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66-728: The school follows both the Chilean national education curriculum and the International Baccalaureate (IB) Programme throughout all years. From Pre-Kinder to 8th grade, most classes are taught in English, with the exception of Spanish, Religion, Physical Education and Sports, and the Arts. In posterior years, most classes are taught in Spanish with exceptions like Business management and Environmental systems and societies. The Chilean curriculum divides

132-562: A clarification of the grading methodology, and free remarking and retesting. Several educators have criticized IB's approach to the 2020 grading. The Office of Qualifications and Examinations Regulation stated it would "scrutinize" the grades. The Norwegian Data Protection Authority asked the IB to provide data under the General Data Protection Regulation . Some argued that using a school's historical data to produce grades

198-566: A forum for dialogue." There are currently fifty-six (56) sub-regional associations, including: In 2003, the IB established the IB Fund, incorporated in the United States, to enhance fundraising and keep funds raised separately from operational funds. In 2004, the IB approved a strategic plan to "ensure that programmes and services are of the highest quality" and "to provide access to people who are socio-economically disadvantaged." In 2010 and 2015,

264-494: A group dedicated to investigating malware and cybersecurity, confirmed on the morning of May 6th that the breach appeared to be legitimate. On May 7th, the IBO confirmed that some of their data from 2018 was breached, including employee names, positions, and emails. The organization also stated that no exam material has been compromised. IB Middle Years Programme The International Baccalaureate Middle Years Programme ( MYP )

330-752: A high-performing schools network (COAR) made up of IB World Schools. In early 2016 thirteen new schools were authorized by the IB as part of this programme. In Ecuador, President Rafael Correa has also committed to improving education in state schools by implementing IB programmes and by January 2016 there were over 200 state schools. With support from local organizations, there are thirteen state IB schools in Russia . In Spain , various models have been implemented (3 types of schools in Spain: public schools, private schools and state funded-private or "concerted" schools) and led to extensive growth with 140 schools. Internationally,

396-753: A pedagogical disconnect stemming from teaching the British O-levels curriculum to students aged 11–16, and then the International Baccalaureate Diploma for students 16–18. The headmaster at the time, Lister Hannah, led discussions on the potential of developing a new two year pre-IB curriculum at the Association of International Schools in Africa conference in Nairobi in October 1978. Hannah, together with

462-456: A plan for the expansion of Advanced Placement (AP) and International Baccalaureate mathematics and science courses, intending to increase the number of AP and IB teachers and the number of students taking AP and IB examinations, as well as tripling the number of students passing those exams. Howard Gardner , a professor of educational psychology at Harvard University , said that the IBDP curriculum

528-444: A result of the leaks. One group dedicated to leaking papers has affirmed the concerns, by restricting the release of English Lang. Lit. leaks to "protect the grade boundaries". Following the examination leaks, the IBO also experienced an alleged security breach in their IT Infrastructure, potentially exposing internal documents and further test papers. Upon inspecting data shared online by the unknown threat actor(s), vx-underground ,

594-597: Is community service . The community and service area requires students to study and perform community studies and service throughout the programme. For example, in the United States, some schools and districts, like the Upper St. Clair School District and Montgomery County Public Schools (Maryland) either require or highly encourage a set number of hours of community service to be completed by each student, while schools like Charlotte-Mecklenburg Schools and Round Rock Independent School District require students to complete

660-520: Is "less parochial than most American efforts" and helps students "think critically, synthesize knowledge, reflect on their own thought processes and get their feet wet in interdisciplinary thinking." In 2006, government ministers in the United Kingdom provided funding so that "every local authority in England could have at least one centre offering sixth-formers the chance to do the IB." In 2008, due to

726-548: Is a nonprofit organization, selling its products and services to schools in a system analogous to a franchise network. Schools buy products and services from the IB – assessments, publications, the right to use branding – and in turn schools act as distributors, reselling the products and services to families. The IB maintains its head office in Geneva , Switzerland . Assessment and grading services are located in Cardiff , Wales and

