Misplaced Pages

#364635

20-542: Bordering districts are Bhojpur , Tehrathum , Dhankuta , Solukhumbu and Taplejung in Koshi Province . Tingri County of Shigatse Prefecture in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China borders to the north. The Arun River enters from Tibet at an elevation of about 3,500 meters (11,500 feet) and flows south across the district, forming one of the world's deepest valleys relative to 8,481 meter Makalu to

40-422: A Pancaratra text. According to legend, the bark was also used as clothing by attendants of Shiva . The bark is widely used for packaging material (particularly butter), roof construction, umbrella covers, bandages, and more. The wood is used for bridge construction, and the foliage for fodder. The most widespread use is for firewood, which has caused large areas of habitat to be eliminated or reduced. Parts of

60-576: A hill district, Bhojpur actually spans five of Nepal's eight climate zones . 3% of the district's area is below 300 meters elevation in the Lower Tropical zone and 31% is Upper Tropical from 300 to 1,000 meters. 50% of the land area belongs to the Subtropical Zone between 1,000 and 2,000 meters and 15% is Temperate (2,000 to 3,000 meters). 2% rises higher into the Subalpine Zone . Bhojpur

80-461: A location in the Sankhuwasabha District of Nepal is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Bhojpur District, Nepal Bhojpur District ( Nepali : भोजपुर जिल्ला [bʱod͡zpur] ) is one of 14 districts of Koshi Province of eastern Nepal . The district 's area is 1,507 km with a population of 182,459 (2011). The administrative center

100-670: Is Bhojpur . It is surrounded by Dhankuta and Sankhuwasabha in the east, Khotang in the west, again Sankhuwasabha in north-east, Solukhumbu in the north-west and Udayapur in the South. According to the District Coordination Committee Bhojpur, this place was named for the Himalayan birch ( Betula utilis ; Nepali भोजपत्र bhojpatra ), which was found here in large quantities. Pur means 'city'. Classified as

120-719: Is divided into two urban and seven rural municipalities: At the 2021 Nepal census , Bhojpur District had a population of 157,923. Bhojpur had a literacy rate of 78.9% and a sex ratio of 1,019 females per 1,000 males. 55,349 (35.05%) lived in urban areas. Ethnicity/caste of Bhojpur district (2021) Ethnicity/caste: 34.11% of the population were Rai , 17.66% Chhetri , 10.78% Tamang , 7.65% Newar , 4.94% Magar , 4.58% Bahun , 4.27% Kami , 2.70% Damai , 2.44% Sarki , 2.20% Kulung , 1.88% Bhujel and 1.76% Sherpa . Religion: 46.39% were Hindu , 36.29% Kirati , 16.04% Buddhist ,1.21% Christian and 0.07% others. Languages of Bhojpur district (2021) As their first language, 47.81% of

140-550: Is pink or light reddish brown. The bark of Himalayan birch was used centuries ago in India as a writing surface for manuscripts of Sanskrit literature, particularly in historical Kashmir . Its use as paper for books is mentioned by early Sanskrit writers Kalidasa (c. 4th century CE), Sushruta (c. 3rd century CE), and Varahamihira (6th century CE). In the late 19th century, Kashmiri pandits reported all of their books were written on Himalayan birch bark until Akbar introduced paper in

160-571: Is still used as paper for the writing of mantras, with the bark placed in an amulet and worn for protection. Selected varieties are used for landscaping throughout the world, even while some areas of its native habitat are being lost due to overuse of the tree for firewood. Betula utilis was described and named by botanist David Don in his Prodromus Florae Nepalensis (1825), from specimens collected by Nathaniel Wallich in Nepal in 1820. Betula jacquemontii ( Spach ), first described and named in 1841,

180-533: The Himalayan birch ( bhojpatra , Sanskrit : भूर्ज bhūrjá ), is a deciduous tree native to the Western Himalayas , growing at elevations up to 4,500 m (14,800 ft). The Latin specific epithet utilis means "useful", and refers to the many uses of the different parts of the tree. The white, paper-like bark was used in ancient times as a writing surface for manuscripts of Sanskrit literature. It

200-459: The 16th century. The Sanskrit word for the tree is bhûrja —sharing a similarity with other Indo-European words that provide the origin for the common name "birch". The bark is still used for writing sacred mantras , which are placed in an amulet and worn around the neck for protection or blessing. This practice was mentioned as early as the 8th or 9th century CE, in the Lakshmi Tantra,

