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30-682: The Safe Sport Authorization Act requires Olympic governing bodies and amateur sports organizations to report sex abuse allegations immediately to local or federal law enforcement , or a child welfare agency designated by the US Justice Department . It further gives the United States Center for SafeSport the responsibility of ensuring that aspiring U.S. Olympic athletes can report allegations of abuse to it as an independent and non-conflicted entity for investigation and resolution, and to make sure that all national governing bodies follow

60-456: A law enforcement agency nor a legal body of the U.S. judiciary , instead being a sports investigative body; however, it can forward its investigations to state and federal courts, which in turn can impose criminal penalties on the defendants. Sex abuse Sexual abuse or sex abuse is abusive sexual behavior by one person upon another. It is often perpetrated using physical force, or by taking advantage of another. Sexual abuse

90-473: A boyfriend or romantic partner in a sexual context and then proceed to euphemistically describe bad experiences. The use of such code language can also lead to confusion and embarrassment for those who are unfamiliar with the intended meaning. Sexual abuse has been identified among animals as well, for example, among the Adélie penguins . Pejorative A pejorative word, phrase, slur , or derogatory term

120-418: A child to sexually stimulate any of the involved. The use of a child for sexual stimulation is referred to as child sexual abuse and, for pubescent or post-pubescent individuals younger than the age of consent , statutory rape . Sexual abuse can be perpetrated against other vulnerable populations like the elderly, a form of elder abuse , or those with developmental disabilities . Spousal sexual abuse

150-474: A family member is a form of incest , which can result in severe long-term psychological trauma , especially in the case of parental incest. Globally, approximately 18–19% of women and 8% of men disclose being sexually abused during their childhood. The gender gap may be caused by higher victimization of girls, lower willingness of men to disclose abuse, or both. Most sexual abuse offenders are acquainted with their victims; approximately 30% are relatives of

180-552: A living victim of sexual abuse or assault. For example, there are the Survivors Network of those Abused by Priests and The Survivors Trust . Sexual misconduct can occur where one person uses a position of authority to compel another person to engage in an otherwise unwanted sexual activity. For example, sexual harassment in the workplace might involve an employee being coerced into a sexual situation out of fear of being dismissed. Sexual harassment in education might involve

210-621: A number of Hispanic victims were included in the settlement of a massive sexual abuse case involving the Los Angeles archdiocese of the Catholic Church . A qualitative study by Kim et al. discusses the experiences of sexual abuse in the US population of Mexican immigrant women, citing immigration, acculturation, and several other social elements as risk factors for abuse. Captive breeding activities are sometimes described as sexual abuse. People for

240-638: A primary or exclusive sexual interest in prepubescent children. People with developmental disabilities are often victims of sexual abuse. According to research, people with disabilities are at a greater risk for victimization of sexual assault or sexual abuse because of lack of understanding (Sobsey & Varnhagen, 1989). Elderly people, especially those with dementia, can be at risk of abuse. There were over 6,000 "safeguarding concerns and alerts" at UK care homes from 2013 to 2015. These included alleged inappropriate touching and worse allegations. Offenders were most often other residents but staff also offended. It

270-408: A single concept, leaping from word to word in a phenomenon known as the euphemism treadmill , for example as in the successive pejoration of the terms bog-house , privy-house , latrine , water closet , toilet , bathroom , and restroom (US English). When a term begins as pejorative and eventually is adopted in a non-pejorative sense, this is called melioration or amelioration . One example

300-590: A student submitting to the sexual advances of a person in authority in fear of being punished, for example by being given a failing grade. Several sexual abuse scandals have involved religious abuse or religious settings and often cover-up among non-abusers, including cases in the Southern Baptist Convention , Catholic Church , Episcopalian religion, Islam , Jehovah's Witnesses , Lutheran church, Methodist Church, Anabaptist/Mennonite Church , The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints ,

330-449: Is a word or grammatical form expressing a negative or disrespectful connotation, a low opinion, or a lack of respect toward someone or something. It is also used to express criticism , hostility , or disregard. Sometimes, a term is regarded as pejorative in some social or ethnic groups but not in others or may be originally pejorative but later adopt a non-pejorative sense (or vice versa ) in some or all contexts. The word pejorative

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360-412: Is a form of domestic violence . When the abuse involves threats of unwanted sexual contact or forced sex by a woman's husband or ex-husband, it may constitute rape , depending on the jurisdiction, and may also constitute an assault. Child sexual abuse is a form of child abuse in which a child is abused for the sexual gratification of an adult or older adolescent. It includes direct sexual contact ,

390-544: Is a risk factor for attempting suicide. Additionally, some studies have shown childhood sexual abuse to be a risk factor of the perpetration of intimate partner violence in men. Much of the harm caused to victims becomes apparent years after the abuse happens. With specific regard to addiction, a study by Reiger et al. supports previous findings that adverse life events increase sensitivity to drug rewards and bolster drug reward signaling by exposing an association between heightened limbic response to cocaine cues. Sexual abuse by

420-458: Is a term used for a persistent pattern of sexual assaults . The offender is referred to as a sexual abuser . Live streaming sexual abuse involves trafficking and coerced sexual acts , and/or rape , in real time on webcam . Molestation often refers to an instance of sexual assault against a small child. The perpetrator is called (often pejoratively ) a molester . The term also covers behavior by an adult or older adolescent towards

450-491: Is derived from a Late Latin past participle stem of peiorare , meaning "to make worse", from peior "worse". In historical linguistics , the process of an inoffensive word becoming pejorative is a form of semantic drift known as pejoration . An example of pejoration is the shift in meaning of the word silly from meaning that a person was happy and fortunate to meaning that they are foolish and unsophisticated. The process of pejoration can repeat itself around