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792-711: Is an educational programme for students between the ages of 11 and 16 around the world as part of the International Baccalaureate (IB) continuum. Middle Years Programme is intended to prepare students for the two-year IB Diploma Programme . It is used by 1,358 schools in 108 countries. It has been available since 1994. It was updated in 2014 and called MYP: New Chapter. In the Middle Years Programme students are required to receive instruction in all eight subject groups; Language Acquisition, Language and Literature, Individuals and Societies, Sciences, Mathematics, Arts, Physical and Health Education, and Design. In 2014,

858-504: Is graded on separate criteria). Students in MYP year 3-4 complete the community project. The subjects taught in the MYP are divided into eight subject groups. Schools can choose the subjects they teach within each subject group and how many. However, each subject group must receive a minimum of 50 hours of curriculum time each academic year. In years 4 and 5, schools can request to only require students to receive 50 hours of instruction in six of

924-563: Is permitted to reduce this to six during the final two years. The full programme lasts five years although shorter programmes of two, three, or four years, could be negotiated in 2016. At the centre of the MYP is the IB Learner Profile , which defines the type of students all the IB programmes ( Primary Years Programme (PYP), Middle Years Programme (MYP), and Diploma Programme (DP)) are intended to develop. They are: There are six Global Contexts (GCs) which are applied to every course

990-586: The Council of Europe and the Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie (OIF). The IB governance is composed of an IB Board of Governors and six committees (access and advancement, audit, education, finance, human resources and governance). The Board of Governors appoints the Director General, sets the strategic direction of the organization, adopts a mission statement, makes policy, oversees

1056-641: The Czech Republic , South Africa , Kazakhstan , Spain, Philippines , Malaysia , Japan , and South Korea . The United States has the largest number of IB programmes (2,010 out of 5,586) offered in both private and public schools. The IB works with governments and non-governmental organizations across the world and has consultative status as a nongovernmental organization (NGO) at the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization ( UNESCO ) and has collaborative relationships with

1122-775: The Diploma Programme , and in parallel to and independently of what would become the Primary Years Programme . The Middle Years Programme's "birthplace" is considered to be the International School Moshi, in Tanzania , today known as the United World College East Africa , which had been the first school to introduce the IB diploma to the African continent. In the late 1970s the school identified

1188-542: The IB Middle Years Programme New chapter was introduced in September 2014. The IB Primary Years Programme (PYP) was piloted in 1996 in 30 primary schools on different continents, and the first PYP school was authorized in 1997, with 87 authorized schools in 43 countries within five years. The IB Career-related Programme (formerly IB Career-related Certificate ) was first offered in 2012. Alec Peterson

1254-713: The International Baccalaureate ( IB ), is a nonprofit foundation headquartered in Geneva , Switzerland , and founded in 1968. It offers four educational programmes: the IB Diploma Programme and the IB Career-related Programme for students aged 16 to 19, the IB Middle Years Programme for students aged 12 to 16, and the IB Primary Years Programme for children aged 3 to 12. To teach these programmes, schools must be authorized by

1320-421: The subreddit r/pirateIB and other platforms. To date, there have been documents shared for Mathematics, Physics, Biology, Chemistry, English, Chinese, German, Psychology, Digital Society, Geography, Business Management, Computer Science and Global Politics. Some online forums have been expressing student discontent, especially with concerns on unfair advantages in examinations, with claims of miscommunication from

1386-401: The "Community Project" for students to complete the programme during Year 3 or 4. The "Personal Project" is meant to be a culmination of student learning, with a focus of the areas of interaction. Just as with the extended essay in the IB Diploma Programme , students are required to choose an academic or non-academic topic or subject for their project, which they are expected to complete over

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1452-569: The Child in the Middle Years of Schooling (ages 11–16)'. This conference recommended the development of a course to meet the needs of students aged 11–16 years, with a focus on six key 'needs', which were described as Global , Intellectual , Personal , Physical , Creative , and Social . Further workshops and conferences ( Lusaka in 1981, New York City in 1981, Wersen in 1981, London in 1982, and Cyprus in 1983) brought additional schools into