220-510: The female flowers. Fruits ripen in September–October. The thin, papery bark is very shiny, reddish brown, reddish white, or white, with horizontal lenticels . The bark peels off in broad, horizontal belts, making it very usable for creating even large pages for texts. A fungal growth, locally called bhurja-granthi , forms black lumps on the tree weighing up to 1 kg. The wood is very hard and heavy, and quite brittle. The heartwood

SECTION 10

#1732876870365

240-658: The majority in the district at 63%. The district has many Rai peoples such as the Kulung , Limbu, Yamphu and Yakkha. The Tamang are the largest Janjati group, making up nearly 10% of the population, while related peoples such as the Sherpa and Bhote were another 10% of the population. Chhetri are 17%, Bahun 4% and Khas Dalit groups are 8% of the population. Religion: 40.42% were Hindu , 28.84% Kirati , 26.74% Buddhist , 3.21% Christian , 0.45% Bon and 0.07% others. Languages of Sankhuwasabha district (2021) As their first language, 44.11% of

260-451: The monsoon rains. They often have very bent growth due to the pressure of the deep winter snow in the Himalaya. Leaves are ovate, 5 to 10 cm (2.0 to 3.9 in) long, with serrated margins, and slightly hairy. Flowering occurs from May–July, with only a few male catkins , and short, single (sometimes paired) female catkins. The perianth has four parts in male flowers, and is absent in

280-475: The plant, including the fungal growth ( bhurja-granthi ) have also long been used in local traditional medicine. Deforestation due to overuse of the tree has caused loss of habitat for many native groves of B. utilis (locally called bhojpatra in the Indian Himalaya). The first high-altitude bhojpatra nursery was established in 1993 at Chirbasa, just above Gangotri , where many Hindus go on pilgrimage to

300-520: The population spoke Nepali , 20.04% Bantawa , 7.48% Tamang , 3.52% Magar , 3.29% Newari , 2.90% Kulung , 2.69% Dungmali , 2.19% Sampang , 1.86% Rai , 1.50% Sherpa , 1.49% Chamling . In 2011, 49.08% of the population spoke Nepali as their first language. The district was affected by an earthquake on 25 April 2015 . 27°10′21″N 87°02′53″E  /  27.17250°N 87.04806°E  / 27.17250; 87.04806 Betula utilis B. bhojpatra Wall. Betula utilis ,

320-480: The population spoke Nepali , 9.62% Tamang , 6.86% Kulung , 5.52% Sherpa , 4.83% Limbu , 3.87% Yamphu , 3.10% Rai , 3.09% Yakkha , 2.83% Magar Dhut , 2.50% Bhote and 2.30% Gurung as their first language. In 2011, 46.1% of the population spoke Nepali as their first language. Sankhuwasabha District is divided into the following subdivisions: 27°22′N 87°13′E  /  27.367°N 87.217°E  / 27.367; 87.217 This article about

340-538: The source of the sacred Ganges river. Harshvanti Bisht, a Himalayan mountaineer, established the first nursery and continues to expand the reforestation of bhojpatra in the Gangotri area and inside Gangotri National Park . About 12,500 bhojpatra saplings had been planted in the area by the year 2000. In recent years, attempts have been made to ban the collection of bhojpatra trees in the Gangotri area. Many named varieties and cultivars are used in landscaping throughout

360-425: The west and 8,586 meter Kangchenjunga to the east. At the 2021 Nepal census , Sankhuwasabha District had 39,118 households and a population of 158,041. 7.55% of the population was under 5 years of age. Sankhuawsabha had a literacy rate of 79.89% and a sex ratio of 986 females per 1,000 males. 108,038 (68.36%) lived in urban areas. Ethnicity/caste of Sankhuwasabha district (2021) Ethnicity/caste: Janjatis make up

380-469: The world. In the eastern end of the tree's native distribution, several forms have orange- or copper-colored bark. Betula utilis var. jacquemontii , from the western end of the native habitat, is widely used because several cultivars have especially white bark. The following have gained the Royal Horticultural Society 's Award of Garden Merit :- The bark of 'Wakehurst Place Chocolate', as

400-417: Was later found to be a variety of B. utilis , and is now Betula utilis var. jacquemontii . In its native habitat, B. utilis tends to form forests, growing as a shrub or tree reaching up to 20 m (66 ft) tall. It frequently grows among scattered conifers, with an undergrowth of shrubs that typically includes evergreen Rhododendron . The tree depends on moisture from snowmelt, rather than from

#364635