24-501: SS21 or variation , may refer to: OTR-21 Tochka , a Soviet short-range ballistic missile with the NATO designation "SS-21 Scarab" USS F-2 (SS-21) , a United States Navy submarine which served during World War I Chilean submarine Simpson (SS-21) , several submarines of the navy of Chile Higashi-Murayama Station (station code SS21 ), Higashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan;
48-410: A nuclear , biological or chemical warhead. The solid propellant makes the missile easy to maintain and deploy. OTR-21 units are usually managed in a brigade structure. There are 18 launchers in a brigade. Each launcher is provided with two or three missiles. The vehicle is amphibious , with a maximum road speed of 60 km/h (37 mph) and 8 km/h (5.0 mph) in water. The vehicle
72-524: A 9S445M command vehicle: a GAZ-66 truck with attached shelter containing fire control computer, radios and telephones. The meteorological section operated the RVS-1 Malakhit and a RMS-1 meteorological radar in the 1970s. They later upgraded to a RMS-1 End Tray radar, supported by an auxiliary power unit, each towed by a GAZ-66. The survey section used a GAZ-69 TM/TMG/TMG-2, GAZ-66T or UAZ-452 T for launch site preparation. Each firing section consisted of
96-535: A Soviet submarine launched ballistic missile [REDACTED] Topics referred to by the same term This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title formed as a letter–number combination. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SS21&oldid=1085926307 " Category : Letter–number combination disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
120-454: A large and vital target, the system was more useful deploying specialized warheads. In October 1962, a number of Luna missiles, and 12 compatible 2-kiloton nuclear warheads, were deployed with Soviet forces in Cuba during the missile crisis . The Luna was later extensively deployed throughout some Warsaw Pact countries and other Soviet allies. The rocket has been widely exported, and is now in
144-696: A project code-named al-Laith. On 21 February 1991, during operation Desert Storm , Senegalese troops were hit hard by a Laith-90. Eight Senegalese soldiers were wounded in action and one vehicle disabled as a result During the 2003 invasion of Iraq, the Headquarters of the 2nd Brigade, US 3rd Infantry Division, Tactical Operations Center (TOC) of U.S Col. David Perkins , was targeted and struck by either an Iraqi Frog-7 rocket or an Ababil-100 SSM missile, killing three soldiers and two embedded journalists. Another 14 soldiers were injured, and 22 vehicles destroyed or seriously damaged, most of them Humvees . In
168-402: A single 9P113. Preparing the launcher to fire could take anywhere from 15 to 30 minutes. Launch sites were generally located 20 to 25 kilometers behind the front line . It was the longest-ranged artillery system available to a division commander and typically reserved for special missions. Because the rocket's inaccuracy at long range made the use of conventional warheads insufficient, barring
192-627: A train station SS21, a district of Damansara Utama , Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia SS21 The Healing , a LOVERBOY fashion label fashion collection by Charles Jeffrey (fashion designer) 21st Waffen Mountain Division of the SS Skanderbeg (21st SS division; S.S. 21) of Albanian partisans serving Germany in WWII See also [ edit ] [REDACTED] Search for "SS21" or "SS-21" on Misplaced Pages. SS-N-21 "Sampson",
216-520: Is 9K79 . Its NATO reporting name is the SS-21 Scarab . One missile is transported per 9P129 vehicle and raised prior to launch. It uses an inertial guidance system. The OTR-21 forward deployment to East Germany began in 1981, replacing the earlier Luna-M series of unguided artillery rockets. The system was scheduled to be decommissioned by the Russian Armed Forces in 2020 in favour of
240-581: Is NBC -protected. The system began development in 1968. Three variants were developed. The initial version, Tochka , NATO reporting name Scarab A, entered service with the Soviet Army in 1975. It carried one of four types of warhead: The minimum range was about 15 km (9.3 mi), maximum range was 70 km (43 mi). Its circular error probable (CEP) is estimated to be about 150 m (490 ft). The improved Tochka-U , NATO reporting name Scarab B, passed state tests from 1986 to 1988, and
264-437: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages OTR-21 Tochka OTR-21 Tochka ( Russian : оперативно-тактический ракетный комплекс (ОТР) «Точка» , romanized : operativno-takticheskiy raketnyy kompleks (OTR) "Tochka" , lit. 'Tactical Operational Missile Complex "Point"') is a Soviet tactical ballistic missile . Its GRAU designation
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#1732869708885288-609: The 9K720 Iskander , but they have been observed in use against Ukrainian targets during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. The OTR-21 is a mobile missile launch system, designed to be deployed along with other land combat units on the battlefield. While the 9K52 Luna-M is large and relatively inaccurate, the OTR-21 is much smaller. The missile itself can be used for precise strikes on enemy tactical targets, such as control posts, bridges, storage facilities, troop concentrations and airfields. The fragmentation warhead can be replaced with
