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56-475: SMPP may refer to: Short Message Peer-to-Peer , a telecommunications protocol Stupino Machine Production Plant , a company based in Stupino, Russia Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title SMPP . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to

112-541: A $ 50 fee per year for the first two years, 30 percent of which was to be deposited in the Intellectual Infrastructure Fund (IIF), a fund to be used for the preservation and enhancement of the intellectual infrastructure of the Internet. There was widespread dissatisfaction with this concentration of power (and money) in one company, and people looked to IANA for a solution. Postel wrote up a draft on IANA and

168-591: A global multi-stakeholder community. In August 2016 ICANN incorporated Public Technical Identifiers, a non-profit affiliate corporation in California, to take over the IANA functions once the current contract expired at the end of September. The Department of Commerce confirmed that its criteria for transitioning IANA Stewardship to the Internet multistakeholder community had been met, and that it intended to allow its contract with ICANN to expire on September 30, 2016, allowing

224-449: A predefined location and go through scripted procedures to generate key material and signing keys. The TCRs cannot be affiliated with ICANN, PTI (an ICANN affiliate) or Verisign because of these organizations' operational roles in the key management, but are chosen from the broader DNS community. Past and present TCRs include Vinton Cerf , Dan Kaminsky , Dmitry Burkov , Anne-Marie Eklund Löwinder and John Curran . IANA operates

280-433: A response for each PDU being sent, or asynchronous, where multiple requests can be issued without waiting and acknowledged in a skew order by the other peer; the number of unacknowledged requests is called a window ; for the best performance both communicating sides must be configured with the same window size. The SMPP standard has evolved during the time. The most commonly used versions of SMPP are: The applicable version

336-522: A separate octet in the short_message field (with the most significant bit set to 0). SMPP 3.3 data_coding exactly copied TP-DCS values of GSM 03.38 , which make it suitable only for GSM 7-bit default alphabet, UCS2 or binary messages; SMPP 3.4 introduced a new list of data_coding values: The meaning of the data_coding=4 or 8 is the same as in SMPP 3.3. Other values in the range 1-15 are reserved in SMPP 3.3. Unfortunately, unlike SMPP 3.3, where data_coding=0

392-527: A socket number catalog in RFC 322. Network administrators were asked to submit a note or place a phone call, "describing the function and socket numbers of network service programs at each HOST". This catalog was subsequently published as RFC 433 in December 1972. In it Postel first proposed a registry of assignments of port numbers to network services, calling himself the czar of socket numbers . The first reference to

448-693: A task. And if the goal is communication and not quibbling, each implementation should overcome minor nonconformities with standard: Information applicable to one version of SMPP can often be found in another version of SMPP, for example with the case of SMPP 3.4 describing the only mechanism of delivery receipts in SMPP 3.3 described above. The SMPP protocol is designed on a clear-text binary protocol which needs to be considered if using for potentially sensitive information such as one-time passwords via SMS. There are, however, implementations of SMPP over SSL/TLS if required. Internet Assigned Numbers Authority The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority ( IANA )

504-640: A transition agreement with the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers ICANN, transferring the IANA project to ICANN, effective January 1, 1999, thus making IANA an operating unit of ICANN. In June 1999, at its Oslo meeting, IETF signed an agreement with ICANN concerning the tasks that IANA would perform for the IETF; this is published as RFC 2860. On February 8, 2000, the Department of Commerce entered into an agreement with ICANN for ICANN to perform

560-564: Is a standards organization that oversees global IP address allocation, autonomous system number allocation, root zone management in the Domain Name System (DNS), media types , and other Internet Protocol –related symbols and Internet numbers . Currently it is a function of ICANN , a nonprofit private American corporation established in 1998 primarily for this purpose under a United States Department of Commerce contract. ICANN managed IANA directly from 1998 through 2016, when it

616-474: Is able to carry short messages including EMS , voicemail notifications, Cell Broadcasts , WAP messages including WAP Push messages (used to deliver MMS notifications), USSD messages and others. Because of its versatility and support for non- GSM SMS protocols, like UMTS , IS-95 (CDMA), CDMA2000 , ANSI-136 (TDMA) and iDEN , SMPP is the most commonly used protocol for short message exchange outside SS7 networks. SMPP (Short Message Peer-to-Peer)

