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55-615: San Antonio Abad may refer to Anthony the Great (251–356), or San Antonio Abad, a Christian monk and saint from Egypt San Antonio Abad, Cartagena , a district in Cartagena, Spain San Antonio Abad metro station , a Mexico City Metro station San Antonio Abad National University in Cusco , a public university in Cusco, Peru Fort San Antonio Abad ,

110-404: A bright light flashed, and the demons ran away. Anthony knew that the light must have come from God, and he asked God where he was before when the demons attacked him. God replied, "I was here but I would see and abide to see thy battle, and because thou hast mainly fought and well maintained thy battle, I shall make thy name to be spread through all the world." Anthony had been secretly buried on

165-411: A church to house the remains, but died before the church was even started. The building was finally erected in 1297 and became a centre of veneration and pilgrimage, known as Saint-Antoine-l'Abbaye . Anthony is credited with assisting in a number of miraculous healings, primarily from ergotism , which became known as "St. Anthony's Fire". Two local noblemen credited his assistance in their recovery from

220-448: A day and sometimes fasted through two or four days. According to Athanasius , the devil fought Anthony by afflicting him with boredom, laziness, and the phantoms of women, which he overcame by the power of prayer, providing a theme for Christian art . After that, he moved to one of the tombs near his native village. There it was that the Life records those strange conflicts with demons in

275-503: A fortification in the Malate district of the City of Manila, Philippines See also [ edit ] Antonio Abad Sant'Antonio (disambiguation) Sant'Antonio Abate (disambiguation) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title San Antonio Abad . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change

330-539: A grave next to his cell. Accounts of Anthony enduring preternatural temptation during his sojourn in the Eastern Desert of Egypt inspired the often-repeated subject of the temptation of St. Anthony in Western art and literature. Anthony is said to have faced a series of preternatural temptations during his pilgrimage to the desert. The first to report on the temptation was his contemporary Athanasius of Alexandria . It

385-524: A hostile or unfriendly God, whom we need to manipulate to get what we need. Such is not the meaning of the hapax legomenon in the New Testament of the word for intercession. Sullivan goes on: When we ask a saint to intercede for us, what is happening at a deeper level is that we are taking refuge in the all-enfolding community of the redeemed, approaching God thru saintly symbols of Christ's victory and of our hope. Saints want always what God wants, what

440-470: A pile of gold coins that was also a temptation from the devil. Anthony cast the gold into a fire, and gold coins immediately disappeared just like the silver one. After these two events, he had a vision where the whole world was covered with snares and traps. Anthony prayed saying, "Oh good Lord, who may escape from these snares?” He was responded to by a voice that said, "Humility shall escape them without more." Being an ascetic, Anthony went out to live in

495-408: A primordial landscape, has an absolute connection to the divine truth, which is always in harmony with that of Athanasius as the biographer. A continuation of the genre of secular Greek biography , it became his most widely read work. Sometime before 374 it was translated into Latin by Evagrius of Antioch . The Latin translation helped the Life become one of the best-known works of literature in

550-631: A saint "we take refuge in faith in the all-enfolding community of all the redeemed," where "each is responsible for all". They are "creative models of holiness". Although the idea of intercession or mediation (Arabic: s̲h̲afāʿa ) has historically played a very prominent role in Islamic thought, it is not universally accepted by all Muslims in the present day. The Quran says that the pre-Islamic Arab pagan gods will not be able to intercede with God on behalf of humankind, and that "the guilty" ( al-mujrimīn , Q74:41 ) will not benefit from any intercession on

605-595: A stronger bond between him and God. Prof. Dr Johannes van Oort, Professor Extraordinarius in the Department of Church History and Church Polity of the Faculty of Theology at the University of Pretoria, South Africa, adds that, in addition to praying for wisdom, the early church was very much involved with different charismas , one of which being healing. Praying for other people's illnesses was another way that intercessory prayer

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660-487: A type of polytheism, in a manner akin to the attitude of many Protestants towards the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox practice of saint-intercession. Some religions claim that praying for somebody who is sick can have positive effects on the health of the person being prayed for. Meta-studies of the literature in the field have been performed showing evidence only for no effect or a potentially small effect. For instance,