312-545: The Syrian Civil War , the Syrian Army fired several Frog-7 rockets against areas under the control of different insurgent formations. Iraq made intensive use of Frog-7 rockets in the war with Iran (1980-1988) . After the war with Iran, Iraq modified its remaining stock of 9M21s by extending their range to 100 kilometres, improving their precision by installing a gyroscope , and fitting submunition-carrying warheads, under
336-477: The Yugoslav Wars , Serb forces launched Frog-7 rockets on a number of Croatian forces, like Orašje , a Croatian military stronghold, on the outskirts of Zupanja , on 2 December 1992, where several civilians were killed, and the military airport Zagreb , on 11 September 1993, while the battle of Medak Pocket was still going on. Between April and October 1992, Bosnian Serb forces fired 14 Frog-7 rockets at
360-518: The 1,000-odd Scud-B delivered and fired against the rebel forces. In its first use in combat, Syrian forces fired a Frog-7 barrage at Galilee on 7 October and 8 October 1973, during the Yom Kippur War . Although aimed at Israeli air bases such as Ramat David , the rockets struck several Israeli settlements. These unintended attacks on civilians gave Israel an excuse to launch a sustained air campaign inside Syria itself. Starting in 2012, during
384-496: The 1990s, but was likely never operational. Range increased to 185 km (115 mi), and the CEP decreased to less than 70 m (229 ft). Scarab C weighed 1,800 kg (4,000 lb). Educational means: 9K52 Luna-M The 9K52 Luna-M ( Russian : Луна , English: Moon ; NATO reporting name : Frog-7 ) is a Soviet short-range artillery rocket system which fires unguided and spin-stabilized 9M21 rockets. It
408-512: The ZIL-135RTM chassis, can carry up to three 9M21 rockets. In addition to its inaccuracy, the fact that the rocket was exposed to the weather was another drawback to the system, particularly when equipped with temperature-sensitive nuclear ordnance. In the early 1960s, the Soviets experimented with a modified 9P113 launch vehicle with a fully-enclosed superstructure and launch roof. This did not solve
432-433: The battalion with command and logistical support. Vehicles included 4 9T29 transporter vehicles, a 9T31M1 crane vehicle ( Ural-375 D), an RM-1 maintenance complex (3 ZIL-157s ), an RVD-1 optical maintenance vehicle (Ural-375D) and a PKPP maintenance/check vehicle ( ZIL-131 ). Each firing battery was organized with a headquarters, a meteorological section, a survey section, and two firing sections. The headquarters included
456-566: The issue entirely, necessitating the development of the Tochka. In Soviet service, the Luna-M was organized into battalions to provide divisions with rocket artillery support. Each battalion was organized with a headquarters battery and two firing batteries. Total complement included 20 officers , 160 enlisted personnel , four 9P113 launchers and, on average, seven rockets per launcher. The headquarters battery numbered about 80 personnel and provided
480-574: The possession of a large number of countries. In 1985, the Soviet Army started deploying Frog-7B systems armed with high explosive and cluster warheads against villages as part of an effort to deny food supplies for the Afghan mujahideen . In 1989, it was revealed that the Soviet Union supplied the Afghan Army with Frog-7 launchers and expired Frog-7A and Frog-7B rounds from Soviet stockpiles to replace
504-512: The rocket, to improve stability and accuracy. At range, the 9M21 has a nominal CEP ( circular error probable ) of 400 meters. Western intelligence estimated that its CEP at maximum range was 500 to 700 meters. Russian sources admit the likely impact point could fall anywhere within an area 2.8 kilometers in depth from range error, and 1.8 kilometers in width in azimuth error. The initial 3R-11 rocket, known also by its military designation R-65 (NATO: Frog-7A ), measures 8,900 mm in length. It
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#1732869708885528-427: Was introduced in 1989. A new motor propellant increased the range to 120 km (75 mi). The CEP significantly improved, to 95 m (312 ft). Six warhead options have been reported, a unitary high explosive warhead, an anti-personnel submunition dispenser, an anti-radar warhead, an EMP warhead and two nuclear warheads. An unconfirmed third variant, designated Scarab C by NATO, may have been developed in
552-493: Was originally developed in the 1960s to provide divisional artillery support using tactical nuclear weapons but gradually modified for conventional use. The 9K52 was succeeded by the OTR-21 Tochka . Originally called the 3R-11 and 9R11 , the 9M21 is a solid fuel rocket, with four off-angle vernier chambers immediately behind the warhead section. When the main engine section ignites, the verniers activate to start spinning
576-540: Was replaced in 1968 with an improved R-70 (NATO: Frog-7B ) which measures 9,400 mm. This new variant allows for switching warhead sections and the addition of air brakes at the rear of the rocket, lowering the minimum range to 15 km (9.3 mi). The rocket is mounted on a transporter erector launcher (TEL), designated 9P113 . Based on the ZIL-135 LM 8x8 truck, it features a large hydraulic crane to allow faster reloading. The 9T29 transporter, also based on
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