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672-544: Is an example of the binary encoding of a 60-octet submit_sm PDU. The data is shown in Hex octet values as a single dump and followed by a header and body break-down of that PDU. This is best compared with the definition of the submit_sm PDU from the SMPP specification in order to understand how the encoding matches the field by field definition. The value break-downs are shown with decimal in parentheses and Hex values after that. Where you see one or several hex octets appended, this

728-445: Is an organization that assigns parts of its allocation from a regional Internet registry to other customers. Most local Internet registries are also Internet service providers. IANA is broadly responsible for the allocation of globally unique names and numbers that are used in Internet protocols that are published as Request for Comments (RFC) documents. These documents describe methods, behaviors, research, or innovations applicable to

784-452: Is because the given field size uses 1 or more octets encoding. Again, reading the definition of the submit_sm PDU from the spec will make all this clearer. Note that the text in the short_message field must match the data_coding. When the data_coding is 8 (UCS2), the text must be in UCS-2BE (or its extension, UTF-16BE ). When the data_coding indicates a 7-bit encoding, each septet is stored in

840-529: Is better not to use data_coding=0 . It may be tricky to use the GSM 7-bit default alphabet, some Short message service centers requires data_coding=0 , others e.g. data_coding=241 . Despite its wide acceptance, the SMPP has a number of problematic features: Although data_coding value in SMPP 3.3 are based on the GSM 03.38 , since SMPP 3.4 there is no data_coding value for GSM 7-bit alphabet ( GSM 03.38 ). However, it

896-476: Is common for DCS=0 to indicate the GSM 7-bit alphabet, particularly for SMPP connections to SMSCs on GSM mobile networks. It is further ambiguous whether the 7-bit alphabet is packed, as in GSM, allowing sending 160 characters in 140 octets, or whether the each 7-bit character takes up an entire octet (with the high bit set to zero, as with ASCII). According to SMPP 3.4 and 5.0 the data_coding=0 means ″SMSC Default Alphabet″. Which encoding it really is, depends on

952-476: Is contracted to ICANN by the US Department of Commerce, various proposals have been brought forward to decouple the IANA function from ICANN. On October 1, 2009 the "Joint Project Agreement" between ICANN and U.S. Department of Commerce expired, replaced by an "Affirmation of Commitments". On March 14, 2014, the U.S. Department of Commerce announced its intent to transition key Internet domain name functions to

1008-465: Is passed in the interface_version parameter of a bind command. The SMPP PDUs are binary encoded for efficiency. They start with a header which may be followed by a body: Each PDU starts with a header. The header consists of 4 fields, each of length of 4 octets: All numeric fields in SMPP use the big endian order, which means that the first octet is the Most Significant Byte (MSB). This

1064-467: Is responsible for assignment of Internet numbers, which are numerical identifiers assigned to an Internet resource or used in the networking protocols of the Internet Protocol Suite . Examples include IP addresses and autonomous system (AS) numbers . IANA delegates allocations of IP address blocks to regional Internet registries (RIRs). Each RIR allocates addresses for a different area of

1120-464: The IANA for SMPP when operating over TCP is 2775, but multiple arbitrary port numbers are often used in messaging environments. Before exchanging any messages, a bind command must be sent and acknowledged. The bind command determines in which direction will be possible to send messages; bind_transmitter only allows client to submit messages to the server, bind_receiver means that the client will only receive

1176-834: The Internet Architecture Board , the World Wide Web Consortium , the Internet Society , and the five regional Internet address registries ( African Network Information Center , American Registry for Internet Numbers , Asia-Pacific Network Information Centre , Latin America and Caribbean Internet Addresses Registry , and Réseaux IP Européens Network Coordination Centre ). In October 2013, Fadi Chehadé, current President and CEO of ICANN, met with Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff in Brasilia. Upon Chehadé's invitation,

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1232-723: The World Economic Forum (WEF) and the Brazilian Internet Steering Committee (Comitê Gestor da Internet no Brasil), commonly referred to as "CGI.br". The meeting produced a nonbinding statement in favor of consensus-based decision-making. It reflected a compromise and did not harshly condemn mass surveillance or include the words "net neutrality", despite initial support for that from Brazil. The final resolution says ICANN should be under international control by September 2015. A minority of governments, including Russia, China, Iran and India, were unhappy with

