SATSair was an air taxi provider based in Greenville, South Carolina , USA. SATSair was a founding member of the Air Taxi Association (ATXA).
70-457: The company's first flight was in November 2004. SATSair operated 26 Cirrus SR-22 , each equipped with entire-aircraft parachute systems for emergency safety. Unlike traditional charter flights, SATSair offered one-way pricing, so passengers did not directly pay for unused return legs. Cirrus Design , the company that manufactured the aircraft used by SATSair, was a major shareholder having acquired
140-547: A Hartzell three-blade (later four-blade as optional ) lightweight composite propeller. The weight of the conversion reduces the SR22's useful load. Air conditioning is available with the SR22 Turbo, but this further reduces the useful load. The turbo version has a certified ceiling of 25,000 feet (7,600 m), a maximum cruise speed of 211 knots (391 km/h), and a top speed of 219 knots (406 km/h). In 2010, Cirrus introduced
210-492: A round-robin fashion. Since it is the master that chooses which slave to address, whereas a slave is (in theory) supposed to listen in each receive slot, being a master is a lighter burden than being a slave. Being a master of seven slaves is possible; being a slave of more than one master is possible. The specification is vague as to required behavior in scatternets. Bluetooth is a standard wire-replacement communications protocol primarily designed for low power consumption, with
280-488: A 25-percent stake of SATSair in July 2006. On 24 October 2009 SATSair ceased operations "due to circumstances." The cessation of operations was not unexpected as five of the company's aircraft had been repossessed and were without engines and a further ten company SR22s had been sitting on the ramp without engines for some time. On 31 December 2009, SATSair filed for Chapter 7 bankruptcy protection. This article relating to
350-448: A 315 hp (235 kW) engine for the turbocharged version of the aircraft. In the general aviation (GA) industry, it became the first light aircraft with a full glass cockpit . The SR22 series has been the world's best-selling GA airplane every year since 2003. With 7,737 units delivered from 2001–23, and in combination with the SR20, a total of 9,548, it is the most-produced GA aircraft of
420-540: A PFD, a new MFD and the installation of back-up mechanical instruments. On 22 May 2008, Cirrus revealed the "Cirrus Perspective" glass cockpit (by Garmin ). Both cockpits were available for several months (the Avidyne cockpit was initially standard equipment) and after 2008 the SR22 was sold with only the Perspective panel. In 2009, the third-generation Cirrus SR22 GTS came equipped with a new enhanced vision system (EVS),
490-457: A United States airline is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Cirrus SR-22 The Cirrus SR22 is a single-engine four- or five-seat composite aircraft built since 2001 by Cirrus Aircraft of Duluth, Minnesota , United States. It is a development of the Cirrus SR20 , with a larger wing, higher fuel capacity and more powerful, 310-horsepower (231 kW) engine, and
560-782: A built-in Bluetooth radio, others require an external adapter, typically in the form of a small USB " dongle ". Unlike its predecessor, IrDA , which requires a separate adapter for each device, Bluetooth lets multiple devices communicate with a computer over a single adapter. For Microsoft platforms, Windows XP Service Pack 2 and SP3 releases work natively with Bluetooth v1.1, v2.0 and v2.0+EDR. Previous versions required users to install their Bluetooth adapter's own drivers, which were not directly supported by Microsoft. Microsoft's own Bluetooth dongles (packaged with their Bluetooth computer devices) have no external drivers and thus require at least Windows XP Service Pack 2. Windows Vista RTM/SP1 with
630-465: A cellular phone and a vehicle's audio system. At the time, Sony/Ericsson had only a minor market share in the cellular phone market, which was dominated in the US by Nokia and Motorola. Due to ongoing negotiations for an intended licensing agreement with Motorola beginning in the late 1990s, Vosi could not publicly disclose the intention, integration, and initial development of other enabled devices which were to be
700-621: A given link depends on several qualities of both communicating devices and the air and obstacles in between . The primary attributes affecting range are the data rate, protocol (Bluetooth Classic or Bluetooth Low Energy), transmission power, and receiver sensitivity, and the relative orientations and gains of both antennas. The effective range varies depending on propagation conditions, material coverage, production sample variations, antenna configurations and battery conditions. Most Bluetooth applications are for indoor conditions, where attenuation of walls and signal fading due to signal reflections make
