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57-490: Satsuma City School System is a school district in Mobile County, Alabama serving the city of Satsuma . The Satsuma City School System is served by two schools, Robert E. Lee Elementary (K-6) and Satsuma High School (7-12). As of 2018 Dr. Bart Reeves, is the current Superintendent. Satsuma voted on April 12, 2011, to create its own school system and began the process of forming a school board with plans to start school in

114-607: A Mississippian chiefdom in what is now the U.S. state of Alabama . His people were possibly ancestors to the several southern Native American confederacies (the Choctaw and Creek peoples) who later emerged in the region. The modern city of Tuscaloosa, Alabama , is named for him. Tuskaloosa is notable for leading the Battle of Mabila at his fortified village against the Spanish conquistador Hernando de Soto . After being taken hostage by

171-473: A female householder with no husband present, and 28.90% were non-families. 24.80% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.80% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.61 and the average family size was 3.13. In the county, the population dispersal was 27.50% under the age of 18, 10.00% from 18 to 24, 28.70% from 25 to 44, 21.90% from 45 to 64, and 12.00% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age

228-506: A large, recently built, fortified community with a platform mound and plaza. Upon entering the village, de Soto was taken to meet the chief under a portico on top of the mound. Chapter VII-In which is related what happened to the commander Hernando de Soto, in his intercourse with the Chief of Tascaluza...who was such a tall man that he seemed a giant: Sunday, October 10, 1540, the Governor entered

285-650: A technique of manipulation de Soto had used against the Inca Atahualpa at Cajamarca . The chief sat unmoved. Afterward the Indians served the Spaniards food, and the residents of Atahachi danced in the plaza. This reminded the Spaniards of rural dances in their own country. When de Soto demanded porters and women from the chief, the chief said that he was accustomed to being served, and not vice versa. De Soto had Tuskaloosa taken hostage. The expedition began making plans to leave

342-451: A tree that was in the fence, and taking the cord from his bow, tied it about his neck, and from a limb hanged himself. The Spaniards burned down Mabila, and nearly all the Mabilians and their allies were killed, either in the battle, in the subsequent fires, or by suicide. Chief Tuskaloosa's son was found among the dead, although the chief was not. Biedma asserts that over five thousand were in

399-548: A village of the paramount chief Tuskaloosa of the regional Mississippian culture . In 1540 he arranged an ambush of soldiers of Hernando de Soto 's expedition in an effort to expel them from the territory. The Spaniards were armed with guns and killed many of the tribe . Mobile County and Washington County, Alabama make up the Mobile Metropolitan Statistical Area with a 2020 population of 430,197. The Mobile, AL MSA and Daphne-Fairhope-Foley, AL MSA make up

456-643: Is land and 415 square miles (1,070 km ) (25.2%) is water. It is the fourth-largest county in Alabama by land area and second-largest by total area. It includes several islands, including Dauphin Island , Gaillard Island and Mon Louis Island . As of the 2020 census , there were 414,809 people, 163,750 households, and 107,701 families residing in the county. The population density was 337.4 inhabitants per square mile (130.3/km ) There were 184,441 housing units. The county's largest city, Mobile (population 187,041 per

513-465: Is the home of the University of South Alabama (USA), a public research university divided into ten colleges, including one of Alabama's two state-supported medical schools. USA has an enrollment of over 16,000 students and employs more than 6,000 faculty, administrators, and support staff. It is also home to two private institutions of higher learning. Spring Hill College , founded in 1830, is Catholic and

570-612: The Black Belt during the antebellum years. Mobile developed as a major deepwater port; in the nineteenth century, cotton was its major export. There were nine documented lynchings in Mobile from 1891 to 1981. Courthouse fires occurred in the years 1823, 1840, and 1872. According to the United States Census Bureau , the county has a total area of 1,644 square miles (4,260 km ), of which 1,229 square miles (3,180 km )

627-608: The Knights of the Order of St. John of Rhodes , in the middle of a black field, and the cross was white. And although the Governor entered the plaza and alighted from his horse and went up to him, he did not rise, but remained passive in perfect composure and as if he had been a king. Moscoso and his men mounted their horses and galloped around the plaza, playing juego de cañas , a dangerous sport involving jousting with lances. The men occasionally feinted toward Tuskaloosa, hoping to frighten him,

