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46-421: Reinhardtsdorf-Schöna encompasses the villages of Reinhardtsdorf, Schöna and Kleingießhübel. The municipality of Reinhardtsdorf-Schöna was formed in 1973 from the merger of these three parishes. Reinhardtsdorf is a Waldhufendorf that was mentioned as long ago as 1368 and which used to be dominated by agriculture. Today the main source of economic income is tourism . South of the village lies an open-air pool ,

92-473: A detrimental impact on the quality of one's experience of Reinhardtsdorf-Schöna, for which Town Mayor Olaf Ehrlich and his associates are proud to develop and represent for. The history of the church in Reinhardtdorf goes back to the first settlement around 1200 albeit first recorded in 1368. At the beginning of the 16th century it was expanded and in 1521 was given a Gothic winged altar. This carved altar with

138-535: A former sea in the Upper Cretaceous epoch. On the Saxon side of the border the term "Elbe Valley Cretaceous" is used, referring to a region stretching from Meißen - Oberau in the northwest through Dresden and Pirna into Saxon Switzerland, and which is formed by sandstones, planers and other rocks as well as basal conglomerates of older origin. Several erosion relics from Reinhardtsgrimma through Dippoldiswalde and

184-565: A portrayal of the Anna selbdritt was replaced when the church was renovated in 1681 by a baroque altar that depicted Jesus' Last Supper, his crucifixion and resurrection. The renovation also saw the construction of the tower. For a long time the Gothic altar was in a museum in Dresden and did not return to Reinhardtsdorf until January 1945, only a few days before the bombing of Dresden . It is now located next to

230-600: A rock face or when dressing the rough blocks of stone. The sandstone of this region is a sought-after building material used for example, for imposing city edifices such as the Church of Our Lady in Dresden . Large parts of the Elbe Sandstone Mountains are under statutory protection. In Germany there is the national park region of Saxon Switzerland, which consists two elements: Saxon Switzerland National Park itself, founded in 1990 and covered an area of 93 km²; and

276-644: A two-week holiday to improve one's German, as is not uncommon in Poland, for example, is being considered by the Goethe Institute and their EU cultural partners. This may also include further development of the German courses made available by Deutsche Welle , so as to feature content that reflects aspects of life in Reinhardtsdorf-Schöna in detail and the region in general. 10 km in northwestern direction, on

322-690: A village in these areas was also known as a Hagenhufendorf . Waldhufendörfer and Hagenhufendörfer are especially common in the Ore Mountains and their foreland as well as in East Saxony , the Sudeten and the Beskids , as well as the Thuringian Forest , Fichtel Mountains , Bavarian Forest , Bohemian Forest , Spessart , Odenwald , Westrich , North Black Forest and Nordvorpommern . The main axis of

368-688: A wide area of the Czech Republic to Moravia. Together these beds form the Saxon-Bohemian Cretaceous Zone. In Czech geological circles, the Elbe Valley Cretaceous is described as the foothills of the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin. The eroded sandstone landscape of this region was formed from depositions that accumulated on the bottom of the sea millions of years ago. Large rivers carried sand and other eroded debris into

414-524: Is also the option of taking straight InterCity and EuroCity trains from Bad Schandau or Dresden Hauptbahnhof to Berlin Hauptbahnhof . Travel times by train are usually between 2 and 3 hours, depending on the number of stops on the schedule, and the time of day or night. 14 km south of Reinhardtsdorf-Schöna, across the German-Czech border, lies the city of Děčín . Whilst Reinhardtsdorf-Schöna

460-492: Is an alternative. Although tourism is a very important component of the local economy, there is still a great reliance on agriculture, with an emphasis on cereal grains as well as diversification into other crops such as Oilseed rape. In a beeline to the northwest, it is 28 km to the outskirts of the city of Dresden . English-speaking visitors will find it a challenge without some knowledge of German, but helpful for those wanting to practice their German. The concept of

506-456: Is ecologically significant. The variety of different locations, each with its own conditions in terms of soil and microclimate , has produced an enormous richness of species . The numbers of ferns and mosses alone is unmatched by any other of the German central uplands . The occurrence of Elbe sandstones and hence the Elbe Sandstone Mountains themselves is related to widespread deposition by

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552-450: Is well placed compared to large urban areas in terms of employment, trade and tourism, for example, without having to worry unduly about overdevelopment that would spoil the local environment. That said, like any small town/village, there is a danger in it becoming simply a dormitory village, with little to encourage the younger generation to remain and earn a living. Reinhardtsdorf-Schöna, along with Bad Schandau and Pirna were damaged by