770-576: A larger fluid tank for the TKS Ice Protection System and protecting more areas of the aircraft. The FAA approved the new installation in April 2009. For several years, the largest fleet of Cirrus SR22s was operated by ImagineAir , which was in operation from 2007–2018. Previously to this, the largest fleet had been operated by SATSair with 26 aircraft. It began operations in 2004 and went out of business in 2009. The largest European operator
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#1733085810258840-472: A long shot." In 2013, the manufacturer introduced the SR22 G5 (Generation 5) (there was no G4). Key changes were an increase in gross weight to 3,600 lb (1,633 kg) and a standard five-seat cabin arrangement. The G5 received only minor changes for 2014, including integrated LED lighting and Beringer brakes. In 2014, the SR22 and SR22T had been the best-selling four- to five-seat fixed-wing aircraft in
910-469: A lower power consumption through a reduced duty cycle . The specification is published as Bluetooth v2.0 + EDR , which implies that EDR is an optional feature. Aside from EDR, the v2.0 specification contains other minor improvements, and products may claim compliance to "Bluetooth v2.0" without supporting the higher data rate. At least one commercial device states "Bluetooth v2.0 without EDR" on its data sheet. Bluetooth Core Specification version 2.1 + EDR
980-410: A membership of over 30,000 companies worldwide. It was established by Ericsson , IBM , Intel , Nokia and Toshiba , and later joined by many other companies. All versions of the Bluetooth standards are backward-compatible with all earlier versions. The Bluetooth Core Specification Working Group (CSWG) produces mainly four kinds of specifications: Major enhancements include: This version of
1050-475: A radio technology called frequency-hopping spread spectrum . Bluetooth divides transmitted data into packets, and transmits each packet on one of 79 designated Bluetooth channels. Each channel has a bandwidth of 1 MHz. It usually performs 1600 hops per second, with adaptive frequency-hopping (AFH) enabled. Bluetooth Low Energy uses 2 MHz spacing, which accommodates 40 channels. Originally, Gaussian frequency-shift keying (GFSK) modulation
1120-422: A serious name, Bluetooth was to be replaced with either RadioWire or PAN (Personal Area Networking). PAN was the front runner, but an exhaustive search discovered it already had tens of thousands of hits throughout the internet. A full trademark search on RadioWire couldn't be completed in time for launch, making Bluetooth the only choice. The name caught on fast and before it could be changed, it spread throughout
1190-419: A short range based on low-cost transceiver microchips in each device. Because the devices use a radio (broadcast) communications system, they do not have to be in visual line of sight of each other; however, a quasi optical wireless path must be viable. Historically, the Bluetooth range was defined by the radio class, with a lower class (and higher output power) having larger range. The actual range of
1260-575: A single year for Cirrus since 2001, and the first year where the number of CAPS deployments (12) exceeded the number of fatal accidents (3). As of September 2018, pilots had deployed the SR-series parachute 79 times, with 163 survivors. After a failed CAPS deployment in March 2021, Cirrus issued a service bulletin and replaced the firing mechanism in the CAP systems (which control the primer material that ignites
1330-529: A sophisticated dual-wavelength instrument that offers both infrared and synthetic vision . At the 2010 EAA AirVenture , Cirrus announced its plans to certify Garmin's ESP system (Electronic Stability and Protection, similar to ESPs in automobiles ) on the Cirrus SR22. It included advanced flight envelope protection that could stabilize the aircraft with the push of a button, to avoid spiral from developing. The Cirrus Perspective-Plus avionics flight deck
1400-509: A year), at age nineteen. He completed his trip on 7 September 2013 in Wollongong . His SR22, Spirit of the Sapphire Coast, was modified by removing three seats and adding a 160 U.S. gallons (610 L; 130 imp gal) fuselage tank for a total of 250 U.S. gallons (950 L; 210 imp gal) usable. The French Air and Space Force uses six SR22s as training aircraft , and
