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32-650: Santa Justa Lift , lift in the city of Lisbon Santa Justa , Portuguese parish in Lisbon Santa Justa , Portuguese parish in Arraiolos Santa Justa Klan , Spanish music band Santa Justa, railway station in Seville Saints Justa and Rufina (Spanish: Santa Justa y Santa Rufina ) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with

64-513: A daughter from an American. By Grimaneza Viana de Lima, a Peruvian widow of a Brazilian diplomat, he possibly had a daughter called Maria Pia, born before 1902. Grimaneza was his last great passion. Allegedly, he also had, from the Brazilian Maria Amélia Laredó e Murça, another bastard daughter, born in 1907 and also called Maria Pia . During his life, Carlos I never officially recognized the paternity of any bastard child, despite

96-635: A patron of science and the arts, King Carlos took an active part in the celebration of the 500th anniversary of the birth of Prince Henry the Navigator in 1894. The following year he decorated the Portuguese poet João de Deus in a ceremony in Lisbon. Carlos took a personal interest in deep-sea and maritime exploration and used several yachts named Amélia on his oceanographical voyages. He published an account of his own studies in this area. On 1 February 1908,

128-491: A problem for travel between the lower streets of the main Baixa and the higher Largo do Carmo (Carmo Square). In order to facilitate the movement between the two, the civil and military engineer Roberto Arménio presented a project to the Lisbon municipal council in 1874. A similar project was suggested in 1876, that included rail-lines that would be pulled by animals up an inclined plane. In May 1882 founder and representative of

160-443: A rifle hidden under his long overcoat. The king died immediately, his heir Luís Filipe was mortally wounded, and Prince Manuel was hit in the arm. The queen escaped injury. The two assassins were killed on the spot by police, and an innocent bystander, João da Costa, was also shot dead in the confusion. The royal carriage turned into the nearby Navy Arsenal, where, about twenty minutes later, Prince Luís Filipe died. Several days later,

192-555: Is included on the historical guides of Lisbon, within the down-town Pombaline Baixa area between several older historical buildings in the quarter. It is situated in the Escadinhas de Santa Justa which connects the Baixa to the Rua do Carmo . The Escadinhas are actually part of the north-eastern urban wall of the Baixa and west of the Rua de Santa de Justa. The elevator gives access to many of

224-701: The British government prevented the marriage. He then met and married Princess Amélie of Orléans , eldest daughter of Philippe, comte de Paris , pretender to the throne of France. Carlos became king on 19 October 1889. After the 1890 British Ultimatum , a series of treaties were signed with the United Kingdom . One signed in August 1890 defined colonial borders along the Zambezi and Congo rivers, whereas another signed on 14 October 1899 confirmed colonial treaties dating back to

256-460: The Companhia dos Ascensores Mecânicos de Lisboa , Raoul Mesnier du Ponsard , petitioned the city council for permission to explore alternative plans for constructing an inclined transport moved by mechanical means. On 1 June 1882, Mesnier, a Porto -born engineer of French parentage, was granted a licence to proceed. In 1896 Mesnier petitioned for the concession of this project, in order to establish

288-553: The Empresa do Elevador do Carmo ( Company of the Elevator of Carmo ) was founded (constituted by principal partners Raoul Mesnier du Ponsard, medical surgeon João Silvestre de Almeida and the Marquess of Praia e Monforte, António Borges de Medeiros Dias da Câmara e Sousa) in order to secure the permanent concession of the elevator project for a period of 99 years. In 1900, the formal contract

320-508: The Escadinhas de Santa Justa , a request that was contested by Henry Lusseau. At the same time, the Serviços de Obras da Câmara ( Municipal Public Services ) supported Mesnier's petition, and the concession to authorize the construction and exploration of the Raoul Mesnier du Ponsard Elevator was approved. It took two years to receive a provisional license to construct the structure. In 1899,

352-614: The Tagus River , the lower part of the Baixa , the National Theatre D. Maria II , while the upper entrance permits a view of the ruins of the Monastery of Nossa Senhora do Vencimento do Monte do Carmo . The elevator is a vertical structure, developed along the Rua de Santa Justa , consisting of a metal tower, observation platform, walkway and base. Its base includes four vertical columns, each composed of two pillars. The largest part of

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384-469: The Terreiro do Paço fronting on the river. In spite of recent political unrest there was no military escort, except for a single mounted officer riding by the carriage. While the carriage was crossing the square at dusk, shots were fired from amongst the sparse crowd by two republican activists, Alfredo Luís da Costa and Manuel Buíça . Buíça, a former army sergeant and sharpshooter, fired five shots from

416-568: The 17th century. These treaties stabilised the political balance in Africa, ending Portuguese claims of sovereignty on the Pink Map , a geographical conception of how Portuguese colonies would appear on a map if the territory between the coastal colonies of Angola and Mozambique could be connected with territory in central Africa. These central African territories became part of the British Empire with

448-581: The Civil Government. The operating concession was given to the company Lisbon Electric Tramway Ltd. in 1905. Originally powered by steam, the lift was converted to electrical operation in 1907 by the British company R. Waygood, and the respective concessionary company bought the Elevator in 1913, from the Empresa do Elevador do Carmo . In 1943, the Lisbon Electric Tramway Ltd. solicited

480-679: The Diplomat ( Portuguese : o Diplomata ), the Martyr ( Portuguese : o Martirizado ), and the Oceanographer ( Portuguese : o Oceanógrafo ), among many other names, was King of Portugal from 1889 until his assassination in 1908. He was the first Portuguese king to die a violent death since King Sebastian in 1578. Carlos was born in Lisbon , Portugal , the son of King Luís and Queen Maria Pia , daughter of King Victor Emmanuel II of Italy , and