715-467: Is invoked against infectious diseases, particularly skin diseases. In the past, many such afflictions, including ergotism , erysipelas , and shingles , were referred to as Saint Anthony's fire . Most of what is known about Anthony comes from the Life of Anthony . Written in Greek c.  360 by Athanasius of Alexandria , it depicts Anthony as an illiterate and holy man who, through his existence in

770-615: Is also known as the Father of All Monks . His feast day is celebrated on 17 January among the Eastern Orthodox and Catholic churches and on Tobi  22 in the Coptic calendar . The biography of Anthony's life by Athanasius of Alexandria helped to spread the concept of Christian monasticism , particularly in Western Europe via its Latin translations. He is often erroneously considered

825-487: Is best for us whether we pray for it or not. They are in a perpetual attitude of praise for God’s love and care, to which we join ourselves, praying, more precisely, with them rather than to them. The value of our petitions is that they turn us in confidence toward the God who loves us, allowing God’s work to be more effective in us, and thru us in others. It would be anathema to ask God to try any harder to do good. By invocation of

880-951: Is our true life, has the power of [effecting] this". Throughout all of Ignatius's letters, the word for prayers of intercession appears nineteen times, and Ignatius asks for prayer "for himself (eight times), for the Christian church in Syria (seven times), for persecutors, heretics, and all people generally (once each)". St. Ignatius and the other church fathers, such as Paul the Apostle , who were keen on intercessory prayer based this practice on Jesus' own teachings which required that one pray for others, especially one's enemies: But to you who are listening I say: Love your enemies, do good to those who hate you, bless those who curse you, pray for those who mistreat you. According to Lionel Swain, of St. Edmund's College, Ware , St. Paul believed intercession to be one of

935-836: Is possible these events, like the paintings, are full of rich metaphor or in the case of the animals of the desert, perhaps a vision or dream. Emphasis on these stories, however, did not really begin until the Middle Ages when the psychology of the individual became of greater interest. Some of the stories included in Anthony's biography are perpetuated now mostly in paintings, where they give an opportunity for artists to depict their more lurid or bizarre interpretations. Many artists, including Martin Schongauer , Hieronymus Bosch , Joos van Craesbeeck, Dorothea Tanning , Max Ernst , Leonora Carrington and Salvador Dalí , have depicted these incidents from

990-507: Is said to have spoken to those of a spiritual disposition, leaving the task of addressing the more worldly visitors to Macarius. Macarius later founded a monastic community in the Scetic desert. The fame of Anthony spread and reached Emperor Constantine , who wrote to him requesting his prayers. The brethren were pleased with the Emperor's letter, but Anthony was not overawed and wrote back exhorting

1045-691: The Sayings of the Desert Fathers . Anthony probably spoke only his native language, Coptic , but his sayings were spread in a Greek translation. He himself dictated letters in Coptic, seven of which are extant. Anthony was born in Koma in Lower Egypt to wealthy landowner parents. When he was about 20 years old, his parents died and left him with the care of his unmarried sister. Shortly thereafter, he decided to follow

1100-625: The Day of Judgment . Other passages that deny the efficacy intercession include Q32:4 & Q39:44 . Still others say that God is the only intercessor ( Q6:51 , Q6:70 ; Q32:4 ; Q39:44 ). However, "intercession is mentioned in the Qurʾān with respect to angels praying for the believers and the Prophet praying for erring but repentant Muslims." Furthermore, it became an orthodox Islamic doctrine or "cardinal belief" that "Muḥammad will intercede for all Muslims on

1155-404: The Day of Resurrection ." While this particular tenet practically remained unchallenged throughout Islamic history, the widespread Sunni and Shia practice of asking deceased prophets and saints for intercession by praying at their tombs have become contentious issues in the modern Islamic world, with all these different types of intercession often being labelled by Salafi / Wahhabi Muslims as

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1210-464: The Jewish philosopher Philo of Alexandria in the 1st century AD as long established in the harsh environment of Lake Mareotis and in other less accessible regions. Philo opined that "this class of persons may be met with in many places, for both Greece and barbarian countries want to enjoy whatever is perfectly good." Christian ascetics such as Thecla had likewise retreated to isolated locations at

