Sabiñánigo ( Samianigo in Aragonese ) is a municipality located in the province of Huesca , Aragón , Spain, capital of the comarca of Alto Gállego . Formerly, the region was called Serrablo, hence the demonym "serrablese". Sabiñánigo is at an altitude of 780 m and lies 52 km from Huesca .
30-518: It borders to the north the municipalities of Biescas and Yebra de Basa ; to the east Fiscal and Boltaña ; to the south on Las Peñas de Riglos; to the south-east the Somontano de Barbastro and to the west the municipalities of Caldearenas, Jaca and Villanúa. His first reliable testimony is from 1035 (there is another from the year 992, but it is found in a forged document). It appears as Savignaneco (/sabijnáneko/). It will reappear in documentation from
60-575: A royal town is already mentioned, a category that it would maintain centuries later. Since that time the enclave enjoyed privileges, not being subjugated to any rural lord until the Modern era, when it lost this advantageous condition. Pedro II , in 1206, donated his church of San Acisclo to García de Gúdal, bishop of Jaca-Huesca. And at the end of the Middle Ages (1492), Ferdinand the Catholic intervened to set
90-506: A town endowed with royal privileges and had two ecclesiastical parishes: San Salvador and San Pedro. Although in the old ages it also had two other temples, the San Torcuato and St. Stephen churches. It is also documented that the hermitage of Santa Elena was reconstructed by King James I in 1253 and endowed with privileges by King Ferdinand in 1484 and King Charles V in 1525. In the sixteenth century, King Philip II ordered to fortify
120-641: The Pyrenees road axis, and the N-330, between km 604 and 633. It also has a network of local roads that connect the districts and the neighboring municipalities of Jaca and Caldearenas . Finally, the A-1604 regional road runs through the Serrablo Valley towards Boltaña . The relief of the municipality is defined by Pyrenean valleys (Acumuer or Aurín Valley to the northwest, Gállego Valley from north to south, Basa Valley to
150-414: The 2004 census ( INE ), all of them together had a population of 977. It has a population of 9,423 inhabitants ( INE 2023). Sabiñánigo in 1900 was only 280 inhabitants, the installation of industries generated new jobs that were filled with immigrants: in 1940 it reached 1,768 inhabitants and in 1960 6,184 inhabitants. However, in the 2000s the industrial splendor of the town had been lost, with some of
180-783: The Aurín River and the Sierra de San Pedro. Part of its municipal area is occupied by the Sierra Guara and Canyons of Guara Natural Park. The altitude ranges from 2764 metres north (Peña Retona), in the Pyrenees, to 665 metres on the banks of the Gállego River. The village is located on the right bank of the Gállego at its exit from the Tena Valley, at an altitude of 780 meters above sea level. Previously,
210-717: The Battle of Sabiñánigo took place in the area, in which the 43rd and 27th divisions of the Army of the Republic launched an offensive against the I Brigade of the 51st National Division and volunteers such as the Panthers of the Tena Valley and the Skiing Company. In the end, the Republican army did not manage to conquer Sabiñánigo, an important manufacturing centre at the time, despite having been on
240-596: The City Council itself moved to the Barrio de la Estación. The factories gave the final boost to the emerging city. In 1920, the Franco-Spanish company Energía e Industrias Aragonesas (EIASA) established a modern chemical factory that would mark a milestone by achieving the synthesis of ammonia from hydrogen for the first time in the world. Soon, AESA would be installed, in charge of the manufacture of laminated aluminium, being
270-639: The Gorge of Lutherans battle. During the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) Biescas was almost razed. At the beginning of the conflict the town was quickly conquered by the rebel side and was involved in the Battle of Sabiñánigo , between September and November 1937. In this battle the 43rd and 27th divisions of the army of the Spanish Second Republic launched an offensive against the rebels, specifically against
300-641: The I brigade of the 51st National Division and local volunteers such as the Valley Tena Panthers. Biescas was recovered by Republican troops at the beginning of the offensive. It is estimated that during the course of the Battle of Sabiñánigo, the total number of deaths (soldiers and civilians) was around 6,000 people. On 7 August 1996, 86 people died due to a flood in Las Nieves camping. 42°38′N 0°09′W / 42.633°N 0.150°W / 42.633; -0.150 Acumuer Acumuer