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684-458: The Tallapoosa River , and by the end of the day, his party was within a few miles of Tuskalusa's village, Atahachi . De Soto sent a messenger to tell the chief he and his army had arrived, and the chief responded that they could go to the court whenever de Soto liked. The next day de Soto sent Luis de Moscoso Alvarado to tell the chief that they were on their way. The paramount village was

741-446: The poverty line , including 26.20% of those under age 18 and 14.60% of those age 65 or over. Mobile County has a limited form of home rule and is governed by a three-member county commission. Each commissioner represents a single-member district and is elected by the voters of that district to serve a four-year term. Each commissioner has an equal vote on the commission. During an elected term, each commissioner serves as President of

798-622: The protohistoric Province of Tuskaloosa encountered by the de Soto expedition in 1540. The Big Eddy phase Taskigi Mound is a platform mound and fortified village site located at the confluence of the Coosa, Tallapoosa, and Alabama Rivers near Wetumpka, Alabama . It is preserved as part of the Fort Toulouse-Fort Jackson State Historic Site and is one of the locations included on the University of Alabama Museums "Alabama Indigenous Mound Trail". As de Soto approached

855-622: The 101st District, Republican Shane Stringer from the 102nd District, Democrat Barbara Drummond from the 103rd District, Republican Margie Wilcox from the 104th District, and Republican Chip Brown from the 105th District. In most areas of Mobile County, schools are operated by the Mobile County Public School System . The cities of Chickasaw , Saraland , and Satsuma have separate school systems; served by Chickasaw City Schools , Saraland Board of Education , and Satsuma City School System , respectively. Mobile County

912-534: The 2020 census) is majority minority with African-Americans making up 51.06% of its population. According to the 2010 census , the population of the county comprised the following racial and ethnic groups: As of the 2000 census , there were 399,843 people, 150,179 households, and 106,777 families residing in the county. The population density was 324 people per square mile (125 people/km ). There were 165,101 housing units at an average density of 134 units per square mile (52 units/km ). The racial makeup of

969-490: The 33rd District, by Republican Jack W. Williams from the 34th District, and by Republican David Sessions from the 35th District. The county is represented in the Alabama House of Representatives by Democrat Adline Clarke from the 97th District, Democrat Napoleon Bracy from the 98th District, Democrat Sam Jones from the 99th District, Republican Mark Shirey from the 100th District, Republican Chris Pringle from

1026-466: The Alabama River. Here the Spaniards began noticing signs of resistance from the native population. De Soto demanded canoes from the people of Piachi, but the chief claimed his people did not have any. The expedition was forced to wait two days as they built rafts to cross to the north side of the river. After crossing, they noticed that two Spaniards were missing, Juan de Villalobos (who liked to explore

1083-668: The Mobile County Commission for 16 months, beginning with the District 1 Commissioner. As of November 2020, Mobile County Commissioners are: Under the state constitution, the legislature maintains considerable power over county affairs. Mobile County is represented in the Alabama Legislature by three senators and nine representatives . It is represented in the Alabama Senate by Democrat Vivian Davis Figures from

1140-696: The Mobile River. They also founded the settlement of Mobile on the river and bay in the early eighteenth century. The British took over the territory in 1763 (along with other French territories east of the Mississippi River) after defeating the French in the Seven Years' War . During the American Revolutionary War , it came under Spanish rule as part of Spanish Florida . Spain ceded the territory to

1197-431: The Spaniards with requested deerskins, food, bearers, and women, de Soto released the paramount chief of Coosa, whom they had held hostage while traveling through his territory. The Coosa chief was angry that he had been taken so far from his home village and that de Soto still held his sister. She was likely the mother of his successor as chief, as the tribe had a matrilineal kinship system. De Soto evidently thought Talisi

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1254-467: The Spanish as they passed through his territory, Tuskaloosa organized a surprise attack on his captors at Mabila, but was ultimately defeated. Contemporary records describe the paramount chief as being very tall and well built, with some of the chroniclers saying Tuaskaloosa stood a foot and a half taller than the Spaniards. His name, derived from the western Muskogean language elements tashka and losa , means "Black Warrior". [Tuskaloosa]'s appearance

1311-650: The United States after the War of 1812 . In the 1830s, the United States forced the removal of most of the Native American tribes in the area under President Andrew Jackson 's policy and an act of Congress to relocate them to Indian Territory west of the Mississippi River. Many of those who remained continued their culture, and took refuge in the swamps in the border area between Mobile and Washington counties. Since

