquely located park (in

1836-567: The fact that the government from what was then called de Landschap Drenthe (the Landscape Drenthe ) was searching for a location for the government and civil servants, Assen became the seat for, and thus practically also the capital of Drenthe . Assen was not a municipality yet, not even ecclesiastical sense. Even though there was an abbey church, Assen fell ecclesiastically and administratively under Rolde . In 1615 Assen got its preacher . In 1807 Assen administratively freed itself from

1887-401: The land or 1,898 km (733 sq mi) is used for agriculture. Drenthe has several heathlands and no significant rivers or lakes. The national parks Drents-Friese Wold and Dwingelderveld ( IUCN category II) and the national landscape Drentsche Aa (IUCN category V) are all (partially) located in the province. The major urban centers of the province are the capital Assen in

1938-427: The north and Emmen , Meppel , Hoogeveen , and Coevorden in the south. Drenthe has an oceanic climate ( Köppen climate classification : Cfb). The province ( Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics or NUTS level 2) is divided into three COROP regions (NUTS level 3): North Drenthe, Southeast Drenthe, and Southwest Drenthe. The COROP regions are used for statistical purposes. The Netherlands underwent

1989-481: The northeast of the Netherlands; with to the north the province Groningen , to the west the province Friesland , to the south the province Overijssel , and to the east the German districts Emsland and Bentheim in the state Lower Saxony . Drenthe is the 9th largest province of the Netherlands. It has a total area of 2,683 km (1,036 sq mi), with 2,639 km (1,019 sq mi) of land and 44 km (17 sq mi) of water. About 72% of

2040-598: The outbreak of the Second World War , the Dutch government built a camp near the town of Hooghalen to intern German Jewish refugees. During the Second World War , the German occupiers used the camp (which they named KZ Westerbork ) as a Durchgangslager (transit camp). Many Dutch Jews, Sinti , Roma , resistance combatants and political adversaries were imprisoned before being transferred to concentration and extermination camps in Germany and occupied Poland. Anne Frank

2091-499: The population identified as non-religious. Religion in Drenthe (2015) Agriculture is an important employer, although industrial areas are found near the cities. The quietness of the province is also attracting a growing number of tourists. Drenthe is known as the "Cycling Province" of the Netherlands and is an exceptional place for a cycling holiday, having hundreds of kilometers of cycle paths through forest, heath and along canals and many towns and villages offering refreshment along

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2142-566: The province of Drenthe: Groningen Airport Eelde is a minor international airport located in Eelde in the province of Drenthe. Hoogeveen Airport is a general aviation airport located in Hoogeveen . ASTRON , the Netherlands institute for radio astronomy , is located near Dwingeloo . Their single-dish radio telescope of the Dwingeloo Radio Observatory was completed in 1956 and

2193-528: The slaughter in 1227 of the army of the Bishop of Utrecht at the hands of Drenthe's peasants, in what has come to be known as the Battle of Ane – a battle, incidentally, in which the bishop was killed. His successor ordered the nunnery to be built as a penalty. As it was located in a barren peat area, which also happened to flood from time to time, a better location had to be found. A better and especially drier spot for

2244-445: The smallest area. The municipalities Assen , Noordenveld , and Tynaarlo are part of the interprovincial Groningen-Assen Region and the municipalities Aa en Hunze , Assen, Borger-Odoorn , Coevorden , Emmen, Midden-Drenthe , Noordenveld, and Westerveld are part of the international Ems Dollart Region (EDR). On 1 January 2023, Drenthe had a total population of 502,051 and a population density of 191/km (490/sq mi). It

2295-658: The strong connections between DC and the TT Circuit Assen. About 8,000 students work across the three faculties in the city of Assen, as well as few others in Meppel and Emmen . Assen also hosts one faculty of the Hanze University of Applied Sciences , more specifically the Hanze Institute of Technology . About 100 university students are located here, some from the Bachelor of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and some from

2346-401: The way. Drenthe exports through the entire Netherlands and also receives supplies and goods from Germany, making it a good business district. Many Dutch and German multinational companies are settled in Drenthe. The Gross domestic product (GDP) of the province was 15.1 billion € in 2018, accounting for 1.9% of the Netherlands economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power

2397-614: Was 26,700 € or 89% of the EU27 average in the same year. Over half the population of Drenthe speaks the Drents dialect. Each town or village has its own version. All versions are part of the Low Saxon language group. Dutch Low Saxon has been officially recognised by the Dutch government as a regional language and is protected by the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages . FC Emmen

2448-509: Was built at what now is the Brink (i.e., the grassy area which serves as a symbolic municipal centre) of Assen. On the abbey site now stands the Drents Museum , which was built in 1882 as provinciehuis (i.e., the residence of the provincial government). Only the abdijkerk (abbey church), the grounds, and bits and pieces of walls remind us of the religious beginnings of the city. The coat of arms

2499-725: Was called Pago Treanth (Drenthe district). In archives from Het Utrechts Archief , from 1024 to 1025, the "county Drenthe" is mentioned, when Emperor Henry II gave it to Bishop Adalbold II of Utrecht . Subjugation of this region into the Holy Roman Empire culminated in the Drenther Crusade launched by the Papacy around 1228-1232. After long being subject to the Utrecht diocese , Bishop Henry of Wittelsbach in 1528 ceded Drenthe to Emperor Charles V of Habsburg , who incorporated it into

2550-526: Was deported on the last train leaving the Westerbork transit camp on 3 September 1944. In the 1970s, there were four hostage crises where South Moluccan terrorists demanded an independent Republic of South Maluku . They held hostages in hijacked trains in 1975 and 1977, in a primary school in 1977 , and in the province hall in 1978 . Drenthe is situated at 52°55′N 6°35′E  /  52.917°N 6.583°E  / 52.917; 6.583 in

2601-609: Was shaved. She was only sixteen, about 140 cm tall and she had blond hair. Around the beginning of the Common Era, this adolescent was strangled with a woolen band which the executioner had wrapped around her neck three times. Possibly, she was also stabbed in the neck near the left collarbone. She rested in the peat bog near the village of Yde for almost two thousand years, until two workers discovered her in May 1897 - and then ran away in fright. Days later most of her body parts and fragments of

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