330-477: The Museo de Artes de Serrablo , a museum that contains tools, clothes and all kinds of traditional objects of the region; and Pirenarium , a theme park with a great collection of models of the Pyrenees range and the most famous buildings of Aragón. The football team is AD Sabiñánigo . Biescas Biescas ( Spanish pronunciation: [ˈbjeskas] ) is a municipality of northeastern Spain close to
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#1733085090877360-523: The Santa Elena canyon to protect his kingdoms of possible threats from beyond the Pyrenees. To this end, The Castle of San Pedro was built in neighboring Jaca together with other defenses still visible in the valleys of the Aragon and Gállego rivers. In this context, on 6 and 7 February 1592 eight hundred people from Béarn invaded and occupied Biescas and the Tena Valley for eleven days, before being defeated in
390-455: The beginning of the 1990s, tourism has replaced the traditional economy of the town. Residents have been gradually leaving farming and agriculture to engage in construction and services. Currently Biescas constitutes an important touristic point in the central Pyrenees, both in summer and winter. The oldest pieces of evidence from human presence in the Biescas municipality are Neolithic cists from
420-410: The beneficial thermal waters; After about five hours on the train between Zaragoza and Sabiñánigo, they took carriages – buses from 1909 onwards – that took them to the aforementioned seaside resort. The Barrio de la Estación began to have a greater prominence than the original urban centre, and was consolidating thanks, first to shops, and then to the establishment of factories. So much so, that in 1916
450-511: The border with France , in the midst of the Pyrenees in the province of Huesca . The name seems to provide from the term bizka , which means "hill" in a Proto-Indo-European language . The town of Biescas is located at 875 meters altitude on the banks of the Gállego river . The municipality extends along a small plain and includes the canyon to access to the Tena Valley . At 72 km north of
480-456: The construction of the railway that would link Zaragoza with France through Canfranc began. With the arrival of the railroad in 1893, a train station was built near Sabiñánigo town; A new nucleus of activity began to grow around this station, opening shops and lodgings around the road that would soon be called Paseo de la Estación. The new Sabiñánigo became an obligatory place of passage to the spa of Panticosa, where people came in order to drink
510-416: The documents, the place seems to have been ruined in 1696. Pascual Madoz , in his 1845 Geographical-Statistical-Historical Dictionary of Spain, describes Sabiñánigo as a small town of 28 houses, although with a town hall and prison; It also indicates that he subsisted by his agriculture and livestock, producing his lands "pure and mixed wheat, legumes, potatoes and pastures". At the end of the 19th century,
540-568: The east and Serrablo or Guarga Valley to the south), by the Pyrenees to the north and by the pre-Pyrenean mountains of San Pedro (1212 m), south of the town; Belarre (1467 m), Guara (1679 m) and Aineto (1463 m) to the south of the Serrablo valley; and Portiello (1545 m), Canciás (1929 m) and Galardón (1803 m) to the north of the Serrablo Valley. Also famous are the Val Ancha and the Val Estrecho, between
570-482: The first Spanish company to produce it. In the 1950s Sabiñánigo incorporated the municipality of Sardas and part of Cartirana. In the following decade it absorbed Acumuer , Cartirana , Gésera , Jabarrella, Orna de Gállego and Senegüé and Sorripas, and parts of Ena , Gausa [ es ] , and Oliván . In the 1970s it incorporated part of Laguarta . During the Civil War, between September and November 1937,
600-500: The founding of the city was celebrated, considering that Calvisio Sabino —propraetor of Gaul— founded Sabiniano at the conclusion of a pacification campaign in Hispania . The first documented historical mention of Sabiñánigo is from 1035 where it appears as Savignaneco, and refers to its incorporation into the Kingdom of Aragon . Around 1137, in the middle of the medieval period, its status as
630-487: The limits of its terms and solve the problems posed by the vacant knighthoods of honor in this place. During the sixteenth century, the tax on horses continued to be paid and a certain economic take-off began. In 1594, an agreement was signed with the cattle ranchers of the Tena valley regarding the passage of transhumant cattle through the boundaries of the town of Sabiñánigo and those of its dependent villages. However, judging by