1470-481: Is Fly Aeolus , a Belgian fractional ownership company established in 2009 that operates 13 SR22s. In May 2022, California-based air taxi company Joby Aviation received Part 135 air service certification from the FAA to operate a fleet of SR22s, pending certification of its eVTOL aircraft. Australian pilot Ryan Campbell used an SR22 to become the youngest pilot to fly solo around the world (a title which he held for nearly
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#17330858102581540-879: Is a bind rune merging the Younger Futhark runes [REDACTED] (ᚼ, Hagall ) and [REDACTED] (ᛒ, Bjarkan ), Harald's initials. The development of the "short-link" radio technology, later named Bluetooth, was initiated in 1989 by Nils Rydbeck, CTO at Ericsson Mobile in Lund , Sweden. The purpose was to develop wireless headsets, according to two inventions by Johan Ullman , SE 8902098-6 , issued 1989-06-12 and SE 9202239 , issued 1992-07-24 . Nils Rydbeck tasked Tord Wingren with specifying and Dutchman Jaap Haartsen and Sven Mattisson with developing. Both were working for Ericsson in Lund. Principal design and development began in 1994 and by 1997
1610-405: Is a packet-based protocol with a master/slave architecture . One master may communicate with up to seven slaves in a piconet . All devices within a given piconet use the clock provided by the master as the base for packet exchange. The master clock ticks with a period of 312.5 μs , two clock ticks then make up a slot of 625 μs, and two slots make up a slot pair of 1250 μs. In
1680-427: Is a more powerful version of the earlier SR20 . Production of the aircraft started in 2001. The SR22 is a low-wing cantilever monoplane of composite construction, featuring fixed (non-retractable) tricycle landing gear with a castering nose wheel and steering via differential braking on the main wheels. It is powered by a nose-mounted 310 hp (231 kW) Continental IO-550-N piston engine. The four-seat cabin
1750-467: Is a short-range wireless technology standard that is used for exchanging data between fixed and mobile devices over short distances and building personal area networks (PANs). In the most widely used mode, transmission power is limited to 2.5 milliwatts , giving it a very short range of up to 10 metres (33 ft). It employs UHF radio waves in the ISM bands , from 2.402 GHz to 2.48 GHz. It
1820-474: Is accessed through doors on both sides of the fuselage. The SR-series remains the only production airplane in its class to include side stick flight controls that combine aspects of a traditional yoke handle (referred to in the industry as a "side yoke"). The Cirrus SR22, like the SR20, is equipped with the Cirrus Airframe Parachute System (CAPS), which can lower the entire aircraft to
1890-411: Is connecting to a Class 1 transceiver with both higher sensitivity and transmission power than a typical Class 2 device. In general, however, Class 1 devices have sensitivities similar to those of Class 2 devices. Connecting two Class 1 devices with both high sensitivity and high power can allow ranges far in excess of the typical 100 m, depending on the throughput required by
1960-522: Is included with most Linux kernels and was originally developed by Qualcomm . Fluoride, earlier known as Bluedroid is included in Android OS and was originally developed by Broadcom . There is also Affix stack, developed by Nokia . It was once popular, but has not been updated since 2005. FreeBSD has included Bluetooth since its v5.0 release, implemented through netgraph . NetBSD has included Bluetooth since its v4.0 release. Its Bluetooth stack
2030-526: Is mainly used as an alternative to wired connections to exchange files between nearby portable devices and connect cell phones and music players with wireless headphones . Bluetooth is managed by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG), which has more than 35,000 member companies in the areas of telecommunication, computing, networking, and consumer electronics. The IEEE standardized Bluetooth as IEEE 802.15.1 but no longer maintains
2100-404: Is useful when transferring information between two or more devices that are near each other in low-bandwidth situations. Bluetooth is commonly used to transfer sound data with telephones (i.e., with a Bluetooth headset) or byte data with hand-held computers (transferring files). Bluetooth protocols simplify the discovery and setup of services between devices. Bluetooth devices can advertise all of