1288-454: The client–server model of operation, despite "peer-to-peer" in the name. The Short Message Service Center (SMSC) usually acts as a server, awaiting connections from ESMEs. When SMPP is used for SMS peering, the sending MC usually acts as a client. The protocol is based on pairs of request/response PDUs ( protocol data units , or packets) exchanged over OSI layer 4 ( TCP session or X.25 SVC3) connections. The well-known port assigned by

1344-422: The int registry for international treaty organizations, the arpa zone for Internet infrastructure purposes, including reverse DNS service, and other critical zones such as root-servers. IANA maintains protocol registries in tables of protocols and their parameters and coordinates registration of protocols. As of 2015 there were over 2,800 registries and subregistries. The IANA time zone database holds

1400-501: The time zone differences and rules for the various regions of the world and allows this information to be mirrored and used by computers and other electronic devices to maintain proper configuration for timekeeping. IANA assumed responsibility for the database on October 16, 2011, after the Astrolabe, Inc. v. Olson et al. decision caused the shutdown of the FTP server which had previously been

1456-522: The Department of Commerce, via the Acquisition and Grants Office of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration , issued a notice of intent to extend the IANA contract for three years. In August 2006, the U.S. Department of Commerce extended the IANA contract with ICANN by an additional five years, subject to annual renewals. Since ICANN is managing a worldwide resource, while the IANA function

1512-550: The ESME solution for Openmind Networks) The only way to pass delivery receipts in SMPP 3.3 is to put information in a text form to the short_message field; however, the format of the text is described in Appendix B of SMPP 3.4, although SMPP 3.4 may (and should) use receipted_message_id and message_state TLVs for the purpose. While SMPP 3.3 states that Message ID is a C-Octet String (Hex) of up to 8 characters (plus terminating '\0'),

1568-626: The Future of Internet Governance (NET mundial)" will include representatives of government, industry, civil society, and academia. At the IGF VIII meeting in Bali in October 2013 a commenter noted that Brazil intends the meeting to be a " summit " in the sense that it will be high level with decision-making authority. The organizers of the "NET mundial" meeting have decided that an online forum called "/1net", set up by

1624-761: The I* group, will be a major conduit of non-governmental input into the three committees preparing for the meeting in April. In April 2014 the NetMundial Initiative , a plan for international governance of the Internet, was proposed at the Global Multistakeholder Meeting on the Future of Internet Governance (GMMFIG) conference (23–24 April 2014) and later developed into the NetMundial Initiative by ICANN CEO Fadi Chehade along with representatives of

1680-578: The IANA functions. On October 7, 2013 the Montevideo Statement on the Future of Internet Cooperation was released by the leaders of a number of organizations involved in coordinating the Internet's global technical infrastructure, loosely known as the "I*" (or "I-star") group. Among other things, the statement "expressed strong concern over the undermining of the trust and confidence of Internet users globally due to recent revelations of pervasive monitoring and surveillance" and "called for accelerating

1736-408: The IETF, could terminate the agreement under which ICANN performs IANA functions with six months' notice. ICANN and the Department of Commerce made an agreement for the "joint development of the "mechanisms methods, and procedures necessary to effect the transition of Internet domain name and addressing system (DNS) to the private sector" via a "Joint Project Agreement" in 1998. On January 28, 2003,

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1792-600: The Internet infrastructure. After his death, Joyce K. Reynolds, who had worked with him for many years, managed the transition of the IANA function to ICANN. Starting in 1988, IANA was funded by the U.S. government under a contract between the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency and the Information Sciences Institute. This contract expired in April 1997, but was extended to preserve IANA. On December 24, 1998, USC entered into

1848-549: The SMPP 3.4 specification states that the id field in the Delivery Receipt Format is a C-Octet String (Decimal) of up to 10 characters. This splits SMPP implementations to 2 groups: The SMPP 3.4 specification does however state that the delivery receipt format is SMSC vendor specific, and therefore the format included in the specification is merely one possibility. As noted above, when using SMPP 3.4 receipted_message_id and message_state TLVs should be used to convey