1368-599: The city. It was ruled by the British from 1763 to 1780, when more American colonists began to enter the territory; and controlled by the Spanish from 1780 to 1813. At the end of the War of 1812, the United States took over the territory. At that time, new settlers were being attracted to the land, eager to develop short-staple cotton in the uplands area. Invention of the cotton gin made processing of this type of cotton profitable, stimulating wholesale development of new cotton plantations in

1425-474: The countryside) and an unnamed man looking for a runaway Indian slave. De Soto ordered Tuskaloosa to have his people produced or he would be burned at the stake; the chief said only that the men would be returned at Mabila. On October 18, de Soto and the expedition arrived at Mabila, a small, heavily fortified village situated on a plain. It had a wooden palisade encircling it, with bastions every so often for archers to shoot from. The Spaniards knew something

1482-421: The county was 63.07% White , 33.38% Black or African American , 0.67% Native American , 1.41% Asian , 0.03% Pacific Islander , 0.40% from other races , and 1.04% from two or more races. 1.22% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 150,179 households, out of which 34.40% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.50% were married couples living together, 17.70% had

1539-452: The early 18th century as part of La Louisiane , was designated as the county seat from the early days of the county. Both the county and city derive their name from Fort Louis de la Mobile , a French fortification established (near present-day Axis, Alabama ) in 1702. The word "Mobile" is believed to stem from a Choctaw word for "paddlers". The area was occupied by French colonists from 1702 to 1763, and their influence has been strong in

1596-496: The fall of 2012. The Satsuma City Council received 21 applications for the five member board, and following two rounds of interviews the Satsuma Board of Education was formed with the following members being sworn in on June 7, 2011: Linda Robbins, James B. Woosley, Diane Keasler, Jimmy Upton and Pat Hicks. The new board immediately began the work required to separate from the Mobile County Public School System . On April 5, 2012,

1653-607: The first of nine tribes to be recognized by the state. This area was occupied for thousands of years by varying cultures of indigenous peoples . At the time of Spanish expeditions in the early 16th century, it was part of the territory of the Mississippian culture , which constructed major earthwork mounds. It was ruled by the paramount chief Tuskaloosa . The historic Choctaw emerged somewhat later, and are believed to be descendants of those earlier peoples. They occupied this area along what early French traders and colonists called

1710-490: The franchise after passage of the 1965 Voting Rights Act , they tended to support the national Democratic Party. Today the population of Mobile County is majority white; at the time of the Civil War, it was majority black. In 2004, the incumbent Republican president George W. Bush won 59 percent of the vote and 92,014 votes. Democrat John F. Kerry won 40 percent of the vote and 63,732 votes. Other candidates won one percent of

1767-406: The gate and their horses. Natives came from all of the houses and attacked the Spaniards. The Mabilians grabbed the provisions and equipment left outside the palisade and brought the supplies into the town. After making it outside, the Spaniards regrouped and assaulted the village. After numerous assaults and many hours (the battle lasted eight or nine hours), the Spaniards were able to hack holes into

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1824-468: The house to retrieve the chief, they discovered it was full of armed warriors prepared to protect their chief. De Soto asked the Chief of Mabila to demand the porters promised by Tuskaloosa, and the Spaniards would leave. The man refused, and a Spaniard grabbed him; in the ensuing scuffle, the chief had his arm cut off by the Spaniard's sword. With this, the Mabilians attacked the Spanish, who immediately ran for

1881-426: The lance, so that when it was nearly dark there remained only three alive; and these, taking the women that had been brought to dance, placed the twenty in front, who, crossing their hands, made signs to us that we should come for them. The Christians advancing toward the women, these turned aside, and the three men behind them shot their arrows at us, when we killed two of them. The last Indian, not to surrender, climbed

1938-505: The late 20th century, several tribes have reorganized and gained state recognition. Among those is the MOWA Band of Choctaw Indians , which was recognized as a tribe in 1979 by the state. The people have long been based in this area of the former Choctaw homeland, along the northern border of Mobile County and the southern border of Washington County. After more than a century of European settlement, beginning with French colonists, Mobile County