1265-419: The Life . In 338, he left the desert temporarily to visit Alexandria to help refute the teachings of Arius . When Anthony sensed his death approaching, he commanded his disciples to give his staff to Macarius of Egypt , and to give one sheepskin cloak to Athanasius of Alexandria and the other sheepskin cloak to Serapion of Thmuis , his disciple. Anthony was interred, according to his instructions, in

1320-696: The Middle Ages , Anthony, along with Quirinus of Neuss , Cornelius and Hubertus , was venerated as one of the Four Holy Marshals ( Vier Marschälle Gottes ) in the Rhineland . Anthony is remembered in the Anglican Communion with a Lesser Festival on 17 January. Though Anthony himself did not organize or create a monastery, a community grew around him based on his example of living an ascetic and isolated life. Athanasius' biography helped propagate Anthony's ideals. Athanasius writes, "For monks,

1375-513: The 3rd century AD, such as from Origen and Clement of Alexandria . In addition to praying for each other in life, early Christians would pray for those who had died. There is no unequivocal evidence that Christians began to pray for the dead before the third century AD. G. F. Hamilton argues that the earliest example of Church prayer on behalf of dead Christians is found in the Sacramentary of Serapion of Thmuis (350 AD). Rather than pray for

1430-663: The Christian world, a status it would hold through the Middle Ages . Translated into several languages, it became something of a "best seller" in its day and played an important role in the spreading of the ascetic ideal in Eastern and Western Christianity. It later served as an inspiration to Christian monastics in both the East and the West, and helped to spread the concept of Christian monasticism, particularly in Western Europe via its Latin translations. Many stories are also told about Anthony in

1485-439: The Emperor and his sons not to esteem this world but remember the next. The stories of the meeting of Anthony and Paul of Thebes , the raven who brought them bread, Anthony being sent to fetch the cloak given him by "Athanasius the bishop" to bury Paul's body in, and Paul's death before he returned, are among the familiar legends of the Life . However, belief in the existence of Paul seems to have existed quite independently of

1540-603: The area, spending the first years as the disciple of another local hermit . There are various legends that he worked as a swineherd during this period. According to the Temptation of Saint Anthony (1878) by Félicien Rops : Anthony is sometimes considered the first monk, and the first to initiate solitary desertification, but there were others before him. There were already ascetic hermits (the Therapeutae ), and loosely organized cenobitic communities were described by

1595-474: The city of Alexandria for worshipping monsters instead of God while beasts like the satyr spoke about Christ. Another time Anthony was travelling and found a plate of silver coins in his path. Since he was in the middle of the desert, where it didn't make any sense for anyone to be there, he declared that the silver was a temptation from the devil. Immediately after Anthony's declaration, the silver vanished. Soon, after walking some more in that desert, he found

1650-539: The dead faithful were rejoiced over.   In an article in Theological Studies , Catholic theologian Patricia A. Sullivan warns that saints should not be built up in a way that brings down God. Saint Augustine had famously said that we pray not to instruct God but to get our will in line with God's. Sullivan warns away from the dictionary meanings of "intercession" as “intervention, mediation, arbitration, negotiation”, all of which sound like we are dealing with

1705-441: The departed in regular church services on Sunday, these early Christians would hold special commemorative occasions during the week. There was a sharp distinction drawn between remembering and praying on behalf of the dead, and those who were the " 'faithfully' departed", where Christians would only pray for those who had died as believers. The First Epistle of Clement (95 AD) contains a prayer which, while mainly for protection for

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1760-515: The desert to find his "better", Paul. On his way there, he ran into two creatures in the forms of a centaur and a satyr . Although chroniclers sometimes postulated that they might have been living beings, Western theology considers them to have been demons . While traveling through the desert, Anthony first found the centaur, a "creature of mingled shape, half horse half-man", whom he asked about directions. The creature tried to speak in an unintelligible language, but ultimately pointed with his hand

1815-475: The desert whom the Gentiles, deluded by various forms of error, worship under the names of Fauns , Satyrs , and Incubi . I am sent to represent my tribe. We pray you in our behalf to entreat the favor of your Lord and ours, who, we have learnt, came once to save the world, and 'whose sound has gone forth into all the earth.'" Upon hearing this, Anthony was overjoyed and rejoiced over the glory of Christ. He condemned