1518-598: The Heads Council, Regional Councils and the Board. To encourage diversity of gender, culture and geography, there are only three ex officio positions: Director General (non-voting), the chair of the Examining Board and the chair of the Heads Council. Advisory bodies include the Heads Council and Regional Councils. The IB Diploma Programme was described as "a rigorous, off-the-shelf curriculum recognized by universities around

1584-947: The IB Diploma Programme (IBDP). In the mid-1960s, a group of teachers from the International School of Geneva (Ecolint) created the International Schools Examinations Syndicate (ISES), which would later become the International Baccalaureate Office (IBO), followed by the International Baccalaureate Organization (IBO) and then the International Baccalaureate (IB). The IB headquarters were officially established in Geneva, Switzerland, in 1968 for

1650-853: The IB announced a dual exam route for the May 2021 examination: examinations were expected to take place in regions where a written assessment could be "administered safely", while candidates in other regions follow a non-exam "alternative route" based on coursework and predicted grades. This decision was met with stiff backlash as students taking the IB Diploma Programme protested against perceived injustice. Students argued that exams would harm student mental health and well-being as well as possible consequences for university admissions. The IB's dual system approach has also been criticized by exam boards such as Cambridge Assessment International Education , who canceled their IGCSE and international A-level exams. In late April/early May, select IB final exams were leaked to

1716-598: The IB announced a plan that will expand the opportunities for Japanese students to complete the IB curriculum in Japanese. In Malaysia , a project has been developed in response to interest expressed by the Malaysia Ministry of Education (MoE) in working with the IB to implement the IB Middle Years Programme (MYP) in select secondary state schools. The Abu Dhabi Education Council (ADEC) signed an agreement with

1782-548: The IB continues to be recognized as innovative, and in 2014, the World Innovation Summit for Education (WISE) announced the IB Career-related Certificate as a finalist for their annual WISE Awards. However, the IB came under heavy criticism around the world in 2020 for controversial estimated grades, set when COVID-19 precautions obstructed examinations. According to tertiary educational agency 7Acad,

1848-553: The IB in Chicago, found that it made for a stressful school experience but subsequently eased the pressures of university study. A further report by the University of Chicago concluded that Chicago Public School students who completed the IB curriculum were 40% more likely to attend a four-year college, 50% more likely to attend a selective four-year college, and significantly more likely to persist in college than their matched peers outside

1914-603: The IB to widen the options offered to parents and to meet the different needs of students in the United Arab Emirates . In April 2014, The King Faisal Foundation in Saudi Arabia and the IB signed a memorandum of understanding to develop IB programmes, including the IBDP, in up to forty primary and secondary schools, with the goal of intending to develop these schools as centres of excellence as IB World Schools. In Peru , President Ollanta Humala has committed to building

1980-417: The IB's financial management, and ensures autonomy and integrity of the IB Diploma Programme examinations and other student assessments. The structure of its different committees is based on respect, representation and collaboration. The Board of Governors can comprise between 15 and 25 members. Members are elected by the Board on the recommendation of the governance committee and from nominations presented by

2046-600: The IB, and Robert Belle-Isle, who was the director at UNIS and had previously been the superintendent of the Chambly school district in Quebec , became involved in the initiative. From 1983 to 1990 the discussions crystallized into a five-year curriculum for students aged 11–16, rather than a purely pre-IB course. At the 1987 ISA annual conference in Svendborg, it was decided to pilot the newly designed curriculum. Three schools took part in

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2112-416: The IB. A statement from the IBO was published on May 4th, claiming that the organization had discovered a very small number of students engaged in "time zone cheating", further claiming that the cheating wasn't widespread. South China Morning Post rebutted this claim, having discovered over 45,000 downloads of papers. Significant numbers of students have raised concerns about grade boundaries being inflated as

2178-461: The IB. The City of Miami Beach Commission entered into an education compact with Miami-Dade County Public Schools with one of the initiatives of the compact to implement the IB curriculum throughout Miami Beach feeder schools. In some other parts of the world, the International Baccalaureate has been well received. In 2013, the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan and