2170-465: The Cessna 400 (1.0), despite the SR22's full aircraft parachute system. By the end of 2013, the fatality rate had been reduced to 1.01 per 100,000 flight hours. This was attributed to better training, particularly in the use of the ballistic parachute system. The fatality rate continued to decrease in 2014, to .42 per 100,000 flight hours, one of the industry's lowest. This marked the fewest fatalities in
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2240-602: The Royal Saudi Air Force acquired 25 SR22s in 2013, replacing Cessna 172s as primary trainers at the King Faisal Air Academy . In 2015 Emirates purchased 22 aircraft for training purposes. The Minnesota State Patrol uses a special missions "Cirrus Perception" SR22 for law enforcement operations, surveillance, search and rescue missions, and more. Between 2001 and May 2014, 147 U.S.-registered Cirrus SR22 aircraft crashed, killing 122 people. In 2011,
2310-592: The SR22T . This used a new engine, the Continental TSIO-550K , which produces 315 hp (235 kW) with a 7.5:1 compression ratio and can run on 94 octane fuel . SR22s and SR20s built before 2003 were equipped with traditional analog instruments and a 10" (later 12") Multi-function display (MFD). In February 2003, Cirrus began offering SR22s with the Avidyne Entegra primary flight display (PFD), making
2380-569: The Smithsonian Institution 's National Air and Space Museum , which opened in 2022. In January 2022, Cirrus announced speed and aesthetic improvements to the G6 SR-series, with a 9 knots (17 km/h) increased cruise speed, upgrades to the mobile IQ app, USB-A and USB-C charging ports and more. In January 2024, the company announced the SR22 G7 (Generation 7), with a major overhaul to
2450-522: The 10th-century Danish king Harald Bluetooth . Upon discovering a picture of the runestone of Harald Bluetooth in the book A History of the Vikings by Gwyn Jones , Kardach proposed Bluetooth as the codename for the short-range wireless program which is now called Bluetooth. According to Bluetooth's official website, Bluetooth was only intended as a placeholder until marketing could come up with something really cool. Later, when it came time to select
2520-431: The 21st century, and is the single most-produced GA aircraft made from composite material, accounting for nearly 50% of the entire piston aircraft market. The Cirrus SR22 has a whole-plane emergency recovery parachute system: the Cirrus Airframe Parachute System (CAPS). This has contributed to its market success and has given it the nickname "the plane with the parachute". The SR22, certified in November 2000,
2590-523: The Bluetooth Core Specification was released before 2005. The main difference is the introduction of an Enhanced Data Rate (EDR) for faster data transfer . The data rate of EDR is 3 Mbit/s, although the maximum data transfer rate (allowing for inter-packet time and acknowledgements) is 2.1 Mbit/s. EDR uses a combination of GFSK and phase-shift keying modulation (PSK) with two variants, π/4- DQPSK and 8- DPSK . EDR can provide
2660-582: The Feature Pack for Wireless or Windows Vista SP2 work with Bluetooth v2.1+EDR. Windows 7 works with Bluetooth v2.1+EDR and Extended Inquiry Response (EIR). The Windows XP and Windows Vista/Windows 7 Bluetooth stacks support the following Bluetooth profiles natively: PAN, SPP, DUN , HID, HCRP. The Windows XP stack can be replaced by a third party stack that supports more profiles or newer Bluetooth versions. The Windows Vista/Windows 7 Bluetooth stack supports vendor-supplied additional profiles without requiring that
2730-485: The Microsoft stack be replaced. Windows 8 and later support Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE). It is generally recommended to install the latest vendor driver and its associated stack to be able to use the Bluetooth device at its fullest extent. Apple products have worked with Bluetooth since Mac OS X v10.2 , which was released in 2002. Linux has two popular Bluetooth stacks , BlueZ and Fluoride. The BlueZ stack
2800-834: The R520m in Quarter 1 of 2001, making the R520m the first ever commercially available Bluetooth phone. In parallel, IBM introduced the IBM ThinkPad ;A30 in October ;2001 which was the first notebook with integrated Bluetooth. Bluetooth's early incorporation into consumer electronics products continued at Vosi Technologies in Costa Mesa, California, initially overseen by founding members Bejan Amini and Tom Davidson. Vosi Technologies had been created by real estate developer Ivano Stegmenga, with United States Patent 608507, for communication between