1904-466: The SMPP Developers Forum, later renamed as The SMS Forum. The SMS Forum disbanded in 2007, with this announcement: "The SMS Forum, a non-profit organization with a mission to develop, foster and promote SMS (short message service) to the benefit of the global wireless industry will disband by July 27, 2007." As part of the original handover terms, SMPP ownership returned to Mavenir. SMPP uses

1960-565: The SMSC returns a submit_sm_resp with non-zero value of command_status and ″empty″ message_id. For the best compatibility, any SMPP implementation should accept both variants of negative submit_sm_resp regardless of the version of SMPP standard used for the communication. The original intention of error scenarios was that no body would be returned in the PDU response. This was the standard behavior exhibited on all Aldiscon/Logica SMSC and also in most of

2016-624: The authority over the root zone. Demonstrating that control of the root was from the IANA rather than from Network Solutions would have clarified IANA's authority to create new top-level domains as a step to resolving the DNS Wars, but he ended his effort after Magaziner's threat, and died not long after. Jon Postel managed the IANA function from its inception on the ARPANET until his death in October 1998. By his almost 30 years of "selfless service", Postel created his de facto authority to manage key parts of

2072-465: The case of these two PDUs, that empty body will look like a single NULL octet at the end of the stream. The reason you may need this ability to include what I call dummy bodies with NACKed requests is that the other side of the equation may be unable or unwilling to change their implementation to tolerate the missing body. (I worked on three versions of SMPP specification in Aldiscon/Logica and designed

2128-458: The creation of new top-level domains. He was trying to institutionalize IANA. In retrospect, this would have been valuable, since he unexpectedly died about two years later. In January 1998, Postel was threatened by US Presidential science advisor Ira Magaziner with the statement "You'll never work on the Internet again" after Postel collaborated with root server operators to test using a root server other than Network Solutions' "A" root to act as

2184-643: The final resolution and wanted multi-lateral management for the Internet, rather than broader multi-stakeholder management. A month later, the Panel On Global Internet Cooperation and Governance Mechanisms (convened by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) and the World Economic Forum (WEF) with assistance from The Annenberg Foundation ), supported and included the NetMundial statement in its own report. IANA

2240-502: The globalization of ICANN and IANA functions, towards an environment in which all stakeholders, including all governments, participate on an equal footing". This desire to move away from a United States centric approach is seen as a reaction to the ongoing NSA surveillance scandal . The statement was signed by the heads of the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN), the Internet Engineering Task Force,

2296-530: The intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SMPP&oldid=945947963 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Short Message Peer-to-Peer SMPP is often used to allow third parties (e.g. value-added service providers like news organizations) to submit messages, often in bulk, but it may be used for SMS peering as well. SMPP

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2352-449: The messages, and bind_transceiver (introduced in SMPP 3.4) allows message transfer in both directions. In the bind command the ESME identifies itself using system_id, system_type and password; the address_range field designed to contain ESME address is usually left empty. The bind command contains interface_version parameter to specify which version of SMPP protocol will be used. Message exchange may be synchronous, where each peer waits for

2408-548: The name "IANA" in the RFC series is in RFC 1083, published in December 1988 by Postel at USC-ISI, referring to Joyce K. Reynolds as the IANA contact. However, the function, and the term, was well established long before that; RFC 1174 says that "Throughout its entire history, the Internet system has employed a central Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA)..." In 1995, the National Science Foundation authorized Network Solutions to assess domain name registrants

2464-958: The other vendors. When SMPP 3.4 was being taken on by the WAP forum, several clarifications were requested on whether a body should be included with NACKed response and measures were taken to clarify this in several places in the specification including the submit_sm section and also in the bind_transceiver section. What should have been done was to add the clarification that we eventually added in V5.0.. that bodies are not supposed to be included in error responses. Some vendors have been very silly in their implementations including bodies on rejected bind_transmitter responses but not on bind_transceiver responses etc. The recommendation I would make to vendors.. as suggested above.. accept both variants. But its also wise to allow yourself issue NACKed submit_sm_resp and deliver_sm_resp PDUs with and without an empty body. In

2520-429: The outcome of a message. Since introduction of TLV parameters in version 3.4, the SMPP may be regarded an extensible protocol. In order to achieve the highest possible degree of compatibility and interoperability any implementation should apply the Internet robustness principle : ″Be conservative in what you send, be liberal in what you accept″. It should use a minimal set of features which are necessary to accomplish