598-468: The Cretaceous sea. Rough quartz sand, clay and fine marl sank and became lithified layer by layer. A compact sandstone sequence developed, about 20 x 30 kilometres wide and up to 600 metres thick dating to the lower Cenomanian to Santonian stages . The tremendous variety of shapes in the sandstone landscape is a result of the subsequent chemical and physical erosion and biological processes acting on

644-559: The Hufe was the forest or its remnants which, in the course of time, could be cleared and turned into additional fields for cultivation or farming. Strings of Waldhufendörfer up to 25 km long occur in valleys, for example in the Saxon mountain foreland. The heart of a Waldhufendorf can also be seen in other parts of the Central Uplands in Germany. The only Waldhufendorf laid out around

690-569: The Königstein Fortress , Pravčická brána , the Schrammsteine , Pfaffenstein , and the valleys of the Kirnitzsch and Kamenice rivers. There are some 14,000 climbing routes via which mountain climbers can conquer 1100 free-standing peaks. Visitors can experience the natural scenes on the asphalt Elbe cycle path, or on board a steam paddleboat that is part of the oldest fleet of its kind in

736-693: The Tharandt Forest to Siebenlehn form isolated examples south of Dresden. They are mainly characterised by sandstones. On the Bohemian side the sandstone beds continue and form part of the North Bohemian Cretaceous. The chalk sediments of the Zittau Basin are counted as part of the latter due to their regional-geological relationships. The sedimentary sequences of the Cretaceous sea continue across

782-555: The Waldbad . Its Late Gothic church dates to the year 1523, its tower to 1685. Next to farmstead No. 7 stands an old, protected lime tree from about 1550. In house no. 21, and its barn there was an illegal printing press during the Nazi era , which is why it has become a listed building. In 2009 Reinhardtsdorf had 854 inhabitants (1999: 986). Schöna lies at 280 m south of the River Elbe near

828-501: The floods that happened Europe-wide in August 2002. Waldhufendorf The Waldhufendorf ("forest village"; plural: - dörfer ) is a form of rural settlement established in areas of forest clearing with the farms arranged in a series along a road or stream, like beads on a chain. It is typical of the forests of central Germany and is a type of Reihendorf , in which each farmstead usually has two wide strips of land adjacent to

874-773: The protected area surrounding it that was founded in 1956 and covers 287 km². The German part of the range was also designated in May 2006 as one of the 77 most important national geotopes in Germany by the Academy of Geosciences in Hanover. In the Bohemian part of the range there has been a protected landscape area in the northeastern region since 1972 called the Elbe Sandstone Protected Landscape Area with an area of 324 km . In 2000, Bohemian Switzerland National Park

920-734: The 1615 pulpit. From 1680 to 1711 the church was painted. The ceiling shows the Last Judgement and the Trinity , the upper storey, scenes from the Old Testament , mainly from the Book of Genesis , but also of the Exodus , of Samson , David und Elijah , the lower storey portrays the life of Jesus Christ . Under each painting is the name of the sponsor and the amount he donated. On the pews, Christian virtues and doctrine are portrayed graphically. The background to

966-458: The Elbe Sandstone Mountains are the furrows with parallel ridges between them ( grykes and clints ) that look like cart ruts and which are particularly common, as well as extensive cave systems. They are occasionally described by the term pseudokarst . The application of the concept to several erosion formations in the sandstone of this mountain range is however contentious. Czech geologists have identified in quartzite-cemented sandstone areas in

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1012-455: The basis of the formation of rock faces and crags. Small variations in the cement composition of the rock can have a visible impact on the landscape. Elbe Sandstone gets its characteristic cuboid appearance from its thick horizontal strata ( massive bedding ) and its vertical fissures . In 1839 Bernhard Cotta wrote about this in his comments on the geognostic map : "Vertical fissures and cracks cut through, often virtually at right angles,

1058-665: The border between the state of Saxony in southeastern Germany and the North Bohemian region of the Czech Republic , with about three-quarters of the area lying on the German side. In both countries, core parts of the mountain range have been declared a national park. The name derives from the sandstone which was carved by erosion. The river Elbe breaks through the mountain range in a steep and narrow valley. The Saxon Switzerland and Bohemian Switzerland national parks, known also as Saxon-Bohemian Switzerland, are located within