2870-629: The SR22 introduced the Cirrus Perspective Touch+ flight deck, the "first-ever piston aircraft to incorporate dual Garmin Touch Controllers”, including taxiway routing and a contextualized 3D taxi guide, improved flight envelope protection, a 35% larger MFD and PFD, a calibrated airspeed -linked checklist scroll wheel, and other upgrades to the instrument panel. Cirrus completed testing for flight into known icing conditions (FIKI) on 12 January 2009. The equipment change involved installing
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2940-566: The TRAC, a training-oriented version of the SR-series with a simplified interior, more durable seat material, backseat radio transmit switch to allow an observer to communicate with air traffic control , integrated engine indication and crew alerting/warning systems, and simulated retractable landing gear controls and position lights to allow cadets and instructors to feign landing gear operation and failures during instructional flights (the actual landing gear remains permanently fixed). In January 2020,
3010-697: The accident record of the SR20/SR22 was examined by Aviation Consumer magazine. It found that the series' overall accident record is better than average for light aircraft, exceeded only by the Diamond DA40 and DA42 . However, its fatal accident rate is worse, at 1.6 per 100,000 flight hours—which places it higher than the United States general aviation rate of 1.2, and higher than the Diamond DA40 (0.35), Cessna 172 (0.45), Diamond DA42 (0.54), Cessna 182 (0.69), and
3080-502: The application. Some such devices allow open field ranges of up to 1 km and beyond between two similar devices without exceeding legal emission limits. To use Bluetooth wireless technology, a device must be able to interpret certain Bluetooth profiles. For example, Profiles are definitions of possible applications and specify general behaviors that Bluetooth-enabled devices use to communicate with other Bluetooth devices. These profiles include settings to parameterize and to control
3150-573: The chute’s rocket) for 347 Cirrus SR aircraft and 26 SF50 Vision jets. The SR22 is used by flying schools, several air charter and small air taxi carriers, as well as private individuals and companies. SR22s have been involved in numerous accidents and incidents, with some of the most notable being: Data from Cirrus website and The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage General characteristics Performance Avionics Related development Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era Bluetooth Bluetooth
3220-529: The communication from the start. Adherence to profiles saves the time for transmitting the parameters anew before the bi-directional link becomes effective. There are a wide range of Bluetooth profiles that describe many different types of applications or use cases for devices. Bluetooth exists in numerous products such as telephones, speakers , tablets, media players, robotics systems, laptops, and game console equipment as well as some high definition headsets , modems , hearing aids and even watches. Bluetooth
3290-452: The company introduced a new mobile app for the SR Series, called "Cirrus IQ", which enables remote aircraft communication including access to pre-flight status information like fuel and oxygen levels, battery voltage, oil temperature, aircraft location and flight hours. In October 2020, it was revealed that a 2003 SR22 would be displayed in the new general aviation exhibition "We All Fly" in
3360-524: The connection—but may subsequently operate as the slave). The Bluetooth Core Specification provides for the connection of two or more piconets to form a scatternet , in which certain devices simultaneously play the master/leader role in one piconet and the slave role in another. At any given time, data can be transferred between the master and one other device (except for the little-used broadcast mode). The master chooses which slave device to address; typically, it switches rapidly from one device to another in
3430-464: The first " Smart Home " internet connected devices. Vosi needed a means for the system to communicate without a wired connection from the vehicle to the other devices in the network. Bluetooth was chosen, since Wi-Fi was not yet readily available or supported in the public market. Vosi had begun to develop the Vosi Cello integrated vehicular system and some other internet connected devices, one of which
3500-496: The founding signatories and a total of five members: Ericsson, Intel, Nokia, Toshiba, and IBM. The first Bluetooth device was revealed in 1999. It was a hands-free mobile headset that earned the "Best of show Technology Award" at COMDEX . The first Bluetooth mobile phone was the unreleased prototype Ericsson T36, though it was the revised Ericsson model T39 that actually made it to store shelves in June 2001. However Ericsson released