2244-564: The IBDP was reduced from $ 300,000 to $ 100,000 after State Senator Margaret Dayton objected to the IB curriculum, stating, "First, I have never espoused eliminating IB ... I don't want to create 'world citizens' nearly as much as I want to help cultivate American citizens who function well in the world." Mayor Rahm Emanuel of Chicago , meanwhile, believes that IB should be an option for students in Chicago Public Schools. Elizabeth Brackett , reporting on her own experience of studying

2310-487: The IBO was accused of plagiarising some of its confidential examiner marking guides from Misplaced Pages . In March 2020, the IB announced that exams for the May 2020 session had been cancelled as a response to the COVID-19 pandemic . It claimed that the final grades would instead be calculated based on coursework, students' teacher-predicted grades, and historical school data. "Prior to the attribution of final grades, this process

2376-608: The International Baccalaureate Organisation introduced a new more flexible programme for the middle years, which was then called the MYP: Next Chapter but this by 2019 had transitioned into MYP. It was possible to embed local curriculum in the framework. The full strategy involve approaches to learning strategy, concept-driven teaching and the global context strategy, and school organisation with collective planning, vertical structuring and cooperation with

2442-443: The International Baccalaureate. The organization's name and logo were changed in 2007 to reflect new structural arrangements. Consequently, "IB" may now refer to the organization itself, any of the four programmes, or the diploma or certificates awarded at the end of a programme. When Marie-Thérèse Maurette wrote "Educational Techniques for Peace. Do They Exist?" in 1948, she created the framework for what would eventually become

2508-463: The MYP. The MYP eAssessments are the form of the optional external moderation introduced in 2016. To receive the MYP Certificate, each candidate must complete at least one eAssessment in each of these areas: Within each area, the subject with the highest score, on the scale of 1 to 7 is counted, the results will be tallied to create a total out of 56. The pass mark is 28 and the candidate must meet

2574-459: The Service and Actions requirements set by the school. Each subject group uses four criteria to mark a student's ability in the subject. At the end of the year, teachers give a final score, out of eight, on each criterion based on the student's performance throughout the whole year. The scores of the four criteria are added up and converted to a grade out of seven. This grade is meant to demonstrate

2640-420: The candidate must get at least 3 out of 7 in the final score. The programme is based on the six global contexts . They are not generally taught as separate courses, but rather as themes that are reflected in all eight subject groups. In addition to these eight subject groups, in MYP year 5, students complete the long-term project (the personal project) on a topic of their choice, with teacher supervision (which

2706-457: The community. To officially participate in an official IB Middle Years Programme, students must attend an authorised IB World School. In the U.S., the MYP is often taught throughout middle school and the first two years of high school. Typically, middle schools and high schools work in coordination with each other. A student receives at least 50 hours of instruction per year in each of eight subject groups each year though certain flexibility

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2772-649: The conversation, including the International School of Geneva (Ecolint) , the United Nations International School (UNIS) in New York City, and the Vienna International School , and established a framework for what would become the ISA curriculum (ISAC), and later the Middle Years Programme. It was during this time that Gérard Renaud, previously a teacher at Ecolint and then Director General of

2838-457: The course of the school year. Students are required to keep a personal journal while working on the process, and schedule regular meetings with an MYP teacher who will serve as their adviser throughout the year; in addition, a final reflection must be written upon the completion of the project which explains how it ties in with at least one of the Global Contexts. To get the MYP certificate,

2904-638: The curriculum centre moved in 2011 to The Hague , Netherlands . Two other offices are located in Washington D.C. , United States and Singapore . The organization is divided into three regional centres: IB Africa, Europe and Middle East (IBAEM), administered from The Hague; IB Americas (IBA), administered from Washington D.C.; and IB Asia-Pacific (IBAP), administered from Singapore. Sub-regional associations "are groups formed by and for IB school practitioners to assist IB schools, teachers and students in their communities—from implementing IB programmes to providing