1870-593: The disease. They then founded the Hospital Brothers of St. Anthony in honor of him, who specialized in nursing the victims of skin diseases. He is venerated especially by the Order of Saint Paul the First Hermit for his close association with St. Paul of Thebes , after whom they take their name. In the Life of St. Paul the First Hermit , by St. Jerome, it is recorded that it was St. Anthony that found St. Paul towards

1925-467: The end of his life and without whom it is doubtful he would be known. Veneration of Anthony in the East is more restrained. There are comparatively few icons and paintings of him. He is, however, regarded as the "first master of the desert and the pinnacle of holy monks", and there are monastic communities of the Maronite, Chaldean, and Orthodox churches which state that they follow his monastic rule. During

1980-497: The first Christian monk, but as his biography and other sources make clear, there were many ascetics before him. Anthony was, however, among the first known to go into the wilderness (about AD 270), which seems to have contributed to his renown. Accounts of Anthony enduring supernatural temptation during his sojourn in the Eastern Desert of Egypt inspired the depiction of his temptations in visual art and literature. Anthony

2035-482: The gospel exhortation in Matthew 19 : 21, "If you want to be perfect, go, sell what you have and give to the poor, and you will have treasures in heaven." Anthony gave away some of his family's lands to his neighbors, sold the remaining property, and donated the funds to the poor. He then left to live an ascetic life, placing his sister with a group of Christian virgins . For the next fifteen years, Anthony remained in

2090-585: The letters by Anthony. During the 3rd and 4th centuries, many ecclesiastics and monks wrote in Coptic. Intercession The Apostle Paul 's exhortation to Timothy specified that intercession prayers should be made for all people. I urge, then, first of all, that petitions, prayers, intercession and thanksgiving be made for all people—for kings and all those in authority, that we may live peaceful and quiet lives in all godliness and holiness. The early Christians continued to practice intercessory prayer on behalf of others after Jesus' death. Ignatius of Antioch

2145-466: The life of Anthony is a sufficient example of asceticism . His story influenced the conversion of Augustine of Hippo and John Chrysostom . Examples of purely Coptic literature are the works of Anthony and Pachomius , who spoke only Coptic, and the sermons and preaching of Shenouda the Archmandrite , who chose to write only in Coptic. The earliest original writings in the Coptic language were

2200-455: The life of Anthony; in prose, the tale was retold and embellished by Gustave Flaubert in The Temptation of Saint Anthony . Anthony was on a journey in the desert to find Paul of Thebes , who according to his dream was a better Hermit than he. Anthony had been under the impression that he was the first person to ever dwell in the desert; however, due to the dream, Anthony was called into

2255-624: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=San_Antonio_Abad&oldid=1137494458 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Anthony the Great Anthony the Great ( Ancient Greek : Ἀντώνιος Antṓnios ; Arabic : القديس أنطونيوس الكبير ; Latin : Antonius ; Coptic : Ⲁⲃⲃⲁ Ⲁⲛⲧⲱⲛⲓ ; c.  12 January 251 – 17 January 356)

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2310-498: The living, also includes the dead. Even quite early, a distinction was drawn between those who had died as Christians, and those who had died as unbelievers. In the Martyrdom of Polycarp (155 AD), Polycarp is killed and his bones are taken by fellow Christians and a shrine is set up to him, where they may remember his martyrdom . In contrast, the " Apology of Aristides " shows how those who were not Christians were grieved for, while

2365-474: The monastery that bears his name, Der Mar Antonios . Here he spent the last forty-five years of his life, in a seclusion, not so strict as Pispir, for he freely saw those who came to visit him, and he used to cross the desert to Pispir with considerable frequency. Amid the Diocletian Persecutions , around 311 Anthony went to Alexandria and was conspicuous visiting those who were imprisoned. Anthony

2420-450: The most important aspects of faith and praying life, as praying for others is a recurring theme in his works. Prayer acts as a way for St. Paul to acknowledge God's power. Intercessory prayer also acts as a way for the Apostle to "share in ... the Father's redemptive love". Paul believed that prayer transformed the person doing the praying, as much as the one being prayed for, which creates