1995-548: The many different language families (Muskogean, Yamasee , Iroquoian , Cherokee , and others) of the Southeast. The conquistadors frequently took a local chief hostage to guarantee safe passage through his territory. By October 1540, the expedition had reached the middle of modern-day Alabama. Tuskaloosa's province consisted of a series of villages, located mostly along the Coosa and Alabama rivers. Each village had its own chief, who

2052-422: The much larger Mobile-Daphne-Fairhope CSA with a 2020 population of 661,964. The northern border of Mobile County and southern area of neighboring Washington County constitute the homeland of the state-recognized tribe of MOWA Band of Choctaw Indians , descendants of Choctaw and Creek who stayed in this area during the period of Indian Removal . They have organized to preserve their culture and language. They were

2109-415: The next day, and Tuskaloosa relented, providing bearers for the Spaniards. He informed de Soto that they would have to go to his town of Mabila (or Mauvila ) to receive the women. De Soto gave the chief a pair of boots and a red cloak to reward him for his cooperation. The expedition departed Atachaci on October 12, and the next day arrived in the village of Piachi, situated high on a cliff overlooking

2166-616: The next several days, they reached about one village of the Tuskaloosa province per day. These included Casiste , situated on a stream; and Caxa , another village on a stream, possibly Hatchett Creek , the boundary between the Coosa and the Tuskaloosa. The next day they camped on the Coosa River, across from the village of Humati, near the mouth of Shoal Creek . On October 8 they came to a newly built settlement named Uxapita , possibly near modern Wetumpka, Alabama . On October 9, de Soto crossed

2223-469: The principal men among his Indians were with him. He was as tall as that Tony (Antonico) of the Emperor, our lord's guard, and well proportioned, a fine and comely figure of a man. He had a son, a young man as tall as himself but more slender. Before this chief there stood always an Indian of graceful mien holding a parasol on a handle something like a round and very large fly fan, with a cross similar to that of

2280-790: The separation agreement between the two school boards was completed and signed. In June 2012, the U.S. Department of Justice granted Pre-Clearance to the board, officially establishing the Satsuma City School System. Residents of Axis , Creola , and other areas of Mobile County not in the Satsuma city limits and formerly assigned to Satsuma schools were rezoned to North Mobile County K-8 School in Axis and Citronelle High School in Citronelle . As of 2013 non-residents must pay $ 850 per year per child to send their children to Satsuma schools. In 2012

2337-454: The state after Jefferson and Madison counties. As of the 2020 census , its population was 414,809. Its county seat is Mobile , which was founded as a deepwater port on the Mobile River. The only such port in Alabama, it has long been integral to the economy for providing access to inland waterways as well as the Gulf of Mexico . The city, river, and county were named in honor of Maubila ,

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2394-592: The third-oldest Jesuit college or university in the U.S. Its enrollment is about 1,500 students and it offers 46 academic majors. The University of Mobile , established in 1961 and affiliated with Alabama Baptist Convention, has an enrollment of about 2,000 and offers 90 academic majors. During the late 20th century, white conservatives left the Democratic Party for the Republican Party. In that same period, as African Americans regained their ability to exercise

2451-406: The town, of which almost none was able to escape. For several weeks afterward, the Spanish made forays to neighboring villages for supplies of maize , deerskins, and other goods, finding many wounded and dead Mabilians in the houses. The natives had made two serious mistakes: they had not realized the Spaniards' advantage when mounted on horses, and they had relied too heavily on their palisade. Once

2508-403: The town, the chief of Mabila came out to greet him, bringing him three robes of marten skins as a gift. De Soto and several of his men dismounted and entered the town, as the native bearers placed the Spaniards' supplies next to the palisade. The Mabilians danced and sang to the Spaniards, seemingly to allay their fears and to distract them. While the spectacle unfolded, Tuskaloosa told de Soto he

2565-464: The tuition was $ 650. As of 2013 about 100 students residing in Creola attended Satsuma schools. This Alabama school-related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Mobile County, Alabama Mobile County ( / m oʊ ˈ b iː l / moh- BEEL ) is a county located in the southwestern corner of the U.S. state of Alabama . It is the third-most populous county in

2622-414: The village of Tascaluça, which is called Athahachi, a recent village. And the chief was on a kind of balcony on a mound at one side of the square, his head covered by a kind of coif like the almaizal , so that his headdress was like a Moor 's which gave him an aspect of authority; he also wore a pelote or mantle of feathers down to his feet, very imposing; he was seated on some high cushions, and many of