512-532: The Elevator definitively into the city's historical tram network. In July 2002, the Santa Justa Elevator celebrated its first centenary; along with the three remaining cable railways of Lavra, Glória and Bica, they were all classified as National Monuments in the same year. After remodelling and renovation, the elevator walkway was reopened in February 2006 for the general public and tourists. The lift

544-411: The Portuguese concession becoming a source of national resentment in the country. Domestically, Portugal declared bankruptcy twice – on 14 June 1892, then again on 10 May 1902 – causing industrial disturbances, socialist and republican antagonism and press criticism of the monarchy. Carlos responded by appointing João Franco as prime minister and subsequently accepting parliament's dissolution. As

576-452: The city council to authorize the transfer of the elevator to the Companhia da Carris . The process was approved, with the condition that its operation should be integrated into the transport network, with the Companhia da Carris as the principal. By 1973, a contract was signed between the municipal council of Lisbon, the Companhia da Carris and the Lisbon Electric Tramway Ltd., transferring

608-463: The exit to the Largo do Carmo there is a veranda to allow circulation. The corridor that passes above the structure, was transformed into a terrace, and exits to Largo do Carmo through an iron gate. The space destined the electrical equipment was located under the Escadinhas , in a space set aside for this purpose, under a vaulted ceiling. The lift is decorated in a Neo-Gothic style in iron. Since iron

640-611: The important zones of the city. To the north, towards the Rossio ( Praça D. Pedro IV and Avenida da Liberdade ); to the south, the ( Terreiro do Paço ) Praça do Comércio and the river zone; while in the upper zone, there is access to the Largo do Carmo , the Trindade , Church of São Roque and the Bairro Alto quarter. In addition, the panoramic views allow glimpses of the Castle of São Jorge ,

672-459: The lift has become a tourist attraction for Lisbon as, among the urban lifts in the city, Santa Justa is the only remaining vertical (conventional) one. Others, including Elevador da Glória and Elevador da Bica , are actually funicular railways, and the other lift constructed around the same time, the Elevator of São Julião , has since been demolished. The hills of Lisbon have always presented

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704-488: The modern civilization of his time. In 1883, 1886 and 1888, he ruled as Regent as his father was traveling in Europe, as had become traditional among the Portuguese constitutional kings. His father Luis I advised him to be modest and to study with focus. His first bridal candidate was one of the daughters of German Emperor Frederick III , but the issue of religion presented an insurmountable problem, and diplomatic pressure from

736-458: The offices of firm Empresa Industrial Portuguesa and was responsible for the workers in the Elevador de Santa Justa project. By the middle of the year, the land that would be the main site was already in movement, establishing the footings and equipment house (2 June of the same year). On 31 August 1901, King Carlos inaugurated the metal bridge and awning, in a ceremony that included members of

768-528: The royal family was returning to Lisbon from the Ducal Palace of Vila Viçosa in Alentejo , where they had spent part of the hunting season during the winter. The royal party traveled by train to Barreiro , from there taking a steamer to cross the Tagus River and disembarking at Cais do Sodré in central Lisbon. On their way to the royal palace, the open carriage containing Carlos I and his family passed through

800-483: The royal family, the members of the elevator company, Raoul Mesnier du Ponsard, and various members of the nobility and journalists. Its initial operation was delayed: the operating car was only inaugurated in 1902 in the presence of the managing director of the concessionary company, Dr. Silvestre de Almeida, accompanied by journalists and other invited guests, in a ceremony presided over by the Secretary-General of

832-417: The sides of the elevator, the walkway is articulated by means of bearings, as well as on the pillars, which is articulated at the base. The top floor is a lookout, with panoramic views of the city, while connections to the floors below are made (in addition to the elevator) by two spiral staircases, with different patterns on each storey. The main machinery was installed at the base of the Elevator, while at

864-424: The structure runs parallel to the Rua de Santa Justa . With a height of 45 metres, covering seven stories, the tower includes two elevator cabins, decorated in wood, mirrors and windows, and with an initial capacity for 24 passengers in each (updated to 29 people later). The structure includes a dozen transverse beams, forming a double lattice, supported at the top by foundations at the Escadinhas de Santa Justa. On

896-479: The title Santa Justa . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Santa_Justa&oldid=840512557 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Santa Justa Lift Since its construction

928-516: The younger son, Prince Manuel , was proclaimed king of Portugal. He was the last of the Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha dynasty and the final king of Portugal. Carlos I was married to Princess Amélie of Orléans in 1886. She was a daughter of Philippe, Count of Paris , and Princess Marie Isabelle of Orléans . Their children were: Allegedly, Carlos I had several extramarital relationships, from which some bastards were born. He may have had

960-524: Was a member of the House of Braganza . He had a brother, Infante Afonso, Duke of Porto . He was baptised with the names Carlos Fernando Luís Maria Víctor Miguel Rafael Gabriel Gonzaga Xavier Francisco de Assis José Simão . He had an intense education and was prepared to rule as a constitutional monarch. In 1883, he traveled to Italy, the United Kingdom, France and Germany, where he increased his knowledge of

992-439: Was a new building material at the time of its construction, it is symbolic of the technical and memorial construction from this period, representing the culture of the 1900s, when the structure and elevators were considered a major innovation and portent of a modern age. Carlos I of Portugal Dom Carlos I ( Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈkaɾluʃ] ; Charles ; 28 September 1863 – 1 February 1908), known as

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1024-505: Was signed between the Municipal Council of Lisbon and the Empresa do Elevador do Carmo (extinct in 1939), on which the working group was obligated to present a project for an elevator in a period of six months; planning on the construction had already begun with the Lisbon branch of the metal constructors Cardoso D'Argent & Cia. (founded in 1897), on Rua Da Junqueira. The founder, Manuel Cardoso, had already been placed in charge of

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