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#1733085090877660-400: The main city Huesca, Biescas is a communication hub between the regions of Jacetania and Sobrarbe . The town is strategically located to crossing the Gállego river, as a link between the valleys of Tena and Ara. The municipality extends over an area of 189.09 km . Distributing the town main parallel to the river, with two areas of different altitude delimiting two historic districts: to
690-552: The most important amateur cyclist races in the world. It is also a frequent start and finish point of the Vuelta a España . Sabiñánigo is a great place to go skiing. It is 30 km from the Ski resort of Panticosa , 38 km from Formigal (the largest ski resort in Spain), 44 km from Candanchú , 47 km from Astún and 120 km from Cerler . Some interesting places to visit are
720-533: The plain of Santa Engracia, which are estimated to be from the III millennium BC. One of them has been restored. Biescas began to form as a village in the Middle Ages, given its strategic location as a crossroads. The first document of its existence is a citation in the Cartulary of San Juan de la Peña, between 1020 and 1030 AC. In a document of 1391 it appears cited with the name of Biescas Sobirón. Biescas has always been
750-457: The plants closed and their workforce greatly reduced in other cases, although companies with a good number of employees and a significant volume of business still survive. The age pyramid, thanks to the immigration of young people, is one of the youngest in Aragon . Sabiñánigo has always been strongly linked to sport and, especially, to cycling. It is famous for holding "The Quebrantahuesos" , one of
780-421: The region in which Sabiñánigo was framed was known as Serrablo, so the inhabitants of this town are also known as serrableses. The origin of Sabiñánigo is Roman Empire and seems to be linked to the establishment of a military mansion, founded around the second century, on the banks of the road that connected Osca (present-day Huesca) with the thermal baths of Panticosa . In 1972 the two-thousandth anniversary of
810-455: The twelfth and thirteenth centuries. Its etymology will be the Latin name Sabinianicu, derived in turn from Sabinianus and this from Sabinius or Sabinus. In modern Aragonese, the name has evolved into Samianigo. Integrated in the region of Alto Gállego , of which it serves as the capital, it is located 52 kilometres from the provincial capital. The municipality is crossed by the national roads N-260,
840-1160: The verge of encircling it. The battle resulted in a total number of casualties of approximately 6000 troops. Nowadays, what is known as the municipality of Sabiñánigo contains the following villages: Abellada , Abenilla , Acumuer , Aineto , Alavés , Allué , Arguisal , Arraso , Arruaba , Arto , Artosilla , Aspés , Asqués , Asún , Atós Alto , Atós Bajo , Aurín , Bara , Baranguá , Belarra , Bentué de Nocito , Bolás , Borrés , Campares , Cañardo , Cartirana , Castiello de Guarga , Castillo de Lerés , Ceresola , Fablo [ es ] , Fenillosa , Gésera , Gillué , Grasa , Hostal de Ipiés , Ibirque , Ibort , Ipiés , Isín , Isún de Basa , Jabarrella , Laguarta , Lanave , Lárrede , Larrés , Lasaosa , Lasieso , Latas , Latrás , Layés , Molino de Escartín , Molino de Villobas , Ordovés , Orna de Gállego , Osán , Pardinilla , El Puente de Sabiñánigo , Rapún , Sabiñánigo Alto , San Esteban de Guarga , San Román de Basa , Sandiás , Santa María de Perula , Sardas , Sasal , Satué , Secorún , Senegüé , Solanilla , Sorripas , Used , Villacampa and Yéspola . According to
870-511: The villages of: The municipality also includes the depopulated villages of Búbal, Polituara, Saquès, Ainielle, Susín, Berbusa and Casbas. The economic activities in Biescas have historically been traditional farming of cereals and of fodder for livestock, logging of forests, and bovine cattle and sheep for local consumption. At the beginning of the twentieth century, Biescas highlighted in the region for its wool traditional textile industry, specialized in blankets and equipment for horses. Since
900-548: The west, the district of San Pedro, which includes an area for expansion and new constructions, and eastern district of San Salvador split, itself, into the neighborhood of La Peña (The Rock) and the Downtown, where are located the administration and most of the services and shops in the village. According to the Spanish Statistics National Institute, the current municipality has 1,535 inhabitants and includes
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