2679-519: The vote and 102,043 votes. His challenger, Democrat Vivian Figures , won 43 percent of the vote and 77,292 votes. Within the city of Mobile, the margins between the Republican and Democrat candidates are usually between 10 and 19 points. Since 1996, the Democrats have gotten 40-45% of the vote. Tuskaloosa Tuskaloosa ( Tuskalusa , Tastaluca , Tuskaluza ) (died 1540) was a paramount chief of

2736-511: The vote. In the 2008 presidential election, Mobile County cast the majority of its votes for the Republican candidate John McCain . He won 54% of the vote and 98,049 votes. Democrat Barack Obama received 45% of the vote and 82,181 votes. Other candidates won 1% of the vote. In the Senate off-year election in 2008, Republican Jeff Sessions did better than John McCain. Sessions won 57 percent of

2793-410: The walls of the palisade and reenter the town. We entered the town and set it on fire, whereby a number of Indians were burned, and all that we had was consumed, so that there remained not a thing. We fought that day until nightfall, without a single Indian having surrendered to us- they fighting bravely on like lions. We killed them all, either with fire or the sword, or, such of them as came out, with

2850-414: Was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.50 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.10 males. The median income for a household in the county was $ 33,710, and the median income for a family was $ 40,378. Males had a median income of $ 32,329 versus $ 21,986 for females. The per capita income for the county was $ 17,178. About 15.60% of families and 18.50% of the population were below

2907-497: Was a vassal to Tuskaloosa, the paramount chief . After traveling through the Province Coosa , the de Soto expedition came to the village of Talisi on September 18, 1540; the modern town of Childersburg, Alabama developed near here. The chief of Talisi and his vassals had fled the town before them, but de Soto sent messages to the chief, who returned on September 25. Once the Chief of Talisi had shown his obedience by supplying

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2964-582: Was amiss: the population of the town was almost exclusively male, young warriors and men of status. There were several women, but no children. The Spaniards also noticed the palisade had been recently strengthened, and that all trees, bushes and even weeds had been cleared from outside the settlement for the length of a crossbow shot. Outside the palisade in the field, they saw an older warrior haranguing younger men, or leading them in mock skirmishes and military exercises. The South Appalachian Mississippian culture Big Eddy phase has been tentatively identified as

3021-469: Was believed to comprise what is now the Southern United States . In 1539, De Soto landed near Tampa, Florida , with 600–1,000 men and 200 horses and began a circuitous exploration of modern-day Florida , Georgia , South Carolina and Alabama , often engaging in violent conflict with the indigenous peoples. As they traveled, the expedition kidnapped natives to act as bearers and interpreters of

3078-543: Was full of dignity he was tall of person, muscular, lean, and symmetrical. He was the suzerain of many territories, and of numerous people, being equally feared by his vassals and the neighbouring nations. Tuskaloosa and his chiefdom are recorded in the chronicles of Hernando de Soto 's expedition, which arrived in North America in 1539. De Soto had been appointed Governor of Cuba by King Carlos I of Spain, who directed him to conquer Florida , as adelantado . This

3135-621: Was organized by the state legislature and the proclamation of Governor Holmes of the Mississippi Territory on December 18, 1812. When Mississippi was separated and admitted as a state on December 10, 1817, after adopting its constitution on August 15, 1817, Mobile County became part of what was called the Alabama Territory . Two years later, the county became part of the state of Alabama, granted statehood on December 14, 1819. The city of Mobile, first settled by French colonists in

3192-473: Was subject to Coosa, although the village was closer to Tuskaloosa. As such the chief may have had dual allegiances to both chiefdoms and balanced between them. Tuskaloosa sent an envoy led by his son and several head men to meet the Spanish in Talisi. The envoy intended to assess Spanish expedition in order to prepare a trap for them. The Spanish rested at Talisi for several weeks, then departed on October 5. During

3249-482: Was tired of marching with the Spaniards, and wished to stay in Mabila. De Soto refused, and the chief asked to confer with some of his nobles in one of the large wattle and daub houses on the plaza. De Soto sent Juan Ortiz to retrieve him, but the Mabilians refused him entrance to the house. Tuskaloosa told de Soto and his expedition to leave in peace, or he and his allies would force him to leave. When de Soto sent men into

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