2970-452: The devaluing of the A-Levels and an increase in the number of students taking the IB exams, then-Children's Secretary Ed Balls abandoned a "flagship Tony Blair pledge to allow children in all areas to study IB." Fears of a "two-tier" education system further dividing education between the rich and the poor emerged as the growth in IB is driven by private schools and sixth-form colleges. While

3036-463: The development and maintenance of the IB Diploma Programme. The objective of this programme was to "provide an internationally acceptable university admissions qualification suitable for the growing mobile population of young people whose parents were part of the world of diplomacy, international and multinational organizations" by offering standardized courses and assessments for students aged 16 to 19. International Baccalaureate North America (IBNA)

3102-569: The diploma mean grade stands at a four-year low of 4.54 points,with total points at a five-year low of 28.51 pts as of 2019. A study published by the University of Cambridge showed that a Cambridge student, who had obtained a score of 41 or more, achieved above-average success while at Cambridge. Students who had received 38 or less, were receiving grades below the average of all Cambridge students. Those that had an IB score of 38 or 39, obtained above-average grades in science, and below-average grades in social studies and humanities. In October 2010,

3168-544: The eight subject groups. A student could take another "Language and Literature" course if they have sufficient proficiency in both (In MYP years 4&5 this could replace the Language Acquisition course). Schools are given much flexibility to allow them to introduce subjects they consider important and organize their own student assessment and reporting procedures. However, the MYP gives clear criteria for each subject group. The criteria get progressively harder with

3234-416: The experimental program. The ISAC programme was taken over by the International Baccalaureate Organization in the early 1990s, officially becoming the IB Middle Years Programme in 1994. The Chicago Tribune reported that in 1998 in that city's Beverly area, only 67 students in the 8th grade chose to attend a local public high school offering an IB curriculum. When a cluster of Beverly schools introduced

3300-439: The first year of MYP using the MYP 1 criteria set, then the second and third year using the MYP 3 criteria set and finally the last two years using the MYP 5 criteria set. Each year, MYP students participate in one interdisciplinary activity that combines at least two of the subject groups; there is a separate criteria set for interdisciplinary learning. The MYP Certificate is the formal internationally recognised award related to

3366-671: The heads of the International School of Lusaka , Zambia, and the International School of Tanganyika in Dar es Salaam , Tanzania, engaged in discussions with the International Baccalaureate Organization and the International Schools Association (ISA) about establishing a new pre-IB programme. In 1980, the school hosted a conference of the International Schools Association (ISA) in Moshi, titled 'The Needs of

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3432-692: The initial pilot: the MacDonald Cartier High School in Quebec, Canada (in Belle-Isle's former school district of Chambly); Het Rijnlands Lyceum in the Netherlands; and St Catherine's School in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The Vienna International School joined soon after, and other school boards in Quebec became interested in the program at MacDonald Cartier, and around 20 schools soon began implementing

3498-577: The number of Diploma Programme state schools has dropped under budget constraints, the new Career-related Programme has seen solid uptake in the UK with 27 schools in Kent alone. In 2006, an attempt was made to eliminate it from a public school in Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania . Some schools in the United States have eliminated the IBDP due to budgetary reasons and low student participation. In Utah , in 2008, funding for

3564-431: The outskirts of Santiago. There are still monuments in honour of important school figures near the 'Los Leones' campus (which is now owned by San Sebastián University ). One of these is Adelaida La Fetra street, which honours the school's foundress. It is located between Los Leones avenue and Josué Smith Solar street, the latter of which is itself named after the school's architect. Plazuela Elizabeth Mason honours one of

3630-709: The school used to sit the IB Diploma exams during the November season, as of 2022 students sit the exams in May. Although this causes a slight misalignment with the traditional Chilean academic year (which start in March and ends in December, instead of starting in September and ending in June), the change was done to avoid potential conflicts with the Chilean university admission exams (PAES), which are sat in early December. Throughout its history,