3570-531: The ground relatively gently in an emergency. In 2004, the company introduced the SR22 G2 (Generation 2), and in 2007 the SR22 G3 (Generation 3). Both were defined by airframe modifications, G2 by fuselage, and G3 by modified wing and landing gear. In a 2012 Flying magazine review, then editor-in-chief Robert Goyer wrote that the Cirrus SR22 "is the most sophisticated single-engine civilian airplane ever built and by
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#17330858102583640-583: The industry, becoming synonymous with short-range wireless technology. Bluetooth is the Anglicised version of the Scandinavian Blåtand / Blåtann (or in Old Norse blátǫnn ). It was the epithet of King Harald Bluetooth, who united the disparate Danish tribes into a single kingdom; Kardach chose the name to imply that Bluetooth similarly unites communication protocols. The Bluetooth logo [REDACTED]
3710-449: The interior and avionics, making it more comparable to the cockpit of a Cirrus Vision Jet , as well as safety and engine-start improvements and an automatic fuel selection system. Cirrus introduced the SR22 Turbo in 2006, with a Tornado Alley turbonormalizing upgrade kit that is factory installed under a Supplemental Type Certificate . It included twin turbonormalizers and twin intercoolers . The conversion includes built-in oxygen and
3780-422: The plane the first of its kind to come with a glass cockpit . Later that year, this instrumentation became standard equipment on all SR-series aircraft and sparked a major transition in general aviation , whereby over 90% of all new light aircraft by the year 2006 were equipped with glass cockpits. Retrofits are available for the older SR aircraft that replace the analog instrument panels with one that includes
3850-661: The public market due to its large market share at the time. In 2012, Jaap Haartsen was nominated by the European Patent Office for the European Inventor Award . Bluetooth operates at frequencies between 2.402 and 2.480 GHz, or 2.400 and 2.4835 GHz, including guard bands 2 MHz wide at the bottom end and 3.5 MHz wide at the top. This is in the globally unlicensed (but not unregulated) industrial, scientific and medical ( ISM ) 2.4 GHz short-range radio frequency band. Bluetooth uses
3920-413: The range far lower than specified line-of-sight ranges of the Bluetooth products. Most Bluetooth applications are battery-powered Class 2 devices, with little difference in range whether the other end of the link is a Class 1 or Class 2 device as the lower-powered device tends to set the range limit. In some cases the effective range of the data link can be extended when a Class 2 device
3990-427: The same spectrum but somewhat differently . A master BR/EDR Bluetooth device can communicate with a maximum of seven devices in a piconet (an ad hoc computer network using Bluetooth technology), though not all devices reach this maximum. The devices can switch roles, by agreement, and the slave can become the master (for example, a headset initiating a connection to a phone necessarily begins as master—as an initiator of
4060-449: The services they provide. This makes using services easier, because more of the security, network address and permission configuration can be automated than with many other network types. A personal computer that does not have embedded Bluetooth can use a Bluetooth adapter that enables the PC to communicate with Bluetooth devices. While some desktop computers and most recent laptops come with
4130-460: The short-link technology an open industry standard to permit each player maximum market access. Ericsson contributed the short-link radio technology, and IBM contributed patents around the logical layer. Adalio Sanchez of IBM then recruited Stephen Nachtsheim of Intel to join and then Intel also recruited Toshiba and Nokia . In May 1998, the Bluetooth SIG was launched with IBM and Ericsson as
4200-401: The simple case of single-slot packets, the master transmits in even slots and receives in odd slots. The slave, conversely, receives in even slots and transmits in odd slots. Packets may be 1, 3, or 5 slots long, but in all cases, the master's transmission begins in even slots and the slave's in odd slots. The above excludes Bluetooth Low Energy, introduced in the 4.0 specification, which uses
