Sanbo ( 三方 , Sanbō ) is a stand used in Shinto rituals to place shinsen . In ancient times, it was also used to present objects to a noble person. The same type of stand is also used in temples, but in this case it is sometimes written sampo , which stands for Three Treasures ( Sangha , Dharma , Buddha ).
16-470: Usually made of cypress or other wood, it has a rectangular base (body) attached to a tray called an oshiki. It is called "sanpō" (three-way) because there are holes called kurikata in three directions on the base. Originally, the ori-shiki and the stand were separated and the ori-shiki was placed on the stand when used, and sometimes the ori-shiki was used alone without the stand. Today, the folded mat and stand are completely combined, and those used only with
32-436: A role as antifeedants in the defense of seeds and plants against herbivores . Lignans and lignin differ in their molecular weight, the former being small and soluble in water, the latter being high polymers that are undigestable. Both are polyphenolic substances derived by oxidative coupling of monolignols . Thus, most lignans feature a C 18 cores, resulting from the dimerization of C 9 precursors. The coupling of
48-502: A variety of this species (as Chamaecyparis obtusa var. formosana ) or as a separate species Chamaecyparis taiwanensis ; it differs in having smaller cones (6–9 mm diameter) with smaller scales, and leaves with a more acute apex. It is grown for its very high-quality timber in Japan, where it is used as a material for building palaces , temples , shrines, traditional noh theatres, baths, table tennis blades and masu . The wood
64-432: A white stomatal band at the base of each scale-leaf. The cones are globose, 8–12 mm (0.31–0.47 in) in diameter, with 8–12 scales arranged in opposite pairs. The plant is widespread in Japan. The related Chamaecyparis pisifera (sawara cypress) can be readily distinguished in its having pointed tips to the leaves and smaller cones. A similar cypress found on Taiwan is treated by different botanists as either
80-508: A wide range of chemical compounds, including but not limited to the following: sabinene , elemol, myrcene , limonene , terpinen-4-ol , eudesmols, α-terpinyl acetate, α-terpinolene , α- terpineol , 3-carene , α-pinene , γ- terpinene , camphene , bornyl acetate , 1-methyladamantane, cuminol, eucarvone, 2-cyclopenten-1-one , 3,4-dimethyl-, 1,3-dimethyl-1-cyclohexene, calamenene, τ-muurolol, borneol , α-cadinol , β-thujaplicin . Some of these compounds are fragrances or intermediates used in
96-420: Is secoisolariciresinol diglucoside . Other foods containing lignans include cereals ( rye , wheat , oat and barley ), soybeans , tofu , cruciferous vegetables , such as broccoli and cabbage , and some fruits, particularly apricots and strawberries . Lignans are not present in seed oil , and their contents in whole or ground seeds may vary according to geographic location, climate, and maturity of
112-575: Is a species of cypress native to central Japan in East Asia , and widely cultivated in the temperate northern hemisphere for its high-quality timber and ornamental qualities, with many cultivars commercially available. It is a slow-growing tree which may reach 35 m (115 ft) tall with a trunk up to 1 m (3 ft 3 in) in diameter. The bark is dark red-brown. The leaves are scale-like, 2–4 mm (0.079–0.157 in) long, blunt tipped (obtuse), green above, and green below with
128-522: Is also often grown as bonsai . Over 200 cultivars have been selected, varying in size from trees as large as the wild species, down to very slow-growing dwarf plants under 30 cm (12 in) high. A few of the best known are listed below. Those marked agm have gained the Royal Horticultural Society 's Award of Garden Merit (confirmed 2017). The lignans chamaecypanones A and B, obtulignolide, and isootobanone can be found in
144-656: Is lemon-scented, light pinkish-brown, with a rich, straight grain, and is highly rot-resistant. For example, Horyuji Temple and Osaka Castle are built from hinoki wood. The hinoki grown in Kiso , used for building Ise Shrine , are called 御神木 go-shin-boku , or "divine trees". It is also a popular ornamental tree in parks and gardens, both in Japan and elsewhere in temperate climates, including western Europe and parts of North America. A large number of cultivars have been selected for garden planting, including dwarf forms, forms with yellow leaves, and forms with congested foliage. It
160-517: Is the leading source of allergic pollen in Japan and a major cause of hay fever in Japan . [REDACTED] Media related to Chamaecyparis obtusa at Wikimedia Commons New World Species : Lignan The lignans are a large group of low molecular weight polyphenols found in plants , particularly seeds , whole grains , and vegetables. The name derives from the Latin word for "wood". Lignans are precursors to phytoestrogens . They may play
176-405: The folded mat are prepared separately from the three sides of the mat. There are no rules for the design of the holes in the stand, but the giboshi shape is often used. The folded cloth has a binding to hold the edge board in place, which is made so that the side without holes is the opposite side. When offering to the gods, the side without the hole (the side opposite the binding) should face
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#1732880470021192-479: The fragrance industry. Thus, the C. obtusa essential oil is used in perfumery and personal care products, such as soaps, shampoos, cosmetics. Hinoki wood is used as a traditional Japanese stick incense for its light, earthy aroma. Essential oil distilled from its wood is uniquely scented and highly valued. Hinoki pollen can cause pollinosis , a specific type of allergic rhinitis . Chamaecyparis obtusa , along with Cryptomeria japonica (sugi, Japanese cedar),
208-521: The gods. When holding the three sides of the bowl with the food offerings on it, the thumbs should be placed on the right and left edges, and the other fingers should be placed on the orihiki and the stand, holding the bowl at eye level. However, in the court etiquette, the fingers are traditionally placed inside the oriziki. Chamaecyparis obtusa Chamaecyparis obtusa var. formosana Chamaecyparis obtusa ( Japanese cypress , hinoki cypress or hinoki ; Japanese : 檜 or 桧 , hinoki )
224-442: The heartwood of Chamaecyparis obtusa var. formosana . The biflavones sciadopitysin, ginkgetin, isoginkgetin, podocarpusflavone B, 7,7''- O -dimethylamentoflavone, bilobetin, podocarpusflavone A, 7- O -methylamentoflavone, amentoflavone , hinokinin and hinokiflavone have been confirmed in the leaves of the plant. Chamaecydin was first discovered in the seeds of C. obtusa . The essential oil of Chamaecyparis obtusa contains
240-413: The lignols occurs at C8. Eight classes of lignans are: "furofuran, furan, dibenzylbutane, dibenzylbutyrolactone, aryltetralin, arylnaphthalene, dibenzocyclooctadiene, and dibenzylbutyrolactol." Many lignans are metabolized by mammalian gut microflora, producing so-called enterolignans . Flax seeds and sesame seeds contain high levels of lignans. The principal lignan precursor found in flaxseeds
256-730: The seed crop, and the duration of seed storage. Secoisolariciresinol and matairesinol were the first plant lignans identified in foods. Typically, lariciresinol and pinoresinol contribute about 75% to the total lignan intake, whereas secoisolariciresinol and matairesinol contribute only about 25%. Foods containing lignans: Lignans are the principal source of dietary phytoestrogens in typical Western diets , even though most research on phytoestrogen-rich diets has focused on soy isoflavones . Lignan's enterolignan products enterodiol and enterolactone have weak estrogenic activity, but they may also exert biological effects through non-estrogenic means. A 2021 review found that lignans have
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