1104-608: The border with the Czech Republic . The old Waldhufendorf , first recorded in 1379, consists mainly of small cottages and old three-sided farmsteads. At the edge of the village of Schöna the Kaiserkrone towers above its surroundings and, somewhat further south is another hill, the Zirkelstein . The Hirschgrund valley runs down to the Elbe and the Hirsch Mill ( Hirschmühle ) and bisects

1150-523: The buildings ran roughly at right angles to the axis of the village up to the forest remaining on the crest of the ridge. These structures are still recognisable today. In the 12th and 13th centuries the Waldhufendorf also became the type of village preferred by German settlers in the Thuringian , Saxon and Silesian regions. Because the plots of land were usually surrounded by a hedge ( Hecke or Hag )

1196-489: The church as its village centre (in principle cake-shaped) is the village of Neuweiler -Gaugenwald. Elbe Sandstone Mountains The Elbe Sandstone Mountains , also called the Elbe Sandstone Highlands ( German : Elbsandsteingebirge , pronounced [ɛlpˈz̥antʃtaɪnɡəˌbɪʁɡə] ; Czech : Děčinská vrchovina , pronounced [ˈɟɛtʃɪnskaː ˈvr̩xovɪna] ), are a mountain range straddling

1242-541: The earth's history are the conical basaltic hills of Růžovský vrch , Cottaer Spitzberg and Raumberg , but also Großer and Kleiner Winterberg . At its southwestern edge the sandstone plate was uplifted by over 200 metres at the Karsdorf Fault , whereby the slab was tilted even more and increased the gradient of the Elbe River. The water masses cut valleys into the rock with their streambeds and contributed in places to

1288-538: The far side of the River Elbe, the Rathen Rock Theatre is located. Here, dramatic reenactments of scenes from the famous western novels of Karl May are performed for tourists. Actors are dressed in period costumes, and a considerable amount of gun play and pyrotechnics use adds to the drama. Berlin is approximately 175 km to the north. This is little more than a two-hour drive, traffic permitting, but there

1334-452: The farmhouse. This type of settlement appeared around 1000 A.D. in the hitherto unpopulated northern Black Forest in Germany. On the generally higher, fertile, rounded summits ( Kuppen ) of upper Bunter sandstone , the farmsteads (known as Gehöfte , Hufe or Hube ) were laid out along a road through the clearing . A Frankish Hufe ( Fränkische Hufe ) came to mean a farm holding, 24.2 hectares (60 acres) in area. The strips of land behind

1380-525: The formation of the rock faces. Over time the gradients reduced, the streambed of the Elbe widened out and changed its course time and again, partly as a result of the climatic influences of the ice ages. The mineral composition of the sandstone beds has a direct effect on the morphology of the terrain. The fine-grained form with clayey-silty cement between the quartz grains causes banks and slopes with terracing. The beds of sandstone with siliceous cement are typically

1426-582: The grain-cement) as well as a typical but fairly small fossil presence and variably porous strata. After the Cretaceous sea had retreated ( marine regression ), the surface of the land was shaped by weathering influences and watercourses, of which the Elbe made the deepest incision. Later the Lusatian granodiorite was uplifted over the 600 metre thick sandstone slab along the Lusatian Fault and pushed it downwards until it fractured. This northern boundary of

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1472-472: The greatest cretaceous sandstone erosion complex in Europe. Human-induced changes caused by nearly 1,000 years of continual sandstone quarrying have also contributed in parts of the sandstone highlands to the appearance of the landscape today. The fissures (called Loose by the quarrymen) played an important role here, because they provided in effect natural divisions in the rock that were helpful when demolishing

1518-486: The horizontal layers and, as a result, parallelepiped bodies are formed, that have given rise to the description Quader Sandstone.". Quader is German for an ashlar or block of stone, hence the name "Square Sandstone" is also used in English. The term Quader Sandstone Mountains or Square Sandstone Mountains , introduced by Hanns Bruno Geinitz in 1849, is an historical, geological term for similar sandstone deposits, but

1564-449: The nature of the rock surface. For example, collapse caves , small hole-like cavities ( honeycomb weathering ) with hourglass-shaped pillars, chimneys , crevices and mighty, rugged rock faces. Many morphological formations in the rocky landscape of the Elbe Sandstone Mountains are suspected to have been formed as a consequence of karstification . Important indicators of such processes in the polygenetic and polymorphic erosion landscape of