480-441: Is suspected some care homes may deliberately overlook these offenses. People in poverty , including those from developing countries , are vulnerable to forced prostitution , live streaming sexual abuse , and other forms of molestation. Victims who come from families in poverty often have less connections, power, protection, and education about sex crimes . Sexual abuse is a problem in some minority communities. In 2007,

510-492: Is the shift in meaning of the word nice from meaning a person was foolish to meaning that a person is pleasant. When performed deliberately, it is described as reclamation or reappropriation . Examples of a word that has been reclaimed by portions of the community that it targets is queer , faggot and dyke which began being re-appropriated as a positive descriptor in the early 1990s by activist groups. However, due to its history and – in some regions – continued use as

540-646: The Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints , Orthodox Judaism , other branches of Judaism , various buddhist schools such as Zen and Tibetan , Yoga classes , and various cults . In October 2020, a powerful member of the United Arab Emirates ' royal family, Nahyan bin Mubarak Al Nahyan , was accused of exploiting his authority by a British citizen, Caitlin McNamara, who

570-749: The 115th Congress by Senators Dianne Feinstein (D–CA) and John Thune (R–SD) in response to the USA Gymnastics sex abuse scandal , allegations made against personnel involved with USA Swimming and USA Taekwondo , and following Senate hearings by the Senate Judiciary Committee and the Senate Commerce Committee on issues of athlete safety. Senator Feinstein introduced S. 534, the Protecting Young Victims from Sexual Abuse Act on March 6, 2017. Senator Thune introduced S. 1426,

600-413: The 1970s and originally delivered to children. Programmes delivered to parents were developed in the 1980s and took the form of one-off meetings, two to three hours long. In the last 15 years, web-based programmes have been developed. The term survivor is sometimes used for a living victim, including victims of non-fatal harm, to honor and empower the strength of an individual to heal, in particular

630-614: The Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) has specifically objected, for example, to SeaWorld 's breeding of orcas ( Orcinus orca ). Captive breeding of animals led to the idea of capturing and enslaving women for involuntary breeding according to Charles Patterson . In the emergency department , contraceptive medications are offered to women raped by men because about 5% of such rapes result in pregnancy. Preventative medication against sexually transmitted infections are given to victims of all types of sexual abuse (especially for

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660-491: The United States Center for Safe Sport Authorization Act, on June 29, 2017. Following negotiations, the two bills were merged and ultimately signed into law by President Donald Trump on February 14, 2018. As a direct result, the United States Center for SafeSport was established in 2017 under the auspices of the Protecting Young Victims from Sexual Abuse and Safe Sport Authorization of 2017. SafeSport seeks to address

690-687: The adult or otherwise older person engaging indecent exposure (of the genitals, female nipples, etc.) to a child with intent to gratify their own sexual desires or to intimidate or groom the child, asking or pressuring a child to engage in sexual activities, displaying pornography to a child, or using a child to produce child pornography. Effects of child sexual abuse include shame, self-blame , depression , anxiety , post-traumatic stress disorder , self-esteem issues, sexual dysfunction , chronic pelvic pain , addiction, self-injury , suicidal ideation , borderline personality disorder , and propensity to re-victimization in adulthood. Child sexual abuse

720-450: The charges were most serious and demanded to be addressed most urgently. In 71% of cases in which final sanctions were imposed, they consisted of some level of suspension or ineligibility. As of October 2021, the Center had sanctioned 1,100 people, with the highest sanctions being permanent ineligibility. The Center cannot indict or jail individuals accused of sexual misconduct, as it is neither

750-441: The child, most often fathers, uncles or cousins; around 60% are other acquaintances such as friends of the family, babysitters, or neighbors; strangers are the offenders in approximately 10% of child sexual abuse cases. Most child sexual abuse is committed by men; women commit approximately 14% of offenses reported against boys and 6% of offenses reported against girls. Child sexual abuse offenders are not pedophiles unless they have

780-458: The development of psychotic symptoms in abused children. Treatment for psychotic symptoms may also be involved in sexual abuse treatment. In regards to long term psychological treatment, prolonged exposure therapy has been tested as a method of long-term PTSD treatment for victims of sexual abuse. Child sexual abuse prevention programmes were developed in the United States of America during

810-500: The most common diseases like chlamydia , gonorrhea , trichomoniasis and bacterial vaginosis ) and a blood serum is collected to test for STIs (such as HIV , hepatitis B and syphilis ). Any survivor with abrasions are immunized for tetanus if 5 years have elapsed since the last immunization. Short-term treatment with a benzodiazepine may help with acute anxiety and antidepressants may be helpful for symptoms of PTSD , depression and panic attacks. Sexual abuse has been linked to

840-465: The problem of sexual abuse of minors and Olympic athletes in sport. Its primary focus, for which it has exclusive jurisdiction , is to review allegations of sexual misconduct , and to impose sanctions up to the lifetime ban of a person from all Olympic sports. The function of SafeSport also covers providing a public central database of sanctioned individuals across all sports. In 2019–20, the Center imposed temporary measures in 6% of cases – those where

870-573: The strictest standards for child abuse prevention and detection. The bill amended the Ted Stevens Olympic and Amateur Sports Act , under the Commerce Committee's jurisdiction, to expand the purposes of United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee to promote a safe environment in sports that is free from abuse. The Protecting Young Victims from Sexual Abuse and Safe Sport Authorization Act of 2017 combined separate bills introduced in

900-465: Was working on Abu Dhabi Hay Festival . On February 14 that year, the UAE's Minister of Tolerance called McNamara for a dinner at his villa on private island and sexually abused the woman, who was organizing the literary festival for the country. Due to social media censorship algorithms, people wishing to discuss sex and particular sexual assault have adopted the ' algospeak ' code word 'mascara' to refer to

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