4270-428: The standard. The Bluetooth SIG oversees the development of the specification, manages the qualification program, and protects the trademarks. A manufacturer must meet Bluetooth SIG standards to market it as a Bluetooth device. A network of patents applies to the technology, which is licensed to individual qualifying devices. As of 2021 , 4.7 billion Bluetooth integrated circuit chips are shipped annually. Bluetooth
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#17330858102584340-402: The team had a workable solution. From 1997 Örjan Johansson became the project leader and propelled the technology and standardization. In 1997, Adalio Sanchez, then head of IBM ThinkPad product R&D, approached Nils Rydbeck about collaborating on integrating a mobile phone into a ThinkPad notebook. The two assigned engineers from Ericsson and IBM studied the idea. The conclusion
4410-455: The world for 12 years in a row. In 2016, Cirrus introduced improvements to the SR Series, including Bluetooth wireless connectivity, remote keyless entry , a convenience lighting system, and an easy-access door latch. In 2017, the company introduced the SR22 G6 (Generation 6), with several major upgrades to the avionics and new navigation lighting . In September 2019, Cirrus unveiled
4480-473: Was adopted by the Bluetooth SIG on 26 July 2007. The headline feature of v2.1 is secure simple pairing (SSP): this improves the pairing experience for Bluetooth devices, while increasing the use and strength of security. Version 2.1 allows various other improvements, including extended inquiry response (EIR), which provides more information during the inquiry procedure to allow better filtering of devices before connection; and sniff subrating, which reduces
4550-402: Was first demonstrated in space in 2024, an early test envisioned to enhance IoT capabilities. The name "Bluetooth" was proposed in 1997 by Jim Kardach of Intel , one of the founders of the Bluetooth SIG. The name was inspired by a conversation with Sven Mattisson who related Scandinavian history through tales from Frans G. Bengtsson 's The Long Ships , a historical novel about Vikings and
4620-496: Was intended to be a table-top device named the Vosi Symphony, networked with Bluetooth. Through the negotiations with Motorola , Vosi introduced and disclosed its intent to integrate Bluetooth in its devices. In the early 2000s a legal battle ensued between Vosi and Motorola, which indefinitely suspended release of the devices. Later, Motorola implemented it in their devices which initiated the significant propagation of Bluetooth in
4690-463: Was introduced in 2017, with a faster processing speed, animated datalink weather, payload management, visual approach capabilities, wireless database uploads, glass back-up instruments, and more. In 2020, the Perspective-Plus flight deck included a new stabilized approach advisory system that provides alerts to the pilot of unstable conditions during approach. In 2024, the seventh generation of
4760-456: Was ported to OpenBSD as well, however OpenBSD later removed it as unmaintained. DragonFly BSD has had NetBSD's Bluetooth implementation since 1.11 (2008). A netgraph -based implementation from FreeBSD has also been available in the tree, possibly disabled until 2014-11-15, and may require more work. The specifications were formalized by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG) and formally announced on 20 May 1998. In 2014 it had
4830-493: Was that power consumption on cellphone technology at that time was too high to allow viable integration into a notebook and still achieve adequate battery life. Instead, the two companies agreed to integrate Ericsson's short-link technology on both a ThinkPad notebook and an Ericsson phone to accomplish the goal. Since neither IBM ThinkPad notebooks nor Ericsson phones were the market share leaders in their respective markets at that time, Adalio Sanchez and Nils Rydbeck agreed to make
4900-724: Was the only modulation scheme available. Since the introduction of Bluetooth 2.0+EDR, π/4- DQPSK (differential quadrature phase-shift keying) and 8-DPSK modulation may also be used between compatible devices. Devices functioning with GFSK are said to be operating in basic rate (BR) mode, where an instantaneous bit rate of 1 Mbit/s is possible. The term Enhanced Data Rate ( EDR ) is used to describe π/4-DPSK (EDR2) and 8-DPSK (EDR3) schemes, transferring 2 and 3 Mbit/s respectively. In 2019, Apple published an extension called HDR which supports data rates of 4 (HDR4) and 8 (HDR8) Mbit/s using π/4- DQPSK modulation on 4 MHz channels with forward error correction (FEC). Bluetooth
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