1610-433: The northern part of the Bohemian Cretaceous Basin, karst features in the shape of spherical caverns and cave formations. According to them, these emerged as a result of solution processes by water in complex interactions with iron compounds from neighbouring or intrusive magmatic-volcanic rocks. The variation in relief in these sandstone regions is explained on the basis of these processes. The Elbe Sandstone Mountains are

1656-585: The northwest in the direction of the Großer Zschirnstein stands a prominent oak tree called " Kreusels Eiche ". An important son of the parish is Wilhelm Michael Schaffrath (1814–1893), a lawyer, state and imperial parliament representative. He was a delegate of the St. Paul's Church when it was a venue for the National Assembly in 1848. In 2009, Schöna had a population of 454 (1999: 565). Kleingießhübel

1702-470: The otherwise flat landscape of Schöna itself. Due to the copious quantities of water and steep gradient there used to be several mills in operation here. The few houses in the rather shaded and cool narrow valley belong to Schöna. In einem Upper Lusatian house in the high street is the Heimatstube Schöna , a local history museum with historic records of the life of the population in bygone centuries. In

1748-485: The paintings is the area around Reinhardtsdorf, the Elbe Sandstone Mountains . The church has an organ by Hermann Eule Orgelbau Bautzen from 1911. There are many activities to pursue here, including hiking, mountain biking and horse riding through the countryside. Reinhardtsdorf-Schöna is thus popular with German and international tourists and it is often difficult to find accommodation in peak season. Camping

1794-539: The rocks formed from those sands laid down during the Cretaceous Period. The inlets of a Cretaceous sea, together with marine currents, carried away sand over a very long period of time into a shallow zone of the sea and then the diagenetic processes at differing pressure regimes resulted in the formation of sandstone beds. Its stratification is characterized by variations in the horizontal structure (deposits of clay minerals, grain sizes of quartz, differences in

1840-609: The sandstone deposit lies roughly along the line Pillnitz – Hohnstein – Hinterhermsdorf – Krásná Lípa . In the Tertiary period, the adjacent region of the Central Bohemian Uplands and the Lusatian Mountains was shaped and affected by intense volcanism ; but individual intrusions of magma also forced their way through the sandstone platform of the Elbe Sandstone Mountains. The most striking evidence of this phase in

1886-404: The settlement is usually formed by a road, but also often by a stream, on the banks of which may be found common pasture . New settlers were given strips of land alongside tracks or roads, the size of a Hufe , which they proceeded to clear. The farmhouses were erected by a track, almost always outside the flood plain of the stream and farming was practised on the land behind them. At the far end of

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1932-537: The territory of Elbe Sandstone Mountains. The Elbe Sandstone Mountains extend on both sides of the Elbe from the Saxon town of Pirna in the northwest toward Bohemian Děčín in the southeast. Their highest peak with 723 m (2,372 ft) is the Děčínský Sněžník in Bohemian Switzerland on the left bank of the river in Bohemian Switzerland north of Děčín. The mountain range links the Ore Mountains in

1978-840: The west with the Lusatian Highlands range of the Sudetes in the east. Saxon Switzerland and the Zittau Mountains of the Lusatian Mountains form the Saxon-Bohemian Chalk Sandstone Region . The most striking characteristic of this deeply dissected rocky mountain range is the extraordinary variety of terrain within the smallest area. Unique amongst the Central European Uplands are the constant changes between plains , ravines , table mountains and rocky regions with undeveloped areas of forest. This diversity

2024-578: Was also used in connection with the Elbe Sandstone Mountains. The fissures were formed as a result of long-term tectonic stresses on the entire sandstone platform of the mountain range. This network of clefts runs through the sandstone beds in a relatively regular way, but in different directions in two regions of the range. Subsequent weathering processes of very different forms and simultaneous complex deposition (leaching, frost and salt wedging , wind , solution weathering with sintering as well as biogenic and microbial effects) have further changed

2070-471: Was established with an area of 79 km , bringing around 700 km of the range under protection as a natural and cultural landscape. The Elbe Sandstone mountains have been a popular destination for tourists for more than 200 years, and for climbers for more than 100 years. It is also a popular recreation area for the nearby Saxon capital Dresden . Places of interest include the Bastei cliffs near Rathen ,

2116-478: Was first recorded in 1379 as Gizobel . In addition to the mining of limonite on the Zschirnstein , the main source of income was the manufacture of pitch as a lubricant for wagons in the road to Děčín (formerly: Tetschen ) that ran past the village. The town is known for being a centre of Neo-Nazi -associated voters (20% voted for the far-right NPD in the 2008 elections). Nevertheless, this has yet to have

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