3696-520: The school years in two sections: Enseñanza Básica (compulsory), currently composed from years 1–8 and Enseñanza Media, currently composed from years 9–12 (often stylised by the roman numerals I, II, III and IV; or sometimes IX, X, XI and XII). The IB Programme is subdivided intro three sections: The Primary Years Programme (PYP), taught from Pre-Kinder to 5th grade; The Middle Years Programme (MYP), taught from 6th to 9th grade; The Diploma Programme (Dip.), taught from 10th to 12th grade. Although

3762-508: The school's headmistresses. It is a small square with a garden located in Los Nogales street, between Carlos Antúnez and Las Hortensias Street. Furthermore, La Fetra Street, near 2050 Agustinas Street, honours the school's founders at the location where the school once stood. 33°25′23″S 70°36′11″W  /  33.423°S 70.603°W  / -33.423; -70.603 International Baccalaureate The International Baccalaureate Organization ( IBO ), more commonly known as

3828-459: The school's main campus has been located at 5 different addresses: The school was originally located at 17 Vergara Street in downtown Santiago, and in the following years it moved into various, increasingly larger locations to accommodate the arrival of new students. The 'Los Leones' campus that was built in Providencia in 1930 housed the school until 2012, when Santiago College moved to Los Trapenses in Lo Barnechea , an upper-class neighborhood at

3894-430: The strategic plans were updated after substantial consultation. The vision for the next five years was to more consciously establish the IB as a leader in international education and the Board outlined a vision and four strategic goals with key strategic objectives. Access remains fundamental to the mission of the IB and a variety of initiatives and projects are helping to take it forward in Ecuador , Poland , Romania ,

3960-437: The student takes. They are designed to help students recognise the connection between what they learn in the classroom and the world around them, to tie the various subject areas together, and eventually to help students "see knowledge as an interrelated, coherent whole." The Global Contexts should be linked to every topic taught in class and every assessment they set. The Global Contexts are as follows: A core part of IB MYP

4026-411: The student's overall ability in the subject, with 1 being the lowest achievement and 7 the highest achievement. Language and Literature Language Acquisition Individuals and Societies Sciences Mathematics The Arts Physical and Health Education Design Interdisciplinary learning Personal Project The Middle Years Program was developed significantly later than

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4092-496: The world" when it was featured in the December 18, 2006, edition of Time titled "How to bring our schools out of the 20th Century". The IBDP was also featured in the summer 2002 edition of American Educator , where Robert Rothman described it as "a good example of an effective, instructionally sound, exam-based system." In the US, in 2006, as part of the American Competitiveness Initiative (ACI), President George W. Bush and Education Secretary Margaret Spellings presented

4158-444: Was IB's first director general (1968–1977), followed by Gérard Renaud (1977–1983), Roger Peel (1983–1998), Derek Blackman (1998–1999), George Walker (1999–2005), Jeffrey Beard (2006–2013) and Siva Kumari (2013–2021). As of May 2021, Olli-Pekka Heinonen , a Finnish politician and director of the Finnish National Agency of Education, was selected by the board of directors to serve as director general, replacing Siva Kumari. The IB

4224-503: Was established in 1975 by Peter Nehr, International Baccalaureate Africa, Europe and Middle-East (IBAEM) in 1986, and International Baccalaureate Asia Pacific (IBAP) during the same period. The International Baccalaureate now functions as a global organization with global centers in Geneva, Washington D.C., The Hague, Cardiff and Singapore. The IB Middle Years Programme (MYP) was first offered in 1994. Within five years, 51 countries had MYP schools. A revised MYP programme, referred to as

4290-410: Was subjected to rigorous testing by educational statistical specialists to ensure our methods were robust. It was also checked against the last five years' sets of results data," an IB spokesman said. In July 2020, the IB released its results for the Diploma Programme and Career-related Programme candidates enrolled in the May 2020 session. Over 17,000 signatories signed an online petition calling for

4356-496: Was unfair to black or low-income students, or students from smaller schools. Others complained about the lack of transparency and fair process of the grades' appeal process. In August 2020, amidst the continuing coronavirus pandemic, the IB announced a series of comprehensive amendments to its scheduled examinations in May 2021. They were inclusive of a few assessment components being discounted (for select subjects), and others being revised in length or syllabi. On 4 February 2021,

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