2475-586: The mountaintop where he had chosen to live. His remains were reportedly discovered in 361 and transferred to Alexandria . Some time later, they were taken from Alexandria to Constantinople , so that they might escape the destruction being perpetrated by invading Saracens . In the eleventh century, the Byzantine emperor gave them to the French Count Jocelin. Jocelin had them transferred to La-Motte-Saint-Didier, later renamed. There, Jocelin undertook to build

2530-560: The outskirts of cities. Anthony is notable for having decided to surpass this tradition and headed out into the desert proper. He left for the alkaline Nitrian Desert (later the location of the noted monasteries of Nitria , Kellia , and Scetis ) on the edge of the Western Desert about 95 km (59 mi) west of Alexandria . He remained there for 13 years. Anthony maintained a very strict ascetic diet. He ate only bread, salt and water and never meat or wine. He ate at most only once

2585-494: The shape of wild beasts, who inflicted blows upon him, and sometimes left him nearly dead. After fifteen years of this life, at the age of thirty-five, Anthony determined to withdraw from the habitations of men and retire in absolute solitude. He went into the desert to a mountain by the Nile called Pispir (now Der-el-Memun), opposite Arsinoë . There he lived strictly enclosed in an old abandoned Roman fort for some 20 years. Food

2640-506: The surprise of all, he appeared to be not emaciated, but healthy in mind and body. For five or six years he devoted himself to the instruction and organization of the great body of monks that had grown up around him; but then he once again withdrew into the inner desert that lay between the Nile and the Red Sea, near the shore of which he fixed his abode on a mountain ( Mount Colzim ) where still stands

2695-454: The tombs away from the village. There were so many demons in the cave though, that Anthony's servant had to carry him out because they had beaten him to death. When the hermits were gathered to Anthony's corpse to mourn his death, Anthony was revived. He demanded that his servants take him back to that cave where the demons had beaten him. When he got there he called out to the demons, and they came back as wild beasts to rip him to shreds. Suddenly

2750-438: The way desired, and then ran away and vanished from sight. It was interpreted as a demon trying to terrify him, or alternately a creature engendered by the desert. Anthony found next the satyr, "a manikin with hooked snout, horned forehead, and extremities like goats's feet." This creature was peaceful and offered him fruits, and when Anthony asked who he was, the satyr replied, "I'm a mortal being and one of those inhabitants of

2805-669: Was a Christian monk from Egypt, revered since his death as a saint. He is distinguished from other saints named Anthony , such as Anthony of Padua , by various epithets: Anthony of Egypt , Anthony the Abbot , Anthony of the Desert , Anthony the Anchorite , Anthony the Hermit , and Anthony of Thebes . For his importance among the Desert Fathers and to all later Christian monasticism , he

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2860-703: Was important in the early church, as healing was a sign of "the power of God's Kingdom". This gift of healing is specifically mentioned, among the other charismata, as a sign of being a true Christian by Irenaeus of Lyons in his text, Against Heresies . Intercession of the saints is a doctrine held by the Eastern Orthodox , Oriental Orthodox , and Roman Catholic churches, as well as by some Lutheran and Anglican churches (chiefly those of Evangelical Catholic or Anglo-Catholic churchmanship, respectively). It teaches that saints may be asked to intercede (or pray ) for others. The doctrine of requesting intercession from saints can be found in Christian writings from

2915-475: Was not the first ascetic or hermit, but he may properly be called the "Father of Monasticism" in Christianity, as he organized his disciples into a community and later, following the spread of Athanasius's hagiography, was the inspiration for similar communities throughout Egypt and elsewhere. Macarius the Great was a disciple of Anthony. Visitors traveled great distances to see the celebrated holy man. Anthony

2970-465: Was one man who exhorted Christians to continue to pray for others, and especially for those who became Docetists or held other heretical beliefs. In his letter to the churches of Smyrna , St. Ignatius exhorts the Christians there to pray for other people: "only you must pray to God for them, if by any means they may be brought to repentance, which, however, will be very difficult. Yet Jesus Christ, who

3025-417: Was thrown to him over the wall. He was at times visited by pilgrims, whom he refused to see; but gradually a number of would-be disciples established themselves in caves and in huts around the mountain. Thus, a colony of ascetics was formed, who begged Anthony to come forth and be their guide in the spiritual life. Eventually, he yielded to their importunities and, about the year 305, emerged from his retreat. To

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