2576-600: The primary source of the database. The IANA Language Subtag Registry was defined by IETF RFC5646 and maintained by IANA. IANA was established informally as a reference to various technical functions for the ARPANET , that Jon Postel and Joyce K. Reynolds performed at the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) and at the University of Southern California 's Information Sciences Institute . On March 26, 1972, Vint Cerf and Jon Postel at UCLA called for establishing

2632-485: The root nameserver operators, and ICANN 's policy making apparatus. Since the root zone was cryptographically signed in 2010, IANA is also responsible for vital parts of the key management for the DNSSEC operations (specifically, it is the "Root Zone KSK Operator"). Among other things, this involves regularly holding signing ceremonies where members of a group of Trusted Community Representatives (TCR) physically meet at

2688-592: The size of /8 prefix blocks for IPv4 and/23 to/12 prefix blocks from the 2000::/3 IPv6 block to requesting regional registries as needed. Since the exhaustion of the Internet Protocol Version 4 address space, no further IPv4 address space is allocated by IANA. IANA administers the data in the root nameservers , which form the top of the hierarchical Domain Name System (DNS) tree. This task involves liaising with top-level domain "Registrar-of-Record"s,

2744-491: The two announced that Brazil would host an international summit on Internet governance in April 2014. The announcement came after the 2013 disclosures of mass surveillance by the U.S. government, and President Rousseff's speech at the opening session of the 2013 United Nations General Assembly, where she strongly criticized the American surveillance program as a "breach of international law". The " Global Multistakeholder Meeting on

2800-566: The type of the SMSC and its configuration. One of the encodings in CDMA standard C.R1001 is Shift-JIS used for Japanese. SMPP 3.4 and 5.0 specifies three encodings for Japanese (JIS, ISO-2022-JP and Extended Kanji JIS), but none of them is identical with CDMA MSG_ENCODING 00101. It seems that the Pictogram encoding (data_coding=9) is used to carry the messages in Shift-JIS in SMPP. When a submit_sm fails,

2856-521: The working of the Internet and Internet-connected systems. IANA maintains a close liaison with the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and RFC Editorial team in fulfilling this function. In the case of the two major Internet namespaces , namely IP addresses and domain names , extra administrative policy and delegation to subordinate administrations is required because of the multi-layered distributed use of these resources. IANA

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2912-624: The world. Collectively the RIRs have created the Number Resource Organization formed as a body to represent their collective interests and ensure that policy statements are coordinated globally. The RIRs divide their allocated address pools into smaller blocks and delegate them to Internet service providers and other organizations in their operating regions. Since the introduction of the CIDR system, IANA has typically allocated address space in

2968-561: Was managed by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) under contract with the United States Department of Commerce (DOC) and pursuant to an agreement with the IETF from 1998 to 2016. The Department of Commerce also provided an ongoing oversight function, whereby it verified additions and changes made in the DNS root zone to ensure IANA complied with its policies. The Internet Architecture Board (IAB), on behalf of

3024-534: Was originally designed by Aldiscon , a small Irish company that was later acquired by Logica (since 2016, after a number of changes Mavenir ). The protocol was originally created by a developer, Ian J Chambers, to test the functionality of the SMSC without using SS7 test equipment to submit messages. In 1995 the ETSI included the SMPP protocol into the technical report TR 03.39. In 1999 Logica formally handed over SMPP to

3080-659: Was transferred to Public Technical Identifiers (PTI), an affiliate of ICANN that operates IANA today. Before it, IANA was administered principally by Jon Postel at the Information Sciences Institute (ISI) of the University of Southern California (USC) situated at Marina Del Rey (Los Angeles), under a contract USC/ISI had with the United States Department of Defense . In addition, five regional Internet registries delegate number resources to their customers, local Internet registries , Internet service providers , and end-user organizations. A local Internet registry

3136-421: Was unambiguously GSM 7-bit default alphabet, for SMPP 3.4 and higher the GSM 7-bit default alphabet is missing in this list, and data_coding=0 may differ for various Short message service centers —it may be ISO-8859-1 , ASCII , GSM 7-bit default alphabet, UTF-8 or even configurable per ESME. When using data_coding=0 , both sides (ESME and SMSC) must be sure they consider it the same encoding. Otherwise it

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